{"id":35011,"date":"2019-10-31T22:01:50","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:01:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kriticheskaya-uyazvimost-v-exim-pozvolyayushhaya-vypolnit-kod-na-servere-s-pravami-root\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:01:50","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:01:50","slug":"kriticheskaya-uyazvimost-v-exim-pozvolyayushhaya-vypolnit-kod-na-servere-s-pravami-root","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/kriticheskaya-uyazvimost-v-exim-pozvolyayushhaya-vypolnit-kod-na-servere-s-pravami-root","title":{"rendered":"Rreziku kritik n\u00eb Exim, i cili lejon ekzekutimin e kodit n\u00eb server me t\u00eb drejta root","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00eb serverin e post\u00ebs Exim u zbulua<\/a><\/noindex> kritik vulnerabiliteti<\/a><\/noindex> (CVE-2019-10149<\/a><\/noindex>), e cila mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb ekzekutimin e kodit n\u00eb distanc\u00eb n\u00eb server me t\u00eb drejta root gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkese t\u00eb formatuar ve\u00e7mas. Mund\u00ebsia e shfryt\u00ebzimit t\u00eb problemit \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrejtur n\u00eb versionet nga 4.87 deri n\u00eb 4.91 p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ose kur nd\u00ebrtohet me opsionin EXPERIMENTAL_EVENT.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb konfigurimin e paracaktuar, nj\u00eb sulm mund t\u00eb kryhet pa komplikime t\u00eb tep\u00ebrta nga nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues lokal, pasi aplikohet ACL \u00abverify = recipient\u00bb, e cila kryen kontrolle shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr adresat e jashtme. Kryerja e nj\u00eb sulmi t\u00eb larg\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur n\u00ebse ndodhin ndryshime n\u00eb cil\u00ebsimet, p\u00ebr shembull, gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs si MX i dyt\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb domain tjet\u00ebr, fshirja e ACL \u00abverify = recipient\u00bb ose disa ndryshime t\u00eb caktuara n\u00eb local_part_suffix. Nj\u00eb sulm i larg\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu i mundur n\u00ebse sulmuesi mund t\u00eb mbaj\u00eb lidhjen me serverin t\u00eb hapur p\u00ebr 7 dit\u00eb (p\u00ebr shembull, duke d\u00ebrguar nj\u00eb byte n\u00eb minut\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb evituar nd\u00ebrprerjen p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb pritjes). Megjithat\u00eb, nuk p\u00ebrjashtohet q\u00eb p\u00ebr shfryt\u00ebzimin e k\u00ebtij problemi t\u00eb ekzistojn\u00eb edhe vektor\u00eb sulmesh m\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Rrezikimi shkaktohet nga nj\u00eb kontroll i pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm i adres\u00ebs s\u00eb marr\u00ebsit n\u00eb funksionin deliver_message(), i p\u00ebrcaktuar n\u00eb skedarin \/src\/deliver.c. N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet manipulimit t\u00eb formatimit t\u00eb adres\u00ebs, sulmuesi mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb fus\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e tij n\u00eb argumentet e komand\u00ebs, e cila thirret p\u00ebrmes funksionit execv() me t\u00eb drejta root. P\u00ebr shfryt\u00ebzimin e tij nuk k\u00ebrkohet p\u00ebrdorimi i teknikave t\u00eb komplikuara, t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura gjat\u00eb mbushjes s\u00eb buffers ose d\u00ebmtimit t\u00eb memories, mjafton thjesht z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimi i simboleve. <\/p>\n

Problemi lidhet me p\u00ebrdorimin e konstrukcioneve p\u00ebr transformimin e adresave:<\/p>\n

deliver_localpart = expand_string(
\n string_sprintf(\u00ab${local_part:%s}\u00bb, new->address));
\n deliver_domain = expand_string(
\n string_sprintf(\u00ab${domain:%s}\u00bb, new->address));<\/p>\n

Funksioni expand_string() \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kombain i tepruar, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb njohjen e komand\u00ebs \u00ab${run{komanda argumente}\u00bb, q\u00eb \u00e7on n\u00eb ekzekutimin e nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuesi t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm. K\u00ebshtu, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb sulm gjat\u00eb sesionit SMTP, mjafton p\u00ebr nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues lokal t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb nj\u00eb komand\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb \u2018RCPT TO \u00abusername+${run{\u2026}}@localhost\u00bb\u2019, ku localhost \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga hostet n\u00eb list\u00ebn local_domains, dhe username \u00ebsht\u00eb emri i nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesi lokal ekzistues. <\/p>\n

N\u00ebse serveri funksionon si nj\u00eb ruter i post\u00ebs, mjafton t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohet nj\u00eb komand\u00eb \u2018RCPT TO \u00ab${run{\u2026}}@relaydomain.com\u00bb\u2019, ku relaydomain.com \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga hostet e enumeruar n\u00eb seksionin e cil\u00ebsimeve relay_to_domains. Duke qen\u00eb se n\u00eb parazgjedhje n\u00eb exim nuk aplikohet korniza e r\u00ebnies s\u00eb privilegjeve (deliver_drop_privilege = false), komandat e d\u00ebrguara p\u00ebrmes \u00ab${run{\u2026}}\u00bb do t\u00eb kryhen me t\u00eb drejtat root.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb theksohet se vulnerabiliteti ishte \u00ebsht\u00eb eliminuar<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb publikimin e shkurtit 4.92 pa theksuar se rregullimi mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb probleme me sigurin\u00eb. Nuk ka arsye p\u00ebr t\u00eb supozuar se kishte nj\u00eb fshehje t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijshme t\u00eb vulnerabilitetit nga zhvilluesit e Exim, pasi problemi u zgjidh gjat\u00eb rregullimit<\/a><\/noindex> d\u00ebshtimit q\u00eb ndodhte gjat\u00eb transmetimit t\u00eb adresave t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatshme, dhe vulnerabiliteti u identifikua nga kompania Qualys gjat\u00eb auditimit t\u00eb ndryshimeve n\u00eb Exim. <\/p>\n

Rregullimi p\u00ebr versionet e m\u00ebparshme, t\u00eb cilat vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb distribuim, tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion vet\u00ebm n\u00eb form\u00ebn e patch-it<\/a><\/noindex>. Publikimet korrigjuese p\u00ebr deg\u00ebt e m\u00ebparshme me zgjidhjen e problemit jan\u00eb planifikuar p\u00ebr 11 qershor. P\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimet e paketave jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur p\u00ebr Debian<\/a><\/noindex>, Ubuntu<\/a><\/noindex>, openSUSE<\/a><\/noindex>. Arch Linux<\/a><\/noindex> dhe Fedora<\/a><\/noindex> ofrojn\u00eb versionin 4.92, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin problemi nuk shfaqet. RHEL dhe CentOS nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm ndaj problemit<\/a><\/noindex>, pasi Exim nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e repertor\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre standard t\u00eb paketave.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435 Exim \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2019-10149), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 root \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430. \u0412\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0441 4.87 \u043f\u043e 4.91 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 EXPERIMENTAL_EVENT. \u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Vulnerabiliteti kritik n\u00eb Exim, q\u00eb lejon ekzekutimin e kodit n\u00eb server me t\u00eb drejtat e root | ProHoster","description":"N\u00eb serverin e post\u00ebs Exim \u00ebsht\u00eb zbuluar nj\u00eb vulnerabilitet 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