{"id":33422,"date":"2019-10-31T21:52:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:52:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/chto-slyshno-v-radioefire-radiolyubiteli-ham-radio\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:52:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:52:29","slug":"chto-slyshno-v-radioefire-radiolyubiteli-ham-radio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chto-slyshno-v-radioefire-radiolyubiteli-ham-radio","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7far\u00eb po d\u00ebgjohet n\u00eb radio? Radioamator\u00eb \/ Ham radio","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetje Habr.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb artikullit p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb d\u00ebgjohet n\u00eb eter<\/a><\/noindex> u diskutua p\u00ebr stacionet sh\u00ebrbyese n\u00eb val\u00ebt e gjata dhe t\u00eb shkurtra. P\u00ebrs\u00ebri, duhet folur p\u00ebr stacionet radioamatore. S\u00eb pari, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu interesante, s\u00eb dyti, \u00e7do qytetar i interesuar mund t\u00eb bashkohet me k\u00ebt\u00eb proces, si n\u00eb marrje ashtu edhe n\u00eb transmetim.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nSi n\u00eb pjes\u00ebt e para, theksi do t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb \"digjital\" dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn si funksionon p\u00ebrpunimi i sinjaleve. P\u00ebr marrjen dhe dekodimin e sinjaleve ne gjithashtu do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim marr\u00ebsin onlin\u00eb holandez websdr<\/a><\/noindex> dhe programin MultiPSK.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar si funksionon kjo, vazhdimi m\u00eb posht\u00eb.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Pas m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 100 vjet\u00ebsh q\u00eb u b\u00eb e njohur se n\u00eb val\u00ebt e shkurtra mund t\u00eb lidhemi me t\u00ebr\u00eb bot\u00ebn duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb transmetues t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nga dy llampa, procesi u t\u00ebrhoqi jo vet\u00ebm korporatat, por edhe entuziast\u00ebt. N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, kjo dukej m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn k\u00ebshtu<\/a><\/noindex>, dhe deri sot radiomarr\u00ebsit mbeten nj\u00eb hobij teknik shum\u00eb interesant. Cilat lloje lidhjesh jan\u00eb t\u00eb disponueshme p\u00ebr radioamatoret modern\u00eb, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqemi t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Rrymat e frekuencave<\/h2>\n

\nEteret radio p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aktive nga stacionet sh\u00ebrbyese dhe transmetuese, prandaj radioamatoret u jan\u00eb caktuar disa rryma frekuencash, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos penguar t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt. Ka shum\u00eb nga k\u00ebto rryma, nga val\u00ebt ekstra t\u00eb gjata n\u00eb 137KHz deri n\u00eb mikroval\u00eb n\u00eb 1.3, 2.4, 5.6 ose 10GHz (mund t\u00eb shihni m\u00eb shum\u00eb k\u00ebtu<\/a><\/noindex>). N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, \u00e7do person mund t\u00eb zgjedh\u00eb, n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb interesave dhe pajisjeve teknike.<\/p>\n

Nga k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimi i leht\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb marrje, frekuencat m\u00eb t\u00eb aksesueshme jan\u00eb ato me gjat\u00ebsi vale 80-20m:
\n \u2014 Rryma 3.5 MHz (80 m): 3500-3800 kHz.
\n \u2014 Rryma 7 MHz (40 m): 7000-7200 kHz.
\n \u2014 Rryma 10 MHz (30 m): 10100-10140 kHz.
\n \u2014 Rryma 14 MHz (20 m): 14000-14350 kHz.
\nN\u00eb to mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatni si me marr\u00ebsin onlin\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>, ashtu edhe me t\u00eb tuajin personal, n\u00ebse ai mund t\u00eb marr\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e an\u00ebs s\u00eb val\u00ebve (LSB, USB, SSB).
\nTani, kur gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb gati, le t\u00eb shikojm\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb pranojm\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Lidhja me z\u00eb dhe alfabeti Morse<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00ebse shikoni p\u00ebrmes websdr n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb rrym\u00ebn radioamatore, \u00ebsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb shihni sinjalet e alfabetit Morse. N\u00eb radio komunikimin sh\u00ebrbyes, ajo tashm\u00eb nuk p\u00ebrdoret pothuajse fare, por disa radioamatore entuziast\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorin ende.
\n\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nM\u00eb par\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb thirrjen, ishte e nevojshme t\u00eb jepnin nj\u00eb provim p\u00ebr pranimin e sinjaleve Morse; tani, kjo duket se ka mbetur vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr kategorin\u00eb e par\u00eb, m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb (ndahen vet\u00ebm n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb maksimale t\u00eb lejuar). Ne do t\u00eb dekodojm\u00eb sinjalet CW me ndihm\u00ebn e CW Skimmer dhe Virtual Audio Card.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nRadioamator\u00ebt p\u00ebrdorin nj\u00eb kod t\u00eb shkurtuar (Q-kod<\/a><\/noindex>), n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, fjalia CQ DE DF7FF do t\u00eb thot\u00eb nj\u00eb thirrje t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha stacionet nga radioamatori DF7FF. \u00c7do radioamator ka thirrjen e vet, e cila formohet nga kodi i vendit<\/a><\/noindex>, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft praktike pasi menj\u00ebher\u00eb kuptohet se nga ku po transmeton stacioni. N\u00eb rastin ton\u00eb, thirrja DF7FF i p\u00ebrket nj\u00eb radioamatore nga Gjermania.<\/p>\n

Sa i p\u00ebrket komunikimit me z\u00eb, nuk ka asnj\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi, ata q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb mund t\u00eb d\u00ebgjojn\u00eb vet\u00eb n\u00eb websdr. Disa koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Bashkimit Sovjetik, jo t\u00eb gjith\u00eb radioamator\u00ebt kishin t\u00eb drejta p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb radio komunikime me t\u00eb huaj, tani nuk ka kufizime t\u00eb tilla, dhe distanca dhe cil\u00ebsia e komunikimit varen vet\u00ebm nga cil\u00ebsia e antenave, pajisjeve dhe durimit t\u00eb operatorit. P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar, mund t\u00eb lexojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb faqet dhe forumet e radioamator\u00ebve (cqham, qrz), ne do t\u00eb kalojm\u00eb n\u00eb sinjalet digjitale.<\/p>\n

Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, p\u00ebr shum\u00eb radioamator\u00eb, puna me \"digjitalin\" \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb lidhje e kart\u00ebs s\u00eb z\u00ebrit t\u00eb kompjuterit me programin dekoder; shum\u00eb pak jan\u00eb ata q\u00eb shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb thell\u00ebsi t\u00eb asaj si funksionon. Akoma m\u00eb pak q\u00eb realizojn\u00eb eksperimente t\u00eb veta me p\u00ebrpunimin digjital t\u00eb sinjaleve dhe lloje t\u00eb ndryshme komunikimi. Megjithat\u00eb, gjat\u00eb 10-15 viteve t\u00eb fundit jan\u00eb shfaqur mjaft shum\u00eb protokolle digjitale, disa prej t\u00eb cilave jan\u00eb interesante p\u00ebr t'u shqyrtuar.<\/p>\n

RTTY<\/h2>\n

\nNj\u00eb lloj komunikimi mjaft i vjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor modullimin e frekuenc\u00ebs. Metoda e vet quhet FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) dhe p\u00ebrfshin formimin e nj\u00eb sekuence bitshe duke ndryshuar frekuenc\u00ebn e transmetimit. <\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nT\u00eb dh\u00ebnat kodifikohen duke kaluar shpejt mes dy frekuencave F0 dhe F1. Dallimi dF = F1 \u2014 F0 quhet diferenca e frekuenc\u00ebs, dhe mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull, 85, 170, ose 452 Hz. Parametri tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsia e transmetimit, e cila gjithashtu mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e ndryshme dhe mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull, 45, 50 ose 75 bite n\u00eb sekond\u00eb. Duke qen\u00eb se kemi dy frekuenca, duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojm\u00eb se cila do t\u00eb jet\u00eb \u201ce sip\u00ebrme\u201d dhe cila \u201ce poshtme\u201d, ky parametr zakonisht quhet \u201cinvertim\u201d. K\u00ebto tri vlera (shpejt\u00ebsia, diferenca dhe invertimi) p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht parametrat e transmetimit RTTY. N\u00eb praktikisht \u00e7do program dekodimi mund t\u00eb gjeni k\u00ebto cil\u00ebsime, dhe duke i p\u00ebrzgjedhur madje edhe \u201cme sy\u201d k\u00ebto parametra, mund t\u00eb dekodoni shumic\u00ebn e sinjaleve t\u00eb tilla.<\/p>\n

Disa koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb, lidhjet n\u00eb RTTY ishin m\u00eb t\u00eb njohura, por tani, duke hyr\u00eb n\u00eb websdr, nuk d\u00ebgjova asnj\u00eb sinjal, prandaj \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb jap nj\u00eb shembull dekodimi. Ata q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb mund t\u00eb d\u00ebgjojn\u00eb vet\u00eb n\u00eb 7.045 ose 14.080 MHz, ishte shkruar m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me telegrafin n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e par\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> artikuj.<\/p>\n

PSK31\/63<\/h2>\n

\nNj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr lloj lidhjeje \u00ebsht\u00eb modulimi i faz\u00ebs, Phase Shift Keying<\/a><\/noindex>. K\u00ebtu ndryshon jo frekuenca, por faza, n\u00eb grafik kjo duket k\u00ebshtu:
\n\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nKodifikimi i sinjalit n\u00eb bit \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb ndryshimin e faz\u00ebs p\u00ebr 180 grad\u00eb, dhe sinjali p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson n\u00eb fakt nj\u00eb sinuzit t\u00eb past\u00ebr \u2014 kjo siguron nj\u00eb arritje t\u00eb mir\u00eb transmetimi me fuqin\u00eb minimale t\u00eb transmetuar. Gj\u00ebndja e faz\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb shihet n\u00eb skrin, por mund t\u00eb vihet re n\u00ebse e zmadhojm\u00eb dhe e vendosim nj\u00eb fragment mbi tjetrin.
\n\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nVet\u00eb kodifikimi \u00ebsht\u00eb relativisht i thjesht\u00eb \u2014 n\u00eb BPSK31, sinjalet transmetohen me shpejt\u00ebsi 31.25 bod, ndryshimi i faz\u00ebs kodifikon \u00ab0\u00bb, mungesa e ndryshimit t\u00eb faz\u00ebs \u00ab1\u00bb. Kodifikimin e simboleve mund ta shihni n\u00eb Vikipedin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nVizualisht, n\u00eb spekt\u00ebr, sinjali BPSK duket si nj\u00eb linj\u00eb e ngusht\u00eb, dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebgjuar d\u00ebgjohet si nj\u00eb ton relativisht i past\u00ebr (dhe n\u00eb esenc\u00eb, ashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb). Mund t\u00eb d\u00ebgjohen sinjalet BPSK, p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb 7080 ose 14070 MHz. <\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb interesante t\u00eb theksohet se si n\u00eb BPSK ashtu edhe n\u00eb RTTY, nga \"ndri\u00e7imi\" i linj\u00ebs mund t\u00eb gjykohet fuqia e sinjalit dhe cil\u00ebsia e pranuar \u2014 n\u00ebse nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e ndonj\u00eb mesazhi humbet, n\u00eb at\u00eb pjes\u00eb do t\u00eb ket\u00eb \"zhurm\u00eb\", megjithat\u00eb, kuptimi i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i mesazhit shpesh mbetet i qart\u00eb. Operatori vet\u00eb mund t\u00eb zgjedh\u00eb se mbi cilin sinjal duhet t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb p\u00ebr ta dekoduar. K\u00ebrkimi i sinjaleve t\u00eb reja dhe t\u00eb dob\u00ebta nga korrespondent\u00ebt e larg\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00eb nj\u00eb interesante. N\u00eb krahasim me k\u00ebt\u00eb, protokollet n\u00eb vijim jan\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb automatizuara dhe praktikisht nuk k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarrje t\u00eb njeriut. N\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb mir\u00eb apo keq, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pyetje filozofike, por pa dyshim mund t\u00eb thuhet se nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e spiriti ham radio n\u00eb k\u00ebto m\u00ebnyra sigurisht q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb humbur.<\/p>\n

FT8\/FT4<\/h2>\n

\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb dekoduar llojin e ardhsh\u00ebm t\u00eb sinjaleve, duhet t\u00eb instalohet programi WSJT<\/a><\/noindex>. Sinjalet FT8<\/a><\/noindex> transmetohen me an\u00eb t\u00eb modulacionit frekuencor nga 8 frekuenca me nj\u00eb zhvendosje prej vet\u00ebm 6.25Hz, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb sinjali z\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebm prej 50Hz. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb FT8 transmetohen \"pako\" q\u00eb durejn\u00eb rreth 14 sekonda, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb sinkronizimi i sakt\u00eb i koh\u00ebs s\u00eb kompjuterit \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm. Pranimi \u00ebsht\u00eb gati plot\u00ebsisht i automatizuar \u2014 programi dekodon thirrjen, forc\u00ebn e sinjalit.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nN\u00eb versionin e ri t\u00eb protokollit FT4<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqur dit\u00ebt e fundit, gjat\u00ebsi e paket\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar n\u00eb 5s, p\u00ebrdor modulacionin 4-ton dhe shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e transmetimit prej 23 bod. Gjer\u00ebsia e band\u00ebs s\u00eb sinjalit \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 90Hz.<\/p>\n

WSPR<\/h2>\n

\nWSPR \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb protokoll i orientuar posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr pranimin dhe transmetimin e sinjaleve t\u00eb dob\u00ebta. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sinjal, i transmetuar me shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e vet\u00ebm 1.4648 bod (po, vet\u00ebm pak mbi 1 bit n\u00eb sekond\u00eb). P\u00ebr transmetim p\u00ebrdoret modulacioni frekuencor (4-FSK) me shp\u00ebrthim frekuencor prej 1.4648Hz, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb gjer\u00ebsia e band\u00ebs s\u00eb sinjalit \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm 6Hz. Paketa e dhenave t\u00eb transmetuara ka p\u00ebrmas\u00eb 50 bit, gjithashtu shtohen bitet e koreksionit t\u00eb gabimeve (kod konvolucioni jo-recursiv, gjat\u00ebsi kufiri K=32, norma=1\/2), n\u00eb fund p\u00ebrmasat e p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb paket\u00ebs arrijne 162 bit. K\u00ebto 162 bit transmetohen p\u00ebr rreth 2 minuta (a ka ndonj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb ankohet p\u00ebr internet t\u00eb ngadalsh\u00ebm?:).<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nT\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto lejojn\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat t\u00eb transmetohen faktikisht n\u00ebn nivelin e zhurmave, me rezultate pothuajse fantastike \u2014 p\u00ebr shembull, me nj\u00eb sinjal prej 100mW nga pin-i i mikroprocesorit, me nj\u00eb anten\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb n\u00eb dhom\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb arritur t\u00eb transmetohet nj\u00eb sinjal n\u00eb 1000km.<\/p>\n

WSPR punon plot\u00ebsisht automatikisht dhe nuk k\u00ebrkon pjes\u00ebmarrjen e operatorit. Mjafton t\u00eb lini programin t\u00eb punoj\u00eb dhe pas nj\u00eb kohe t\u00eb caktuar mund t\u00eb shikoni logun e pun\u00ebs. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat gjithashtu mund t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohen n\u00eb sitin wsprnet.org<\/a><\/noindex>, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e dobishme p\u00ebr vler\u00ebsimin e kalimit ose cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb anten\u00ebs \u2014 mund t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoni sinjal dhe menj\u00ebher\u00eb t\u00eb shihni online se ku \u00ebsht\u00eb pranuar ai. <\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nMeqen\u00ebse, p\u00ebr t'u bashkuar me pranimin WSPR mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb kushdo i interesuar, madje edhe pa thirrje amatore (p\u00ebr pranimin nuk k\u00ebrkohet) \u2014 mjafton nj\u00eb marr\u00ebs dhe programi WSPR, madje gjith\u00e7ka mund t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb autonomisht n\u00eb Raspberry Pi. Sistemi \u00ebsht\u00eb interesant si nga pik\u00ebpamja shkencore ashtu edhe p\u00ebr eksperimente me pajisje dhe antenna. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, n\u00eb lidhje me densitetin e stacioneve pranuese, Rusia nuk ka b\u00ebr\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrparim n\u00eb krahasim me Sudanin, Egjiptin ose Nigerin\u00eb, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit e rinj jan\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebpritur \u2014 ka mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb i pari, dhe me nj\u00eb marr\u00ebs mund t\u00eb \"mbuloni\" nj\u00eb territor prej nj\u00eb mij\u00eb km.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nMjaft interesante dhe mjaft e nd\u00ebrlikuar \u00ebsht\u00eb transmetimi WSPR n\u00eb frekuencat mbi 1GHz \u2014 stabiliteti i frekuenc\u00ebs s\u00eb marr\u00ebsit dhe transmetuesit k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft kritik.<\/p>\n

Me k\u00ebt\u00eb un\u00eb e p\u00ebrfundoj p\u00ebrmbledhjen, megjithat\u00eb, ajo q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmendur, natyrisht, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb e gjith\u00eb, vet\u00ebm m\u00eb t\u00eb njohurat.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfundim<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00eb rast se dikush d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb provoj\u00eb talentin e tij, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aq e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb pranuar sinjalet mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni ose nj\u00eb marr\u00ebs klasik (Tecsun PL-880, Sangean ATS909X etj.), ose nj\u00eb marr\u00ebs SDR (SDRPlay RSP2, SDR Elad). M\u00eb pas, mjafton t\u00eb instaloni programet, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, dhe mund t\u00eb studiojme radioefirin vet\u00eb. \u00c7mimi i \u00e7\u00ebshtjes varion nga 100-200$ n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb modelit t\u00eb marr\u00ebsit. Gjithashtu mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni marr\u00ebsit online dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi t\u00eb mos blini asgj\u00eb, megjithat\u00eb kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aq interesante.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb punojn\u00eb edhe n\u00eb transmetim, do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb blejn\u00eb nj\u00eb transiver me anten\u00eb dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb nj\u00eb licenc\u00eb amatore. \u00c7mimi i transiverit \u00ebsht\u00eb af\u00ebrsisht i nj\u00ebjt\u00eb me at\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb iPhone, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb n\u00ebse d\u00ebshironi, \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht e p\u00ebrballueshme. Do t\u00eb duhet gjithashtu t\u00eb kaloni nj\u00eb provim t\u00eb leht\u00eb, dhe pas nj\u00eb muaji mund t\u00eb punoni plot\u00ebsisht n\u00eb eter. Sigurisht, kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht \u2014 do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb studioni llojet e antenna, t\u00eb mendoni p\u00ebr nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb instalimi, t\u00eb kuptoni frekuencat dhe llojet e emetimit. Megjithat\u00eb, fjala \"do t\u00eb duhet\" k\u00ebtu ndoshta nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme, sepse kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb hobit, q\u00eb b\u00ebhet p\u00ebr interes dhe jo nga detyrimi. <\/p>\n

Suksese t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve me eksperimentet. Ndoshta ndonj\u00eb nga lexuesit do t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb re digjitale komunikimi, dhe un\u00eb do ta p\u00ebrfshij me k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi p\u00ebrmbledhjen e tij n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb tekst \ud83d\ude09
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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