{"id":34430,"date":"2019-10-31T21:58:16","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:58:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/pochemu-inzhenery-ne-zabotyatsya-o-monitoringe-prilozhenij\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:58:16","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:58:16","slug":"pochemu-inzhenery-ne-zabotyatsya-o-monitoringe-prilozhenij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/pochemu-inzhenery-ne-zabotyatsya-o-monitoringe-prilozhenij","title":{"rendered":"P\u00ebrse inxhinier\u00ebt nuk e shqet\u00ebsohen p\u00ebr monitorimin e aplikacioneve?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00ebzuar t\u00eb premten! Miq, sot vazhdojm\u00eb serin\u00eb e publikimeve q\u00eb i kushtohet kursit \u00abPraktikat dhe mjetet DevOps\u00bb<\/a><\/noindex>, pasi m\u00ebsimet n\u00eb grupin e ri p\u00ebr kursin fillojn\u00eb tashm\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb jav\u00ebs s\u00eb ardhshme. Le t\u00eb nisim!<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebrse
\n
\nMonitorimi \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht<\/b>. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fakt i njohur. Aktivizoni Nagios, nisni NRPE n\u00eb sistemin e larg\u00ebt, konfiguroni Nagios p\u00ebr portin NRPE TCP 5666 dhe keni monitorim.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb kaq e leht\u00eb, saq\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb interesante. Tani keni metrika bazike p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn e procesorit, n\u00ebnstruktur\u00ebn e diskut dhe memorien operuese, t\u00eb cilat vijn\u00eb p\u00ebr default n\u00eb Nagios dhe NRPE. Por n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb \u2018monitorim\u2019 si i till\u00eb. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm fillimi.<\/p>\n

(Zakonisht instalojn\u00eb PNP4Nagios, RRDtool dhe Thruk, konfigurjn\u00eb njoftimet n\u00eb Slack dhe shkojn\u00eb direkt n\u00eb nagiosexchange, por p\u00ebr tani le ta l\u00ebm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb).<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Monitorimi i mir\u00eb<\/b> n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i komplikuar, ju v\u00ebrtet duhet t\u00eb dini brend\u00ebsit\u00eb e aplikacionit q\u00eb po monitoroni.<\/p>\n

A \u00ebsht\u00eb monitorimi i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb?<\/h2>\n

\n\u00c7do server, qofshin k\u00ebto Linux apo Windows, do t\u00eb ket\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb nj\u00eb q\u00ebllim t\u00eb caktuar. Apache, Samba, Tomcat, ruajtja e skedar\u00ebve, LDAP - t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto sh\u00ebrbime jan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb apo m\u00eb pak unike n\u00eb nj\u00eb ose disa aspekte. \u00c7do nj\u00ebra ka funksionin e vet, karakteristikat e saj. Ka m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb metrika, KPI (t\u00eb treguesve kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs) q\u00eb ju interesojn\u00eb kur serveri \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebn ngarkes\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebrse
\nAutori i fotos Luke Chesser<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb Unsplash
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

( do t\u00eb doja q\u00eb dashboard-et e mia t\u00eb ishin t\u00eb ngjyrosura me ngjyrat neon blu \u2014 duke suspiruar \u00ebndrruesh\u00ebm \u2014\u2026 hm\u2026 )<\/p>\n

\u00c7do software q\u00eb ofron sh\u00ebrbime duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm p\u00ebr mbledhjen e metrikeve. Apache ka modulin mod-status<\/code>, q\u00eb tregon faqen e gjendjes s\u00eb serverit. Nginx ka stub_status<\/code>. Tomcat ka JMX ose aplikacione speciale n\u00eb web q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb metrika ky\u00e7e. N\u00eb MySQL ka komand\u00ebn \"show global status\" dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb.
\nPra, pse zhvilluesit nuk integrojn\u00eb mekanizma t\u00eb till\u00eb n\u00eb aplikacionet q\u00eb ata krijojn\u00eb?<\/p>\n

A jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm zhvilluesit q\u00eb e b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb?<\/h2>\n

\nNj\u00eb nivel i caktuar indiference ndaj integrimit t\u00eb metrikeve nuk kufizohet vet\u00ebm tek zhvilluesit. Kam punuar n\u00eb kompani ku zhvillonin aplikacione duke p\u00ebrdorur Tomcat dhe nuk jepnin asnj\u00eb metrik\u00eb t\u00eb tyre, asnj\u00eb ditar aktiviteti t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 gazetave t\u00eb zakonshme t\u00eb gabimeve t\u00eb Tomcat. Disa zhvillues gjenerojn\u00eb nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe ditar\u00ebsh, t\u00eb cilat nuk kan\u00eb asnj\u00eb kuptim p\u00ebr administratorin e sistemit, q\u00eb i Godit n\u00eb 3:15 t\u00eb m\u00ebngjesit.<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebrse
\nAutori i fotos Tim Gouw<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb Unsplash<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Inxhinier\u00ebt sistemor\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt lejojn\u00eb q\u00eb produkte t\u00eb tilla t\u00eb dalin n\u00eb lansim, gjithashtu duhet t\u00eb mbajn\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi t\u00eb caktuar p\u00ebr situat\u00ebn. Pak inxhinier\u00eb sistemor\u00eb kan\u00eb koh\u00eb dhe u intereson q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb marrin metrika kuptimplote nga ditar\u00ebt, pa kontekstin e k\u00ebtyre metrikeve dhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t'i interpretuar ato n\u00eb drit\u00ebn e aktivitetit t\u00eb aplikacionit. Disa nuk e kuptojn\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb dobie mund t\u00eb marrin nga kjo, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 treguesve si 'di\u00e7ka aktualisht (ose s\u00eb shpejti) nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rregull'.<\/p>\n

Ndryshimi i mend\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr metrika duhet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm mes zhvilluesve, por edhe mes inxhinier\u00ebve sistemor\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr \u00e7do inxhinier sistemesh q\u00eb duhet jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjet ndaj ngjarjeve kritike, por edhe t\u00eb garantoj\u00eb munges\u00ebn e tyre, mungesa e metrikave zakonisht paraqet nj\u00eb penges\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, ingjinier\u00ebt e sistemeve zakonisht nuk gjenden n\u00eb kod, duke fituar para p\u00ebr kompanin\u00eb e tyre. Ata kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr zhvillues t\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kuptojn\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb inxhinier\u00ebve t\u00eb sistemeve n\u00eb identifikimin e problemeve, rritjen e nd\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsimit p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e performanc\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb ngjashme.<\/p>\n

Kjo gj\u00eb devops<\/h2>\n

\nMentaliteti devops p\u00ebrshkruan sinergjin\u00eb midis t\u00eb menduarit t\u00eb zhvilluesve (dev) dhe operacioneve (ops). \u00c7do kompani q\u00eb pretendon se \"b\u00ebn devops\", duhet t\u00eb:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. thot\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb ata ndoshta nuk e b\u00ebjn\u00eb (k\u00ebtu ka nj\u00eb referenc\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb meme nga filmi \"Princesha Nevest\u00eb\" - \"Nuk mendoj se do t\u00eb thot\u00eb ajo q\u00eb mendon se do t\u00eb thot\u00eb!\")<\/li>\n
  2. incentivizoj\u00eb pozitat e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimit t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm t\u00eb produktit.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nNuk mund ta p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoni produktin dhe t\u00eb ndani se si \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar, n\u00ebse nuk e dini si funksionon aktualisht. Nuk do t\u00eb jeni n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb kuptoni si funksionon produkti, n\u00ebse nuk e kuptoni se si funksionojn\u00eb komponent\u00ebt e tij, sh\u00ebrbimet nga t\u00eb cilat varet, piketat e tij kryesore dhe ngushticat.
    \nN\u00ebse nuk i v\u00ebzhgoni potencialet ngushtic\u00eb, nuk do t\u00eb jeni n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb aplikoni teknik\u00ebn e \"Pes\u00eb Pseve\" kur shkruani nj\u00eb Postmortem. Nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb grumbulloni gjith\u00e7ka n\u00eb nj\u00eb ekran, p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb si funksionon produkti ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar si duket \"normal dhe e lumtur\".<\/p>\n

    Shk\u00ebputje n\u00eb majtas, N\u00cb MAJAS, THASH\u00cb MAJAS\u2014 <\/h2>\n

    \nP\u00ebr mua, nj\u00eb nga parimet ky\u00e7e t\u00eb DevOps \u00ebsht\u00eb \"Shk\u00ebputja n\u00eb Majtas\". Shk\u00ebputja n\u00eb majtas n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst do t\u00eb thot\u00eb zhvendosja e mund\u00ebsis\u00eb (jo p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb<\/b>, por vet\u00ebm mund\u00ebsis\u00eb) p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb zakonisht i p\u00ebrket inxhinier\u00ebve t\u00eb sistemit, si krijimi i metrikave t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs, p\u00ebrdorimi m\u00eb efektiv i logeve etj., n\u00eb t\u00eb majt\u00eb t\u00eb ciklit t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb dor\u00ebzimit t\u00eb softuerit (Software Delivery Life Cycle).<\/p>\n

    \"P\u00ebrse
    \nAutori i fotos     NESA nga Makers<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb Unsplash<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

    Programuesit e softuerit duhet t\u00eb ken\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin dhe t\u00eb njohin mjetet e monitorimit q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor kompania p\u00ebr t\u00eb monitoruar t\u00eb gjitha format e tij, metrikat, regjistrimin, nd\u00ebrfaqet e monitorimit dhe, m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, t\u00eb v\u00ebzhgojn\u00eb si funksionon produkti i tyre n\u00eb ambientin e prodhimit<\/i>. Ju nuk mund t\u00eb detyroni zhvilluesit t\u00eb investojn\u00eb forc\u00eb dhe koh\u00eb n\u00eb monitorim derisa ata t\u00eb mund t\u00eb shohin metrikat dhe t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si ato duken, si do t'ia paraqes\u00eb ato pronari i produktit CTO-s\u00eb n\u00eb takimin e ardhsh\u00ebm, etj.<\/p>\n

    N\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje<\/h2>\n

    <\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u00c7onit kalin n\u00eb uj\u00eb. Tregoni zhvilluesve se sa probleme mund t\u00eb shmangin p\u00ebr veten e tyre, ndihmojini ata t\u00eb identifikojn\u00eb KPI-t\u00eb dhe metrikat e duhura p\u00ebr aplikacionet e tyre, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb m\u00eb pak zhurm\u00eb nga pronari i produktit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin ul\u00ebret shefi i teknologjis\u00eb (CTO). Nxirrni ata n\u00eb drit\u00eb, but\u00ebsisht dhe qet\u00ebsisht. N\u00ebse kjo nuk funksionon, at\u00ebher\u00eb korrupsioni, k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimi dhe bindja mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb nevojshme, qoft\u00eb p\u00ebr ta, qoft\u00eb p\u00ebr pronarin e produktit, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb realizoni sa m\u00eb shpejt marrjen e k\u00ebtyre metrikeve nga aplikacionet, dhe pastaj \u00e7izni grafikat. Kjo do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, pasi nuk do t\u00eb konsiderohet prioritet, dhe do t\u00eb ket\u00eb shum\u00eb projekte n\u00eb planin e produktit q\u00eb presin t\u00eb realizohen, duke sjell\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura. Prandaj, do t'ju nevojitet nj\u00eb arsyetim ekonomik p\u00ebr t\u00eb justifikuar koh\u00ebn dhe burimet e shpenzuara p\u00ebr implementimin e monitorimit n\u00eb produkt.<\/li>\n
    2. Ndihmoni inxhinier\u00ebt sistemik\u00eb t\u00eb flen\u00eb. Tregoni atyre se p\u00ebrdorimi i nj\u00eb liste kontrolli p\u00ebr \"l\u00ebshimin e versionit\" p\u00ebr \u00e7do produkt n\u00eb zhvillim \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb ide e mir\u00eb. Dhe t\u00eb sigurohesh q\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha aplikacionet n\u00eb prodhim mbulohen me metrika do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur nj\u00eb gjum\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetsh\u00ebm gjat\u00eb nat\u00ebs, duke lejuar zhvilluesit t\u00eb shohin se \u00e7far\u00eb dhe ku nuk funksionon si duhet. Megjithat\u00eb, m\u00ebnyra e duhur p\u00ebr t\u00eb irrituar dhe shqet\u00ebsuar \u00e7do zhvillues, pronar produkti dhe drejtor teknik \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb vendos\u00ebsh vazhdimisht pengesa dhe t\u00eb rezistosh. Ky sjellje do t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb dat\u00ebn e l\u00ebshimit t\u00eb \u00e7do produkti, n\u00ebse pritet deri n\u00eb minut\u00ebn e fundit p\u00ebrs\u00ebri, prandaj b\u00ebni nj\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritje dhe p\u00ebrfshini \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e k\u00ebtyre n\u00eb planin e projektit sa m\u00eb shpejt t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur. N\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme, infiltroni n\u00eb takimet p\u00ebr produktin. Vishni mustaqe false dhe ndonj\u00eb material tjet\u00ebr, kjo kurr\u00eb nuk d\u00ebshtojn\u00eb. Raportoni shqet\u00ebsimet tuaja, tregoni p\u00ebrfitimet e dukshme dhe b\u00ebni evangjelizimin.<\/li>\n
    3. Sigurohuni q\u00eb zhvilluesit (dev) dhe operacionet (ops) t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe pasojat e kalimit t\u00eb metrikeve t\u00eb produktit n\u00eb \"zon\u00ebn e kuqe\". Mos e lini operacionin si rolin e vet\u00ebm mbik\u00ebqyr\u00ebs t\u00eb funksionit t\u00eb produktit, sigurohuni q\u00eb zhvilluesit t\u00eb jen\u00eb gjithashtu t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb (#productsquads).<\/li>\n
    4. Logat jan\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e shk\u00eblqyer, por metrikat gjithashtu. Bashkoni ato dhe mos e lejoni q\u00eb logat tuaj t\u00eb b\u00ebhen mbeturina n\u00eb nj\u00eb top t\u00eb madh t\u00eb paqen\u00ebsishm\u00ebris\u00eb. Shpjegoni dhe tregoni zhvilluesve se p\u00ebrse askush tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrve\u00e7 tyre nuk do t\u00eb kuptoj\u00eb logat e tyre, tregoni atyre se si \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb shikosh logat e padobishme n\u00eb ora 3:15 t\u00eb m\u00ebngjesit.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \n\"P\u00ebrse
      \nAutori i fotos       Marko Horvat<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb Unsplash<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

      Me k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrfundojm\u00eb. Materiali i ri do t\u00eb publikohet jav\u00ebn e ardhshme. N\u00ebse d\u00ebshironi t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr kursin, ju ftojm\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e hapur<\/a><\/noindex>, e cila do t\u00eb zhvillohet k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb h\u00ebn\u00eb. Dhe tani, tradicionalisht presim komentet tuaja.
      \n
      Burimi:       habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439! \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0437\u044c\u044f, \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0443 \u00abDevOps \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b\u00bb, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438. \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0451\u043c! \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 Nagios, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 NRPE \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 Nagios \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 NRPE TCP 5666 \u0438 \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0441 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":25942,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47P\u00ebrse inxhinier\u00ebt nuk interesohen p\u00ebr monitorimin e aplikacioneve? | ProHoster","description":"T\u00eb gjith\u00ebve ju uroj nj\u00eb t\u00eb premte t\u00eb k\u00ebndshme! 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