atyre q\u00eb e krijojn\u00eb.<\/a><\/noindex>. Un\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb shkruaj asgj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb. M\u00eb vjen keq, %username%.<\/p>\nP\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsisht, p\u00ebr t\u00eb immobilizuar \u2014 nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb injektohet drog\u00eb. Kjo p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje tjet\u00ebr ka efekt immobilizues:
\n![\"Rreth](\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/9459778bcd10966f82ca600ecb86934e.jpg\")
\n0,001 mg\/kg shkakton dob\u00ebsi fizike, megjithat\u00eb, kalon shpejt. P\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebt \u2014 duhet t\u00eb hani shum\u00eb: doza toksike \u00ebsht\u00eb 1000 her\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb.
\nSinqerisht: un\u00eb kam harruar emrin e zakonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb k\u00ebtij p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebsi, por kam gjetur formul\u00ebn. P\u00ebrdorni.<\/p>\n
Po e \u00e7ojm\u00eb bastet m\u00eb lart, %username%! <\/p>\n
Sernil<\/b>![\"Rreth](\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/2298bd6f4fbe07fd90b75430d4f4fa76.jpg\")
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\nSernil, ose feniklidin, ose SN sipas nomenklatur\u00ebs s\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb huaja n\u00eb doza 0,03-1 mg\/kg, pas nj\u00eb periudhe fshehjeje deri n\u00eb nj\u00eb or\u00eb fillon t\u00eb veproj\u00eb shum\u00eb arg\u00ebtushem: ndodh nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb e alternuar e gjendjeve t\u00eb ngaz\u00ebllimit dhe depresionit. Nuk e di si ta shp\u00ebrndaj k\u00ebt\u00eb gam\u00eb ndjesish, por p\u00ebrfundimisht trupi lodhet shum\u00eb shpejt. Lind nj\u00eb ndjenj\u00eb e thell\u00eb vetmie dhe izolimi, pastaj \u2014 negativiz\u00ebm dhe armiq\u00ebsi. Pas 8-10 or\u00ebsh nga marrja e sernilit, simptomat nuk dallohen shum\u00eb nga ato t\u00eb ngjashme me skizofrenin\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00ebse teproni pak, at\u00ebher\u00eb me 2 mg\/kg mund t\u00eb ndodhi katalepsia p\u00ebr deri n\u00eb 3 dit\u00eb. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb kur rri, shikon jasht\u00eb dhe nuk l\u00ebviz. Por ka edhe p\u00ebrfitime \u2014 mund t\u00eb ekspozohesh n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb galeri...<\/p>\n
Ky mrekulli u krijua n\u00eb vitet 1950 n\u00eb SHBA dhe madje fillimisht ishte p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime mjek\u00ebsore deri n\u00eb vitin 1965. Q\u00eb nga viti 1979, sernili \u00ebsht\u00eb ndaluar p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorim dhe prodhim.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, grupi interesant n\u00eb oborrin t\u00ebnd mund ta njoh\u00eb sernilin si RCP, Peace pill, pluhuri i engj\u00ebllit (Angel dust) \u2014 po, po, p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebndon \u00abAria\u00bb, HOG, Killer weed, KJ, Embalming fluid, Rocker fuel, Sherms etj.<\/p>\n
Sernil sjell nj\u00eb var\u00ebsi shum\u00eb shpejt, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, ky shok \u00ebsht\u00eb ekstremisht xheloz ndaj burimeve t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsive t\u00eb bot\u00ebs: n\u00eb kombinim me substanca t\u00eb tjera \u2014 si alkooli, marihuan\u00ebn ose benzodiazepinat \u2014 mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb koma.<\/p>\n
Shoku dhe aleati i sernilit \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo:
\nDikush q\u00eb s\u2019ka lidhje<\/b>![\"Rreth](\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/46bcb69d54779cecdc68f98dbec7d4d3.jpg\")
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\nKy \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb substanc\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn kam harruar emrin e zakonsh\u00ebm. Tani e di shkrimin tim t\u00eb tmerrsh\u00ebm, %username%! Besom\u00eb \u2014 kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e keqe se \u00e7do helm.<\/p>\n
Kjo substanc\u00eb n\u00eb doza 60-210 mcg\/kg vepron p\u00ebrmes 0,5-2 or\u00ebve n\u00ebse e konsumon, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00ebse e thith\u00ebsh ose e injekton \u2014 at\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb 5 minuta. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb njeri, nevojiten vet\u00ebm 5 mg.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb rast t\u00eb ngacmimit, simptomat jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme me sernilin. Shpejt pas intoksikimit do t\u00eb shfaqet dob\u00ebsi, marramendje, dridhje dhe spasme muskulore, pastaj vjen t\u00eb vjella, mpirje n\u00eb goj\u00eb dhe shqet\u00ebsime t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs. Dhe rreth nj\u00eb or\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb do t\u00eb filloj\u00eb gj\u00ebja kryesore. Do t\u00eb humbas\u00ebsh mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u p\u00ebrqendruar dhe menduar, ndjesia e koh\u00ebs dhe hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs do t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb. Koordinimi do t\u00eb d\u00ebshtoj\u00eb, reflekset e kushteve do t\u00eb shquhen. Dhe m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja: halucinacione. T\u00eb ngjyrosura. T\u00eb d\u00ebgjueshme dhe t\u00eb dukshme. Por fatkeq\u00ebsisht \u2014 t\u00eb gjitha jan\u00eb frikshme. N\u00eb atmosfer\u00ebn e nj\u00eb ndjenje t\u00eb pand\u00ebrprer\u00eb frike dhe tmerri \u2014 kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka. Do t\u00eb kesh frik\u00eb, do t\u00eb d\u00ebgjosh dhe do t\u00eb shoh\u00ebsh at\u00eb q\u00eb ke frik\u00eb, p\u00ebr 5-6 or\u00eb t\u00eb gjata, dhe n\u00ebse ke fat t\u00eb kap\u00ebsh 200 mcg\/kg ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb \u2014 ndodh depersonalizimi i plot\u00eb, ti, %username%, nuk je m\u00eb %username% \u2014 por nj\u00eb krijes\u00eb e vog\u00ebl q\u00eb dridhet e shtr\u00ebnguar, e cila qan, vajton dhe KEQ\u00cbSON. E v\u00ebrteta, arg\u00ebtuese, apo jo?<\/p>\n
N\u00eb fakt, \u00ebsht\u00eb aq arg\u00ebtuese sa q\u00eb atash jan\u00eb substancat psikotrope m\u00eb t\u00eb njohura q\u00eb lidhen sakt\u00ebsisht me veprimin halucinat.<\/p>\n
Pra, mir\u00ebseardhja \u2014 LSD<\/b>![\"Rreth](\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/c36ec608bc4203f2ef440b851902fedc.jpg\")
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\nPas emrit \"LSD\", p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, fshihet emri i k\u00ebtij kryevepre \u2014 N,N-dietilamid t\u00eb acidit D-lizergjik. \u00cbsht\u00eb si t\u00eb t\u00eb quajn\u00eb me emrin dhe mbiemrin.<\/p>\n
E v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, %username%, nuk di si dhe p\u00ebrse m\u00eb 16 n\u00ebntor 1938, kemi kimistin zviceran Albert Hofmann n\u00eb Bazel q\u00eb p\u00ebrftoi LSD-25 nga acidi lisergjik (25 - sepse ishte p\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e 25-t\u00eb q\u00eb ai sintetizoi). Njer\u00ebzimi tashm\u00eb e dinte p\u00ebr toksicitetin e ergotoksinave nga ergot, Arthur Stoll n\u00eb laboratorin e firm\u00ebs Sandoz madje kishte nxjerr\u00eb ergotamin\u00ebn nga sklerociet m\u00eb 1918 - por e studionin at\u00eb n\u00eb drit\u00ebn e veprimit stimuluese mbi muskulatur\u00ebn e mitr\u00ebs. Nuk mendoj se Hofmann kishte probleme me mitr\u00ebn, por \u00e7do m\u00ebnyr\u00eb - LSD e krijoi ai. Duhet ta duartrokasim (edhe pse ai tashm\u00eb kishte vdekur, por jo p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye).<\/p>\n
Dhe ja, m\u00eb 19 prill 1943, Hofmann si nj\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb pranoi at\u00eb q\u00eb sintetizoi. 250 mikrogram\u00eb. Rezultati: pas nj\u00eb kohe t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr filluan t\u00eb shfaqen dizziness dhe shqet\u00ebsim. Shpejt, efekti ishte aq i fort\u00eb saq\u00eb Alberta nuk mundi m\u00eb t\u00eb formonte fjali koherente, duke u v\u00ebzhguar nga asistenti i tij, i informuar p\u00ebr eksperimentin, ai u nis me bi\u00e7iklet\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi. Udh\u00ebtimi rezultoi t\u00eb ishte shum\u00eb interesant: ndjenjat subjektive t\u00eb Hofmann ishin nj\u00eb ngarje shum\u00eb e ngadalt\u00eb, n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me objektivitetin: ai po shpejtonte si nj\u00eb grenx\u00eb e stimuluar. Gjithashtu, bulevardi i njohur gjat\u00eb rrug\u00ebs p\u00ebr n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi u transformua p\u00ebr Hofmann n\u00eb nj\u00eb piktur\u00eb t\u00eb Salvador Dalit: i dukej se nd\u00ebrtesat ishin mbuluar me nj\u00eb val\u00eb t\u00eb im\u00ebt. <\/p>\n
Pasi Hofmann arriti n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, ai k\u00ebrkoi nga asistenti t\u00eb th\u00ebrriste mjekun dhe t'ia k\u00ebrkonte fqinjit qum\u00ebshtin, t\u00eb cilin e kishte zgjedhur si nj\u00eb antidot t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr helmimet.<\/p>\n
Mjeku q\u00eb arriti nuk gjeti asnj\u00eb ndryshim te pacienti, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 pupillave t\u00eb zgjeruara. Megjithat\u00eb, gjat\u00eb disa or\u00ebve, Hoffman ishte n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje delirium: i dukej se ishte t\u00ebrhequr nga demon\u00ebt, se fqinja e tij ishte nj\u00eb magjistare, se mobiljet n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e tij po i k\u00ebrc\u00ebnonin. Pas k\u00ebsaj, ndjenja e shqet\u00ebsimit u t\u00ebrhoq, duke u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar nga imazhe shum\u00ebngjyr\u00ebshe n\u00eb form\u00ebn e rrethave dhe spiraleve, t\u00eb cilat nuk u zhduk\u00ebn as kur mbylli syt\u00eb. Gjithashtu, Hoffman tregonte se z\u00ebri i nj\u00eb makine kaluese e perceptonte si nj\u00eb imazh optik.<\/p>\n
M\u00eb 22 prill, ai shkroi p\u00ebr eksperimentin dhe p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn e tij, dhe m\u00eb von\u00eb e p\u00ebrfshiu k\u00ebt\u00eb sh\u00ebnim n\u00eb librin e tij \"LSD \u2013 f\u00ebmi i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb\".<\/p>\n
N\u00eb parath\u00ebnien e librit t\u00eb tij, Hoffman shkruante, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, se u b\u00eb kimist p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb d\u00ebshp\u00ebrimit t\u00eb tij p\u00ebr nj\u00eb unitet t\u00eb plot\u00eb me natyr\u00ebn. Ai k\u00ebrkonte substanca q\u00eb zgjeronin kapacitetet e njeriut p\u00ebr t\u00eb perceptuar bot\u00ebn p\u00ebrreth n\u00eb gjith\u00eb plot\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb momentin e shkrimit t\u00eb librit, shkenc\u00ebtari e dinte tashm\u00eb se lidhja q\u00eb ai kishte zbuluar, jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb zgjeron vet\u00ebdijen, por gjithashtu mund t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrroj\u00eb psiken e njeriut, duke \u00e7uar n\u00eb pasoja katastrofike. <\/p>\n
\u00abThirrja e p\u00ebrjetimeve mistike, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrmes LSD dhe drogave t\u00eb tjera halucinogjene, n\u00eb krahasim me p\u00ebrvojat vizionare spontane, sjell rreziqe q\u00eb nuk duhet n\u00ebnvler\u00ebsuar. Praktikuesit duhet t\u00eb ken\u00eb parasysh disa efekte t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre substancave, pik\u00ebrisht aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndikuar n\u00eb mendjen ton\u00eb, n\u00eb thelbin m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb t\u00eb vetes son\u00eb. Historia e LSD-s\u00eb deri m\u00eb sot tregon mjaft mir\u00eb pasojat katastrofike q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndodhin kur thell\u00ebsia e efekteve t\u00eb saj n\u00ebnvler\u00ebsohet dhe kjo substanc\u00eb perceptohet si nj\u00eb drog\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb merret p\u00ebr k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi. P\u00ebrdorimi i gabuar dhe i pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm e b\u00ebri LSD-n\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr mua.\u00bb<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\n \u2014 \u00abLSD \u2014 f\u00ebmija im i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb\u00bb, A. Hofmann.<\/i><\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, q\u00eb nga 19 Prilli 1943, disa ndjek\u00ebs e quajn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00abDita e bi\u00e7iklet\u00ebs\u00bb dhe madje e festojn\u00eb. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e tyre.
\n\u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u0427\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b — \u0443\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0439?<\/b>![\"Rreth](\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/bfdb01308596054dd06ecc08de5844d8.jpg\")
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\nMekanizmi i veprimit t\u00eb LSD-s\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft kompleks. Para s\u00eb gjithash, ky substanc\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb homolog strukturor i serotonin\u00ebs \u2014 neurotransmetuesit q\u00eb rregullon gjendjet e relaksit, gjumit dhe akumulimin e energjis\u00eb. Veprimi anti-serotonin i LSD-s\u00eb \u00e7on n\u00eb halucinacione. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 nj\u00eb serotoninolitiku me spektrin e vog\u00ebl (n\u00eb substanc\u00ebs q\u00eb bllokon receptor\u00ebt e sinapseve nervore ku serotonin \u00ebsht\u00eb neurotransmetuesi), LSD ka gjithashtu nj\u00eb veprim inhibues ndaj monoaminooksidaz\u00ebs (MAO) t\u00eb serotonin\u00ebs, si dhe ndaj MAO t\u00eb neurotransmetuesve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb \u2014 acidit \u03b3-aminobutirik, histamin\u00ebs dhe noradrenalina. N\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje, efekti \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i shum\u00ebllojsh\u00ebm dhe, duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb, ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb studiuar plot\u00ebsisht.<\/p>\n
Disa koh\u00eb u supozua se studimi i nj\u00eb preparati t\u00eb ri do t\u00eb ndihmonte n\u00eb kuptimin e natyr\u00ebs s\u00eb shizofrenis\u00eb, e cila gjithashtu karakterizohet nga problemet me funksionimin e serotonin\u00ebs. Megjithat\u00eb, shum\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb nuk besonin se psikoza psychedelic dhe psikoza shizofrenike ishin identike. Pavar\u00ebsisht disa karakteristikave t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta, hipoteza p\u00ebr natyr\u00ebn e vetme t\u00eb shizofrenis\u00eb dhe veprimin e LSD-s\u00eb u rr\u00ebzua.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb \u00e7do rast, n\u00eb vitet 1960, u zhvilluan hulumtime aktive mbi LSD-n\u00eb \u2014 dhe tani po flas p\u00ebr studimin krejt\u00ebsisht paq\u00ebsor t\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve n\u00eb universitetet e SHBA-s\u00eb dhe vendeve t\u00eb tjera. Hulumtimet m\u00eb t\u00eb njohura ishin ato t\u00eb Stanislav Grof dhe Timothy Leary. Ky i fundit promovoi aktivisht k\u00ebt\u00eb substanc\u00eb psikotrope, pasi mendonte se efekti pozitiv nga ajo tejkalonte mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e efekteve an\u00ebsore. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, ai i dha LSD disa student\u00ebve pa i paralajm\u00ebruar p\u00ebr emrin e saj, si\u00e7 ndodhte shpesh n\u00eb at\u00eb periudh\u00eb gjat\u00eb hulumtimit t\u00eb psikodelik\u00ebve. M\u00eb von\u00eb, Timothy Leary u ndoq aktivisht nga autoritetet, edhe p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb q\u00ebndrimit t\u00eb tij agresiv n\u00eb lidhje me p\u00ebrfitimin e 'zgjerimit t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijes' p\u00ebr njeriun.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb vitin 1977, gjat\u00eb d\u00ebshmive n\u00eb senatin amerikan, drejtori i CIA-s, Stansfield Turner, pranoi se CIA kishte kryer nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb eksperimenti me LSD-n\u00eb mbi njer\u00ebz pa miratimin dhe dijenin\u00eb e tyre q\u00eb nga fillimi i viteve 1960 (programi \"MK Ultra\"). Shum\u00eb amerikan\u00eb u vun\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb eksperiment, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb atje t\u00eb burgosurit, pacient\u00ebt e spitaleve psikiatrike dhe qendrave onkologjike, infermier\u00ebt dhe \"personeli tjet\u00ebr mjek\u00ebsor\". Disa nga subjektet e eksperimenteve p\u00ebrjetuan \"simptomat e para t\u00eb skizofrenis\u00eb\".<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb val\u00eb e madhe entuziazmi p\u00ebr substancat psikotrope dhe LSD-n\u00eb p\u00ebrshkoi Amerik\u00ebn, duke ndikuar ndjesh\u00ebm n\u00eb formimin e nj\u00eb kontrakulture n\u00eb vitet gjasht\u00ebdhjet\u00eb dhe t\u00eb shtat\u00ebdhjet\u00eb. Nj\u00eb shprehje e njohur e doktorit Leary, q\u00eb u b\u00eb nj\u00eb moto p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebsit e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb psikedelik\u00ebve: \"Turn on, tune in, drop out\" (\"Shk\u00ebndit, rregullo, largohem\"). Me fjal\u00ebn \"largohem\", n\u00ebnkuptohej ikja nga moralet konservatore dhe stili i jetes\u00ebs s\u00eb pjes\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb vitin 1966, n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara u ndalua prodhimi, shp\u00ebrndarja dhe konsumimi. Ila\u00e7i u ndalua edhe p\u00ebr hulumtimin laboratorik.
\nNatyrisht, LSD e donin njer\u00ebzit kreativ\u00eb.<\/b><\/p>\n\n- Kur The Beatles regjistruan k\u00ebng\u00ebn \"Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds\", John Lennon shpjegoi origjin\u00ebn e titullit t\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00ebs me faktin se e kishte em\u00ebruar k\u00ebshtu vizatimin e tij djali Julian. Megjithat\u00eb, shum\u00eb e interpretuan k\u00ebt\u00eb titull si nj\u00eb aludim p\u00ebr drog\u00ebn LSD, pasi ky shkurtim formohej nga inicialet e saj, dhe BBC madje e ndaloi k\u00ebng\u00ebn p\u00ebr transmetim. M\u00eb von\u00eb, Paul McCartney tregoi se ndikimi i LSD-s\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i duksh\u00ebm.<\/li>\n
- P\u00ebr LSD-n\u00eb ishin admirues t\u00eb till\u00eb si Francis Crick \u2014 nj\u00eb nga zbuluesit e struktur\u00ebs dhe funksioneve t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb dhe Stanislav Grof, i angazhuar me psikologjin\u00eb transpersonal. Po ashtu, p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb substanc\u00eb u drejtuan Steve Jobs dhe Bill Gates. Jobs e p\u00ebrshkruan p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn e tij me LSD-n\u00eb si \"nj\u00eb nga dy ose tri gj\u00ebrat m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb kam b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00eb\". P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, Jobs vdiq nga kanceri i pankreasit, nd\u00ebrsa Gates \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga rekordmen\u00ebt n\u00eb sasin\u00eb e fondeve t\u00eb dhuruara p\u00ebr bamir\u00ebsi. Ndoshta kjo nuk ka lidhje fare.<\/li>\n
- \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fakt i njohur se LSD u p\u00ebrdor p\u00ebr \"inspirim\" nga shkrimtar\u00eb t\u00eb njohur n\u00eb bot\u00eb si Aldous Huxley (\"Nj\u00eb Bot\u00eb e Re Njer\u00ebzore\"), Kurt Vonnegut (\"Gremisja p\u00ebr Nj\u00eb Mace\"), Ken Kesey (\"Fluturoi P\u00ebrmbi Ckunin e Kukull\u00ebs\"), si dhe muzikant\u00eb si John Lennon, Syd Barrett, Jim Morrison e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb.<\/li>\n
- Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, n\u00eb filmin \"Pasqyra e Err\u00ebt. Branda-shmyg\", heroja me mikun e tij p\u00ebrjetojn\u00eb nj\u00eb veprim t\u00eb LSD-s\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i ngjash\u00ebm me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Por, le t\u00eb kthehemi n\u00eb tem\u00ebn ton\u00eb. N\u00eb momentin e zb discovery LSD, ushtar\u00ebt dhe agjencit\u00eb kishin nj\u00eb list\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb sustanciash t\u00eb tjera me veprime t\u00eb ngjashme: meskalin, psilocybin, TMA, THC, nalorfin, harmine, DOM, DMT, acid ibotenik... Edhe N,N-dimetilamidi i acidit acetik \u2014 ai gjithashtu me 400 mg\/kg shkakton depresion, humbje orientimi, halucinacione vizuale, deluzione dhe letargji \u2014 dhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e besueshme p\u00ebr 7 dit\u00eb!<\/p>\n
Por, megjithat\u00eb, zgjodh\u00ebn LSD-n\u00eb. Pse?<\/p>\n
\n- P\u00ebr nj\u00eb udh\u00ebtim t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm, mjafton 0,1-0,2 mg p\u00ebr nj\u00eb person t\u00eb dehur dhe 0,3-0,5 mg p\u00ebr nj\u00eb t\u00eb pijsh\u00ebm (po, po, ashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb!). KJO \u00cbSHT\u00cb SHUM\u00cb PAK! Prandaj, n\u00eb vendet interesante nuk shesin tableta LSD \u2014 shesin marka, t\u00eb cilat duke i l\u00ebpir\u00eb garanton marrjen e doz\u00ebs s\u00eb nevojshme.<\/li>\n
- LSD shkrihet mir\u00eb n\u00eb uj\u00eb (n\u00eb form\u00ebn e tartaratit) dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i stabilizuar.<\/li>\n
- Doza vdekjeprur\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 100 mg p\u00ebr person, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb 500-1000 her\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se doza efektive. T\u00eb vras\u00ebsh \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb (nd\u00ebrsa nga N,N-dimetilamidi i acidit acetik p\u00ebrmendur m\u00eb lart, p\u00ebr disa p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, t\u00eb zgjohet 1 njeri nga 3).<\/li>\n
- Nuk ka efekt kumulativ.<\/li>\n
- Nuk ka var\u00ebsi \u2014 p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb, as fiziologjike.<\/li>\n
- \u00bb\u0423\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442» \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c \u043d\u0430 5 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u2014 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c \u043d\u0430 2 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043e\u043a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\nK\u00ebshtu q\u00eb preparati jo vet\u00ebm hyri n\u00eb kronika, por u miratua me nj\u00eb kod t\u00eb qart\u00eb e t\u00eb kuptuesh\u00ebm LSD. Po ashtu, u sintetizuan analiza! Megjithat\u00eb, t\u00eb gjitha doli t\u00eb ishin t\u00eb d\u00ebshtuara.
\nAnalizator\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb LSD (n\u00eb kllapa aktiviteti i tyre halucinogjen ndaj LSD n\u00eb %)<\/b><\/p>\n\n- 2-brom-LSD (7%, efekti shfaqet vet\u00ebm te 2% e subjekteve, \u00ebsht\u00eb 1,5 her\u00eb m\u00eb aktiv si agent anti-serotonin se LSD, shkurtim \u2014 BOL);<\/li>\n
- amidi i acidit lizergik (0%);<\/li>\n
- dimetilamidi i acidit lizergik (10%);<\/li>\n
- monoetilamidi i acidit lizergik (5-10%);<\/li>\n
- morfolidi i acidit lizergik (30%);<\/li>\n
- 1-acetil-LSD (100%, por durimi i veprimit \u00ebsht\u00eb 2-3 her\u00eb m\u00eb i shkurt\u00ebr, dhe efektet vegjetative jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb theksuara, shkurtesa \u2014 ALD-52);<\/li>\n
- 1-metil-LSD (36%, 4 her\u00eb m\u00eb aktiv se LSD p\u00ebr aktivitetin anti-serotonin);<\/li>\n
- 1-metoksi-LSD (66%);<\/li>\n
- pirrolidid i acidit lizerkik (5%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Mungesa e LSD do t\u00eb ishte evidente: p\u00ebr sintez\u00ebn ishte e nevojshme ergot, duhej t\u00eb kultivohej, lizerkiku jepte pak \u2014 produkti b\u00ebhej i shtrenjt\u00eb. Filloi k\u00ebrkimi p\u00ebr di\u00e7ka q\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00ebsoj e mir\u00eb. Dhe e gjet\u00ebn!
\nBZ<\/b>![\"Rreth](\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/b903a71fb69a7eaba9e909d3695d164b.jpg\")
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\nJo, %username%, 'BZ' nuk ka asnj\u00eb lidhje me ndonj\u00eb tingull me origjin\u00eb organike. Dhe q\u00eb 'BZ' me nj\u00eb gabim n\u00eb rreshtim del si '\u0418\u042f' \u2014 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rast\u00ebsi e thjesht\u00eb. Mbase.<\/p>\n
BZ \u2014 eteri tri-hinuklidil i acidit benzoik \u2014 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb psikometimetik nga grupi i glikolateve.
\nAi u shpik nga kompania farmaceutike zvicerane Hoffman-LaRoche n\u00eb vitin 1951 \u2014 kompania ishte duke hetuar mjetet spazmolitike p\u00ebr trajtimin e s\u00ebmundjeve t\u00eb aparatit gastrointestinal. Dhe ajo q\u00eb u tregua e pap\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr ul\u00e7er\u00ebn, doli t\u00eb ishte shum\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime t\u00eb tjera (po ashtu ndodhi edhe me viagr\u00ebn, ndryshe). <\/p>\n
N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, ushtar\u00ebt e Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara ishin duke k\u00ebrkuar p\u00ebr substanca t\u00eb mundshme jo-vdekjeprur\u00ebse, psikoaktive, q\u00eb parandalonin funksionimin, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb drog\u00eb psikedelike si LSD dhe THC, substanca disociative si ketamina dhe feniklidina, opioide potente si fentanili, si dhe disa agjent\u00eb antikolinergjik\u00eb glikolat. Dhe k\u00ebtu vjen fat. <\/p>\n
Fillimisht, substanca u em\u00ebrua si \"TK\", por kur ajo u standardizua nga ushtria n\u00eb vitin 1961, mori emrin e kodit NATO \"BZ\". Agjenti shpesh u b\u00eb i njohur si \"Buzz\" p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebtij akronimi dhe efekteve q\u00eb kishte mbi gjendjen mendor t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve-vullnetar\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebrkime shkencore n\u00eb Edgewood Arsenal n\u00eb Maryland.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb vitin 1962, n\u00eb baz\u00ebn ushtarake Pine Bluff (Arkansas) u aktivizua nj\u00eb impiant p\u00ebr prodhimin e substanc\u00ebs BZ n\u00eb shkall\u00eb industrielle. Efektiviteti i tij luftarak u vler\u00ebsua gjat\u00eb provave n\u00eb terren, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduan n\u00eb vitin 1966. <\/p>\n
P\u00ebr shkak se BZ \u00ebsht\u00eb kristale t\u00eb bardha me pik\u00eb shkrirjeje 190 \u00b0C, me avullim t\u00eb ul\u00ebt dhe stabilitet t\u00eb lart\u00eb termik, u p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn bomba kaset\u00eb q\u00eb shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb fishek\u00eb piroteknik\u00eb \"duhnues\" me BZ n\u00eb nj\u00eb zon\u00eb prej rreth 1.2 hektar\u00ebsh. Po ashtu kishte \"gjenerator\u00eb\" t\u00eb mbushur me 5-6 kg BZ. Jan\u00eb shqyrtuar edhe opsione p\u00ebr infektimin me copa metalike, plumba dhe t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n
Blete BZ vepron si aerosol n\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrime rreth 110 mg*min\/l \u2014 dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrtet e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb vras\u00ebsh me k\u00ebt\u00eb substanc\u00eb; \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb re se n\u00eb grupin e rrezikut jan\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarit, f\u00ebmij\u00ebt dhe njer\u00ebzit me s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrjes.<\/p>\n
Fillimi \u00ebsht\u00eb i zakonsh\u00ebm: zgjerimi i pupilave, thar\u00eb n\u00eb goj\u00eb, rritje t\u00eb ritmit t\u00eb zemr\u00ebs. Pas 30-60 minutash fillon akti kryesor i dram\u00ebs: dob\u00ebsimi i v\u00ebmendjes dhe memorie, ulja e reagimeve ndaj nd\u00ebrlikimeve t\u00eb jashtme, depresion i theksuar dhe shqet\u00ebsim n\u00eb orientim n\u00eb mjedisin rrethues. Pas 1-4 or\u00ebsh, vihet re tahikardi e fort\u00eb, konfuzion dhe humbje e kontaktit me bot\u00ebn rreth. Halucinacionet jan\u00eb aq t\u00eb forta sa q\u00eb viktima nuk mund t\u00eb kuptoj\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb ndodh n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb dhe \u00e7far\u00eb duket. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb qesharake, %username%. Do t\u00eb qesh\u00ebsh aq sa t\u00eb b\u00ebhesh bllok.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebshtu zhvillohet nj\u00eb negativiz\u00ebm agresiv: njeriu b\u00ebn t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt\u00ebn e asaj q\u00eb i ofrohet. Dhe shum\u00eb shpesh \u2014 me shp\u00ebrthime zem\u00ebrimi. Kjo \u00e7menduri zgjat deri n\u00eb 4\u20135 dit\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa \u00e7rregullimet e mbetura \u2014 deri n\u00eb 2\u20133 jav\u00eb. Mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb humbje e pjesshme ose e plot\u00eb e memories. <\/p>\n
Mekanizmi i veprimit t\u00eb BZ \u00ebsht\u00eb po aq i nd\u00ebrlikuar sa ai i LSD-s\u00eb. BZ \u00ebsht\u00eb antagonist i receptor\u00ebve muskarinik\u00eb t\u00eb acetilkolin\u00ebs, pra n\u00eb thelb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb holinolitik q\u00eb parandalon transmetimin e impulseve nervore q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb acetilkolin\u00ebn \u2014 po, po, %username%, ashtu si VX, por ka nuanca. Nuanca \u00ebsht\u00eb raporti i lart\u00eb i doz\u00ebs toksike ndaj asaj vepruese: p\u00ebr BZ ky raport \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 40 her\u00eb (nga 32 deri n\u00eb 384 her\u00eb), dometh\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb thelb veprimi i BZ \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb helmim shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb i vog\u00ebl. Shtypi do t\u00eb thyhet, por drog\u00eb, dimedrol dhe taren (aprofen) jan\u00eb v\u00ebllez\u00ebr n\u00eb mekanizmin e veprimit me BZ. Ndoshta nuk jan\u00eb motra, por sigurisht jan\u00eb kush\u00ebrinj.<\/p>\n
Ka p\u00ebrmendje p\u00ebr nj\u00eb rast aplikimi t\u00eb substanc\u00ebs gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs n\u00eb Vietnam, por p\u00ebr rezultate thuhet vet\u00ebm se ato \"ishin t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqshme.\"<\/p>\n
Supozohet se Pol Robson n\u00eb vitin 1961 u helmuar nga BZ, gj\u00eb q\u00eb shkaktoi nj\u00eb sulm halucinacionesh dhe depresioni t\u00eb thell\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb shkurt 1998, Ministria e Mbrojtjes e Britanis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe akuzoi Irakun p\u00ebr ruajtjen e nj\u00eb sasie t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb agjentit antikolinergjik 'Agenti 15'. Agenti 15 supozohej t\u00eb ishte kimikisht ose identik me BZ-n\u00eb, ose t\u00eb lidhur ngusht me t\u00eb, dhe ishte ruajtur n\u00eb sasi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha deri n\u00eb muajt e par\u00eb t\u00eb luft\u00ebs n\u00eb Gjirin Persik. Megjithat\u00eb, pas luft\u00ebs, CIA arriti n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se Iraku nuk kishte grumbulluar ose nuk e kishte futur n\u00eb armatim Agjent 15.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb janar 2013, nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues i paidentifikuar i administrat\u00ebs amerikane, duke u referuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb telegrame t\u00eb papublikuar nga Departamenti i Shtetit amerikan, tha se \"kontaktonet siriane provokojn\u00eb bindsh\u00ebm se agjenti 15, nj\u00eb kimikat halucinogjen i ngjash\u00ebm me BZ, ishte p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb Homs.\" Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre raporteve, nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues zyrtar i K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Siguris\u00eb Komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb SHBA tha: \"Raportet q\u00eb kemi par\u00eb n\u00eb mediat p\u00ebr incidentet e supozuara me arm\u00eb kimike n\u00eb Siri, nuk p\u00ebrkojn\u00eb me at\u00eb q\u00eb ne besojm\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me programin sirian t\u00eb arm\u00ebve kimike.\" Q\u00eb kjo substanc\u00eb kimike gjithashtu thuhet se ishte p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb sulmet n\u00eb Guta n\u00eb gusht 2013.<\/p>\n
M\u00eb 14 prill 2018, ministri i pun\u00ebve t\u00eb jashtme t\u00eb RF, Sergey Lavrov, njoftoi se eksperti nga qendra zvicerane p\u00ebr analiz\u00ebn radiologjike dhe kimiko-radiologjike n\u00eb qytetin Shpic, e cila analizoi mostra t\u00eb Organizat\u00ebs p\u00ebr Ndales\u00ebn e Arm\u00ebve Kimike nga vendi i helmimit t\u00eb Sergey dhe Yulia Skripal n\u00eb Salisbury, zbuluan n\u00eb k\u00ebto mostra gjurm\u00eb BZ. N\u00eb dat\u00ebn 18 prill, n\u00eb mbledhjen e k\u00ebshillit ekzekutiv t\u00eb OZGJK, drejtoresha e tij, Ahmet Uzumdzhu, sqaroi se prekursori BZ ishte p\u00ebrdorur si nj\u00eb most\u00ebr kontrolli p\u00ebr t\u00eb verifikuar cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb laborator\u00ebve dhe nuk kishte lidhje me mostr\u00ebs nga Salisbury.<\/p>\n
Si\u00e7 raportohet, n\u00eb vitet 1988-1990, t\u00eb gjitha rezervat e BZ n\u00eb SHBA u eliminuan s\u00eb bashku me prodhimin industrial. Tani, e vetmja fabrik\u00eb eksperimentale n\u00eb planet, e cila ndodhet n\u00eb qytetin Edgewood (SHBA), lejon prodhimin deri n\u00eb 20 ton\/vit, nd\u00ebrsa jasht\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb, kapacitetet totale prodhuese nuk arrijn\u00eb as 1 ton\/vit, pasi problemi i prodhimit efikas t\u00eb prekursorit t\u00eb tij \u2014 3-hinuklidolit \u2014 nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjidhur asnj\u00ebher\u00eb. Thjesht k\u00ebshtu thon\u00eb, nuk e di. Por e di q\u00eb kan\u00eb pasur p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr z\u00ebvend\u00ebsim \u2014 m\u00eb e njohura \u00ebsht\u00eb dyt\u00ebrani.
\n\u0414\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d — \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430<\/b>![\"Rreth](\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/53981fa5911bc29d262169b3a8040308.jpg\")
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\nMendohet se me nj\u00eb doz\u00eb prej 5-15 mg kjo p\u00ebrzierje shkakton simptoma t\u00eb ngjashme me BZ, q\u00eb zhvillohen brenda nj\u00eb ore.<\/p>\n
Aktualisht, nuk ka asnj\u00eb substanc\u00eb psikotrope q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim zyrtar nga vendet e bot\u00ebs. Por duke v\u00ebzhguar disa ngjarje masive n\u00eb vendet p\u00ebrreth \u2014 jam shum\u00eb i dyshimt\u00eb n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu. Mund t\u00eb mos jen\u00eb n\u00eb duar t\u00eb ushtrive, por sh\u00ebrbimet sekrete sigurisht po punojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb historia q\u00eb erdhi. <\/p>\n
Do ta shohim n\u00ebse do t\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00eblqej\u00eb, %username%. K\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb votime \u2014 gjith\u00e7ka do t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb renditja e artikullit.<\/p>\n
Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, t\u00eb shtun\u00ebn do t\u00eb filloj\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr periudh\u00eb e udh\u00ebtimeve t\u00eb larg\u00ebta dhe jo aq t\u00eb larg\u00ebta \u2014 k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb do t\u00eb kem pak koh\u00eb p\u00ebr krijim \u2014 do t\u00eb shkoj n\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr pushim krijues. Dhe pasi koha \u00ebsht\u00eb e shkurt\u00ebr, dhe p\u00ebr momentin n\u00eb kok\u00eb kam vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb tregim m\u00eb shum\u00eb ose pak m\u00eb t\u00eb formuar p\u00ebr fosforin e verdh\u00eb dhe aksidentin n\u00ebn Lviv, i lidhur me t\u00eb, n\u00ebse rezulton se ende jam i interesuesh\u00ebm \u2014 do ta ndaj k\u00ebt\u00eb histori me ty.<\/p>\n
Por n\u00ebse jo \u2014 \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebj, p\u00ebrpiqem.<\/p>\n
Fat t\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe mos u s\u00ebmur! As fizikisht, as psiqikisht\u2026
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