{"id":35805,"date":"2019-10-31T22:06:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:06:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/inzhenery-spasayut-propavshih-v-lesu-lyudej-no-les-poka-ne-sdaetsya\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:06:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:06:26","slug":"inzhenery-spasayut-propavshih-v-lesu-lyudej-no-les-poka-ne-sdaetsya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/inzhenery-spasayut-propavshih-v-lesu-lyudej-no-les-poka-ne-sdaetsya","title":{"rendered":"Inxhinier\u00ebt shpatojn\u00eb njer\u00ebzit e humbur n\u00eb pyll, por pylli ende nuk dor\u00ebzohet","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Inxhinier\u00ebt
\n
\n\u00c7do vit, shp\u00ebtimtar\u00ebt k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb dhjet\u00ebra mij\u00ebra njer\u00ebz q\u00eb kan\u00eb humbur n\u00eb kushte t\u00eb egra. Nga qytetet, fuqia jon\u00eb teknologjike duket kaq e madhe saq\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb \u00e7do detyr\u00eb. Sikur t\u00eb merrnim nj\u00eb duzin\u00eb dron\u00ebsh, t\u00eb vendosnim kamerat dhe termovizor\u00ebt n\u00eb \u00e7do nj\u00ebsi, t\u00eb lidhim nj\u00eb rrjet nervor dhe gjith\u00e7ka \u2014 do t\u00eb gjenim k\u00ebdo brenda 15 minutash. Por k\u00ebto nuk jan\u00eb ashtu si\u00e7 duken.<\/p>\n

Deri tani, teknologjit\u00eb hasin nj\u00eb num\u00ebr kufizimesh dhe skuadrat e shp\u00ebtimit p\u00ebrshkruajn\u00eb zona t\u00eb m\u00ebdha me qindra vullnetar\u00eb. <\/p>\n

Vitin e kaluar, fondacioni bamir\u00ebs \u00abSistemi\u00bb nisi projektin \u00abOdissea\u00bb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur teknologji t\u00eb reja p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimin e njer\u00ebzve. N\u00eb t\u00eb marrin pjes\u00eb qindra inxhinier\u00eb dhe konstruktues. Por edhe njer\u00ebzit teknikisht t\u00eb pajisur dhe me p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk e kuptonin se sa e pap\u00ebrshkueshme \u00ebsht\u00eb pylli p\u00ebr teknologjit\u00eb.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 2013, n\u00eb fshatin Sinsk n\u00eb Yakutia, u zhduk\u00ebn dy vajza t\u00eb vogla \u2014 Alina Ivanova dhe Ayana Vinokurova. U mobilizuan forca kolosale p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimin e tyre: u d\u00ebrguan nj\u00ebqind vullnetar\u00eb, ekipe shp\u00ebtimi, zhyt\u00ebs, dhe dron\u00eb me termograma. Pamjet nga helikopteri u postuan n\u00eb internet, q\u00eb t\u00eb mund t\u00eb shikoheshin nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb. Por forcat nuk mjaftuan. \u00c7far\u00eb ndodhi me vajzat mbetet ende e panjohur.<\/p>\n

Yakutia \u00ebsht\u00eb e madhe. Sikur t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb shtet, do t\u00eb ishte n\u00eb dhjet\u00ebshen m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe sipas sip\u00ebrfaqes. Por n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb territor gjigand jetojn\u00eb m\u00eb pak se nj\u00eb milion njer\u00ebz. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb tajg\u00eb t\u00eb pafund dhe t\u00eb q\u00ebndruar, Nikolai Nakhodkin punoi p\u00ebr 12 vjet n\u00eb Sh\u00ebrbimin e Shpelulimit t\u00eb Yakutis\u00eb, 9 prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve si drejtor. Kur kushtet jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtirat dhe burimet jan\u00eb t\u00eb pakta, duhet t\u00eb shpikim m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb reja p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar njer\u00ebzit. Dhe si\u00e7 thot\u00eb Nikolai, idet\u00eb vijn\u00eb jo nga nj\u00eb jet\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb. <\/p>\n

\"Inxhinier\u00ebt
\nNikolai Nakhodkin<\/i><\/p>\n

Q\u00eb prej vitit 2010, Sh\u00ebrbimi i Shp\u00ebtimit t\u00eb Jakutis\u00eb ka p\u00ebrdorur dron\u00eb. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb nga MShS e RF, e financuar nga vet\u00eb republika. Atje nuk ka rregulla kaq t\u00eb rrepta p\u00ebr pajisjet, prandaj n\u00eb MShS dron\u00ebt filluan t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren ndjesh\u00ebm m\u00eb von\u00eb. Po ashtu, n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim ekziston nj\u00eb grup shkencor, ku inxhinier\u00ebt entuziast\u00eb merren me zhvillimin e teknologjive praktike p\u00ebr shp\u00ebtuesit. <\/p>\n

\u00abMetodat ekzistuese t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor MCHS, sh\u00ebrbimet e shp\u00ebtimit dhe struktura t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb forcave nuk kan\u00eb ndryshuar q\u00eb nga vitet '30. Nj\u00eb ndjek\u00ebs ndjek gjurm\u00ebt, nj\u00eb qen ndihmon q\u00eb t\u00eb mos humbas\u00eb\u00bb, thot\u00eb Alexander Aitov, i cili ishte udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi i grupit shkencor. \u00abN\u00ebse nj\u00eb person nuk gjendet, nj\u00eb fshat, dy, apo tre n\u00eb Yakuti ngriten. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb bashkohen dhe kontrollojn\u00eb pyjet. P\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar nj\u00eb njeri t\u00eb gjall\u00eb, \u00e7do or\u00eb ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi, dhe koha shkon shum\u00eb shpejt. Ajo gjithmon\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e pak\u00ebt. Kur ndodhi tragjedia n\u00eb Sinsk, u angazhuan shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz dhe teknologji, por pa rezultat. Situata t\u00eb ngjashme ndodhin n\u00eb k\u00ebrkime n\u00eb tajg\u00ebn e pakalueshme. P\u00ebr ta ndrequr k\u00ebt\u00eb, lindi ideja q\u00eb t\u00eb mos e shohim personin e humbur si nj\u00eb nyje pasive, por t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim d\u00ebshir\u00ebn e tij p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar dhe etjen e tij aktive p\u00ebr jet\u00eb.\u00bb<\/p>\n

Shp\u00ebtimtar\u00ebt-inxhinier\u00eb vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb mbledhin sinjalizues shp\u00ebtimi zhurmues dhe ndri\u00e7ues - pajisje mjaft t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, por t\u00eb lehta, q\u00eb prodhojn\u00eb tinguj t\u00eb fort\u00eb dhe ndri\u00e7ojn\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, duke t\u00ebrhequr v\u00ebmendjen gjat\u00eb dit\u00ebs dhe nat\u00ebs. Njeriu i humbur, duke arritur tek ato, do t\u00eb gjej\u00eb uj\u00eb, biskota dhe sh\u00ebnim - m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u ulur dhe pritur shp\u00ebtimtar\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebto fara ndodhen n\u00eb nj\u00eb distanc\u00eb prej tri kilometrash nga nj\u00ebra-tjetra dhe rrethojn\u00eb nj\u00eb zon\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebraf\u00ebrt k\u00ebrkimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb humbur. Ato emiton nj\u00eb tingull t\u00eb ul\u00ebt, si\u00e7 b\u00ebn nj\u00eb makin\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb \u2014 sepse frekuencat e larta shp\u00ebrndahen shum\u00eb m\u00eb keq n\u00eb pyll. Shpesh t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuarit mendonin se po shkonin nga tingulli i rrug\u00ebs ose t\u00eb grupit t\u00eb turist\u00ebve q\u00eb po p\u00ebrgatiteshin p\u00ebr t\u00eb ikur. <\/p>\n

\"Inxhinier\u00ebt
\n
\nFarat ishin jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb thjeshta. Grupi shkencor nuk kishte aplikuar p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb zgjidhje elementare, por gjeniale. <\/p>\n

\u00abAtje, p\u00ebr shembull, zhvilluan nj\u00eb kostum notues p\u00ebr shp\u00ebtimtar\u00ebt. Pantallonat dhe xhaketat duken si veshje normale t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, por n\u00eb uj\u00eb e mbajn\u00eb njeriun n\u00eb flotim. N\u00ebse flasim krejt utilitarisht, kostumi \u00ebsht\u00eb dyfish. Brenda jan\u00eb t\u00eb imbikatuara granula poliurethani. Ka nj\u00eb zhvillim p\u00ebr zhytesit n\u00eb temperatura t\u00eb ul\u00ebta. Kur ajri i comprimuar zgjerohet n\u00eb t\u00eb ftoht\u00eb, ventilet mbulohen me akull, dhe njeriut i iken fryma. Disa institute nuk mund\u00ebn t\u00eb mendonin se si t\u00eb trajtojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u2014 po zhvillonin materiale t\u00eb posa\u00e7me, b\u00ebnin ngrohje elektrike, implementonin qasje t\u00eb ndryshme moderne.\u00bb <\/p>\n

Djemi yn\u00eb zgjodh\u00ebn problemin p\u00ebr 500 rubla. Ajri i ftoht\u00eb, i cili vjen nga botella (nd\u00ebrsa n\u00ebn uj\u00eb shkojn\u00eb dhe n\u00eb -57), ata e kaluan p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb zgjidhjeje q\u00eb kalonte p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb termos kinez. Ajri ngrohet, njer\u00ebzit shkojn\u00eb n\u00ebn uj\u00eb dhe mund t\u00eb punojn\u00eb atje. <\/p>\n

Por farat ishin shum\u00eb t\u00eb thjeshta, shum\u00eb funksione t\u00eb dobishme u mungonin. Gjat\u00eb operacioneve t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit, shp\u00ebtimtari duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkonte vazhdimisht distanca t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontrolluar \u00e7do far\u00eb. N\u00ebse ka dhjet\u00eb fara \u2014 at\u00ebher\u00eb shp\u00ebtimtari duhet t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb 30 km n\u00ebp\u00ebr tajg\u00eb \u00e7do 3-4 or\u00eb. <\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 2018, fondi bamir\u00ebs \"Sistemi\" filloi projektin \"Odisea\" \u2014 nj\u00eb gar\u00eb p\u00ebr ekipe q\u00eb p\u00ebrmes teknologjive t\u00eb reja do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb m\u00ebnyra m\u00eb t\u00eb reja p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar njer\u00ebzit e humbur n\u00eb natyr\u00ebn e eg\u00ebr. Nikolai Nakhodkin dhe Alexander Aitov me miqt\u00eb e tij vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb marrin pjes\u00eb \u2014 e quajt\u00ebn ekipin \"Nakhodka\" dhe mor\u00ebn pajisjen e tyre m\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb, p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar at\u00eb n\u00eb gar\u00eb me t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

\n\"Inxhinier\u00ebt
\n
\nSipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga Ministria e Brendshme, n\u00eb vitin 2017, n\u00eb Rusi jan\u00eb humbur pothuajse 84 mij\u00eb persona, dhe gjysma e tyre nuk jan\u00eb gjetur. \u00c7do person i humbur \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar n\u00eb mesatarisht nga nj\u00eb qind njer\u00ebz. Prandaj, misioni i konkursit \u00abOdiseja\u00bb ishte \u00abt\u00eb krijonte teknologji q\u00eb do t\u00eb ndihmonte n\u00eb gjetjen e personave t\u00eb humbur n\u00eb pyll pa burim komunikimi. K\u00ebto mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb pajisje, sensor\u00eb, dron\u00eb, mjete t\u00eb reja komunikimi dhe gjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb imagjinata juaj mund t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u00abNga zgjidhjet jo t\u00eb dukshme \u2013 apo fantaziste \u2013 mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendet nj\u00eb dirigjable e pajisur me nj\u00eb sistem bioradiolokacioni. Por ekipi nuk kishte nj\u00eb prototip dhe u kufizua vet\u00ebm n\u00eb prezantimin e ides\u00eb s\u00eb tyre\u00bb, tregon eksperti i konkursit Maksim Chizhov.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb ekip tjet\u00ebr vendosi t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb nj\u00eb sensor sizmik \u2014 nj\u00eb pajisje q\u00eb midis vibracioneve n\u00eb tok\u00eb mund t\u00eb njoh\u00eb hapat njer\u00ebzor\u00eb dhe t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb drejtimin nga vijn\u00eb ata. Me ndihm\u00ebn e prototipit, madje arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb gjenin nj\u00eb statit, i cili p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonte \u00abpersonin e humbur\u00bb (si\u00e7 i quajt\u00ebn me dashuri pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit), por ekipi nuk kaloi shum\u00eb larg n\u00eb konkurs. <\/p>\n

N\u00eb qershor 2019, pas disa provave st\u00ebrvitore n\u00eb pyjet e rajoneve t\u00eb Leningradit, Mosk\u00ebs dhe Kalug\u00ebs, 19 ekipet m\u00eb t\u00eb mira kaluan n\u00eb gjysm\u00ebfinale. Ata kishin p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur dy statist\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb zon\u00eb prej 4 kilometra katror\u00eb brenda dy or\u00ebve. Nj\u00ebri l\u00ebvizte n\u00eb pyll, nd\u00ebrsa tjetri kishte mbetur n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend. \u00c7do ekip kishte dy mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr ta gjetur personin. <\/p>\n

\u00abMes gjysm\u00ebfinalist\u00ebve, nj\u00eb ekip d\u00ebshiroi t\u00eb krijonte nj\u00eb grumbull dron\u00ebsh, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt duhej t\u00eb fluturonin n\u00ebn deg\u00ebt e pem\u00ebve, t\u00eb menaxhuar nga inteligjenca artificiale, duke vendosur drejtimin e l\u00ebvizjes, duke shkuar rreth trungjeve dhe duke u shmangur nga deg\u00ebt dhe lisat. Duke p\u00ebrdorur AI, ai do t\u00eb analizonte ambientin dhe do t\u00eb identifikonte personin. <\/p>\n

\"Inxhinier\u00ebt
\n
\nPor kjo zgjidhje \u00ebsht\u00eb ende mjaft larg realizimit n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb funksionale. Mendoj se do t\u00eb nevojitet rreth nj\u00eb vit q\u00eb t\u00eb punoj\u00eb edhe n\u00eb kushte testuese\u00bb, thot\u00eb Maksim Chizhov.<\/p>\n

Ekipi \"ALB-kerkim\" ishte af\u00ebr suksesit. Ata kishin me vete nj\u00eb altoparlant q\u00eb lidhej me radiome, nj\u00eb mikrofon q\u00eb mund t\u00eb d\u00ebgjonte ambientin p\u00ebrreth, nj\u00eb kamer\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb kompjuter me AI dhe nj\u00eb rrjet nervor t\u00eb st\u00ebrvitur, q\u00eb p\u00ebrpunonte imazhet nga kamera n\u00eb koh\u00eb reale, ku mund t\u00eb shfaqej nj\u00eb njeri. <\/p>\n

\"Operatori mund t\u00eb analizonin jo mij\u00ebra imazhe, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb fizikisht e pamundur, por dhjet\u00ebra apo madje nj\u00ebsi, dhe pastaj t\u00eb merrnin nj\u00eb vendim: t\u00eb ndryshonin rrug\u00ebn e dronit, t\u00eb nevojitej nj\u00eb dron shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr survejim ose menj\u00ebher\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonin grupin e k\u00ebrkimit.\"<\/p>\n

Por shumica e ekipeve u p\u00ebrball\u00ebn me probleme t\u00eb ngjashme - teknologjit\u00eb u treguan t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr kushtet reale t\u00eb pyllit.<\/p>\n

\n\"Inxhinier\u00ebt
\n
\nVizioni kompjuterik, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin shum\u00eb u mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebn, punonte gjat\u00eb testeve n\u00eb parqe dhe hap\u00ebsira pyjore - por doli t\u00eb ishte i padobish\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb pyll t\u00eb dendur. <\/p>\n

Termovizor\u00ebt, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt u mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebn rreth nj\u00eb t\u00eb tret\u00ebs s\u00eb ekipeve, u treguan gjithashtu t\u00eb pasuksessh\u00ebm. Gjat\u00eb ver\u00ebs \u2014 kur ndodhin m\u00eb shum\u00eb humbje njer\u00ebzish \u2014 gjelb\u00ebrimi ngrohet aq shum\u00eb sa shnd\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb njoll\u00eb t\u00eb nxeht\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb m\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb kryhen k\u00ebrkime p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr gjat\u00eb nat\u00ebs, por p\u00ebrs\u00ebri ka shum\u00eb njolla t\u00eb nxehta \u2014 pem\u00ebt e ngrohta, kafsh\u00ebt dhe shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra t\u00eb tjera. Nj\u00eb kamer\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndihmonte p\u00ebr verifikimin e vendeve t\u00eb dyshimta, por gjat\u00eb nat\u00ebs ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb pak e dobishme. <\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, doli se termovizor\u00ebt ishin t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u siguruar. \"Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kufizimeve t\u00eb vendosura nga BE dhe vende t\u00eb tjera, termovizor\u00ebt e mir\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm n\u00eb Rusi,\" tha Alexey Grishaev nga ekipi \"Vershina\", i cili u mb\u00ebshtet pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb teknologji.<\/p>\n

\"Termovizor\u00ebt e disponuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb treg kan\u00eb dalje dixhitale me frekuenc\u00eb 5-6 kadra n\u00eb sekond\u00eb dhe dalje analoge video shtes\u00eb me frekuenc\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, por me cil\u00ebsi t\u00eb ul\u00ebt imazhi. Si rezultat, ne gjet\u00ebm nj\u00eb termovizor shum\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb kinez. Mund t\u00eb themi se na u desh fat \u2014 n\u00eb Mosk\u00eb kishte vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb. Por ai jepte imazh n\u00eb nj\u00eb monitor t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, ku nuk dukej asgj\u00eb.\"<\/p>\n

Shumica e ekipeve p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn pik\u00ebrisht daljen video. Ekipi yn\u00eb arriti t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoj\u00eb modelin dhe t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb imazh t\u00eb kualitetit t\u00eb lart\u00eb digjital me 30 kadro n\u00eb sekond\u00eb. Rezultati ishte nj\u00eb termovizion n\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel shum\u00eb serioz. P\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht, vet\u00ebm modelet ushtarake ndoshta jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mira. <\/p>\n

Por edhe k\u00ebto probleme jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm fillimi. Gjat\u00eb atij koha t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr, q\u00eb UAV fluturoi mbi zon\u00ebn e k\u00ebrkimit, kamerat dhe termovizionet mor\u00ebn dhjet\u00ebra mij\u00ebra imazhe. T\u00eb d\u00ebrgosh ato n\u00eb pik\u00ebn e nisjes n\u00eb fluturim ishte e pamundur \u2014 as interneti, as sinjal celular nuk kishte mbi pyll. Prandaj, droni kthehej n\u00eb pik\u00ebn e nisjes, nga ku ngarkoheshin regjistrimet, duke shpenzuar jo m\u00eb pak se gjysm\u00eb hore, dhe p\u00ebrfundimisht duke marr\u00eb nj\u00eb sasi materiali q\u00eb fizikisht nuk mund t\u00eb shqyrtohej as p\u00ebr or\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb situat\u00eb, ekipi 'V\u00ebshtrimi' p\u00ebrdori nj\u00eb algorit\u00ebm special, i cili n\u00ebnvizonte imazhet ku u gjet\u00ebn anomali termike. Kjo reduktonte koh\u00ebn e p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. <\/p>\n

\u00abE pam\u00eb se nuk ishin t\u00eb gjitha ekipet q\u00eb erdh\u00ebn p\u00ebr provimet kualifikuese q\u00eb kuptonin se \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb pylli. N\u00eb pyll, sinjali radio p\u00ebrhapet ndryshe dhe humbet mjaft shpejt\u00bb, shpalli n\u00eb nj\u00eb konferenc\u00eb shtypi Maksim Chizhov. \u00abV\u00ebm\u00eb re edhek\u00ebnaq\u00ebsin\u00eb e ekipeve kur lidhja humbte q\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb distanc\u00eb prej nj\u00eb kilometri e gjysm\u00eb nga pika e nisjes. P\u00ebr disa ishte nj\u00eb befasi q\u00eb nuk kishte internet mbi pyll. Por, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb realiteti. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb ai pyll ku njer\u00ebzit humbasin\u00bb. <\/p>\n

Teknologjia mbi baz\u00ebn e fishekzjarr\u00ebve ka treguar rezultate t\u00eb mira. N\u00eb finale kaluan kat\u00ebr ekipe, tre prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve mb\u00ebshteteshin pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb zgjidhje. Mes tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb dhe \u00abNahodka\u00bb nga Yakutia.<\/p>\n

\n\"Inxhinier\u00ebt
\n
\n\u00abKur e pam\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb xhung\u00ebl t\u00eb Podmoskovjes, menj\u00ebher\u00eb kuptuam \u2014 nuk ka \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb dron\u00ebt atje. \u00c7do mjet \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr detyr\u00ebn e vet, dhe ata jan\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr inspektimin e hap\u00ebsirave t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb hapura\u00bb, thot\u00eb Aleksand\u00ebr Aitov.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb gjysm\u00ebfinale, n\u00eb ekip ishin vet\u00ebm tre persona q\u00eb shkuan k\u00ebmb\u00ebs n\u00eb pyll dhe vendos\u00ebn sinjalizues n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e k\u00ebrkimit. Dhe nd\u00ebrsa shum\u00eb po zgjidhnin detyrat inxhinierike, NaFindja punonte si shp\u00ebtimtar\u00eb. \"Duhet t\u00eb aplikosh nj\u00eb psikologji jo bujq\u00ebsore, kur thjesht mbulon nj\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe. Duhet t\u00eb comportohesh si shp\u00ebtimtar, t\u00eb vendosesh n\u00eb vendin e t\u00eb humburit, t\u00eb shoh\u00ebsh drejtimin e mundsh\u00ebm, ku ai mund t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb, p\u00ebrmes cilave gjurm\u00ebve.\"<\/p>\n

Por sinjalizuesit e 'NaFindjes' n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb moment nuk ishin m\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb si disa vite m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb Yakuti. Me ndihm\u00ebn e granteve t\u00eb 'Sistemit', inxhinier\u00ebt e ekipit zhvilluan nj\u00eb teknologji komunikimi me radio. Tani, kur gjejn\u00eb nj\u00eb sinjalizues, personi shtyp nj\u00eb buton, shp\u00ebtimtar\u00ebt menj\u00ebher\u00eb marrin sinjal dhe e din\u00eb sakt\u00ebsisht se n\u00eb cilin sinjalizues do t'i pres\u00eb i humburi. UAV-ja nuk nevojitet p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkim, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngritur n\u00eb aj\u00ebr nj\u00eb rip\u00ebrs\u00ebrit\u00ebs t\u00eb sinjalit t\u00eb radios dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur radien e transmetimit t\u00eb sinjalit t\u00eb aktivizimit nga sinjalizuesit.<\/p>\n

Dy ekipe t\u00eb tjera kan\u00eb zhvilluar komplekse t\u00eb t\u00ebra k\u00ebrkimi bazuar n\u00eb farer\u00eb z\u00ebri. P\u00ebr shembull, ekipi i MMV Rescue ka krijuar nj\u00eb rrjet farer\u00ebsh portativ\u00eb, ku \u00e7do far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb ritransmetues, duke lejuar transmetimin e sinjalit t\u00eb aktivizimit t\u00eb tij, edhe n\u00eb rast se nuk ka lidhje radio direkte me qendr\u00ebn e k\u00ebrkimit. <\/p>\n

\u00abKemi nj\u00eb grup entuziast\u00ebsh q\u00eb po e marrin k\u00ebt\u00eb detyr\u00eb p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb,\u00bb thon\u00eb ata. \u00abKemi punuar n\u00eb industri t\u00eb tjera \u2014 teknologji, IT, kemi specialist\u00eb nga fusha hap\u00ebsinore. U mblodh\u00ebm, e diskutuar dhe vendos\u00ebm t\u00eb krijojm\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjidhje t\u00eb till\u00eb. Kritere kryesore ishin kosto e ul\u00ebt dhe thjesht\u00ebsi p\u00ebrdorimi. Q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit pa trajnim t\u00eb mund t'i marrin dhe t'i p\u00ebrdorin.\u00bb<\/p>\n

Ekipi tjet\u00ebr \u2014 \u00abStratonaut\u00ebt\u00bb \u2014 me ndihm\u00ebn e nj\u00eb zgjidhjeje t\u00eb ngjashme arriti t\u00eb gjej\u00eb statistin m\u00eb shpejt nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb. Ata zhvilluan nj\u00eb aplikacion t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm q\u00eb gjurmoi si pozitat e dronit, ashtu edhe vendndodhjen e farer\u00ebve dhe pozitat e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shp\u00ebtimtar\u00ebve. Druzi q\u00eb transportonte farer\u00ebt sh\u00ebrbente gjithashtu si nj\u00eb ritransmetues p\u00ebr t\u00ebr\u00eb sistemin, p\u00ebr t'u siguruar q\u00eb sinjali nga farer\u00ebt t\u00eb mos humbas\u00eb n\u00eb pyll.<\/p>\n

\u00abNuk ishte thjesht. Nj\u00eb nga dit\u00ebt na lag\u00ebn mir\u00eb. Dy nga njer\u00ebzit tan\u00eb shkuan n\u00eb pyll p\u00ebrmes thikave, dhe kuptuan se kjo nuk ishte aspak nj\u00eb piknik. Por t\u00eb lodhur dhe t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur u kthyen \u2014 pasi gjet\u00ebm njeriun n\u00eb t\u00eb dyja p\u00ebrpjekjet brenda 45 minutash\u00bb, rr\u00ebfen Stanislav Yurchenko nga \u00abStratonauts\u00bb. <\/p>\n

\u00abNe soll\u00ebm me ndihm\u00ebn e dron\u00ebve ndri\u00e7ues n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb zon\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar mbulimin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh. Gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb fluturimi, droni mund t\u00eb transportoj\u00eb nj\u00eb ndri\u00e7ues. K\u00ebshtu zgjat \u2014 por \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb shpejt se nj\u00eb njeri. Ne p\u00ebrdor\u00ebm dron\u00eb t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl kompakt\u00eb DJI Mavic \u2014 nj\u00eb ndri\u00e7ues me p\u00ebrmasat e tij. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb maksimumi q\u00eb mund t\u00eb transportoj\u00eb, por rezulton t\u00eb jet\u00eb ekonomik. Sigurisht, do t\u00eb donim t\u00eb gjendeshim nj\u00eb zgjidhje plot\u00ebsisht autonome. Me AI, q\u00eb droni t\u00eb skanoj\u00eb pyllin dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb piketat e hedhjes. Tani kemi nj\u00eb operator, dhe pas nj\u00eb kilometri, n\u00ebse nuk p\u00ebrdorim pajisje t\u00eb tjera \u2014 lidhja mbaron. Prandaj, n\u00eb etap\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb p\u00ebr di\u00e7ka\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Por\u00eb v\u00ebrtet, asnj\u00eb ekip nuk gjeti nj\u00eb njeri t\u00eb pal\u00ebvizur, dhe m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja - nuk e gjeti asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb. Teoretikisht, shanset p\u00ebr ta gjetur at\u00eb mbet\u00ebn vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr ekipin 'Doma', i cili, pavar\u00ebsisht t\u00eb gjitha v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsive, arriti t\u00eb gjente njeriun dhe t\u00eb kalonte n\u00eb finale me ndihm\u00ebn e nj\u00eb termovizori dhe kamere.<\/p>\n

\n\"Inxhinier\u00ebt
\n
\n\u00abFillimisht kishim iden\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdornim dy dron\u00eb t\u00eb tipit aeroplan\u00bb, thot\u00eb Aleksei Grishaev nga 'Doma', \u00abI zhvilluam ata p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen e atmosfer\u00ebs, dhe ende kemi detyr\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb BPL me \u00e7do mot. Vendos\u00ebm t'i provonim edhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gar\u00eb. Shpejt\u00ebsia e secilit \u00ebsht\u00eb nga 90 deri n\u00eb 260 km\/h. Shpejt\u00ebsi e madhe dhe karakteristika unike aerodinamike t\u00eb dron\u00ebve sigurojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e k\u00ebrkimit n\u00eb \u00e7do kusht moti dhe lejojn\u00eb scanimin e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb zon\u00ebs s\u00eb caktuar\u00bb. <\/p>\n

P\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi e k\u00ebtyre aparateve \u00ebsht\u00eb se ato nuk bien kur ndalon motori, por vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb planifikojn\u00eb dhe ulen me nj\u00eb parashut\u00eb. Disavantazhi \u00ebsht\u00eb se ato nuk jan\u00eb aq manovrues sa quadcopter\u00ebt. <\/p>\n

N\u00eb dronin kryesor \u00abV\u00ebshtrimi\u00bb \u00ebsht\u00eb instaluar nj\u00eb termovizor i p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar dhe nj\u00eb kamer\u00eb me rezolucion t\u00eb lart\u00eb, kurse n\u00eb dronin e dyt\u00eb ka vet\u00ebm kamer\u00eb. N\u00eb bordin e dronit kryesor ndodhet nj\u00eb mikrokompjuter, i cili me ndihm\u00ebn e softuerit t\u00eb zhvilluar nga ekipi zbulon vet\u00eb anomalit\u00eb termike dhe d\u00ebrgon koordinatat e tyre me nj\u00eb imazh t\u00eb detajuar nga t\u00eb dy kamerat. \u00abK\u00ebshtu, nuk na nevojitet t\u00eb shohim t\u00eb gjith\u00eb materialin drejtp\u00ebrdrejt, q\u00eb, p\u00ebr ta kuptuar, \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 12,000 fotografi p\u00ebr or\u00eb fluturimi.\u00bb<\/p>\n

Por, ekipi e krijoi teknologjin\u00eb e avionit s\u00eb fundmi dhe kishte ende shum\u00eb probleme \u2014 me sistemin e nisjes, me parashut\u00ebn, me pilotin automatik. \u00abKishim frik\u00eb ta merrnim n\u00eb prova \u2014 mund t\u00eb rr\u00ebzohej. Donim t\u00eb evitonim ndonj\u00eb problem teknik. Prandaj, mor\u00ebm nj\u00eb zgjidhje klasike \u2014 DJI Matrice 600 Pro.\u00bb<\/p>\n

Pavar\u00ebsisht t\u00eb gjitha v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsive, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb t\u00eb cilave shum\u00eb e braktis\u00ebn kamer\u00ebn dhe termovizorin, V\u00ebshtrimi arriti t\u00eb gjej\u00eb nj\u00eb statist. Kjo k\u00ebrkoi shum\u00eb pun\u00eb, s\u00eb pari me termovizorin, dhe s\u00eb dyti me m\u00ebnyrat e k\u00ebrkimit vet\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb tre muajve, ekipi testoi nj\u00eb teknologji q\u00eb mund\u00ebsoi kamer\u00ebs termike t\u00eb shihte tok\u00ebn nd\u00ebrmjet kurorave t\u00eb pem\u00ebve. \"Ishte nj\u00ebfar\u00eb fati, sepse rruga e statistik\u00ebve kalonte p\u00ebrmes pyjeve t\u00eb till\u00eb, sa asnj\u00eb kamer\u00eb termike nuk do t\u00eb shihte asgj\u00eb. Dhe n\u00ebse nj\u00eb njeri ishte lodhur dhe u ulte diku n\u00ebn nj\u00eb bredh \u2014 do t\u00eb ishte e pamundur ta gjeje at\u00eb.\"
\nQysh n\u00eb fillim, ne hoq\u00ebm dor\u00eb nga hetimi i plot\u00eb i pyllit me dron\u00ebt tan\u00eb. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, vendos\u00ebm t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb p\u00ebr njer\u00ebz duke fluturuar mbi pasazhe, hap\u00ebsira dhe zona t\u00eb hapura. Arrita n\u00eb vend para kohe p\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuar terrenin, dhe duke p\u00ebrdorur t\u00eb gjitha hartat online t\u00eb disponueshme, \u00e7izova itinerar\u00ebt p\u00ebr dron\u00ebt vet\u00ebm mbi ato vende ku n\u00eb teori mund t\u00eb shihet nj\u00eb njeri.\" <\/p>\n

Sipas Alexey, p\u00ebrdorimi i disa dron\u00ebve s\u00eb bashku \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i shtrenjt\u00eb (nj\u00eb transportues me zgjidhjen teknike p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkim n\u00eb bord kushton m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 2 milion rubla), por n\u00eb fund do t\u00eb nevojitet. Ai mendon se kjo ofron shansin p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar nj\u00eb statist q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb pal\u00ebvizshme. \"Fillimisht d\u00ebshironim t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonim p\u00ebr nj\u00eb njeri q\u00eb po shtrihej. Na dukej se do ta gjendnim leht\u00ebsisht t\u00eb l\u00ebvizurin. Nd\u00ebrsa ekipet me sinjale \u2014 k\u00ebrkonin vet\u00ebm ata q\u00eb l\u00ebviznin.\"<\/p>\n

\n\"Inxhinier\u00ebt
\n
\nE kam pyetur Alexander Aitov nga ekipi \u00ab\u041d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0430\u00bb \u2014 a nuk i duket se t\u00eb gjith\u00eb e kan\u00eb varrosur paraprakisht njeriun statik? Sepse p\u00ebr t\u00eb, dritat sinjalizuese jan\u00eb t\u00eb padobishme.<\/p>\n

Ai u mendua. M\u00eb dukej se t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ekipet e tjera flisnin me buz\u00ebqeshje dhe zjarr n\u00eb sy p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e problemeve inxhinierike. Djemt\u00eb nga MMS Rescue b\u00ebn\u00eb shaka se drita e humbur mund t\u00eb bjer\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht mbi nj\u00eb njeri t\u00eb shtrir\u00eb. \u00abStratonavt\u00ebt\u00bb pranuan se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb super detyr\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ende nuk ka ide. Nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb shp\u00ebtimtar nga \u00ab\u041d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0430\u00bb filloi t\u00eb flas\u00eb, si\u00e7 m\u00eb dukej, me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrzierje trishtimi dhe shprese:<\/p>\n

\u2014 Ne kemi humbur nj\u00eb vajz\u00eb n\u00eb tajg\u00eb, n\u00eb tre vjet e gjysm\u00eb. Ajo kaloi aty dymb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb dit\u00eb, dhe k\u00ebrkimet jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr dhjet\u00eb dit\u00eb nga nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i madh njer\u00ebzish. Kur e gjet\u00ebn, ajo ishte e shtrir\u00eb n\u00eb bar, nga lart ajo nuk dukej fare. U gjet vet\u00ebm me kalimin p\u00ebrmes k\u00ebrkimit.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse do t\u00eb ishin vendosur dritat sinjalizuese\u2026 n\u00eb tre vjet e gjysm\u00eb, f\u00ebmija \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm. Dhe ndoshta, ajo do t'i afrohej dhe do t\u00eb shtypte butonin. Mendoj se nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e jet\u00ebve do t\u00eb ishin shp\u00ebtuar.<\/p>\n

\u2014 A e shp\u00ebtuan at\u00eb?<\/p>\n

\u2014 Po, e shp\u00ebtuan.<\/p>\n

\nN\u00eb vjesht\u00eb, kat\u00ebr ekipet e mbetura do t\u00eb shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb rajonin e Vologod\u00ebs dhe detyra p\u00ebr ta do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet shum\u00eb m\u00eb e komplikuar \u2014 t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb nj\u00eb person n\u00eb nj\u00eb rreze prej 10 kilometrash. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb nj\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe prej m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 300 kilometrash katror\u00eb. N\u00eb kushte ku droni ka tridhjet\u00eb minuta fluturim, shikimi pengohet nga kurorat, nd\u00ebrsa lidhja humbet tashm\u00eb pas nj\u00eb kilometri. Si\u00e7 thot\u00eb Maksim Chizhov, asnj\u00eb prototip nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gati p\u00ebr k\u00ebto kushte, edhe pse beson se t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kan\u00eb shanse. Grigori Sergeev, kryetar i ekipit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit dhe shp\u00ebtimit \u201eLiza Alert\u201c shton: <\/p>\n

\u201eSot ne jemi gati t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim disa teknologji nga ato q\u00eb kemi par\u00eb, dhe kjo do t\u00eb jet\u00eb efektive. Dhe ju inkurajoj t\u00eb gjith\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit dhe ata q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebs \u2013 djem, provoni teknologjit\u00eb! Ejani t\u00eb na ndihmoni n\u00eb k\u00ebrkimin! Dhe at\u00ebher\u00eb askush nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb sekret se pylli nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i qart\u00eb p\u00ebr sinjalin e radios, nd\u00ebrsa termocamera nuk sheh p\u00ebrtej kurorave. \u00cbndrrat e mia kryesore jan\u00eb \u2013 me m\u00eb pak forca t\u00eb gjejm\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz.\u201c
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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