{"id":33363,"date":"2019-10-31T21:52:11","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:52:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/chto-sejchas-proishodit-s-rdf-hranilishhami\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:52:11","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:52:11","slug":"chto-sejchas-proishodit-s-rdf-hranilishhami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chto-sejchas-proishodit-s-rdf-hranilishhami","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7far\u00eb po ndodh tani me depozitat RDF?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Webi Semantik dhe T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnat e Lidura jan\u00eb si hap\u00ebsira e af\u00ebrt: nuk ka jet\u00eb atje. P\u00ebr t\u00eb shkuar atje p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb... nuk e di \u00e7far\u00eb iu kan\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb kur ishit f\u00ebmij\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb \"dua t\u00eb b\u00ebhem astronaut\". Por mund t\u00eb v\u00ebzhgoni at\u00eb q\u00eb ndodh edhe duke qen\u00eb n\u00eb Tok\u00eb; t\u00eb b\u00ebhesh astronom amator ose edhe profesionist \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb e leht\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ky artikull do t\u00eb flas\u00eb p\u00ebr trendet e reja, q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra se disa muaj, nga bota e depozitave RDF. Metafora n\u00eb paragrafin e par\u00eb ishte frym\u00ebzuar nga nj\u00eb pamje reklamuese epike n\u00ebn kapak.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Pamja epike<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u00c7far\u00eb po ndodh tani me depozitat RDF?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/3d157fb2f771f3dc622dacc8dab0a9ee.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"i-graphql-dlya-dostupa-k-rdf\">I. GraphQL p\u00ebr qasje n\u00eb RDF<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zdnet.com\/article\/graphql-for-databases-a-layer-for-universal-database-access\/\">Thon\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>, se GraphQL pretendon t\u00eb b\u00ebhet gjuha universale e qasjes n\u00eb bazat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Po si q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb gj\u00ebrat me mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e qasjes duke p\u00ebrdorur GraphQL n\u00eb RDF?<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\"Nga kutia\" kjo mund\u00ebsi ofrohet nga:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stardog (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stardog.com\/blog\/graphql-and-paths\/\">blog<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stardog.com\/docs\/#_executing_graphql_queries\">dokumentacioni<\/a><\/noindex>);<\/li>\n<li>produktet TopQuadrant (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topquadrant.com\/2018\/07\/05\/graphql-webinar\/\">webinari<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topquadrant.com\/technology\/graphql\/\">dokumentacioni<\/a><\/noindex>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse depozita nuk ofron nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb till\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb e realizojn\u00eb vet\u00eb duke shkruar nj\u00eb \"zgjidh\u00ebs\" t\u00eb caktuar. K\u00ebshtu veproi, p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb projektin francez <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/framagit.org\/datatourisme\/api\/tree\/master\/src\/Resolver\">DataTourisme<\/a><\/noindex>. Ose tani nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb shkruani asgj\u00eb, thjesht merrni <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hypergraphql.org\/\">HyperGraphQL<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nga pik\u00ebpamja e nj\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebsi ortodoks t\u00eb Webit Semantik dhe T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb Lidura, e gjith\u00eb kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb sigurisht e trishtueshme, pasi duket e destinuar p\u00ebr integrimet q\u00eb ndodhin rreth data silo-ve t\u00eb tjera, dhe jo p\u00ebr ato platforma (sigurisht, depozitat RDF).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Impresionet nga krahasimi i GraphQL me SPARQL mbeten t\u00eb dyfishta.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, GraphQL duket si nj\u00eb kush\u00ebri i larg\u00ebt i SPARQL: n\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhen problemet tipike t\u00eb REST si mbivendosja dhe shum\u00ebllojshm\u00ebria e k\u00ebrkesave - pa t\u00eb, ndoshta nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb quhej <em>gjuh\u00eb k\u00ebrkese<\/em>, edhe pse p\u00ebr webin;<\/li>\n<li>Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, shqet\u00ebson struktura e rrept\u00eb e GraphQL. Sipas p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsis\u00eb, \"introspektiviteti\" i tij duket shum\u00eb i kufizuar krahasuar me refleksivitetin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb RDF. Dhe nuk ka asnj\u00eb ekuivalente p\u00ebr treget e pron\u00ebs, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb as nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e qart\u00eb pse quhet \"Graph-\".<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ii-adaptery-k-mongodb\">II. Adaptuesit p\u00ebr MongoDB<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tendenca, q\u00eb p\u00ebrputhet me t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>n\u00eb Stardog tani <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stardog.com\/blog\/native-mongodb-support-is-here\/\">\u00ebsht\u00eb i mundur<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 sidomos, gjithashtu n\u00eb GraphQL \u2014 to t\u00eb konfigurojn\u00eb shfaqjet e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave MongoDB n\u00eb grafet virtuale RDF;<\/li>\n<li>GraphDB s\u00eb fundmi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/graphdb.ontotext.com\/documentation\/8.8\/standard\/integrating-graphdb-with-mongodb.html\">mund\u00ebson<\/a><\/noindex> do t\u00eb fus\u00eb fragmente n\u00eb SPARQL nga MongoDB Query.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse flasim m\u00eb gjer\u00eb, p\u00ebr adapter\u00ebt e burimeve JSON, t\u00eb cilat lejojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb ose m\u00eb pak q\u00eb \"n\u00eb flak\u00eb\" t\u00eb paraqesin JSON-in e ruajtur n\u00eb k\u00ebto burime si RDF, mund t\u00eb kujtojm\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ci.mines-stetienne.fr\/sparql-generate\/\">SPARQL Generate<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili mund t\u00eb ngjitet <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/sparql-generate\/sparql-generate\">p\u00ebr shembull<\/a><\/noindex>, te Apache Jena.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhur dy trendet e para, mund t\u00eb themi se depozitat RDF tregojn\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri t\u00eb plot\u00eb p\u00ebr integrime dhe funksionim n\u00eb kushtet e \"ruajtjes shum\u00ebvariant\u00ebshe\" (polyglot persistence). Megjithat\u00eb, dihet se kjo e fundit nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb n\u00eb mod\u00eb dhe n\u00eb vend t\u00eb saj <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gartner.com\/en\/documents\/3105622\">po vjen<\/a><\/noindex> multimodeliteti. Si jan\u00eb pun\u00ebt me multimodelitetin n\u00eb bot\u00ebn e depozitave RDF?<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse e shohim shkurt, nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb tilla. Tem\u00ebs s\u00eb DBMS-ve multimodale do t'i kushtohet nj\u00eb artikull i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb; p\u00ebr momentin mund t\u00eb v\u00ebrejm\u00eb se nuk ka DBMS multimodale, \"t\u00eb bazuara\" n\u00eb modelin grafik (nj\u00eb variant i saj mund t\u00eb konsiderohet RDF). P\u00ebr nj\u00ebfar\u00eb multimodeliteti t\u00eb vog\u00ebl \u2014 mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr depozit\u00eb RDF p\u00ebr modelin grafik alternativ LPG \u2014 do t\u00eb flitet n\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"#v-podderzhka-lpg\">seksioni V<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"iii-oltp-vs-olap\">III. OLTP vs. OLAP<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Megjithat\u00eb, edhe Gartner <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gartner.com\/en\/documents\/3467318\">CNBC, n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn nga 2000 deri n\u00eb 2018 Facebook, Alphabet, Microsoft, Apple dhe Amazon kan\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb milion punonj\u00ebs t\u00eb rinj. T\u00eb tilla biznese akumullojn\u00eb mjaft burime, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 aktivitetit t\u00eb tyre kryesor, p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar k\u00ebrkime dhe zhvillime masive n\u00eb fusha t\u00eb reja, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb me rrezikshm\u00ebri t\u00eb lart\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, kompanit\u00eb formojn\u00eb dhe ekosistemin e tyre, brenda t\u00eb cilit p\u00ebrdoruesit i zgjidhin nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb problemesh - porositin menj\u00ebher\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha produktet e nevojshme, nga ushqimi deri te teknika, n\u00eb Amazon. Sipas parashikimeve t\u00eb analist\u00ebve, deri n\u00eb vitin 2021 ai<\/a><\/noindex>, q\u00eb multimodeliteti \u00ebsht\u00eb kushti sine qua non, s\u00eb pari p\u00ebr <em>DBMS operativ<\/em> . Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb: n\u00eb situat\u00ebn e \"ruajtjes shum\u00ebvariant\u00ebshe\" problemet kryesore lindin me tranzakcionin.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Por ku ndodhen depozit\u00eb RDF n\u00eb shkall\u00ebn OLTP\u2014OLAP? Do t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjesha k\u00ebshtu: as atje, as k\u00ebtu. P\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar at\u00eb q\u00eb ata jan\u00eb t\u00eb destinuar, na nevojitet ndonj\u00eb akronim i tret\u00eb. Si mund\u00ebsi do t\u00eb sugjeroja <em>OLIP<\/em> \u2014 Procesim Intelektual Online.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Megjithat\u00eb, nj\u00eblloj:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>mekanizmat e integrimit t\u00eb zbatuar n\u00eb GraphDB nuk jan\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pak\u00ebt <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ontotext.com\/company\/news\/ontotexts-graphdb-8-8-0-enriches-the-knowledge-graph-experience\/\">t\u00eb destinuara<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr t\u00eb anashkaluar problemet me performanc\u00ebn e shkrimit;<\/li>\n<li>Stardog shkon edhe m\u00eb tej dhe plot\u00ebsisht <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stardog.com\/blog\/announcing-stardog-7-beta\/\">rishkruan<\/a><\/noindex> motorin, gjithmon\u00eb me q\u00ebllimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur performanc\u00ebn e shkrimit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tani lejoni t\u00eb paraqes nj\u00eb lojtar t\u00eb ri n\u00eb treg. nga krijuesit e IBM Netezza dhe Amazon Redshift \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridgesemantics.com\/product\/anzograph\/\">AnzoGraph<\/a><\/noindex>. Imazhi nga reklama e produktit mbi t\u00eb cilin bazohet \u00ebsht\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb artikullit. AnzoGraph pozicionohet si nj\u00eb zgjidhje GOLAP. Si ju duket SPARQL me funksione dritare? \u2014<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"sql\">SELECT ?month (COUNT(?event) OVER (PARTITION BY ?month) AS ?events) WHERE { \u2026 }<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"iv-rocksdb\">IV. RocksDB<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>M\u00eb lart tashm\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stardog.com\/blog\/announcing-stardog-7-beta\/\">ishte lidhja<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb njoftimin p\u00ebr Stardog 7 Beta, ku u tha se Stardog do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb si sistem ruajtjeje RockDB \u2014 nj\u00eb ruajtje \"\u00e7el\u00ebs-vler\u00eb\", fork i Facebook-ut nga LevelDB i Google. Pse tashm\u00eb duhet t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr nj\u00eb tendenc\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar?<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>S\u00eb pari, duke gjykuar nga <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RocksDB#Alternative_backend\">artikulli n\u00eb Wikipedia<\/a><\/noindex>, n\u00eb RocksDB \u00abtransplantohen\u00bb jo vet\u00ebm magazinat RDF. Ka projekte p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e RocksDB si motor ruajtjeje n\u00eb ArangoDB, MongoDB, MySQL dhe MariaDB, Cassandra.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>S\u00eb dyti, n\u00eb RocksDB b\u00ebhen projekte (dometh\u00ebn\u00eb, jo produkte) t\u00eb tematik\u00ebs p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr shembull, eBay p\u00ebrdor RocksDB n\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/eBay\/beam\">platform\u00ebn<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr \u00abgrafikun e njohurive\u00bb t\u00eb tij. Nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, \u00ebsht\u00eb interesante t\u00eb lexosh: <em>gjuha e pyetjeve filloi si nj\u00eb format i krijuar brenda, por s\u00eb fundmi ka kaluar n\u00eb nj\u00eb format m\u00eb t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm me SPARQL<\/em>. Ashtu si\u00e7 thot\u00eb nj\u00eb anekdot\u00eb: sa her\u00eb q\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb grafik njohurish, gjithmon\u00eb rezulton n\u00eb RDF.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb shembull tjet\u00ebr \u2014 sh\u00ebrbimi i pyetjeve p\u00ebr historin\u00eb e Wikidata-s, i cili u shfaq disa muaj m\u00eb par\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Wikidata:History_Query_Service\">. Para se t\u00eb shfaqej, p\u00ebr informacionin historik t\u00eb Wikidata-s duhej t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohej p\u00ebrmes<\/a><\/noindex>MWAPI <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mediawiki.org\/wiki\/Wikidata_Query_Service\/User_Manual\/MWAPI\">nga API standard i Mediawiki. Tani, shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra jan\u00eb t\u00eb mundshme n\u00eb SPARQL t\u00eb past\u00ebr. \u00abN\u00ebn kapak\u00bb aty gjithashtu ka RocksDB. N\u00eb fakt, WDHQS-ja u b\u00eb nga nj\u00eb person q\u00eb merrej me importin e Freebase n\u00eb Google Knowledge Graph.<\/a><\/noindex> V. Mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr LPG<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"v-podderzhka-lpg\">Kujtoj dallimin kryesor midis grafik\u00ebve LPG dhe grafik\u00ebve RDF.<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb LPG, pron\u00ebsit\u00eb skalar\u00eb mund t\u00eb ngjiten n\u00eb instancat e shirita-ve, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb RDF ato mund t\u00eb ngjiten vet\u00ebm n\u00eb \u00abtipet\u00bb e shirita-ve (nd\u00ebrsa jo vet\u00ebm pron\u00ebsi skalar\u00eb, por edhe lidhje t\u00eb zakonshme). Kjo kufizim i RDF n\u00eb krahasim me LPG<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>shk\u00ebputet <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/swbp-n-aryRelations\/\">n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet teknikave t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb modelimit. Kufizimi i LPG n\u00eb krahasim me RDF \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb tejkalohet, por grafik\u00ebt LPG jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm se grafik\u00ebt RDF me imazhet nga libri i Hararit, prandaj njer\u00ebzit i duan.<\/a><\/noindex> E qart\u00eb, detyra e \u00abmb\u00ebshtetjes s\u00eb LPG\u00bb ndahet n\u00eb dy pjes\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>ndryshimi i modelit RDF p\u00ebr t\u00eb mund\u00ebsuar imitimin e strukturave LPG n\u00eb t\u00eb;<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>ndryshimi i gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pyetjeve p\u00ebr RDF p\u00ebr t\u00eb mund\u00ebsuar qasje n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb model t\u00eb ndryshuar \u2014 ose implementimi i mund\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb pyetje n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb model n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebt e njohura t\u00eb pyetjeve p\u00ebr LPG.<\/li>\n<li>V.1. Modeli i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"v1--model-dannyh\">K\u00ebtu ekzistojn\u00eb disa qasje t\u00eb mundshme.<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V.1.1. Pron\u00ebsia Singleton<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Qasja m\u00eb e drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb p\u00ebr harmonizimin e RDF-s\u00eb dhe LPG-s\u00eb \u2014 ndoshta \u00ebsht\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>pron\u00ebsia singleton <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4350149\/\">N\u00eb vend t\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull, predicate-it<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>:isMarriedTo <code>p\u00ebrdoren predicate t\u00eb tjera<\/code> :isMarriedTo1 <code>:isMarriedTo2<\/code>, <code>Pastaj k\u00ebto predicate b\u00ebhen subjekte t\u00eb tripleteve t\u00eb reja:<\/code> etj.<\/li>\n<li>:isMarriedTo1 :since \"2013-09-13\"^^xsd:date <code>:isMarriedTo1 :q\u00eb nga &quot;2013-09-13&quot;^^xsd:date<\/code> Lidhja e k\u00ebtyre instancave t\u00eb predicate-ve me predicate-n e p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm vendoset me tripleta t\u00eb tipit<\/li>\n<li>:isMarriedTo1 rdf:singletonPropertyOf :isMarriedTo <code>E qart\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>rdf:singletonPropertyOf rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:type <code>, por mendoni pse nuk duhet t\u00eb shkruani thjesht<\/code>:isMarriedTo1 rdf:type :isMarriedTo <code>:isMarriedTo1 rdf:type :isMarriedTo<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Detyra e \"mb\u00ebshtetjes LPG\" zgjidhet k\u00ebtu n\u00eb nivelin RDFS. Nj\u00eb zgjidhje e till\u00eb k\u00ebrkon nd\u00ebrrime n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/rdf-schema\/\">ACME, i cili automatizon marrjen e certifikatave SSL. Ai do t\u00eb shtoj\u00eb mekanizma t\u00eb tjer\u00eb p\u00ebr verifikimin e pronarit t\u00eb sitit. M\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me t\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>. Disa ndryshime mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohen nga dyqanet RDF q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtesin bashkimin e pasojave, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrmomentin Pasuria Singleton mund t\u00eb perceptohet thjesht si nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr teknik\u00eb modelimi.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>V.1.2. Rridhja e Reifikimit<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Qasjet m\u00eb pak naive burojn\u00eb nga kuptimi se instancat e pronave mund t\u00eb instancohen duke p\u00ebrdorur trepeta. Duke pasur mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb di\u00e7ka p\u00ebr trepetat, do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb flasim edhe p\u00ebr instancat e pronave.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Qasja m\u00eb e fort\u00eb nga k\u00ebto \u00ebsht\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1409.3288\">RDF*<\/a><\/noindex>, e cila quhet RDR, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.blazegraph.com\/wiki\/index.php\/Reification_Done_Right\">e lindur<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb thell\u00ebsit\u00eb e Blazegraph. Nga fillimi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.cambridgesemantics.com\/anzograph\/userdoc\/lpgs.htm\">u zgjodh<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr vete dhe AnzoGraph. Fort\u00ebsia e qasjes p\u00ebrcaktohet nga se n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb saj <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1406.3399\">ofrohen<\/a><\/noindex> ndryshime p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse n\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/rdf11-mt\/\">Semantikat RDF<\/a><\/noindex>. Sidoqoft\u00eb, thelbi \u00ebsht\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht i thjesht\u00eb. N\u00eb serializimin Turtle t\u00eb RDF tani mund t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb di\u00e7ka si:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">&lt;&lt;:bob :isMarriedTo :alice&gt;&gt; :q\u00eb nga &quot;2013-09-13&quot;^^xsd:date .<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>V.1.3. Qasje t\u00eb tjera<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsohemi rreth semantik\u00ebs formale, por thjesht t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb se trepetat kan\u00eb disa identifikues, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt natyrisht jan\u00eb URI, dhe t\u00eb krijojm\u00eb trepe t\u00eb reja me k\u00ebto URI. Mjafton t\u00eb ofrojm\u00eb akses n\u00eb k\u00ebto URI n\u00eb SPARQL. K\u00ebshtu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stardog.com\/docs\/#_motivation_implementation\">veprohet<\/a><\/noindex> Stardog. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb Allegrograph <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/franz.com\/agraph\/support\/documentation\/current\/triple-attributes.html\">shkuan<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse. Dihet se identifikuesit e trepeta n\u00eb Allegrograph <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/franz.com\/agraph\/support\/documentation\/current\/triple-index.html\">\u00ebsht\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>, por n\u00eb zbatimin e atributeve triple ata nuk shfaqen. Megjithat\u00eb, edhe p\u00ebr semantik\u00ebn formale, jemi shum\u00eb larg. Nj\u00eb aspekt interesant \u00ebsht\u00eb se atributet e trepeta nuk jan\u00eb URI, dhe vlerat e k\u00ebtyre atributeve gjithashtu mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb vet\u00ebm literale. Ndjek\u00ebsit e LPG fitojn\u00eb sakt\u00ebsisht at\u00eb q\u00eb d\u00ebshironin. N\u00eb nj\u00eb format t\u00eb shpikur t\u00eb quajtur NQX, nj\u00eb shembull, i ngjash\u00ebm me at\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebsip\u00ebrm p\u00ebr RDF*, duket k\u00ebshtu:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">:bob :martuarMe :alice {&quot;q\u00eb nga&quot; : &quot;2013-09-13&quot;}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"v2-yazyki-zaprosov\">V.2. Gjuh\u00ebt e k\u00ebrkimeve<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pasi t\u00eb kemi mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb ose tjet\u00ebr LPG n\u00eb nivelin e modelit, duhet t\u00eb ofrojm\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb nj\u00eb model t\u00eb till\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blazegraph mb\u00ebshtet k\u00ebrkime ndaj RDF* p\u00ebrmes <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.blazegraph.com\/wiki\/index.php\/Reification_Done_Right\">SPARQL*.<\/a><\/noindex> dhe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/blazegraph\/tinkerpop3\/blob\/master\/README.md\">Gremlin<\/a><\/noindex>Nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb p\u00ebr SPARQL* duket k\u00ebshtu:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"sql\"> SELECT * { &lt;&gt; :since ?since }<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>AnzoGraph gjithashtu mb\u00ebshtet <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.cambridgesemantics.com\/anzograph\/userdoc\/lpgs.htm\">SPARQL*.<\/a><\/noindex> dhe planifikon t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridgesemantics.com\/cambridge-semantics-adds-opencypher-anzograph-2\/\">Cypher<\/a><\/noindex>, gjuha e k\u00ebrkimeve n\u00eb Neo4j. <\/li>\n<li>Stardog mb\u00ebshtet nj\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stardog.com\/docs\/#_integration_with_sparql_2\">zgjerim<\/a><\/noindex> SPARQL dhe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stardog.com\/docs\/#_example_2\">p\u00ebrs\u00ebri,<\/a><\/noindex> Gremlin. T\u00eb ardhura n\u00eb SPARQL URI t\u00eb trepet\u00ebs dhe informacionin \"meta\" mund t\u00eb arrihen p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb konstrukti t\u00eb till\u00eb:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"sql\">SELECT * {\n    BIND (stardog:identifier(:bob, :isMarriedTo, ?wife) AS ?id)\n    ?id :since ?since\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Allegrograph gjithashtu mb\u00ebshtet nj\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/franz.com\/agraph\/support\/documentation\/current\/triple-attributes.html#Querying-Attributes-using-SPARQL\">zgjerim<\/a><\/noindex> SPARQL:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"sql\"> ZGJO B\u00cbR\u00cb { (&quot;q\u00eb nga&quot; ?since)  franz:attributesNameValue  ( :bob :martuarMe ?grua ) }<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb, GraphDB p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb mb\u00ebshteste Tinkerpop\/Gremlin, pa mb\u00ebshtetur LPG, por n\u00eb versionin 8.0 ose 8.1 kjo ndaloi.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"vi-uzhestochenie-licenziy\">VI. Shtimi i licencave<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nuk ka pasur asnj\u00eb shtes\u00eb n\u00eb kryq\u00ebzimin e grupeve \u00abtriplestore of choice\u00bb dhe \u00abopen source triplestore\u00bb koh\u00ebt e fundit. N\u00eb ndihm\u00ebt RDF me kod t\u00eb hapur, jan\u00eb larg p\u00ebr t'u b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjedhje e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorim t\u00eb p\u00ebrditsh\u00ebm, dhe kodi burimor i ndihmave t\u00eb reja RDF, t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb donim t'i p\u00ebrdornim (si AnzoGraph), \u00ebsht\u00eb i mbyllur. M\u00eb shum\u00eb mund t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr zvog\u00eblimet\u2026<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Sigurisht, kodi burimor i hapur nuk mbyllet, por disa depo me kod t\u00eb hapur gradualisht po ndalen s\u00eb qeni zgjedhje t\u00eb denja. Virtuoso, i cili ka nj\u00eb version opensource, sipas mendimit tim, po fundoset n\u00eb bugs. Blazegraph u ble nga AWS dhe u b\u00eb baza p\u00ebr Amazon Neptune; tani nuk dihet n\u00ebse do t\u00eb ket\u00eb ndonj\u00eb version tjet\u00ebr. Nd\u00ebrsa mbetet vet\u00ebm Jena\u2026<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse kodi burimor i hapur nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, por thjesht d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb provosh, gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb po ashtu m\u00eb pak e g\u00ebzueshme sesa m\u00eb par\u00eb. P\u00ebr shembull:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stardog <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/community.stardog.com\/t\/update-to-enterprise-and-community-trials\/1533\">ndalon<\/a><\/noindex> shp\u00ebrndarjen e versionit falas (megjithat\u00eb, periudha provuese e zakonshme \u00ebsht\u00eb dyfishuar);<\/li>\n<li>n\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cloud.ontotext.com\/\">GraphDB Cloud<\/a><\/noindex>, ku m\u00eb par\u00eb mund t\u00eb zgjidhje planin baz\u00eb falas, \u00ebsht\u00eb pezulluar regjistrimi i p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb rinj.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, p\u00ebr IT-shin e zakonsh\u00ebm, kozmosi b\u00ebhet gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb i paarritsh\u00ebm, dhe m\u00ebsimi i tij b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb privilegj p\u00ebr korporatat.<\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/451206\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Semantic Web \u0438 Linked Data \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0443: \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u00a0\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435-\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a\u2026 \u043d\u0443, \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u00bb. \u041d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0417\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435; \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043c-\u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435. \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0445, \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":25082,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - 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