{"id":35190,"date":"2019-10-31T22:02:50","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:02:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/eksperiment-mozhno-li-snizit-negativnye-posledstviya-dos-atak-s-pomoshhyu-proksi\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:02:50","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:02:50","slug":"eksperiment-mozhno-li-snizit-negativnye-posledstviya-dos-atak-s-pomoshhyu-proksi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/eksperiment-mozhno-li-snizit-negativnye-posledstviya-dos-atak-s-pomoshhyu-proksi","title":{"rendered":"Eksperiment: a \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb reduktohen pasojat negative t\u00eb sulmeve DoS p\u00ebrmes proxy-t","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Eksperiment: a \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb reduktohen pasojat negative t\u00eb sulmeve DoS p\u00ebrmes proxy-t\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/c0030f84f4aa98a851465010af52f7bd.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><i>Imazhi: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/photos\/FCrYdP8gohg\">Unsplash<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n<p>Sulmi i DoS \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb informative n\u00eb internetin modern. Ekzistojn\u00eb dhjet\u00ebra botnetesh q\u00eb kriminel\u00ebt i japin me qira p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer sulme t\u00eb tilla. <\/p>\n<p>Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt nga universiteti i San Diegos kan\u00eb kryer <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cryptosec.ucsd.edu\/miscpapers\/mgrid-DoS.pdf\">studim<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb lidhje me sa ndihmon p\u00ebrdorimi i proxy-ve p\u00ebr t\u00eb reduktuar efektin negativ nga sulmet DoS \u2013 ne ju paraqesim pikat kryesore t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj pune.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>Hyrja: proxy si mjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar DoS<\/h2>\n<p>\nEksperimente t\u00eb tilla kryhen her\u00eb pas here nga hulumtues t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb ndryshme, por problemi i tyre i zakonsh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e burimeve p\u00ebr modelimin e sulmeve q\u00eb jan\u00eb sa m\u00eb af\u00ebr realitetit. Testet n\u00eb ambiente t\u00eb vogla nuk lejojn\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen e pyetjeve se sa efektivisht do t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen proxy-t ndaj sulmit n\u00eb rrjete t\u00eb komplikuara, cilat parametra luajn\u00eb nj\u00eb rol ky\u00e7 n\u00eb aft\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb minimizuar d\u00ebm\u00ebt etj.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr eksperimentin, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt krijuan nj\u00eb model t\u00eb nj\u00eb aplikacioni tipik n\u00eb web \u2013 p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim tregtar elektronik. Ai funksionon me nj\u00eb klaster serverash, p\u00ebrdoruesit jan\u00eb t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb lokacione t\u00eb ndryshme gjeografike dhe p\u00ebrdorin internetin p\u00ebr t\u00eb aksesuar sh\u00ebrbimin. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb model, interneti sh\u00ebrben si nj\u00eb mjet komunikimi midis sh\u00ebrbimit dhe p\u00ebrdoruesve \u2013 ashtu funksionojn\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet web nga motor\u00ebt e k\u00ebrkimit deri te mjetet e bankarizimit online.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Eksperiment: a \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb reduktohen pasojat negative t\u00eb sulmeve DoS p\u00ebrmes proxy-t\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/9d265ec754b6cd0c8bb617a5d08cb8b0.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nSulmet DoS e b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb pamundur nd\u00ebrveprimin normal midis sh\u00ebrbimit dhe p\u00ebrdoruesve. Ekzistojn\u00eb dy tipe DoS: sulme n\u00eb nivel aplikacioni dhe n\u00eb nivel infrastrukture. N\u00eb rastin e fundit, kriminel\u00ebt sulmojn\u00eb direkt rrjetin dhe hostet ku funksionon sh\u00ebrbimi (p\u00ebr shembull, mbushin me trafik flood gjith\u00eb kapacitetin e rrjetit). N\u00eb rastin e sulmit n\u00eb nivel aplikacioni, q\u00ebllimi i kriminelit \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqja e nd\u00ebrveprimit me p\u00ebrdoruesit \u2013 p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ata d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh k\u00ebrkesash n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb rr\u00ebzuar aplikacionin. Eksperimentin e p\u00ebrshkruar i p\u00ebrket sulmeve n\u00eb nivel infrastrukture.<\/p>\n<p>Rrjetet proxy jan\u00eb nj\u00eb nga mjetet p\u00ebr t\u00eb minimizuar d\u00ebmin nga sulmet DoS. N\u00eb rastin e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb proxy, t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebrkesat nga p\u00ebrdoruesi drejt sh\u00ebrbimit dhe p\u00ebrgjigjet ndaj tyre kalojn\u00eb jo drejtp\u00ebrdrejt, por p\u00ebrmes server\u00ebve nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebs. As p\u00ebrdoruesi, as aplikacioni \"nuk e shohin\" nj\u00ebri-tjetrin drejtp\u00ebrdrejt, atyre u jan\u00eb t\u00eb disponueshme vet\u00ebm adresat e proxy. Si rezultat, sulmi ndaj aplikacionit drejtp\u00ebrdrejt \u00ebsht\u00eb i pamundur. N\u00eb kufirin e rrjetit gjenden ato q\u00eb quhen proxy edge \u2013 proxy t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm me adresat IP t\u00eb disponueshme, lidhja fillon fillimisht me ta. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Eksperiment: a \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb reduktohen pasojat negative t\u00eb sulmeve DoS p\u00ebrmes proxy-t\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/ab0a628d4b2d2faa5617ff2d0a2fa6b7.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nP\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrballuar me sukses nj\u00eb sulm DoS, rrjeti proxy duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb dy mund\u00ebsi ky\u00e7e. S\u00eb pari, nj\u00eb rrjet nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebs i till\u00eb duhet t\u00eb luaj\u00eb rolin e nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsi, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb \"t\u00eb arrij\u00eb\" n\u00eb aplikacion vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes tij. Kjo do t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtoj\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e nj\u00eb sulmi direkt ndaj sh\u00ebrbimit. S\u00eb dyti, rrjeti proxy duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb kapacitetin p\u00ebr t\u00eb ofruar p\u00ebrdoruesve mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar t\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprojn\u00eb me aplikacionin, madje edhe gjat\u00eb sulmit.<\/p>\n<h2>Infrastruktura e eksperimenti<\/h2>\n<p>\nGjat\u00eb hulumtimit u p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn kat\u00ebr komponente ky\u00e7e:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>implementimi i rrjetit proxy;<\/li>\n<li>serveri web Apache;<\/li>\n<li>mjeti p\u00ebr testimin web <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.joedog.org\/siege-home\/\">Siege<\/a><\/noindex>;<\/li>\n<li>mjeti p\u00ebr kryerjen e sulmeve <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trinoo\">Trinoo<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSimulimi u realizua n\u00eb mjedisin MicroGrid \u2013 ai mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr simulimin e rrjeteve me 20,000 router-e, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrmasa me rrjetet e operator\u00ebve Tier-1.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb rrjet tipik Trinoo p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nj\u00eb grup hostesh t\u00eb kompromentuar, mbi t\u00eb cilat \u00ebsht\u00eb instaluar demon i programit. Gjithashtu ka soft kontrolle p\u00ebr mbik\u00ebqyrjen e rrjetit dhe orientimin e sulmeve DoS. Pasi merr nj\u00eb list\u00eb adresash IP, demoni Trinoo d\u00ebrgon paketa UDP n\u00eb objektet n\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar. <\/p>\n<p>Gjat\u00eb eksperimenteve u p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn dy klastera. Simuluesi MicroGrid punonte n\u00eb nj\u00eb klaster Xeon Linux me 16 nj\u00ebsi (server\u00ebt 2.4GHz me 1 gigabajt memorie n\u00eb \u00e7do makin\u00eb), t\u00eb lidhur p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb hubi Ethernet 1 Gbps. Komponent\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb softuerik ishin vendosur n\u00eb nj\u00eb klaster me 24 nj\u00ebsi (450MHz PII Linux-cthdths me 1 GB memorie n\u00eb \u00e7do makin\u00eb), t\u00eb bashkuar me nj\u00eb hub Ethernet 100Mbps. Dy klaster\u00ebt u lidh\u00ebn me nj\u00eb kanal 1Gbps.<\/p>\n<p>Rrjeti i proxy \u00ebsht\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb nj\u00eb grup prej 1000 hostesh. Proxy-t\u00eb edge jan\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb grupin e burimeve. Proxy-t\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar me aplikacionin jan\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb hoste q\u00eb ndodhen m\u00eb af\u00ebr infrastruktur\u00ebs s\u00eb tij. Proxy-t\u00eb e tjera jan\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb midis proxy-t\u00eb edge dhe proxy-t\u00eb p\u00ebr aplikacionin. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Eksperiment: a \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb reduktohen pasojat negative t\u00eb sulmeve DoS p\u00ebrmes proxy-t\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/6fb20f98dbfe3ecbc70b5ae98f039cbd.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<i>Rrjeti p\u00ebr simulim<\/i><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuar efikasitetin e proxy-ve si nj\u00eb mjet kund\u00ebr sulmeve DoS, studiuesit mat\u00ebn produktivitetin e aplikacionit n\u00eb skenar\u00eb t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm t\u00eb ndikimeve t\u00eb jashtme. N\u00eb total, n\u00eb rrjetin e proxy-ve kishte 192 proxy (64 prej tyre ishin edge). P\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer sulmin, u krijua nj\u00eb rrjet Trinoo, i p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb 100 demon\u00eb. \u00c7do demon kishte nj\u00eb kanal prej 100Mbps. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e barabart\u00eb me nj\u00eb botnet prej 10,000 routerash sht\u00ebpiak\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>U mat ndikimi i sulmit DoS mbi aplikacionin dhe rrjetin e proxy-ve. N\u00eb konfigurimin eksperimental, aplikacioni kishte nj\u00eb kanal interneti prej 250Mbps, nd\u00ebrsa \u00e7do proxy edge kishte nj\u00eb kanal prej 100 Mbps.<\/p>\n<h2>Rezultatet e eksperimentit<\/h2>\n<p>\nSipas rezultateve t\u00eb analiz\u00ebs, sulmi ndaj 250Mbps rrit ndjesh\u00ebm koh\u00ebn e p\u00ebrgjigjes s\u00eb aplikacionit (rreth dhjet\u00ebfish), duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb pap\u00ebrdorsh\u00ebm. Megjithat\u00eb, me p\u00ebrdorimin e rrjetit t\u00eb proxy-ve, sulmi nuk ka ndikim t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb performanc\u00eb dhe nuk p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebson p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesve. Kjo ndodh sepse proxy-t\u00eb edge e zbutin efektin e sulmit, nd\u00ebrsa sasia totale e burimeve t\u00eb rrjetit t\u00eb proxy-ve \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se sa e aplikacionit vet\u00eb. <\/p>\n<p>Sipas statistikave, n\u00ebse fuqia e sulmit nuk tejkalon 6.0Gbps (nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb kapaciteti total i kanaleve t\u00eb proxy-ve edge \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm 6.4Gbps), 95% e p\u00ebrdoruesve nuk p\u00ebrjetojn\u00eb nj\u00eb ulje t\u00eb ndjeshme t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, n\u00eb rastin e nj\u00eb sulmi shum\u00eb t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm, q\u00eb tejkalon 6.4Gbps, madje edhe p\u00ebrdorimi i rrjetit t\u00eb proxy-ve nuk do t\u00eb mund ta shmangte degradaimin e nivelit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e fundit.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Eksperiment: a \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb reduktohen pasojat negative t\u00eb sulmeve DoS p\u00ebrmes proxy-t\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/9b4e3c44ae9c1c93582f8366d82a9a99.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nN\u00eb rastet e sulmeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruara, kur fuqia e tyre p\u00ebrqendrohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb proxy-ve edge. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast sulmi bllokon nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb rrjetit t\u00eb proxy-ve, prandaj nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e konsiderueshme e p\u00ebrdoruesve do t\u00eb v\u00ebrejn\u00eb nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie n\u00eb performanc\u00eb. <\/p>\n<h2>P\u00ebrfundimet<\/h2>\n<p>\nRezultatet e eksperimenteve tregojn\u00eb se rrjetet proxy mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsojn\u00eb performanc\u00ebn e aplikacioneve TCP dhe t\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel sh\u00ebrbimi t\u00eb njohur p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit, edhe n\u00eb rastet e sulmeve DoS. Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb marra, rrjetet proxy rezultojn\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efektive p\u00ebr t\u00eb minimizuar pasojat e sulmeve, mbi 90% e p\u00ebrdoruesve gjat\u00eb eksperimenteve nuk ndjen\u00eb nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, studiuesit zbuluan se me rritjen e madh\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb rrjetit proxy, shkalla e sulmeve DoS q\u00eb ai mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb rritet gjithashtu praktikisht n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb lineare. Prandaj, sa m\u00eb i madh t\u00eb jet\u00eb rrjeti, aq m\u00eb efektive do t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00ebn kund\u00ebr DoS.<\/p>\n<h2>Linqe dhe materiale t\u00eb dobishme nga <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/infatica.io\">Infatica<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/infatica\/blog\/453168\/\">K\u00ebrkimi: krijimi i nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimi proxy t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm ndaj bllokimeve duke p\u00ebrdorur teorin\u00eb e lojrave<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/infatica\/blog\/452438\/\">Historia e luft\u00ebs kund\u00ebr censur\u00ebs: si funksionon metoda flash proxy e krijuar nga shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt e MIT dhe Stanfordit<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/infatica\/blog\/451832\/\">Si t\u00eb kuptoni kur proksi g\u00ebnjejn\u00eb: verifikimi i lokacioneve fizike t\u00eb proksive rrjetor\u00eb me an\u00eb t\u00eb algoritmit t\u00eb gjeolokacionit aktiv<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/infatica\/blog\/452334\/\">Si t\u00eb maskoheni n\u00eb internet: krahasimi i proksive server dhe rezidente<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Burimi: habr.com<\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: Unsplash DoS-\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u2013 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0435. 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\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043e\u0442 DoS-\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a \u2013 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u044b \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b. \u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u044c\u0431\u044b 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