{"id":33422,"date":"2019-10-31T21:52:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:52:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/chto-slyshno-v-radioefire-radiolyubiteli-ham-radio\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:52:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:52:29","slug":"chto-slyshno-v-radioefire-radiolyubiteli-ham-radio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chto-slyshno-v-radioefire-radiolyubiteli-ham-radio","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7far\u00eb d\u00ebgjohet n\u00eb radio? Radioamator\u00eb\/Ham radio","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetje Habr.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb artikullit p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb d\u00ebgjohet n\u00eb transmision<\/a><\/noindex> u tregua p\u00ebr stacionet sh\u00ebrbyese n\u00eb val\u00ebt e gjata dhe t\u00eb shkurtra. M\u00eb vjen mir\u00eb t\u00eb flas p\u00ebr stacionet amatore. S\u00eb pari, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu interesante, dhe s\u00eb dyti, \u00e7do k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrim mund t\u00eb bashkohet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb proces, si n\u00eb marrje ashtu edhe n\u00eb d\u00ebrgim.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nSi\u00e7 ndodhi n\u00eb pjes\u00ebt e para, do t\u00eb fokusoh\u00ebm n\u00eb \"digitale\" dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si funksionon p\u00ebrpunimi i sinjaleve. P\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb dhe dekoduar sinjalet do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim gjithashtu pranuesin online holandez websdr<\/a><\/noindex> dhe programin MultiPSK.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar se si funksionon, vazhdimi n\u00ebn kat.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Pasi q\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 100 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb u zbulua se n\u00eb val\u00ebt e shkurtra mund t\u00eb lidhemi me t\u00ebr\u00eb bot\u00ebn, duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb transmetues t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb vet\u00ebm nga dy lamp\u00eb, procesi t\u00ebrhoqi v\u00ebmendjen jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb korporatave, por edhe t\u00eb entuziast\u00ebve. N\u00eb ato vite, dukej af\u00ebrsisht k\u00ebshtu<\/a><\/noindex>, dhe akoma radio amatore mbetet nj\u00eb hobij teknologjik shum\u00eb interesant. Cilat lloje lidhjesh jan\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion p\u00ebr radiomator\u00ebt modern\u00eb, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqemi ta shqyrtojm\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Bantet e frekuencave<\/h2>\n

\nRadiostacionet administruese dhe ato t\u00eb transmetimit e p\u00ebrdorin shum\u00eb aktivisht frekuencat radio, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb radioamator\u00ebt kan\u00eb ndar\u00eb grupe t\u00eb caktuara frekuencash q\u00eb t\u00eb mos e pengojn\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e tjer\u00ebve. Ka shum\u00eb nga k\u00ebto grupe, nga val\u00ebt shum\u00eb t\u00eb gjata n\u00eb 137kHz deri n\u00eb mikroval\u00eb n\u00eb 1.3, 2.4, 5.6 ose 10GHz (mund t\u00eb shihni m\u00eb shum\u00eb) k\u00ebtu<\/a><\/noindex>). N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb mund t\u00eb zgjedhin, n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb interesave dhe mund\u00ebsive teknike.<\/p>\n

Nga pik\u00ebpamja e leht\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb marrje, frekuencat m\u00eb t\u00eb aksesueshme jan\u00eb ato me gjat\u00ebsi val\u00ebsh 80-20m:
\n \u2014 Grupi 3.5 MHz (80 m): 3500-3800 kHz.
\n \u2014 Grupi 7 MHz (40 m): 7000-7200 kHz.
\n \u2014 Grupi 10 MHz (30 m): 10100-10140 kHz.
\n \u2014 Grupi 14 MHz (20 m): 14000-14350 kHz.
\nN\u00eb k\u00ebto grupe mund t\u00eb sync-oni me an\u00eb t\u00eb pranuesit online<\/a><\/noindex>, si dhe me pajisjen tuaj personale, n\u00ebse mund t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb n\u00eb modalitetin e bandes an\u00ebsore (LSB, USB, SSB).
\nTani, kur gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb gati, le t\u00eb shohim se \u00e7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb pranojm\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Komunikimi me z\u00eb dhe abetarja Morse<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00ebse shikoni p\u00ebrmes websdr n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb grupin e frekuencave radio amatore, leht\u00eb mund t\u00eb shihni sinjalet e abetar\u00ebs Morse. N\u00eb komunikimin radio t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit, ajo p\u00ebrdoret tashm\u00eb praktikisht jo, por disa entuziast\u00eb t\u00eb radioamator\u00ebve e p\u00ebrdorin ende.
\n\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nDeri m\u00eb par\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb thirrje, duhej madje t\u00eb kalonit nj\u00eb provim p\u00ebr pranimin e sinjaleve Morse; tani kjo duket se ka mbetur vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr kategorin\u00eb e par\u00eb, m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb (ndryshimet jan\u00eb kryesisht vet\u00ebm n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb maksimale t\u00eb lejuar). Ne do t\u00eb dekodojm\u00eb sinjalet CW me ndihm\u00ebn e CW Skimmer dhe Virtual Audio Card.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nAmator\u00ebt e radios p\u00ebrdorin nj\u00eb kod t\u00eb shkurtuar (Kodi Q<\/a><\/noindex>), n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, ngjyra CQ DE DF7FF, n\u00ebnkupton nj\u00eb thirrje t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha stacionet nga amatori i radios DF7FF. \u00c7do amator radioje ka signalin e tij t\u00eb thirrjes, prefiksi i t\u00eb cilit formohet nga kodi i vendit<\/a><\/noindex>, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e p\u00ebrshtatshme sepse menj\u00ebher\u00eb kuptohet nga e cila stacion po transmeton. N\u00eb rastin ton\u00eb, signali DF7FF i p\u00ebrket nj\u00eb amatori nga Gjermania.<\/p>\n

Sa i p\u00ebrket komunikimit me z\u00eb, nuk ka asnj\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi, ata q\u00eb e duan mund ta d\u00ebgjojn\u00eb vet\u00eb n\u00eb websdr. Disa her\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e ish-Bashkimit Sovjetik, jo t\u00eb gjith\u00eb radioamatoret kishin t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebnin komunikim radio me t\u00eb huajt, tani nuk ka kufizime t\u00eb tilla, dhe distanca dhe cil\u00ebsia e komunikimit varen vet\u00ebm nga cil\u00ebsia e antenave, pajisjeve dhe durimit t\u00eb operatorit. P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar, mund t\u00eb lexoni m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb faqet dhe forumet p\u00ebr radioamat\u00f6r\u00ebt (cqham, qrz), nd\u00ebrsa ne do t\u00eb kalojm\u00eb te sinjalet digjitale.<\/p>\n

Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, p\u00ebr shum\u00eb radioamatore puna me \"digjitalen\" \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb lidhje e kart\u00ebs audio t\u00eb kompjuterit me programin dekoder, pak kush e kupton holl\u00ebsit\u00eb e asaj se si funksionon. Edhe m\u00eb pak ata q\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb eksperimentime t\u00eb veta me p\u00ebrpunimin digjital t\u00eb sinjaleve dhe lloje t\u00eb ndryshme komunikimi. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb 10-15 vitet e fundit, jan\u00eb shfaqur nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb protokollesh digjitale, disa prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve jan\u00eb interesante p\u00ebr t'u shqyrtuar.<\/p>\n

RTTY<\/h2>\n

\nNj\u00eb lloj lidhjeje mjaft i vjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor modulimin me frekuenca. Metoda e vet quhet FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) dhe konsiston n\u00eb formimin e nj\u00eb sekuence bitesh duke ndryshuar frekuenc\u00ebn e transmetimit. <\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nT\u00eb dh\u00ebnat kodohen me nj\u00eb kalim t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb mes dy frekuencave F0 dhe F1. Diferenca dF = F1 \u2014 F0 quhet shkapit\u00ebs frekuencash dhe mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull, 85, 170 ose 452Hz. Parametri i dyt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsia e transmetimit, e cila gjithashtu mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e ndryshme, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr shembull, 45, 50 ose 75 bit n\u00eb sekond\u00eb. Duke qen\u00eb se kemi dy frekuenca, duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojm\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb jet\u00eb \u201ce lart\u00eb\u201d dhe cilat \u201ce ul\u00ebt\u201d, ky parametr quhet zakonisht \u201cinverzimi\u201d. K\u00ebto tre vlera (shpejt\u00ebsia, shkapit\u00ebsi dhe inverzimi) p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht parametrat e transmetimit RTTY. N\u00eb pothuajse \u00e7do program dekodimi mund t\u00eb gjenden k\u00ebto cil\u00ebsime, dhe duke p\u00ebrshtatur madje edhe \u201cme syr\u00eb\u201d k\u00ebto parametra, mund t\u00eb dekodoni shumic\u00ebn e sinjaleve t\u00eb tilla.<\/p>\n

Dikur, komunikimi n\u00eb RTTY ishte m\u00eb i popullarizuar, por tani, duke hyr\u00eb n\u00eb websdr, nuk d\u00ebgjova asnj\u00eb sinjal, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb jepet nj\u00eb shembull dekodimi. Ata q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb mund t\u00eb d\u00ebgjojn\u00eb vet\u00eb n\u00eb 7.045 ose 14.080MHz, m\u00eb shum\u00eb detaje rreth teletypit jan\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb pjes\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> t\u00eb artikullit.<\/p>\n

PSK31\/63<\/h2>\n

\nNj\u00eb lloj tjet\u00ebr lidhjeje \u2014 modulimi i faz\u00ebs, Phase Shift Keying<\/a><\/noindex>. K\u00ebtu ndryshon jo frekuenca, por faza, n\u00eb grafik kjo duket p\u00ebraf\u00ebrsisht k\u00ebshtu:
\n\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nKodimi i sinjalit p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nd\u00ebrrimi i faz\u00ebs p\u00ebr 180 grad\u00eb, dhe sinjali vet\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson faktikisht nj\u00eb sinusoide t\u00eb past\u00ebr - kjo siguron nj\u00eb distanc\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb transmetimi me nj\u00eb fuqi t\u00eb minimizuar transmetimi. Nd\u00ebrrimi i faz\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u par\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb ekranim, mund t\u00eb v\u00ebrehet n\u00ebse rritet dhe nj\u00eb fragment mbivendoset mbi tjetrin.
\n\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nVet\u00eb kodimi \u00ebsht\u00eb relativisht i thjesht\u00eb - n\u00eb BPSK31 sinjalet transmetohen me shpejt\u00ebsi 31.25 bod, nd\u00ebrrimi i faz\u00ebs kodon \u00ab0\u00bb, nd\u00ebrsa mungesa e nd\u00ebrrimit t\u00eb faz\u00ebs kode \u00ab1\u00bb. Kodimi i simboleve mund t\u00eb shihet n\u00eb Wikipedia.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nVizualisht, n\u00eb spektrin e sinjalit BPSK duket si nj\u00eb vij\u00eb e ngusht\u00eb, dhe n\u00eb d\u00ebgjim d\u00ebgjohet si nj\u00eb ton mjaft i past\u00ebr (\u00e7far\u00eb n\u00eb thelb \u00ebsht\u00eb). Sinjalet BPSK mund t\u00eb d\u00ebgjohen, p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb 7080 ose 14070 MHz. <\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb interesante t\u00eb theksohet se n\u00eb BPSK dhe RTTY n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb \"ndri\u00e7imit\" t\u00eb linj\u00ebs mund t\u00eb gjykohet p\u00ebr forc\u00ebn e sinjalit dhe cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e pranimit \u2014 n\u00ebse ndonj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e mesazhit humbet, at\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb mesazhit do t\u00eb ket\u00eb \"t\u00eb papastra\", por kuptimi i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i mesazhit shpesh mbetet i qart\u00eb. Operatori vet\u00eb mund t\u00eb zgjedh\u00eb se n\u00eb cilin sinjal t\u00eb fokusohet p\u00ebr ta dekoduar at\u00eb. K\u00ebrkimi i sinjaleve t\u00eb reja dhe t\u00eb dobta nga korrespondent\u00ebt e larg\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00eb nj\u00eb eksperienc\u00eb e k\u00ebndshme. Ndryshe nga kjo, protokollet e m\u00ebposhtme jan\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb automatizuar dhe praktikisht nuk k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarrjen e njeriut. N\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb mir\u00eb apo keq, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje filozofike, por me siguri mund t\u00eb thuhet se nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e frym\u00ebs s\u00eb ham radio \u00ebsht\u00eb padyshim e humbur n\u00eb k\u00ebto moda.<\/p>\n

FT8\/FT4<\/h2>\n

\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb dekoduar k\u00ebt\u00eb lloj sinjali, nevojitet t\u00eb instaloni programin WSJT<\/a><\/noindex>. Sinjalet FT8<\/a><\/noindex> transmetohen p\u00ebrmes modulaci\u00f3nit t\u00eb frekuenc\u00ebs nga 8 frekuenca me nj\u00eb zhvendosje prej vet\u00ebm 6.25Hz, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb sinjali z\u00eb vet\u00ebm 50Hz. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb FT8 transmetohen \"paketash\" q\u00eb zgjasin rreth 14 sekonda, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb sinkronizimi i sakt\u00eb i koh\u00ebs s\u00eb kompjuterit \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm. Pranimi \u00ebsht\u00eb gati nga rreziku automatik \u2014 programi dekodon thirrjen, forc\u00ebn e sinjalit.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nN\u00eb versionin e ri t\u00eb protokollit FT4<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili u shfaq s\u00eb fundmi, koha e paket\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb reduktuar n\u00eb 5s, p\u00ebrdor modulimin me 4 ton dhe nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi transmetimi prej 23 baud. Gjer\u00ebsia e band\u00ebs s\u00eb sinjalit \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 90Hz.<\/p>\n

WSPR<\/h2>\n

\nWSPR \u2014 nj\u00eb protokoll i dizajnuar posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr pranimin dhe transmetimin e sinjaleve t\u00eb dob\u00ebta. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sinjal q\u00eb transmetohet me nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi prej vet\u00ebm 1.4648 baud (po, vet\u00ebm pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 1 bit n\u00eb sekond\u00eb). P\u00ebrdoret modulatori n\u00eb frekuenc\u00eb (4-FSK) me nj\u00eb shk\u00ebputje frekuencash prej 1.4648 Hz, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb gjer\u00ebsia e brezit t\u00eb sinjalit \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm 6 Hz. Paketa e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb transmetuar ka nj\u00eb madh\u00ebsi prej 50 bit\u00ebsh, dhe gjithashtu shtohen bit\u00ebt p\u00ebr korrigjimin e gabimeve (kode konvolucioni jo-recursive, gjat\u00ebsi kufizimi K=32, rate=1\/2), k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb madh\u00ebsia totale e paket\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb 162 bit. K\u00ebta 162 bit transmetohen p\u00ebr rreth 2 minuta (p\u00ebr Dikush tjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb ankohej p\u00ebr internetin e ngadalsh\u00ebm?:)<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nT\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto lejojn\u00eb transmetimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00ebn nivelin e zhurmave, me rezultate praktikisht fantastike \u2014 p\u00ebr shembull, me nj\u00eb sinjal prej 100 mW nga nj\u00eb procesor, me nj\u00eb anten\u00eb kuadrate t\u00eb dhom\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb arritur t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohet nj\u00eb sinjal n\u00eb 1000 km.<\/p>\n

WSPR funksionon plot\u00ebsisht automatikisht dhe nuk k\u00ebrkon pjes\u00ebmarrjen e operatorit. Mjafton t\u00eb l\u00ebr\u00eb programin t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb, dhe pas nj\u00eb kohe mund t\u00eb shikoni logun e pun\u00ebs. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat gjithashtu mund t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohen n\u00eb uebsajtin wsprnet.org<\/a><\/noindex>, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e dobishme p\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar kalimin ose cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e anten\u00ebs \u2014 mund t\u00eb transmetoni sinjalin dhe menja\u00e7t\u00eb t\u00eb shikoni online se ku \u00ebsht\u00eb pranuar ai. <\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nTani, \u00e7do kush q\u00eb d\u00ebshiron mund t\u00eb bashkohet n\u00eb marrjen WSPR, edhe pa nj\u00eb kode telefonike amator (nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr marrjen) \u2014 mjafton nj\u00eb marr\u00ebs dhe programi WSPR, i cili mund t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb edhe autonomisht n\u00eb Raspberry Pi. Ky sistem \u00ebsht\u00eb interesante si nga k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimi shkencor ashtu edhe p\u00ebr eksperimente me pajisje dhe antena. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, sa i p\u00ebrket densitetit t\u00eb stacioneve marr\u00ebse, Rusia nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb p\u00ebrpara se Sudani, Egjipti apo Nigeria, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit e rinj jan\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb dobish\u00ebm \u2014 ka mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb b\u00ebhesh i pari, dhe me nj\u00eb marr\u00ebs mund t\u00eb ''kap\u00ebsh'' nj\u00eb territor prej nj\u00eb mij\u00eb km.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nTransferimi WSPR n\u00eb frekuenca mbi 1GHz \u00ebsht\u00eb tejet interesante dhe mjaft e komplikuar \u2014 stabiliteti i frekuenc\u00ebs s\u00eb marr\u00ebsit dhe transmetuesit k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft kritik.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebtu do t\u00eb ndalem me shqyrtimin, ndon\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmendur gjith\u00e7ka, por vet\u00ebm m\u00eb t\u00eb njohurat.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfundimi<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00ebse dikujt i ka ardhur t\u00eb provoj\u00eb forcat e tij, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aq e komplikuar. P\u00ebr t\u00eb pranuar sinjale, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni ose nj\u00eb marr\u00ebs klasik (si Tecsun PL-880, Sangean ATS909X etj.), ose nj\u00eb marr\u00ebs SDR (SDRPlay RSP2, SDR Elad). Pastaj, mjafton t\u00eb instalosh programet, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb treguar m\u00eb lart, dhe mund t\u00eb eksplorosh eterin radio vet\u00eb. \u00c7mimi \u00ebsht\u00eb 100-200 dollar\u00eb, var\u00ebsisht nga modeli i marr\u00ebsit. Mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren gjithashtu marr\u00ebs online dhe t\u00eb mos blini asgj\u00eb, megjithat\u00eb kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aq interesante.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb do t\u00eb duan t\u00eb punojn\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr transmetim, do t'i duhet t\u00eb blejn\u00eb nj\u00eb transiver me anten\u00eb dhe t\u00eb aplikojn\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb licenc\u00eb amator. \u00c7mimi i transiverit \u00ebsht\u00eb af\u00ebrsisht i nj\u00ebjt\u00eb me at\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb iPhone, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb n\u00ebse d\u00ebshiron, \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht e arritshme. K\u00ebshtu do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kalosh nj\u00eb provim t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb, dhe p\u00ebrreth nj\u00eb muaji mund t\u00eb punosh me plot\u00ebsisht n\u00eb eter. Sigurisht, kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb \u2014 do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb studiosh llojet e antenave, t\u00eb mendosh p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e instalimit, t\u00eb kuptosh frekuencat dhe llojet e emetimit. Megjithat\u00eb, fjala \"do t\u00eb duhet\" k\u00ebtu ndoshta nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb vend, sepse p\u00ebrralla e hobit \u00ebsht\u00eb se b\u00ebhet p\u00ebr interes, jo nga detyrimi. <\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjith\u00eb suksese n\u00eb eksperimente. Ndoshta ndonj\u00eb nga lexuesit do t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb re digjitale t\u00eb komunikimit, dhe un\u00eb me k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi do ta p\u00ebrfshij nj\u00eb rishikim t\u00eb saj n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb tekst \ud83d\ude09
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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