{"id":34101,"date":"2019-10-31T21:56:25","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:56:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/ob-anonimnosti-v-account-based-blokchejnah\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:56:25","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:56:25","slug":"ob-anonimnosti-v-account-based-blokchejnah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/ob-anonimnosti-v-account-based-blokchejnah","title":{"rendered":"P\u00ebr anonimitetin n\u00eb blockchain-et account-based","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Kemi kemi interesuar prej koh\u00ebsh mbi tem\u00ebn e anonimitetit n\u00eb kriptovaluta dhe p\u00ebrpiqemi t\u00eb ndjekim zhvillimin e teknologjive n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb. N\u00eb artikujt tan\u00eb, kemi shqyrtuar n\u00eb detaje parimet e funksionimit t\u00eb transaksioneve konfidenciale<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb Monero, si dhe kemi realizuar nj\u00eb raport krahasues<\/a><\/noindex> teknologji q\u00eb ekzistojn\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, t\u00eb gjitha kriptovalutat anonime deri m\u00eb sot jan\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar mbi modelin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb propozuar nga Bitcoin \u2014 Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO). P\u00ebr blockchain-et e bazuara n\u00eb llogari si Ethereum, zgjidhjet ekzistuese p\u00ebr realizimin e anonimitetit dhe konfidencialitetit (p.sh., Mobius<\/a><\/noindex> ose Aztec<\/a><\/noindex>) kan\u00eb tentuar t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebrisin modelin UTXO n\u00eb kontratat e zgjuara.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb shkurt 2019, nj\u00eb grup k\u00ebrkuesish nga Universiteti i Stanfordit dhe Visa Research<\/a><\/noindex> publikuar publikuan<\/a><\/noindex> \u00abZether: Drejt privat\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00ebn e kontratave t\u00eb zgjuara\u00bb. Autor\u00ebt p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb ofruan nj\u00eb qasje p\u00ebr sigurimin e anonimitetit n\u00eb blockchain-et e bazuara n\u00eb llogari dhe paraqit\u00ebn dy variante t\u00eb kontrat\u00ebs s\u00eb zgjuar: p\u00ebr transaksione konfidenciale (fshehja e balancit dhe shumave t\u00eb transfertave) dhe anonime (fshehja e marr\u00ebsit dhe d\u00ebrguesit). Ne e konsiderojm\u00eb teknologjin\u00eb e propozuar interesante dhe do t\u00eb donim t\u00eb ndanim struktur\u00ebn e saj, si dhe t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr arsyen pse problemi i anonimitetit n\u00eb blockchain-et e bazuara n\u00eb llogari konsiderohet shum\u00eb i komplikuar dhe n\u00ebse autor\u00ebt e zgjidh\u00ebn at\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr struktur\u00ebn e k\u00ebtyre modeleve t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash<\/h3>\n

\nN\u00eb modelin UTXO, nj\u00eb transaksion p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga \"hyrje\" dhe \"dalje\". Nj\u00eb analog direkt i \"daljeve\" jan\u00eb banknotat n\u00eb portofolin tuaj: \u00e7do \"dalje\" ka nj\u00eb nominal t\u00eb caktuar. Kur paguani dik\u00eb (krijoni nj\u00eb transaksion), ju shpenzoni nj\u00eb ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb \"dalje\", duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebshtu \"hyrje\" t\u00eb transaksionit, dhe blockchain-i i etiketon ato si t\u00eb shpenzuara. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, marr\u00ebsi i pages\u00ebs tuaj (ose vet\u00eb ju, n\u00ebse ju nevojitet kthimi) merr \"daljet\" e sapo krijuara. Kjo mund t\u00eb ilustrohet skematikisht si vijon:<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebr
\n
\nBlockchain-et e bazuara n\u00eb llogari jan\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar pak a shum\u00eb si llogaria juaj bankare. Ato operojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm me shum\u00ebn n\u00eb llogarin\u00eb tuaj dhe shum\u00ebn e transfert\u00ebs. Kur transferoni nj\u00eb shum\u00eb nga llogaria juaj, ju nuk shkurtoni asnj\u00eb \"dalje\", rrjeta nuk ka nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb mbaj\u00eb mend se cilat monedha jan\u00eb shpenzuar dhe cilat jo. N\u00eb rastin m\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb, verifikimi i transaksionit reduktohet n\u00eb verifikimin e n\u00ebnshkrimit t\u00eb d\u00ebrguesit dhe shum\u00ebs n\u00eb bilancin e tij:<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebr
\n<\/p>\n

Analiza e teknologjis\u00eb<\/h3>\n

\nM\u00eb pas do t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si Zether fsheh shumat e transaksioneve, marr\u00ebsin dhe d\u00ebrguesin. Gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrshkrimit t\u00eb parimeve t\u00eb funksionimit t\u00eb tij, do t\u00eb theksojm\u00eb ndryshimet midis versionit t\u00eb tij konfidencial dhe atij anonim. Duke qen\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb sigurohet konfidencialiteti n\u00eb blockchain-et me llogari, disa nga kufizimet q\u00eb vendosen nga anonimiza\u00e7\u00e3o do t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb panevojshme p\u00ebr versionin konfidencial t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Fshehja e bilanceve dhe shumave t\u00eb transferimeve<\/h4>\n

\nP\u00ebr enkriptimin e bilanceve dhe shumave t\u00eb transferimeve n\u00eb Zether p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb skem\u00eb enkriptuese El-Gamal<\/a><\/noindex>. Ajo funksionon si m\u00eb posht\u00eb. Kur Alice d\u00ebshiron t'i d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb Bob-it b<\/b><\/i> monedha n\u00eb adres\u00ebn (\u00e7el\u00ebsi i tij publik) Y<\/b><\/i>, ajo zgjedh nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm r<\/b><\/i> dhe enkripton shum\u00ebn:<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebr
\nku C<\/b><\/i> \u2014 shuma e enkriptuar, D<\/b><\/i> \u2014 nj\u00eb vler\u00eb ndihm\u00ebse, e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb dekoduar k\u00ebt\u00eb shum\u00eb, G<\/b><\/i> \u2014 nj\u00eb pik\u00eb fikse n\u00eb kurb\u00ebn eliptike, t\u00eb cilat, kur mnohen me \u00e7el\u00ebsin sekret, japin \u00e7el\u00e9sin publik.<\/p>\n

Kur Bob merr k\u00ebto vlera, ai thjesht i shton ato n\u00eb bilancin e tij, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb enkriptuar po ashtu. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb e b\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb skem\u00eb t\u00eb dobishme.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb analogjike, Alice heq k\u00ebto vlera nga bilanci i saj, duke p\u00ebrdorur \u00e7el\u00ebsin e saj publik si Y<\/b><\/i> t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur.<\/p>\n

Fshehja e marr\u00ebsit dhe d\u00ebrguesit<\/h4>\n

\nMashimi i \"daljeve\" n\u00eb UTXO ka filluar q\u00eb n\u00eb fillimet e monedhave kriptografike dhe ndihmon n\u00eb fshehjen e d\u00ebrguesit. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, vet\u00eb d\u00ebrguesi gjat\u00eb kryerjes s\u00eb transferimit zgjedh \"dalje\" t\u00eb rast\u00ebsishme n\u00eb blockchain dhe i mashon ato me t\u00eb tijat. Pastaj n\u00ebnshkruan \"daljet\" me nj\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrim unaz\u00eb \u2014 nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm kriptografik q\u00eb lejon t\u00eb bindet verifikuesi se midis \"daljeve\" t\u00eb mashuara jan\u00eb monedhat e d\u00ebrguesit. Monedhat e mashuara, natyrisht, nuk shpenzohen.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb fshehur marr\u00ebsin nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb gjenerojm\u00eb \"dalje\" t\u00eb rreme. Prandaj, n\u00eb UTXO, \u00e7do \"dalje\" ka nj\u00eb adres\u00eb unike dhe ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur me adres\u00ebn e marr\u00ebsit t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre monedhave n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb kriptografike. Deri m\u00eb tani nuk ka m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar lidhjen mes adres\u00ebs unike \"dalje\" dhe adres\u00ebs s\u00eb marr\u00ebsit pa ditur \u00e7el\u00ebsat e tij sekret\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb modelin e bazuar n\u00eb llogari, nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim adresa nj\u00ebher\u00ebsh (ndryshe do t\u00eb ishte modeli i \"daljeve\"). Prandaj, prind\u00ebrit dhe d\u00ebrguesit duhet t\u00eb kombinohen me llogari t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb blockchain. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, llogarit\u00eb e p\u00ebrziera humbin 0 monedha t\u00eb enkriptuara (ose shtohet 0 - n\u00eb rastin e p\u00ebrzierjes s\u00eb prindit), duke mos ndryshuar realisht bilancin e tyre.<\/p>\n

Duke qen\u00eb se si d\u00ebrguesi ashtu edhe prind\u00ebrit gjithmon\u00eb kan\u00eb nj\u00eb adres\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme, krijohet nevoja q\u00eb gjat\u00eb d\u00ebrgesave n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat adresa t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat grupe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrzierje. M\u00eb leht\u00eb do ta shohim k\u00ebt\u00eb me nj\u00eb shembull.<\/p>\n

Supozoni se Ali\u00e7a ka vendosur t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb nj\u00eb kontribuim n\u00eb fondacionin humanitar t\u00eb Bobit, por preferon q\u00eb ky transfert t\u00eb mbetet anonim p\u00ebr v\u00ebzhguesit e jasht\u00ebm. At\u00ebher\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb maskuar veten n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e d\u00ebrguesit, ajo shkruan llogarit\u00eb e Adamit dhe Adel\u00ebs. P\u00ebr t\u00eb fshehur Bobin - n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e prindit ajo shton llogarit\u00eb e Benit dhe Billit. Duke b\u00ebr\u00eb kontributin e ardhsh\u00ebm, Ali\u00e7a vendosi t\u00eb shkruaj\u00eb p\u00ebrkrah vetes Alekshin dhe Amand\u00ebn, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrkrah Bobit - Brensin dhe Benxhen. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, gjat\u00eb analiz\u00ebs s\u00eb blockchain, n\u00eb k\u00ebto dy transaksione do t\u00eb ket\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb \u00e7ift t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsish - Ali\u00e7a dhe Bobi, q\u00eb i de-anonimizon k\u00ebto transaksione.<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebr
\n<\/p>\n

Garazhet e transaksioneve<\/h4>\n

\nSi\u00e7 e p\u00ebrmend\u00ebm, p\u00ebr t\u00eb fshehur bilancin e tij n\u00eb sistemet e bazuara n\u00eb llogari, p\u00ebrdoruesi enkripton bilancin e tij dhe shum\u00ebn e d\u00ebrges\u00ebs. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, ai duhet t\u00eb d\u00ebmshp\u00ebrblej\u00eb q\u00eb ecka e tij mbetet jo negative. Problemi q\u00ebndron n\u00eb faktin se, duke formuar nj\u00eb transaksion, p\u00ebrdoruesi ndihmon n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e prov\u00ebs n\u00eb lidhje me gjendjen e tij aktuale t\u00eb llogaris\u00eb. \u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb ndodhte, n\u00ebse Bobi d\u00ebrgon nj\u00eb transaksion Ali\u00e7\u00ebs, dhe ai pranohet p\u00ebrpara se transaksioni i Ali\u00e7\u00ebs t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohet? Aty do t\u00eb mendohet se transaksioni i Ali\u00e7\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb i pavlefsh\u00ebm, pasi prova e bilancit \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar para pranimit t\u00eb transaksionit t\u00eb Bobit.<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebr
\n
\nZgjidhja e par\u00eb q\u00eb vjen n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb ngrije llogarin\u00eb deri n\u00eb realizimin e transaksionit. Por ky qasje nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme, pasi p\u00ebrve\u00e7 v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur nj\u00eb problem t\u00eb till\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb, n\u00eb nj\u00eb skem\u00eb anonime nuk do t\u00eb ishte e qart\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb llogarie duhet t\u00eb bllokohet.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur k\u00ebt\u00eb problem, teknologjia ndan transaksionet hyr\u00ebse dhe dal\u00ebse: shpenzimet kan\u00eb nj\u00eb effekt t\u00eb menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm n\u00eb gjendjen e bilancit, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb ardhurat kan\u00eb nj\u00eb efekt t\u00eb shtyr\u00eb. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, futet koncepti i \"epokave\" \u2014 grupe bllokesh t\u00eb madh\u00ebsis\u00eb fikse. \"Epoka\" aktuale p\u00ebrcaktohet nga ndarja e lart\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb bllokut me madh\u00ebsin\u00eb e grupit. Duke p\u00ebrpunuar nj\u00eb transaksion, rrjeti p\u00ebrdit\u00ebson bilancin e d\u00ebrguesit menj\u00ebher\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa fondet e marr\u00ebsit i grumbullon n\u00eb nj\u00eb depozit\u00eb. Fondet e grumbulluara kalojn\u00eb n\u00eb dispozit\u00eb t\u00eb marr\u00ebsit t\u00eb pages\u00ebs vet\u00ebm kur ndodh nj\u00eb \"epok\u00eb\" e re.<\/p>\n

Si rezultat, p\u00ebrdoruesi mund t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb transaksione pavar\u00ebsisht nga sa shpesh merr fonde (sa lejon bilanci i tij, sigurisht). Madh\u00ebsia e epok\u00ebs p\u00ebrcaktohet n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb bllok\u00ebve n\u00eb rrjet dhe sa shpejt nj\u00eb transaksion arrin nj\u00eb bllok. <\/p>\n

Ky zgjidhje funksionon mir\u00eb p\u00ebr transferimet e fshehta, megjithat\u00eb me transaksionet anonime, si\u00e7 do t\u00eb shohim m\u00eb von\u00eb, ajo krijon probleme t\u00eb r\u00ebnda.<\/p>\n

Mbrojtja nga sulmet replay<\/h4>\n

\nN\u00eb blockchain-in e bazuar n\u00eb llogari, \u00e7do transaksion n\u00ebnshkruhet me \u00e7el\u00ebsin privat t\u00eb d\u00ebrguesit, duke e bindur verifikuesin se transaksioni nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb modifikuar dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar nga pronari i k\u00ebtij \u00e7el\u00ebsi. Por \u00e7far\u00eb ndodh n\u00ebse nj\u00eb sulmues, i cili po p\u00ebrgjon kanalin e transmetimit, kap k\u00ebt\u00eb mesazh dhe d\u00ebrgon nj\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb? Verifikuesi do t\u00eb kontrolloj\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrimin e transaksionit dhe do t\u00eb bindet p\u00ebr autor\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij, dhe rrjeti do t\u00eb heq\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn shum\u00eb nga bilanci i d\u00ebrguesit p\u00ebrs\u00ebri.<\/p>\n

Ky sulm quhet sulm replay. N\u00eb modelin UTXO, k\u00ebto sulme nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, pasi sulmuesi do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb daljet e shpenzuara, q\u00eb vet\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb valide dhe do t\u00eb refuzohet nga rrjeti.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar q\u00eb kjo t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb, n\u00eb transaksion vendoset nj\u00eb fush\u00eb me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna rast\u00ebsore, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e quajn\u00eb nonce ose thjesht \"krip\u00eb\". Kur d\u00ebrgohet p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nj\u00eb transaksion me \"krip\u00eb\", verifikuesi kontrollon n\u00ebse ky nonce \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur m\u00eb par\u00eb dhe, n\u00ebse jo, e konsideron k\u00ebt\u00eb transaksion si t\u00eb vlefsh\u00ebm. P\u00ebr t\u00eb mos ruajtur n\u00eb blockchain t\u00eb gjith\u00eb historin\u00eb e nonc\u00ebve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve, zakonisht n\u00eb transaksionin e par\u00eb pranohet se ai \u00ebsht\u00eb i barabart\u00eb me zero, dhe pastaj rritet me nj\u00eb. Rrjeti mbetet vet\u00ebm t\u00eb verifikoj\u00eb se nonce i transaksionit t\u00eb ri \u00ebsht\u00eb ndryshe nga ai i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm me nj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb skem\u00eb anonime t\u00eb transfertave, shfaqet problemi i validimit t\u00eb nonce-ve t\u00eb transaksioneve. Ne nuk mund ta lidhim nonce-n n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb me adres\u00ebn e d\u00ebrguesit, pasi kjo do ta deanonimizonte transferimin. Gjithashtu, nuk mund t\u00eb shtojm\u00eb nj\u00ebsi n\u00eb nonce-t e t\u00eb gjitha llogarive t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira, pasi kjo mund t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb konflikte me transfertat e tjera n\u00eb proces. <\/p>\n

Autoret e Zether propozojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjenerojn\u00eb nonce n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb kriptografike \u2014 n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb \"epok\u00ebs\". P\u00ebr shembull:<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebr
\nK\u00ebtu x<\/i><\/b> \u2014 \u00e7el\u00ebsi sekret i d\u00ebrguesit, dhe Gepoch<\/i><\/b> \u2014 nj\u00eb gjenerues shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr epok\u00ebn, i marr\u00eb p\u00ebrmes hashing-ut t\u00eb nj\u00eb stringu si ‘Zether + ‘. Tani problemi, duksh\u00ebm, zgjidhet \u2014 ne nuk e zbulojm\u00eb nonce-in e d\u00ebrguesit dhe nuk nd\u00ebrhyjm\u00eb n\u00eb nonce-t e pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve t\u00eb paangazhuar. Por ky qasje vendos nj\u00eb kufizim t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm: nj\u00eb llogari mund t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb jo m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb transaksion n\u00eb \"epok\u00eb\". Ky problem, p\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq, mbetet i pazgjidhur dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb moment e b\u00ebn versionin anonim t\u00eb Zether, sipas mendimit ton\u00eb, praktikisht t\u00eb pap\u00ebrdorsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

V\u00ebshtir\u00ebsia e d\u00ebshmive me ndarjen zero<\/h4>\n

\nN\u00eb UTXO, d\u00ebrguesi duhet t\u00eb provokoj\u00eb rrjetin se nuk po ndan nj\u00eb shum\u00eb negative, p\u00ebrndryshe b\u00ebhet e mundur gjenerimi i monedhave t\u00eb reja nga ajri (pse kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur, ne e kemi shkruar n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga artikull<\/a><\/noindex>). Po ashtu, ai duhet t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruaj\u00eb \"hyrjet\" me nj\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrim rrethor, p\u00ebr t\u00eb provuar se midis monedhave t\u00eb p\u00ebrziera ka fonde q\u00eb i p\u00ebrkasin atij.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb versionin anonim t\u00eb blockchain-it t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb llogari, shprehjet p\u00ebr provimin b\u00ebhen shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb komplikuara. D\u00ebrguesi provon se:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Shuma e d\u00ebrguar \u00ebsht\u00eb pozitive;<\/li>\n
  2. Bilanci mbetet jo negativ;<\/li>\n
  3. D\u00ebrguesi ka koduar sakt\u00eb shum\u00ebn e transfertave (p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb zero);<\/li>\n
  4. Bilanci ndryshon vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr d\u00ebrguesin dhe marr\u00ebsin;<\/li>\n
  5. D\u00ebrguesi zot\u00ebron \u00e7el\u00ebsin sekret t\u00eb llogaris\u00eb s\u00eb tij dhe ai me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb list\u00ebn e d\u00ebrguesve (mes atyre t\u00eb p\u00ebrziera);<\/li>\n
  6. Nonce, i p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb transaksion, \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb sakt\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nP\u00ebr nj\u00eb provim kaq t\u00eb komplikuar, autor\u00ebt p\u00ebrdorin nj\u00eb p\u00ebrzierje I padep\u00ebrtuesh\u00ebm<\/a><\/noindex> (nj\u00eb nga autor\u00ebt, p\u00ebr t\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn, ka marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb krijimin e saj) dhe Sigma protocol<\/a><\/noindex>, e cila quhet Sigma-bullets. D\u00ebshmia formale e nj\u00eb pohimi t\u00eb till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb mjaft e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, dhe ajo kufizon ndjesh\u00ebm numrin e atyre q\u00eb duan t\u00eb angazhohen n\u00eb implementimin e teknologjis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

    \u00c7far\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim?<\/h4>\n

    \nSipas mendimit ton\u00eb, pjesa Zether, e cila sjell privat\u00ebsin\u00eb n\u00eb blockchain-\u00ebt e bazuar n\u00eb llogari, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret tashm\u00eb. Por aktualisht, versioni anonim i teknologjis\u00eb vendos kufizime t\u00eb r\u00ebnda n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e saj, dhe kompleksiteti i saj \u2014 n\u00eb zbatim. Megjithat\u00eb, nuk duhet t\u00eb neglizhojm\u00eb faktin se autor\u00ebt e publikuan at\u00eb vet\u00ebm disa muaj m\u00eb par\u00eb, dhe ndoshta dikush tjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb gjej\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjidhje p\u00ebr problemet aktuale. Sepse kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo si\u00e7 b\u00ebhet shkenca.
    \n
    Burimi:     habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u041c\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0412 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f\u0445 \u043c\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432 Monero, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439, \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 Bitcoin \u2014 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34101","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47P\u00ebr privat\u00ebsin\u00eb n\u00eb blockchain-\u00ebt e bazuar n\u00eb llogari | ProHoster","description":"Ne kemi qen\u00eb prej koh\u00ebsh t\u00eb interesuar n\u00eb temat e privat\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb kriptovaluta dhe p\u00ebrpiqemi t\u00eb monitorojm\u00eb zhvillimin e 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