{"id":33377,"date":"2019-10-31T21:52:15","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:52:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/tehnicheskie-podrobnosti-nedavnego-otklyucheniya-dopolnenij-v-firefox\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:52:15","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:52:15","slug":"tehnicheskie-podrobnosti-nedavnego-otklyucheniya-dopolnenij-v-firefox","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/tehnicheskie-podrobnosti-nedavnego-otklyucheniya-dopolnenij-v-firefox","title":{"rendered":"Detajet teknike t\u00eb \u00e7aktivizimit t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb shtesave n\u00eb Firefox","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><i>Sh\u00ebnim i p\u00ebrkthyesit: p\u00ebr leht\u00ebsin\u00eb e lexuesve, datat jan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb sipas koh\u00ebs s\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs<\/i><\/p>\n<p>S\u00eb fundmi na shp\u00ebtoi pa u v\u00ebn\u00eb re skadimi i nj\u00ebrit prej certifikatave q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr n\u00ebnshkrimin e shtesave. Kjo \u00e7oi n\u00eb \u00e7aktivizimin e shtesave te p\u00ebrdoruesit. Tani q\u00eb problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjidhur n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe, dua t\u00eb tregoj m\u00eb n\u00eb holl\u00ebsi \u00e7far\u00eb ndodhi dhe \u00e7far\u00eb pune u b\u00eb.\n<\/p>\n<p><b>Sfondi: shtesat dhe n\u00ebnshkrimet<\/b><\/p>\n<p><noindex>Edhe pse shum\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin shfletuesin &#171;jasht\u00eb kutis\u00eb&#187;, Firefox mb\u00ebshtet shtesa t\u00eb quajtura &#171;plagjin\u00eb&#187;. Me to, p\u00ebrdoruesit shtojn\u00eb funksionalitete t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb shfletues. Ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 15 mij\u00eb plagina: nga <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/addons.mozilla.org\/en-US\/firefox\/addon\/ublock-origin\/\">bllokimi i reklamave<\/a> n\u00eb <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/addons.mozilla.org\/en-US\/firefox\/addon\/tree-style-tab\/\">menaxhimi i qindra skedave<\/a>.<\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Shtesat e instaluara duhet t\u00eb ken\u00eb <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.mozilla.org\/addons\/2015\/02\/10\/extension-signing-safer-experience\/\">n\u00ebnshkrim dixhital<\/a>, i cili i mbron p\u00ebrdoruesit nga shtesat keqdash\u00ebse dhe k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb verifikim minimal t\u00eb shtesave nga punonj\u00ebsit e Mozilla. K\u00ebt\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb e vendos\u00ebm n\u00eb vitin 2015, sepse kishim <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.mozilla.org\/addons\/2015\/04\/15\/the-case-for-extension-signing\/\">probleme serioze<\/a> me shtesat keqdash\u00ebse.<\/p>\n<p>Si funksionon: \u00e7do kopje e Firefox p\u00ebrmban &#171;certifikat\u00ebn rr\u00ebnj\u00eb&#187;. \u00c7el\u00ebsi i k\u00ebsaj &#171;rr\u00ebnjeje&#187; ruhet n\u00eb <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hardware_security_module\">modulin e mbrojtjes harduerike (HSM)<\/a>, pa akses n\u00eb rrjet. \u00c7do disa vite, ky \u00e7el\u00ebs p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruar nj\u00eb &#171;certifikat\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse&#187; t\u00eb re, e cila p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr n\u00ebnshkrimin e plagjinave. Kur nj\u00eb zhvillues d\u00ebrgon nj\u00eb plagjin\u00eb, ne krijojm\u00eb nj\u00eb &#171;certifikat\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimtare&#187; t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme dhe e n\u00ebnshkruajm\u00eb at\u00eb duke p\u00ebrdorur certifikat\u00ebn nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse. Pastaj, certifikata p\u00ebrfundimtare n\u00ebnshkruan plagjin\u00ebn vet\u00eb. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb skematike <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/hacks.mozilla.org\/files\/2019\/05\/Add-on-blog-post-visual-May-7-2019-768x859.png\">duket k\u00ebshtu<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Vini re: \u00e7do certifikat\u00eb ka nj\u00eb &#171;s subjekt&#187; (k\u00eb kujtohet certifikata) dhe nj\u00eb &#171;emisor&#187; (kush e l\u00ebshoi certifikat\u00ebn). N\u00eb rastin e certifikat\u00ebs rr\u00ebnj\u00eb, &#171;subjekti&#187; = &#171;emisor&#187;, por p\u00ebr certifikata t\u00eb tjera, emisor i certifikat\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb subjekti i certifikat\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, me t\u00eb cilin ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruar.<\/p>\n<p>Pik\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme: \u00e7do shtes\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruhet me nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb fundore unike, por pothuajse gjithmon\u00eb k\u00ebto certifikata fundore n\u00ebnshkruhen nga e nj\u00ebjta certifikat\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse.<\/p>\n<p><i>Sh\u00ebnim i autorit: p\u00ebrjashtim b\u00ebjn\u00eb shtesat shum\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra. N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebrdoreshin certifikata t\u00eb ndryshme nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Ky certifikat\u00eb i nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebm shkaktoi probleme: \u00e7do certifikat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e vlefshme vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar. Para ose pas k\u00ebsaj periudhe, certifikata \u00ebsht\u00eb e pavlefshme dhe shfletuesi nuk do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb shtojcat e n\u00ebnshkruara me k\u00ebt\u00eb certifikat\u00eb. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, vlefshm\u00ebria e certifikat\u00ebs s\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjetme skadoi m\u00eb 4 maj n\u00eb or\u00ebn 4 t\u00eb m\u00ebngjesit.<\/p>\n<p>Pasojat nuk u shfaq\u00ebn menj\u00ebher\u00eb. Firefox nuk i verifikon vazhdimisht n\u00ebnshkrimet e shtojcave t\u00eb instaluara, por af\u00ebrsisht nj\u00eb her\u00eb n\u00eb 24 or\u00eb, dhe koha e kontrollit \u00ebsht\u00eb individuale p\u00ebr secilin p\u00ebrdorues. Si rezultat, disa p\u00ebrdorues i has\u00ebn problemet menj\u00ebher\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb tjer\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb. P\u00ebr problemin m\u00ebsuam p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb af\u00ebrsisht n\u00eb momentin kur skadoi certifikata dhe menj\u00ebher\u00eb nis\u00ebm t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonim nj\u00eb zgjidhje.<\/p>\n<p>\n<b>Po kufizojm\u00eb d\u00ebmin<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Sapo kuptuam se \u00e7far\u00eb kishte ndodhur, u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebm t\u00eb mos lejonim p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsimin e situat\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00eb pari, ndaluam pranimin dhe n\u00ebnshkrimin e shtojcave t\u00eb reja. Nuk ka kuptim t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb e skaduar. Duke e par\u00eb tani n\u00eb retrospektiv\u00eb, do t\u00eb thosha se gjith\u00e7ka mund t\u00eb ishte l\u00ebn\u00eb si\u00e7 ishte. Tani pranimi i shtojcave \u00ebsht\u00eb rifilluar.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00eb dyti, d\u00ebrguam menj\u00ebher\u00eb nj\u00eb korrigjim q\u00eb parandaloi kontrollin e p\u00ebrditsh\u00ebm t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrimeve. K\u00ebshtu, i shp\u00ebtuam ata p\u00ebrdorues te t\u00eb cil\u00ebt shfletuesi ende nuk kishte arritur t\u2019i kontrollonte shtojcat gjat\u00eb 24 or\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit. Tani ky korrigjim \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr, sepse nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n<p>\n<b>Pun\u00eb paralele<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Teorikisht, zgjidhja e problemit duket e thjesht\u00eb: krijojm\u00eb nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb vlefshme t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjetme dhe n\u00ebnshkruajm\u00eb s\u00ebrish \u00e7do shtojc\u00eb. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, kjo nuk do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>nuk mund t\u2019i rin\u00ebnshkruajm\u00eb shpejt 15 mij\u00eb shtojca nj\u00ebher\u00ebsh, sepse sistemi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb projektuar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb\n<\/li>\n<li>pasi t\u2019i n\u00ebnshkruajm\u00eb shtojcat, versionet e p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuara duhet t\u2019u dor\u00ebzohen p\u00ebrdoruesve. Shumica e shtojcave instalohen nga server\u00ebt e Mozilla, prandaj gjat\u00eb 24 or\u00ebve t\u00eb ardhshme Firefox do t\u2019i gjej\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimet, por disa zhvillues i shp\u00ebrndajn\u00eb shtojcat e n\u00ebnshkruara p\u00ebrmes kanaleve t\u00eb pal\u00ebve t\u00eb treta, ndaj p\u00ebrdoruesit do t\u00eb duhej t\u2019i p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsonin ato manualisht<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebm t\u00eb zhvillonim nj\u00eb korrigjim q\u00eb do t\u00eb arrinte te t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit, pa k\u00ebrkuar prej tyre asnj\u00eb veprim ose pothuajse asnj\u00eb veprim.<\/p>\n<p>Shum\u00eb shpejt arrit\u00ebm te dy strategjit\u00eb kryesore, t\u00eb cilat i p\u00ebrdor\u00ebm paralelisht:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsonim Firefox-in p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar afatin e vlefshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb certifikat\u00ebs. Kjo do t'i b\u00ebnte shtesat ekzistuese t\u00eb funksiononin s\u00ebrish si me magji, por do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte publikimin dhe shp\u00ebrndarjen e nj\u00eb build-i t\u00eb ri t\u00eb Firefox\n<\/li>\n<li>T\u00eb krijonim nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb t\u00eb vlefshme dhe disi ta bindnim Firefox-in ta pranonte at\u00eb n\u00eb vend t\u00eb certifikat\u00ebs ekzistuese, afati i s\u00eb cil\u00ebs kishte skaduar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vendos\u00ebm fillimisht t\u00eb p\u00ebrdornim opsionin e par\u00eb, i cili dukej plot\u00ebsisht i zbatuesh\u00ebm. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb dit\u00ebs publikuam edhe zgjidhjen e dyt\u00eb (certifikat\u00ebn e re), p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn do t\u00eb flasim m\u00eb posht\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>\n<b>Z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimi i certifikat\u00ebs<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Si\u00e7 e p\u00ebrmenda m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, k\u00ebrkohej:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>t\u00eb krijohej nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb e re e vlefshme\n<\/li>\n<li>t\u00eb instalohej ajo nga distanca n\u00eb Firefox\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar pse kjo do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb, le t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb m\u00eb nga af\u00ebr procesin e verifikimit t\u00eb shtes\u00ebs. Vet\u00eb shtesa shp\u00ebrndahet si nj\u00eb grup skedar\u00ebsh, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb zinxhirin e certifikatave q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr n\u00ebnshkrim. Si rezultat, shtesa mund t\u00eb verifikohet n\u00ebse shfletuesi e njeh certifikat\u00ebn rr\u00ebnj\u00eb, e cila integrohet n\u00eb Firefox gjat\u00eb build-it. Megjithat\u00eb, si\u00e7 e dim\u00eb tashm\u00eb, certifikata nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse ka skaduar, ndaj verifikimi i shtes\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb i pamundur.<\/p>\n<p>Kur Firefox p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb verifikoj\u00eb nj\u00eb shtes\u00eb, ai nuk kufizohet vet\u00ebm te p\u00ebrdorimi i certifikatave q\u00eb ndodhen brenda vet\u00eb shtes\u00ebs. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, shfletuesi p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb nj\u00eb zinxhir t\u00eb vlefsh\u00ebm certifikatash, duke nisur nga certifikata p\u00ebrfundimtare dhe duke vazhduar derisa t\u00eb arrij\u00eb te certifikata rr\u00ebnj\u00eb. N\u00eb nivelin e par\u00eb niset nga certifikata p\u00ebrfundimtare, e m\u00eb pas gjendet certifikata, subjekti i s\u00eb cil\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebshuesi i certifikat\u00ebs p\u00ebrfundimtare (pra, certifikata nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse). Zakonisht kjo certifikat\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse vjen s\u00eb bashku me shtes\u00ebn, por n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rol mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret edhe \u00e7do certifikat\u00eb nga depoja e certifikatave t\u00eb shfletuesit. N\u00ebse arrijm\u00eb t\u00eb shtojm\u00eb nga distanca nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb vlefshme n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb depo, Firefox do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqet ta p\u00ebrdor\u00eb at\u00eb. <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/hacks.mozilla.org\/files\/2019\/05\/Add-on-blog-post-visual-2-May-7-2019.png\">Situata para dhe pas instalimit t\u00eb certifikat\u00ebs s\u00eb re<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Pas instalimit t\u00eb certifikat\u00ebs s\u00eb re, Firefox do t\u00eb ket\u00eb dy mund\u00ebsi kur verifikon zinxhirin e certifikatave: t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb certifikat\u00ebn e vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb pavlefshme (e cila nuk do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb), ose t\u00eb ren\u00eb t\u00eb vlefshme (e cila do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb). E r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb certifikata e re p\u00ebrmban t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin em\u00ebr subjekti dhe t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin \u00e7el\u00ebs publik si certifikata e vjet\u00ebr, ndaj n\u00ebnshkrimi i saj n\u00eb certifikat\u00ebn p\u00ebrfundimtare do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i vlefsh\u00ebm. Firefox \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm i zgjuar sa t\u00eb provoj\u00eb t\u00eb dyja mund\u00ebsit\u00eb derisa t\u00eb gjej\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb funksionon, prandaj shtesat do t\u00eb verifikohen s\u00ebrish. Vini re se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e nj\u00ebjta logjik\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim p\u00ebr verifikimin e certifikatave TLS.<\/p>\n<p><i>Sh\u00ebnim i autorit: lexuesit q\u00eb njohin WebPKI do t\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb re se certifikatat e kryq\u00ebzuara funksionojn\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn m\u00ebnyr\u00eb.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Pjesa m\u00eb e mir\u00eb e k\u00ebtij rregullimi \u00ebsht\u00eb se nuk k\u00ebrkon rin\u00ebnshkrimin e shtesave ekzistuese. Sapo shfletuesi t\u00eb marr\u00eb certifikat\u00ebn e re, t\u00eb gjitha shtesat do t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb s\u00ebrish. Sfida q\u00eb mbetet \u00ebsht\u00eb dor\u00ebzimi i certifikat\u00ebs s\u00eb re te p\u00ebrdoruesit (automatikisht dhe nga distanca), si edhe detyrimi i Firefox q\u00eb t\u00eb riverifikoj\u00eb shtesat e \u00e7aktivizuara.<\/p>\n<p>\n<b>Normandy dhe sistemi i studimeve<\/b><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr ironi, ky problem zgjidhet nga nj\u00eb plagjin\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb e quajtur &#171;sistemore&#187;. P\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer hulumtime, zhvilluam nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb quajtur Normandy, i cili d\u00ebrgon k\u00ebrkesa te p\u00ebrdoruesit. K\u00ebto k\u00ebrkesa kryhen automatikisht n\u00eb shfletues dhe kan\u00eb akses t\u00eb zgjeruar n\u00eb API-t\u00eb e brendshme t\u00eb Firefox. K\u00ebrkimet mund t\u00eb shtojn\u00eb certifikata t\u00eb reja n\u00eb magazin\u00ebn e certifikatave.<\/p>\n<p><i>Sh\u00ebnim i autorit: ne nuk po shtojm\u00eb nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb me ndonj\u00eb privilegj t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb; ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruar nga certifikata rr\u00ebnj\u00eb, prandaj Firefox i beson. Ne thjesht po e shtojm\u00eb at\u00eb n\u00eb grupin e certifikatave q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren nga shfletuesi.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>K\u00ebshtu, zgjidhja \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb krijohet nj\u00eb studim:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>q\u00eb u instalon p\u00ebrdoruesve certifikat\u00ebn e re q\u00eb kemi krijuar\n<\/li>\n<li>q\u00eb e detyron shfletuesin t\u00eb riverifikoj\u00eb shtesat e \u00e7aktivizuara, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb s\u00ebrish\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#171;Por prit&#187;, &#8212; do t\u00eb thoni ju, &#171;plagjinat nuk funksionojn\u00eb, si t\u00eb aktivizojm\u00eb plagjin\u00ebn sistemore?&#187;. Ta n\u00ebnshkruajm\u00eb at\u00eb me nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb t\u00eb re!<\/p>\n<p>\n<b>Le t\u2019i bashkojm\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha\u2026 pse po zgjat kaq shum\u00eb?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Pra, plani ishte ky: t\u00eb l\u00ebshonim nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb t\u00eb re p\u00ebr t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar t\u00eb vjetr\u00ebn, t\u00eb krijonim nj\u00eb shtes\u00eb sistemi dhe t\u2019ua instalonim p\u00ebrdoruesve p\u00ebrmes Normandy. Problemet, si\u00e7 e p\u00ebrmenda, nis\u00ebn m\u00eb 4 maj n\u00eb or\u00ebn 4:00, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb 12:44 t\u00eb po asaj dite, pra n\u00eb m\u00eb pak se 9 or\u00eb, ne d\u00ebrguam rregullimin n\u00eb Normandy. U desh\u00ebn edhe 6-12 or\u00eb t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb ai t\u00eb arrinte te t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit. Kjo tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft mir\u00eb, por p\u00ebrdoruesit n\u00eb Twitter pyesin pse nuk mund t\u00eb vepronim m\u00eb shpejt.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00eb pari, duhej koh\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb l\u00ebshuar nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb t\u00eb re nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse. Si\u00e7 e p\u00ebrmenda m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, \u00e7el\u00ebsi i certifikat\u00ebs rr\u00ebnj\u00eb ruhet offline n\u00eb nj\u00eb modul harduerik sigurie. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e mir\u00eb nga pik\u00ebpamja e siguris\u00eb, sepse certifikata rr\u00ebnj\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret shum\u00eb rrall\u00eb dhe duhet t\u00eb mbrohet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb besueshme, por \u00ebsht\u00eb disi e pap\u00ebrshtatshme kur duhet t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruhet urgjentisht nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb e re. Nj\u00ebrit prej inxhinier\u00ebve tan\u00eb iu desh t\u00eb shkonte n\u00eb vendin ku ruhej HSM. M\u00eb pas pati p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb pasuksesshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb l\u00ebshuar certifikat\u00ebn e duhur dhe secila p\u00ebrpjekje kushtonte nj\u00eb deri n\u00eb dy or\u00eb t\u00eb shpenzuara p\u00ebr testim.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00eb dyti, zhvillimi i shtes\u00ebs s\u00eb sistemit mori gjithashtu pak koh\u00eb. N\u00eb aspektin konceptual kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e thjesht\u00eb, por edhe programet e thjeshta k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb kujdes. Ne donim t\u00eb siguroheshim q\u00eb t\u00eb mos e p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsonim edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb situat\u00ebn. Zgjidhja duhej testuar p\u00ebrpara se t\u2019u d\u00ebrgohej p\u00ebrdoruesve. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, shtesa duhej t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruhej, por sistemi yn\u00eb i n\u00ebnshkrimit t\u00eb shtesave ishte \u00e7aktivizuar, ndaj u desh t\u00eb gjendej nj\u00eb rrug\u00eb alternative.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00eb fundi, pasi i p\u00ebrgatit\u00ebm studimet p\u00ebr d\u00ebrgim, u desh edhe koh\u00eb p\u00ebr shp\u00ebrndarjen. Shfletuesi kontrollon p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime t\u00eb Normandy \u00e7do 6 or\u00eb. Jo t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kompjuter\u00ebt jan\u00eb vazhdimisht t\u00eb ndezur dhe t\u00eb lidhur me internetin, prandaj duhet koh\u00eb q\u00eb rregullimi t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahet te p\u00ebrdoruesit.<\/p>\n<p>\n<b>Hapat p\u00ebrfundimtar\u00eb<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Studimi duhet ta zgjidh\u00eb problemin p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesve, por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i disponuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb. P\u00ebr disa p\u00ebrdorues nevojitet nj\u00eb qasje e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>p\u00ebrdoruesit q\u00eb kan\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuar studimet ose telemetrin\u00eb\n<\/li>\n<li>p\u00ebrdoruesit e versionit Android (Fennec), ku studimet nuk mb\u00ebshteten fare\n<\/li>\n<li>p\u00ebrdoruesit e versioneve t\u00eb personalizuara t\u00eb Firefox ESR n\u00eb mjedise biznesi, ku nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb aktivizohet telemetria\n<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebrdoruesit q\u00eb kalojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb proxy MitM, pasi sistemi yn\u00eb i instalimit t\u00eb shtesave p\u00ebrdor key pinning, i cili nuk funksionon me proxy t\u00eb till\u00eb\n<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebrdoruesit e versioneve t\u00eb vjetruara t\u00eb Firefox q\u00eb nuk mb\u00ebshtesin studies\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>P\u00ebr kategorin\u00eb e fundit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve nuk mund t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb asgj\u00eb \u2014 ata gjithsesi duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb version t\u00eb ri t\u00eb Firefox, sepse versionet e vjetra kan\u00eb dob\u00ebsi serioze t\u00eb pazgjidhura. E dim\u00eb q\u00eb disa p\u00ebrdorues q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb te versionet e vjetra t\u00eb Firefox sepse duan t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin shtesa t\u00eb vjetra, por shum\u00eb prej tyre tashm\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatur p\u00ebr versionet e reja t\u00eb shfletuesit. P\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e tjer\u00eb kemi zhvilluar nj\u00eb patch q\u00eb do t\u00eb instaloj\u00eb nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb t\u00eb re. Ai u publikua si nj\u00eb bugfix release (<i>Sh\u00ebnim i p\u00ebrkthyesit: Firefox 66.0.5<\/i>), ndaj p\u00ebrdoruesit do ta marrin \u2014 dhe me shum\u00eb gjasa e kan\u00eb marr\u00eb tashm\u00eb \u2014 p\u00ebrmes kanalit t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimit. N\u00ebse p\u00ebrdorni nj\u00eb build t\u00eb personalizuar t\u00eb Firefox ESR, kontaktoni mir\u00ebmbajt\u00ebsin tuaj.<\/p>\n<p>E kuptojm\u00eb q\u00eb e gjith\u00eb kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ideale. N\u00eb disa raste, p\u00ebrdoruesit humb\u00ebn t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e shtesave (p\u00ebr shembull, t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e shtes\u00ebs <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.mozilla.org\/show_bug.cgi?id=1549204\">Multi-Account Containers<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Ky efekt an\u00ebsor nuk mund t\u00eb shmangej, por besojm\u00eb se n\u00eb afat t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr kemi zgjedhur zgjidhjen m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesve. N\u00eb afat t\u00eb gjat\u00eb do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb qasje t\u00eb tjera arkitekturore, m\u00eb t\u00eb avancuara.<\/p>\n<p>\n<b>M\u00ebsimet<\/b><\/p>\n<p>S\u00eb pari, ekipi yn\u00eb b\u00ebri nj\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme duke krijuar dhe d\u00ebrguar rregullimin n\u00eb m\u00eb pak se 12 or\u00eb pas zbulimit t\u00eb problemit. Si dikush q\u00eb ishte i pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb mbledhje, mund t\u00eb them se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb njer\u00ebzit punuan shum\u00eb fort dhe u humb shum\u00eb pak koh\u00eb kot.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cbsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se asgj\u00eb nga kjo nuk duhej t\u00eb kishte ndodhur fare. Proceset tona duhen p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar q\u00eb t\u00eb ulim gjasat e incidenteve t\u00eb tilla dhe ta b\u00ebjm\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb korrigjimin e pasojave.<\/p>\n<p>Jav\u00ebn e ardhshme do t\u00eb publikojm\u00eb nj\u00eb post-mortem zyrtar dhe nj\u00eb list\u00eb ndryshimesh q\u00eb synojm\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb. P\u00ebr momentin, dua t\u00eb ndaj disa mendime t\u00eb miat. S\u00eb pari, duhet t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb monitoruar gjendjen e asaj q\u00eb mund t\u00eb kthehet n\u00eb nj\u00eb bomb\u00eb me sahat. Duhet t\u00eb sigurohemi q\u00eb t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrfundojm\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb ku nj\u00ebra prej tyre aktivizohet papritur. Ende po punojm\u00eb mbi detajet, por, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn, duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb nj\u00eb inventar t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha rasteve t\u00eb tilla.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00eb dyti, na nevojitet nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm p\u00ebr d\u00ebrgimin e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimeve p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit, edhe kur \u2014 ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht kur \u2014 gjith\u00e7ka tjet\u00ebr nuk funksionon. Ishte e shk\u00eblqyer q\u00eb arrit\u00ebm t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim sistemin e &#171;hulumtimeve&#187;, por ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb instrument i pap\u00ebrsosur dhe ka disa efekte an\u00ebsore t\u00eb pad\u00ebshiruara. N\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, ne e dim\u00eb q\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues kan\u00eb aktivizuar p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin automatik, por preferojn\u00eb t\u00eb mos marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb hulumtime (pranoj, un\u00eb po ashtu i kam t\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuara!). Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, na nevojitet nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u d\u00ebrguar p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime p\u00ebrdoruesve, por, \u00e7far\u00ebdo q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb realizimi teknik, p\u00ebrdoruesit duhet t\u00eb ken\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb abonohen p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime (duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb rregullimet urgjente), por t\u00eb heqin dor\u00eb nga gjith\u00e7ka tjet\u00ebr. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, kanali i p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimit duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb reagues se tani. Edhe m\u00eb 6 maj kishte p\u00ebrdorues q\u00eb nuk kishin p\u00ebrfituar as nga rregullimi, as nga versioni i ri. Kjo \u00e7\u00ebshtje \u00ebsht\u00eb duke u trajtuar, por ndodhia tregoi sa e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00eb fundi, do t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn e siguris\u00eb s\u00eb shtesave p\u00ebr t\u2019u siguruar q\u00eb ajo ofron nivelin e duhur t\u00eb mbrojtjes me rrezikun minimal p\u00ebr t\u00eb prishur di\u00e7ka.<\/p>\n<p>Jav\u00ebn e ardhshme do t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb rezultatet e nj\u00eb analize m\u00eb t\u00eb thelluar t\u00eb asaj q\u00eb ndodhi, nd\u00ebrsa nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb do t\u00eb jem i lumtur t\u2019u p\u00ebrgjigjem pyetjeve me email: ekr-blog@mozilla.com<\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.linux.org.ru\/news\/mozilla\/14982826\">linux.org.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c. \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430: \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u041d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043a \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u044f \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0431\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0451\u043a\u0430: \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33377","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - 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