{"id":35044,"date":"2019-10-31T22:01:58","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:01:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/chto-testiruyut-sobesedovaniya-i-testovye-zadaniya\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:01:58","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:01:58","slug":"chto-testiruyut-sobesedovaniya-i-testovye-zadaniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/chto-testiruyut-sobesedovaniya-i-testovye-zadaniya","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7far\u00eb testojn\u00eb intervistat dhe detyrat testuese","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00eb artikullin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm habr.com\/ru\/post\/450810<\/a><\/noindex> Un\u00eb shqyrtova 7 m\u00ebnyra p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontrolluar shpejt kompetencat e specialist\u00ebve IT, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren para zhvillimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb teknike t\u00eb madhe, voluminoze dhe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuar. Aty shqyrtova thelbin e k\u00ebtyre m\u00ebnyrave dhe p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn time t\u00eb aplikimit t\u00eb tyre, si dhe arsyet pse m\u00eb p\u00eblqejn\u00eb ose jo.
\nN\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull dua t\u00eb flas p\u00ebr konceptin modern t\u00eb marrjes s\u00eb vendimeve nga njeriu, si lidhet kjo me kontrollin e aft\u00ebsive t\u00eb pun\u00ebs dhe \u00e7far\u00eb testojn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb m\u00ebnyrat e verifikimit t\u00eb kompetencave, si intervistat dhe detyrat testuese.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Pak teori<\/h3>\n

\nShkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt p\u00ebr shum\u00eb shekuj jan\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr pyetjen \u2013 si dhe pse njeriu merr ato ose k\u00ebto vendime? N\u00eb \u00e7do epok\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb pyetje \u00ebsht\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje e ndryshme \u2013 p\u00ebr mij\u00ebra vjet ka dominuar besimi n\u00eb fatin dhe vullnetin e hyjnive, pastaj p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb ishte n\u00eb mod\u00eb mendimi se njeriu \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb qenie racionale, e cila, n\u00eb thelb, vepron n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb arsyeshme dhe t\u00eb kalkuluar. Revolucioni shkencor \u00e7oi n\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh studimesh mbi reagimet e sjelljes s\u00eb \u2018njeriut racional\u2019 n\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb 20-t\u00eb. Aktualisht, koncepti m\u00eb modern dhe i pranuar n\u00eb qarqet shkencore \u00ebsht\u00eb modeli hibrid i sjelljes s\u00eb njeriut, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin psikologu Daniel Kahneman ka shkruar shum\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb artikujt e tij shkencor\u00eb dhe librat popular\u00eb t\u00eb shkenc\u00ebs. Daniel fitoi \u00e7mimin Nobel n\u00eb ekonomi p\u00ebr shkak se punimet e tij e v\u00ebrtetuan shum\u00eb teori ekonomike, q\u00eb ishin t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb modelet e marrjes s\u00eb vendimeve racionale nga njeriu. Daniel Kahneman tregoi shkurtimisht se sjellja e njeriut n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e situatave p\u00ebrcaktohet nga reagimet e automatuara t\u00eb sjelljes, q\u00eb formohen n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebs s\u00eb jet\u00ebs.
\nSipas konceptit t\u00eb Daniel Kahneman, sjellja e njeriut kontrollohet nga dy sisteme interaktive t\u00eb vendimmarrjes. Sistemi 1 - i shpejt\u00eb dhe automatik, siguron sigurin\u00eb e organismit dhe nuk k\u00ebrkon p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb konsiderueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar nj\u00eb vendim. Sakt\u00ebsia e vendimeve t\u00eb k\u00ebtij sistemi varet nga p\u00ebrvoja dhe trajnimet, nd\u00ebrsa shpejt\u00ebsia varet nga karakteristikat e sistemit nervor t\u00eb individit. Sistemi 2 - i ngadalsh\u00ebm, k\u00ebrkon p\u00ebrpjekje dhe p\u00ebrqendrim. Ai na ofron arsyetim t\u00eb komplikuar, p\u00ebrfundime logjike, parashikime t\u00eb arsyetuara. Shpejt\u00ebsia e marrjes s\u00eb vendimeve nga ky sistem \u00ebsht\u00eb disa her\u00eb m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt se shpejt\u00ebsia e Sistemit 1. Pik\u00ebrisht gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb Sistemit 2 shfaqet gjith\u00eb potenciali i inteligjenc\u00ebs s\u00eb njeriut. Megjithat\u00eb, gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebtij sistemi konsumohen fuqish\u00ebm burimet - si fizike (energji), ashtu edhe v\u00ebmendja, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb derivat i shum\u00eb burimeve. Prandaj, pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e vendimeve merret nga Sistemi 1.
\nMendoj se secili prej jush ka v\u00ebn\u00eb re se nuk mund t\u00eb mendoj\u00eb intensivisht dhe t\u00eb zgjidh\u00eb probleme t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb kohe. \u00c7do njeri ka k\u00ebt\u00eb interval t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm. Disa mund t\u00eb mendojn\u00eb intenzivisht vet\u00ebm gjysm\u00eb ore n\u00eb dit\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa disa mund t\u00eb zgjidhin probleme shum\u00eb t\u00eb komplikuara p\u00ebr 3 or\u00eb rresht. Kjo aft\u00ebsi mund t\u00eb zhvillohet, megjithat\u00eb, ajo k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb pun\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrpjekje mbi vetveten dhe megjithat\u00eb burimi i v\u00ebmendjes do t\u00eb mbetet i kufizuar.
\nT\u00eb dy sistemet punojn\u00eb s\u00eb bashku. Informacioni q\u00eb merrhet nga organet e ndjenj\u00ebs n\u00eb fillim p\u00ebrpunon Sistemi 1 i shpejt\u00eb, i cili njeh situatat e rrezikshme dhe reagon menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb rast k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimi. Gjithashtu, Sistemi 1 njeh situatat q\u00eb nuk i jan\u00eb t\u00eb njohura dhe ose vendos t'i injoroj\u00eb ato, ose aktivizon Sistemin 2. <\/p>\n

Ju lutem, shumoni 65 me 15 dhe sh\u00ebnoni p\u00ebr vete sa koh\u00eb ju mor\u00ebn k\u00ebto llogaritje.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nSi si si jeni t\u00eb interesuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si funksionon? A keni v\u00ebzhguar ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb se si luajn\u00eb profesionist\u00ebt e shahut \u2013 me cil\u00ebn shpejt\u00ebsi b\u00ebjn\u00eb l\u00ebvizjet n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb parti? P\u00ebr nj\u00eb person q\u00eb rrall\u00eb luan shah, duket se \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur t\u00eb merrni vendime t\u00eb tilla aq shpejt. Megjithat\u00eb, gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb rishikimi t\u00eb kodit, ju mund t\u00eb korrigjoni automatizisht gabimet e nivelit fillestar. Sistemi juaj 1 \u00ebsht\u00eb i aft\u00eb t\u00eb njoh\u00eb gabimet tipike t\u00eb programuesve t\u00eb rinj dhe t'i korrigjoj\u00eb ato, ashtu si nj\u00eb profesionist i shahut lexon situat\u00ebn n\u00eb tabel\u00eb dhe di se si t\u00eb l\u00ebviz\u00eb, pothuajse pa p\u00ebrpjekur mend\u00ebrisht me Sistem 2. <\/p>\n

Ju lutem, shumoni p\u00ebrs\u00ebri 65 me 15 dhe sh\u00ebnoni sa koh\u00eb ju mori ky llogaritje.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nEksperimentet e shumta kan\u00eb treguar se n\u00eb situatat q\u00eb na jan\u00eb t\u00eb njohura, pothuajse gjithmon\u00eb vendimet merren nga Sistemi 1 automatizuar dhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht e arsyeshme p\u00ebr mbijetes\u00ebn e organizmit dhe p\u00ebr shpenzimin e energjis\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt, ne veprojm\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb mjaft t\u00eb arsyeshme dhe optimale, por jo n\u00eb kuptimin e mendimit t\u00eb thell\u00eb dhe optimalitetit t\u00eb vendimeve p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse, por n\u00eb kuptimin e balanc\u00ebs midis rezultatit dhe shpenzimeve t\u00eb burimeve t\u00eb organizmit ton\u00eb. Kur po drejtoni nj\u00eb makin\u00eb n\u00eb qytet n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn tuaj p\u00ebr n\u00eb pun\u00eb, trajektorja juaj e kthesave dhe numri i accelerimeve dhe frenimeve mund t\u00eb mos jen\u00eb optimale, por n\u00eb kuptimin e detyr\u00ebs p\u00ebr t'ju d\u00ebrguar nga sht\u00ebpia n\u00eb pun\u00eb \u2013 gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e mir\u00eb. N\u00ebse ju jeni nj\u00eb garues makine dhe po drejtoni nj\u00eb makin\u00eb garash n\u00eb nj\u00eb pist\u00eb gare, vendimet tuaja p\u00ebr trajektorjen, accelerimet dhe frenimet do t\u00eb jen\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb llogaritura.
\nN\u00eb situatat e panjohura, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb t\u00eb interesuara p\u00ebr ne ose t\u00eb cilat nuk kan\u00eb mundur t'i shmangen, ne jemi t\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb veprojm\u00eb me vet\u00ebdije, duke aktivizuar v\u00ebmendjen dhe Sistemin 2. Pas disa p\u00ebrs\u00ebritjeve t\u00eb situatave shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme, rezultatet e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb Sistem 2 ruhet n\u00eb kujtes\u00eb si shenja dhe reagime dhe m\u00eb pas nuk do t'ju duhet t\u00eb shpenzoni forc\u00eb dhe koh\u00eb p\u00ebr arsyetim logjik \u2013 Sistemi 1 do t\u00eb jet\u00eb tashm\u00eb i st\u00ebrvitur p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb detyr\u00eb dhe her\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb zgjidhjen automatikisht. Disa reagime automatike me kalimin e koh\u00ebs humbasin, n\u00ebse ato nuk bien n\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb her\u00eb pas here. Aft\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb ne nuk i st\u00ebrvitm\u00eb \u2013 humbasin.<\/p>\n

Ju lutem, rip\u00ebrtrijeni 65 her\u00eb me 15. A keni v\u00ebn\u00eb re p\u00ebrparim krahasuar me p\u00ebrpjekjen e kaluar p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur k\u00ebt\u00eb detyr\u00eb?\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Si lidhet e gjitha kjo me aktivitetin e pun\u00ebs dhe verifikimin e kompetencave?<\/h3>\n

\nEksperimentet e shumta kan\u00eb treguar se n\u00eb fillim, n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb ri pune, nj\u00eb person normal, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrpjes\u00ebtuar mir\u00eb, adaptohet dhe p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb rregullat, kushtet dhe proceset e pun\u00ebs t\u00eb k\u00ebtij vendi t\u00eb ri. Megjithat\u00eb, pas nj\u00eb kohe, secili prej nesh relaksohet dhe fillon t\u00eb punoj\u00eb si\u00e7 e di. P\u00ebrpjekjet dhe angazhimi z\u00ebvend\u00ebsohen nga reagimet automatike dhe modelet e ngulitura n\u00eb Sistemin 1. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, madje edhe gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs provuese n\u00eb situata stresuese, kur k\u00ebrkohet nj\u00eb zgjidhje e shpejt\u00eb, ne reagojm\u00eb me ndihm\u00ebn e Sistemit 1 dhe jo gjithmon\u00eb si\u00e7 na kan\u00eb m\u00ebsuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vend t\u00eb ri pune.
\nN\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, mund t\u00eb thuhet se vlera jon\u00eb kryesore si punonj\u00ebs p\u00ebrmblidhet n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe nga eksperience jon\u00eb \u2013 p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht, aft\u00ebsia e Sistemit 1 ton\u00eb n\u00eb zgjidhjen e detyrave t\u00eb caktuara q\u00eb i duhen pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit. Prandaj, pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit shpesh k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb nj\u00eb punonj\u00ebs jo p\u00ebr intelektin e saj t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm, por p\u00ebr p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn e saj n\u00eb nj\u00eb fush\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar. Eksperienca vler\u00ebsohet m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa intelekti. Kjo shpjegohet me llogarit\u00eb elementare. N\u00ebse ka mjaft koh\u00eb, \u00e7do punonj\u00ebs me intelekt t\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm mund t\u00eb kuptoj\u00eb nj\u00eb tem\u00eb dhe t\u00eb zgjidh\u00eb detyrat e caktuara. Megjithat\u00eb, atij do t'i duhet t\u00eb shpenzoj\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u trajnuar dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb dhe vet\u00ebm at\u00ebher\u00eb ai do t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb zgjidh\u00eb detyrat e vendosura me cil\u00ebsi. Sistemit t\u00eb tij 2 do t'i duhet t\u00eb zgjidh\u00eb shum\u00eb detyra st\u00ebrvitore para se Sistemi 1 t\u00eb mund t\u00eb zgjidh\u00eb shpejt dhe me cil\u00ebsi detyrat reale. Kjo k\u00ebrkon koh\u00eb, e cila pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi shpesh nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i gatsh\u00ebm ta paguaj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb tarif\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb profesionali. Nj\u00eb punonj\u00ebs tjet\u00ebr, i cili ka zgjidhur tashm\u00eb detyra t\u00eb ngjashme, do ta kryej\u00eb pun\u00ebn shum\u00eb m\u00eb shpejt, pasi shumic\u00ebn e zgjidhjeve do t'ia ofroj\u00eb Sistemi 1, i trajnuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur detyra n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e nevojshme. Nj\u00eb punonj\u00ebs me p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb do t\u00eb sjell\u00eb zgjidhje cil\u00ebsore jo vet\u00ebm m\u00eb shpejt, por edhe me m\u00eb pak p\u00ebrpjekje. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb burimet e pa p\u00ebrdorura t\u00eb tij t\u00eb v\u00ebmendjes mund t\u00eb drejtohen n\u00eb zgjidhjen e detyrave t\u00eb reja t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara dhe n\u00eb fitimin e p\u00ebrvojave t\u00eb reja.
\n\u00c7far\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni \u2013 p\u00ebrvoja apo inteligjenca \u2013 pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi vendos n\u00eb \u00e7do rast individualisht. Aty ku k\u00ebrkohet nj\u00eb reagim i shpejt\u00eb ndaj nj\u00eb detyre tipike dhe nj\u00eb zgjidhje e shpejt\u00eb \u2013 shpesh zgjidhet p\u00ebrvoja. N\u00ebse megjithat\u00eb duhen zgjidhur shum\u00eb detyra t\u00eb ndryshme, por koha e zgjidhjes vler\u00ebsohet ende shum\u00eb \u2013 at\u00ebher\u00eb zgjidhet nj\u00eb person me p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb dhe inteligjenc\u00eb. N\u00ebse koha nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb kritike, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb jepet p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi nj\u00eb inteligjence pa p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb. Si\u00e7 e kuptoni \u2013 n\u00eb bot\u00ebn reale t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, ku koha nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb kritike \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb pak.<\/p>\n

Ju lutemi, p\u00ebrs\u00ebri shum\u00ebzoni 65 me 15 dhe sh\u00ebnoni p\u00ebr vete sa koh\u00eb ju zuri k\u00ebto llogaritje. A keni v\u00ebn\u00eb re se me cilin m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e keni marr\u00eb rezultatin?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

M\u00ebnyrat e verifikimit t\u00eb kompetencave nga pik\u00ebpamja e testimit t\u00eb 'Sistem\u00ebve 1' dhe 'Sistem\u00ebve 2'<\/h3>\n

\nP\u00ebrvoja \u2013 do thot\u00eb trajnimi i Sistem\u00ebs 1 \u2013 shpesh \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kriter i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, ndoshta edhe p\u00ebrcaktues, kur pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi zgjedh nj\u00eb punonj\u00ebs t\u00eb ri. Si mund ta vler\u00ebsojm\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn e kandidatit m\u00eb efektivisht dhe sakt\u00ebsisht? Le t\u00eb shohim m\u00ebnyrat e njohura t\u00eb vler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb kompetencave nga pik\u00ebpamja e asaj q\u00eb ato vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Intervistat<\/h4>\n

\nKy format n\u00ebnkupton nj\u00eb bised\u00eb midis kandidatit dhe vler\u00ebsuesit. Kryesisht, pyetjet i b\u00ebn vler\u00ebsuesi, por kandidati ka mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb lexoj\u00eb shenjat joverbale, t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb pyetje sqaruese dhe, si\u00e7 quhet, t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen e tij 'n\u00eb flak\u00eb'. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb 'provim gojor' q\u00eb na \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb i njohur. Zakonisht, intervista zhvillohet sipas nj\u00eb plani standard dhe shum\u00eb pyetje jan\u00eb gjithashtu tipike, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se ato mund t\u00eb studiohen. K\u00ebshtu, mund t\u00eb trajnohet Sistemi 1 p\u00ebr t\u00eb kaluar me sukses intervistat.
\nSuksesi i vler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb kandidat\u00ebve varet nga aft\u00ebsit\u00eb komunikuese t\u00eb t\u00eb dy pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve. Nj\u00eb kandidat, mjaft i p\u00ebrvojsh\u00ebm n\u00eb kalimin e intervistave, mund t\u00eb l\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrshtypje t\u00eb mir\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, ky rezultat arrihet jo p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs, por p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebs s\u00eb komunikimit dhe kalimit t\u00eb intervistave. Nj\u00eb kandidat i p\u00ebrgatitur, q\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjet mir\u00eb ndaj pyetjeve tipike, ka nj\u00eb ndikim mbi vler\u00ebsuesin dhe ai b\u00ebhet m\u00eb i besuesh\u00ebm ndaj kandidatit.
\nKy ky\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb thelb testimi i Sistemit 1 t\u00eb kandidatit, ndon\u00ebse shpeshher\u00eb p\u00ebrvojat q\u00eb nevojiten n\u00eb pun\u00eb nuk p\u00ebrputhen. Ai p\u00ebrshtatet mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar specialist\u00ebt q\u00eb do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb komunikojn\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb detyrat e tyre dhe t\u00eb adaptohen shpejt, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar aft\u00ebsit\u00eb teknike, sipas mendimit tim, ky metod\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb efektive. P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i sakt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb vler\u00ebsimit mund t\u00eb arrihet p\u00ebrmes pyetjeve dhe skenar\u00ebve t\u00eb pazakont\u00eb n\u00eb intervista, si dhe p\u00ebrfshirjes s\u00eb disa specialist\u00ebve vler\u00ebsues n\u00eb intervist\u00eb, gj\u00eb q\u00eb rrit koston e k\u00ebtij aktiviteti.<\/p>\n

Detyrat testuese<\/h4>\n

\nKandidati merr nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb q\u00eb e zgjidh vet\u00eb dhe m\u00eb pas paraqet rezultatin e zgjidhjes. N\u00eb thelb \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \"provim me shkrim\" q\u00eb na \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb i njohur. Kandidati ka nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme, mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb pyetje sqaruese, si dhe t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb informacion n\u00eb internet dhe madje t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb ndihm\u00ebn e miqve. N\u00ebse detyra \u00ebsht\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlikuar dhe koha e dh\u00ebn\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e mjaftueshme, ky metod\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb teston Sistemin 2, sesa Sistemin 1, dmth. inteligjenc\u00ebn, dhe jo p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn. N\u00ebse shkurtuar koha p\u00ebr kryerjen e detyr\u00ebs, rreziku i refuzimit t\u00eb kandidat\u00ebv\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb testuese t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuar rritet. N\u00ebse gjithashtu e thjeshtojm\u00eb detyr\u00ebn, japim disa detyra dhe shkurtuojm\u00eb koh\u00ebn \u2013 at\u00ebher\u00eb ky metod\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb mjet funksional, i njohur nga stoli i shkoll\u00ebs. Ai teston mir\u00eb Sistem 1. Megjithat\u00eb, nj\u00eb nga disavantazhet e tij \u00ebsht\u00eb se kontrolli i rezultateve k\u00ebrkon p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb dukshme nga specialist\u00ebt vler\u00ebsues, pasi \u00e7do zgjidhje mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb unike dhe kontrolluesit duhet t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb thelbin e zgjidhjes.<\/p>\n

B\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb Jet\u00eb<\/h4>\n

\nKandidati merr nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e zgjidh n\u00ebn mbik\u00ebqyrjen e specialistit vler\u00ebsues. Ky metod\u00eb shpesh p\u00ebrdoret gjat\u00eb procesit t\u00eb intervist\u00ebs \u2013 kur specialist\u00ebt e vler\u00ebsimit fillimisht bisedojn\u00eb dhe pastaj ofrojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur detyra. P\u00ebr kandidat\u00ebt introvert\u00eb, q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb kaluar intervista prej nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, ky metod\u00eb shpesh \u00ebsht\u00eb psikologjikisht e pak\u00ebndshme, dhe ata tregojn\u00eb rezultate jo shum\u00eb t\u00eb mira. N\u00eb mendimin tim, ky metod\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ofrohet kandidat\u00ebve si nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb ndaj detyrave testuese. Pra, ose 3-4 or\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur, ose 1-1.5 or\u00eb intervist\u00eb dhe zgjidhje detyrash n\u00eb internet. N\u00eb rast se kandidati \u00ebsht\u00eb i gatsh\u00ebm, ky metod\u00eb lejon testimin e aft\u00ebsive baz\u00eb t\u00eb Sistemit 1 n\u00eb detyra tipike, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebse t\u00eb detyrave m\u00eb t\u00eb komplikuara t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Pra, detyrat testuese duhet t\u00eb zgjidhen nga elementet e detyrave reale t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Nuk duhet ofruar detyra abstrakte, t\u00eb cilat kurr\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb hasen nga punonj\u00ebsi tuaj m\u00eb von\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00eb. <\/p>\n

Testet me varianta p\u00ebrgjigjesh<\/h4>\n

\nSi\u00e7 e dini ndoshta, provimet p\u00ebrfundimtare n\u00eb shkollat ruse tani kan\u00eb form\u00ebn e testeve (GIA dhe EGE). N\u00eb koh\u00ebn e saj, kjo shkaktoi diskutime shum\u00eb t\u00eb ndezura. Qytetar\u00ebt n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi e vler\u00ebsuan negativisht k\u00ebt\u00eb vendim t\u00eb ministris\u00eb s\u00eb arsimit. Personal, mendoj se n\u00ebse nuk merret parasysh mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e reja p\u00ebr korrupsion, z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimi i provimeve me shkrim me teste \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjidhje e mir\u00eb. Kontrolli i rezultateve t\u00eb testeve nuk k\u00ebrkon shum\u00eb koh\u00eb dhe v\u00ebmendje, leht\u00eb mund t\u00eb automatizohet. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, minimizohet subjektiviteti n\u00eb vler\u00ebsimin e njohurive. Testet lejojn\u00eb q\u00eb brenda 1-2 or\u00ebsh t\u00eb vler\u00ebsohet cil\u00ebsisht njohurit\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrvoja t\u00eb marra n\u00eb muajt ose vitet e studimeve ose pun\u00ebs. Nj\u00eb drejtues fillestar m\u00ebson rregullat e qarkullimit rrugor p\u00ebr disa muaj, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb provim duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjet n\u00eb 20 pyetje brenda 20 minutave. Praktika e dekadave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb k\u00ebtij lloji t\u00eb provimit tregon se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e mjaftueshme, n\u00ebse pyetjet testuese jan\u00eb t\u00eb hartuara si\u00e7 duhet dhe jan\u00eb mjaft t\u00eb shumta.
\nN\u00eb bot\u00ebn moderne, shumica e zgjidhjeve t\u00eb njeriut reduktohen n\u00eb zgjedhjen e nj\u00ebrit nga opsionet ekzistuese, m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshm\u00eb p\u00ebr situat\u00ebn. Ju nuk do t'ju nevojitet ndonj\u00eb specialist q\u00eb do t\u00eb shpik\u00eb nj\u00eb bi\u00e7iklet\u00eb t\u00eb re. Por, sigurisht, do t'ju duhen specialist\u00eb q\u00eb e njohin mir\u00eb p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe disavantazhet e llojeve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb bi\u00e7ikletave dhe mjeteve t\u00eb ngjashme transporti, q\u00eb do t'ju ndihmojn\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni shpejt modelin e duhur dhe ta rregulloni at\u00eb sipas nevojave tuaja. Zgjidhja e problemeve logjistike zakonisht duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet shpejt dhe nuk ka koh\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shpikur nj\u00eb bi\u00e7iklet\u00eb inovative. Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb (shum\u00eb rrall\u00eb) ndodhin situata kur ju duhen nj\u00eb bi\u00e7iklet\u00eb e re, e cila akoma nuk ekziston dhe duhet t\u00eb krijohet. Sidoqoft\u00eb, dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, nj\u00eb person q\u00eb e kupton mir\u00eb dizajnin e bi\u00e7ikletave do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb i dobish\u00ebm se nj\u00eb shpik\u00ebs universale.
\nNj\u00eb shembull tjet\u00ebr. N\u00ebse nj\u00eb programues mund t\u00eb realizoj\u00eb disa algorithma t\u00eb renditjes \u2013 ai sigurisht q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i shk\u00eblqyer, por n\u00eb jet\u00ebn reale, ai do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb i dobish\u00ebm n\u00ebse njeh metodat kryesore t\u00eb bibliotek\u00ebs baz\u00eb t\u00eb klasave t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs \u2013 atje sigurisht q\u00eb jan\u00eb implementuar disa variante t\u00eb renditjes, mjafton vet\u00ebm t\u00eb th\u00ebrras\u00ebsh funksionin e nevojsh\u00ebm. <\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfundim<\/h3>\n

\n\u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb, kur zgjidhni m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e verifikimit t\u00eb kompetencave, t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshini Sistem 2 tuaj dhe t\u00eb zgjidhni nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb me kuptim, dhe jo sipas tradit\u00ebs \u2013 \u00absepse gjithmon\u00eb e kemi b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebshtu\u00bb. Kur zgjidhni nj\u00eb metod\u00eb p\u00ebr verifikimin e kompetencave, ju rekomandoj, s\u00eb pari, t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoni se \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr ju si pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs n\u00eb aktivitetet e p\u00ebrditshme t\u00eb punonj\u00ebsit tuaj. A do t\u00eb jet\u00eb kjo aft\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur shpejt nj\u00eb rreth t\u00eb caktuar problemesh tipike, apo do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni probleme t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara, origjinale, dhe atypike.
\nN\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve, testet q\u00eb kan\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb limituar do t\u00eb ishin t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme si prov\u00eb e par\u00eb p\u00ebr kandidat\u00ebt. Ju rekomandoj teste t\u00eb vogla, t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb cilave do t\u00eb nevojiten jo m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 15-20 minuta. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhen 30-40 pyetje dhe t\u00eb testohen mjaftuesh\u00ebm njohurit\u00eb e kandidat\u00ebve. M\u00eb pas, mund t\u00eb organizoni nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb, gjat\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs mund t\u00eb shqyrtoni gabimet q\u00eb kandidat\u00ebt kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb. Testi gjithashtu mund t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb si nj\u00eb plan mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs p\u00ebr intervist\u00ebn, gjat\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs mund t\u00eb sqaroni me kandidatin arsyet pse ai ose ajo iu p\u00ebrgjigj pyetjeve t\u00eb testit n\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dhe si do t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjej, n\u00ebse pyetja do t\u00eb kishte nj\u00eb formulim t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm.
\nN\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr ju t\u00eb shihni se si punon nj\u00eb punonj\u00ebs i ardhsh\u00ebm n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur mbi detyra t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe t\u00eb izoluara, do t\u00eb ishte e p\u00ebrshtatshme t\u00eb filloni me nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb dhe m\u00eb pas t\u00eb ofroni nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb testuese. Duhet t\u00eb mbani mend se vet\u00ebm 20-25% e kandidat\u00ebve pranojn\u00eb t\u00eb kryejn\u00eb detyra testuese para intervist\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, ju e zvog\u00ebloni ndjesh\u00ebm vorr\u00ebn e p\u00ebrzgjedhjes.
\nN\u00eb artikullin tim t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm, do t\u00eb shqyrtoj m\u00eb n\u00eb detaje karakteristikat e krijimit t\u00eb testeve p\u00ebr t\u00eb verifikuar kompetencat e kandidat\u00ebve.
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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