{"id":35854,"date":"2019-10-31T22:07:10","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:07:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/vzglyad-iznutri-aspirantura-v-epfl-chast-4-2-finansovaya-storona\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:07:10","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:07:10","slug":"vzglyad-iznutri-aspirantura-v-epfl-chast-4-2-finansovaya-storona","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/vzglyad-iznutri-aspirantura-v-epfl-chast-4-2-finansovaya-storona","title":{"rendered":"Nj\u00eb v\u00ebshtrim nga brenda: studimi n\u00eb EPFL. Pjesa 4.2: ana financiare","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Nj\u00eb<\/p>\n

Kur vizitoni nj\u00eb vend, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb mos ngat\u00ebrrohet turizmi me emigrimin.
\nMen\u00e7uria popullore<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nSot do t\u00eb doja t\u00eb shqyrtoja, ndoshta, pyetjen m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u2013 balanc\u00ebn financiare gjat\u00eb studimeve, jetes\u00ebs dhe pun\u00ebs jasht\u00eb. N\u00eb kat\u00ebr pjes\u00ebt e m\u00ebparshme (1<\/a><\/noindex>, 2<\/a><\/noindex>, 3<\/a><\/noindex>, 4.1<\/a><\/noindex>) p\u00ebrpiqesha sa mund\u00ebm t\u00eb shmang k\u00ebt\u00eb tem\u00eb, por n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull do t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbyllim nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb mbi statistik\u00ebn e shum\u00ebvje\u00e7are t\u00eb pagave dhe shpenzimeve.<\/p>\n

Kujdes:<\/b> Tema \u00ebsht\u00eb delikate, dhe shum\u00eb pak jan\u00eb t\u00eb gatsh\u00ebm ta shpjegojn\u00eb hapur, megjithat\u00eb, do t\u00eb provojm\u00eb. \u00c7do gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb paraqitur m\u00eb posht\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje e reflektimit mbi realitetin p\u00ebrreth, nga ana nj\u00ebr\u00ebs, dhe gjithashtu p\u00ebrcaktimi i disa orientimeve p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr \u2013 nga ana tjet\u00ebr.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Vendi si nj\u00eb sistem taksash<\/h2>\n

\nSistemi i taksimit n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr funksionon si\u00e7 funksionojn\u00eb or\u00ebt zvicerane: sakt\u00ebsisht dhe me disiplin\u00eb. T\u00eb mos paguash \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, megjithat\u00eb ekzistojn\u00eb m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb ndryshme. Ka shum\u00eb shtesa dhe leht\u00ebsira tatimore (p.sh., ka zbritje p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e transportit publik, ushqimet n\u00eb vendin e pun\u00ebs, blerjen e pajisjeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimit, n\u00ebse ato k\u00ebrkohen p\u00ebr pun\u00eb, etj.).<\/p>\n

Si\u00e7 e p\u00ebrmenda n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e kaluar<\/a><\/noindex>, n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr ekziston nj\u00eb sistem taksimi me tre nivele: federal (taks\u00eb e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb), kantonal (e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb brenda kantonit) dhe komunal (e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb brenda komun\u00ebs aka<\/i> fshatrave\/qyteteve). N\u00eb parim, taksat jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta se n\u00eb vendet p\u00ebrreth, megjithat\u00eb pagesat shtes\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb n\u00eb fakt t\u00eb detyrueshme, han\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb diferenc\u00eb, por mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb do t\u00eb flas\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb artikullit.<\/p>\n

Por gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb mir\u00eb, derisa t\u00eb vendosni t\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb familje \u2013 k\u00ebtu taksat sapo rriten. Kjo shpjegohet me faktin se tani ju jeni nj\u00eb \"nj\u00ebsi shoq\u00ebrore\", t\u00eb ardhurat tuaja p\u00ebrzihen (p\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetje, shkalla progresive), sepse familja do t\u00eb konsumoj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb, dhe duhen lindur f\u00ebmij\u00eb, m\u00eb pas kopshtie-shkolla-universitet, shumica e t\u00eb cilave jan\u00eb n\u00eb bilancin shtet\u00ebror, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb paguani diku m\u00eb shum\u00eb, diku m\u00eb pak. Vendor\u00ebt shpesh jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb martes\u00eb civile, sepse ekonomia duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb e kursyer, ose jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb kantone me taksa t\u00eb ul\u00ebta (p.sh., Zug<\/a><\/noindex>), dhe punojn\u00eb n\u00eb \"kanto\" t\u00eb \"trasha\" (p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb Cyrih \u2013 rreth 30 minuta me train nga Zug). Disa vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb pati p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb rregulluar situat\u00ebn dhe, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos rritur taksat p\u00ebr familjet n\u00eb krahasim me njer\u00ebzit beqar\u00eb \u2013 nuk kaloi.<\/p>\n

Peripetit\u00eb e referendum\u00ebve<\/b>Shpesh, n\u00ebn pretekstin e referendum\u00ebve t\u00eb dobish\u00ebm, p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb disa zgjidhje dhe propozime t\u00eb dyshimta. N\u00eb parim, ideja nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e keqe \u2013 ulja e taksave p\u00ebr ata t\u00eb martuar, e sidomos p\u00ebr ata me f\u00ebmij\u00eb; mb\u00ebshtetjeja p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ide n\u00eb fillim ishte shum\u00eb e lart\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, partia e krishter\u00eb q\u00eb iniciatoi referendumet vendosi t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb nj\u00eb definicion t\u00eb martes\u00ebs si \"bashkim t\u00eb nj\u00eb burri dhe nj\u00eb gruaje\" \u2013 fatkeq\u00ebsisht, k\u00ebshtu ata humb\u00ebn mb\u00ebshtetje nga shumica. Toleranca.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, kur keni nj\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb, ose madje dy, taksat paksa zvog\u00eblohen, sepse tani keni n\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje nj\u00eb an\u00ebtar t\u00eb ri t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb. Dhe n\u00ebse vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb nga bashk\u00ebshort\u00ebt punon, at\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb prisni subvencione dhe leht\u00ebsira t\u00eb ndryshme, sidomos n\u00eb lidhje me sigurimin sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb manipuloj dhe - mos qoft\u00eb Zot - t\u00eb shmang\u00ebsh taksat, at\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00eb ka nj\u00eb dhe vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb u kapur n\u00eb mashtrime fiskale dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb falur. Pra, mund t\u00eb korrigjosh situat\u00ebn e kaluar dhe reputacionin e njollosur, natyrisht, duke paguar t\u00eb gjitha taksat e papaguara. M\u00eb pas \u2013 gjykat\u00eb, varf\u00ebri, lamp\u00eb, tenda lumpe p\u00ebrball\u00eb pallatit Rumin n\u00eb Lozan\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"Nj\u00eb
\n\u00ab\u041b\u044e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u043d-\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u00bb: \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u00ab\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438\u00bb \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f \u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438…<\/i><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb planifikojn\u00eb t\u00eb shp\u00ebrngulen dhe t\u00eb paguajn\u00eb taksat vet\u00eb (p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebrmes hapjes s\u00eb firm\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre), k\u00ebtu<\/a><\/noindex> m\u00eb shum\u00eb detaje jan\u00eb shpjeguar.<\/p>\n

Nga e mira \u2013 deklarata fiskale nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme deri sa t\u00eb ardhurat tuaja t\u00eb mos kalojn\u00eb ~120k n\u00eb vit, dhe firma ndihmon n\u00eb praktik\u00ebn \"taxe a la source\", dhe leja \u2013 B (e p\u00ebrkohshme). Sa her\u00eb q\u00eb merr C, ose paga p\u00ebrfundon mbi ~120k, \u2013 ju lutemi paguani taksat vet\u00eb (t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn, n\u00eb kantonin Va duhet t\u00eb dor\u00ebzohet nj\u00eb deklarat\u00eb). Si\u00e7 v\u00ebren Grafit<\/a><\/noindex>, n\u00eb kantonet gjermanishtfol\u00ebse, si Cyrihi, Schwic, Zug ose Shkalleni i Shenjt\u00eb, kjo duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet. Ose n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb dor\u00ebzoni dokumente p\u00ebr zbritje (shih m\u00eb lart + pilari i tret\u00eb pensionar), at\u00ebher\u00eb gjithashtu duhet t\u00eb plot\u00ebsohet deklarata (mund\u00ebsisht n\u00eb nj\u00eb skem\u00eb t\u00eb thjeshtuar).<\/p>\n

E kuptueshme q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb ta b\u00ebsh k\u00ebt\u00eb vet\u00eb p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb, prandaj p\u00ebr 50-100 franga nj\u00eb i dashur djedh\u00eb fuduzi (aka<\/i> tr\u00f6yhender, gjermanisht Treuh\u00e4nder, nga ana tjet\u00ebr r\u0451shtigraben<\/a><\/noindex>) do ta plot\u00ebsoj\u00eb at\u00eb p\u00ebr ty me l\u00ebvizje t\u00eb rafinuara (e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme - besoni, por kontrolloni!). Dhe vitin tjet\u00ebr mund ta b\u00ebsh vet\u00eb sipas shembullit t\u00eb tij.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, Zvicra \u00ebsht\u00eb kon<\/b>federat\u00eb, dhe si pasoj\u00eb, taksat ndryshojn\u00eb nga kantoni n\u00eb kanton, nga qyteti n\u00eb qytet dhe nga fshati n\u00eb fshat. N\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e kaluar<\/a><\/noindex> kam p\u00ebrmendur q\u00eb mund t\u00eb fitosh nga taksat duke u transferuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb fshat. N\u00eb internet ka nj\u00eb kalkulator<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili tregon qart\u00eb se sa mund t\u00eb kursej\u00eb ose humbas\u00eb nj\u00eb person nga trasferimi nga Lozana, p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb Ekuplan (nj\u00eb periferi ku ndodhet EPFL).<\/p>\n

\"Nj\u00eb
\nPamja e liqenit Leman pran\u00eb Vev\u00ebs, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar trishtimin fiskal<\/i><\/p>\n

Taksat p\u00ebr ajrin<\/h3>\n

\nN\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr ka taksa natyrale \"p\u00ebr ajrin\".<\/p>\n

Billag<\/a><\/noindex> \u0438\u043b\u0438 Serafe<\/a><\/noindex> nga 01.01.2019. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb taksa q\u00eb shum\u00eb e \"duan\" - taksa p\u00ebr mund\u00ebsin\u00eb potenciale<\/b> p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb televizon dhe d\u00ebgjuar radio. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00ebn ton\u00eb - p\u00ebr ajrin. Natyrisht, interneti p\u00ebrfshihet gjithashtu, dhe pasi q\u00eb telefoni (lexo - smartphone) tani \u00ebsht\u00eb praktikisht n\u00eb duar t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve, \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb dhe shum\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb shk\u00ebputesh prej tij.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb par\u00eb ishte ndarja n\u00eb radio (~190 CHF n\u00eb vit) dhe TV (~260 CHF n\u00eb vit) p\u00ebr \u00e7do familje<\/b> (po, nj\u00eb chalet t\u00eb ver\u00ebs \u2013 nj\u00eb familje tjet\u00ebr), pas nj\u00eb referendumi t\u00eb fundit shuma u unifikuar (~365 CHF n\u00eb vit, nj\u00eb frang\u00eb \u00e7do dit\u00eb), pa marr\u00eb parasysh n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb radio apo TV, dhe gjithashtu u obliguan t\u00eb paguajn\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha familjet pavar\u00ebsisht nga prania e nj\u00eb marr\u00ebse. P\u00ebr drejt\u00ebsi duhet t\u00eb theksohet se student\u00ebt, pensionist\u00ebt dhe - papritur - punonj\u00ebsit RTS<\/a><\/noindex> nuk paguajn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb taks\u00eb. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, p\u00ebr mos pages\u00eb ka nj\u00eb gjob\u00eb - deri n\u00eb 5000 franga, q\u00eb i jep nj\u00eb goditje t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, di disa raste kur nj\u00eb person nuk e paguante k\u00ebt\u00eb taks\u00eb principialisht p\u00ebr disa vite dhe nuk ishte nd\u00ebshkuar.<\/p>\n

No, dhe pika mbi i: n\u00ebse do t\u00eb peshkosh - pagu energjin\u00eb p\u00ebr licenc\u00eb, ka kufizime t\u00eb rrepta p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn e peshkimit, n\u00ebse do t\u00eb gjuash - pagu energjin\u00eb p\u00ebr licenc\u00eb, ruaj arm\u00ebn si\u00e7 duhet, dhe gjithashtu t\u00eb biesh brenda kuotave p\u00ebr gjuetin\u00eb e kafsh\u00ebve t\u00eb egra. Nj\u00eb njoh\u00ebs zviceran m\u00eb tha p\u00ebr gjuetin\u00eb se gjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb kapet duhet t'i dor\u00ebzohet shtetit.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb kafsh\u00eb sht\u00ebpiake, duhet t\u00eb paguash tatim (deri n\u00eb 100-150 franga n\u00eb qytet dhe pothuajse aspak n\u00eb fshat). N\u00ebse nuk paguan, nuk e ka b\u00ebr\u00eb identifikimin e kafsh\u00ebs \u2013 duhet t\u00eb paguash gjob\u00eb! Arrin deri n\u00eb komedi: policia gjat\u00eb patrullimit n\u00ebp\u00ebr rrug\u00eb ndalon portugez\u00ebt me qen dhe p\u00ebrpiqet t'u jap\u00eb gjob\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Dhe p\u00ebrs\u00ebri, do t\u00eb theksoj n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dialektike se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen \u00e7antat n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat pronar\u00ebt e kafsh\u00ebve jan\u00eb t\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb marrin jashtqitjet e t\u00eb dashurve t\u00eb tyre, p\u00ebrdorimi i hap\u00ebsirave t\u00eb specializuara p\u00ebr sh\u00ebtitjen e qenve t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj me infrastruktur\u00ebn p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse, si dhe pastrimi i rrug\u00ebve dhe mungesa praktike e kafsh\u00ebve sht\u00ebpiake t\u00eb endura n\u00eb qytete (dhe n\u00eb fshatra gjithashtu). Pastrimi dhe siguria!<\/p>\n

N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb imagjinosh nj\u00eb aktivitet q\u00eb nuk tatimohet, megjithat\u00eb, taksat shkojn\u00eb p\u00ebr q\u00ebllimet p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb mbledhur: p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb - p\u00ebr socialen, p\u00ebr qen\u00ebt - p\u00ebr kafsh\u00ebt, dhe p\u00ebr plehrat - p\u00ebr plehrat... M\u00eb kujtohet p\u00ebr plehrat!<\/p>\n

Grupimi i plehrave<\/h3>\n

\nT\u00eb fillojm\u00eb me faktin se \u00e7do familje n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr paguan nj\u00eb tarif\u00eb p\u00ebr heqjen e plehrave (kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tarif\u00eb baz\u00eb, si nj\u00eb tatim). Megjithat\u00eb, kjo nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se tani mund t\u00eb hedh\u00ebsh \u00e7do lloj plehu kudo q\u00eb t\u00eb doj\u00eb. P\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb blini \u00e7anta speciale me \u00e7mim mesatar 1 frank p\u00ebr 17 litra. Deri p\u00ebrpara pak koh\u00ebsh, ato nuk ishin t\u00eb pranishme vet\u00ebm n\u00eb kantonet Gjenev\u00eb dhe Valais, por q\u00eb nga viti 2018, ato ndihm\u00ebn edhe ato. Pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye t\u00eb gjith\u00eb zviceran\u00ebt e \u201cduan\u201d kaq shum\u00eb grupimin e plehrave: let\u00ebr, plastik\u00eb (p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb PET), qelq, kompost, vaj, bateria, alumini, hekuri, etj. T\u00eb katra m\u00eb kryesore jan\u00eb kat\u00ebr t\u00eb parat. Grupimi ndihmon t\u00eb kursej\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7antat p\u00ebr plehrat e zakonshme.<\/p>\n

Ekziston nj\u00eb policia e plehrave, e cila mund t\u00eb kontrolloj\u00eb rast\u00ebsisht se \u00e7far\u00eb hedhni bashk\u00eb me letr\u00ebn, kompostin ose plehrat e zakonshme. N\u00ebse ka shkelje (p\u00ebr shembull, hedhja e ambalazhit plastik me letr\u00ebn ose nj\u00eb bateri Li n\u00eb plehrat e zakonshme), at\u00ebher\u00eb sipas gjurm\u00ebve n\u00eb vet\u00eb plehrat mund t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb individin dhe t'i jepet gjob\u00eb. N\u00eb disa raste, mund t\u00eb merrni edhe nj\u00eb fatur\u00eb p\u00ebr pagimin e pun\u00ebs orare t\u00eb vet\u00eb detektiveve t\u00eb plehrave, pra t\u00eb jeni n\u00eb nj\u00eb pozit\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb. Shkalla \u00ebsht\u00eb progresive dhe pas 3-4 gjobash, individi mund t\u00eb regjistrohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb list\u00eb t\u00eb zez\u00eb, e cila tashm\u00eb paraqet rreziqe.<\/p>\n

Po nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, n\u00ebse keni d\u00ebshir\u00eb t\u00eb hidhni plehra n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb zakonshme n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend publik ose t\u00eb vendosni n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb kazan plehrash t\u00eb dikujt.<\/p>\n

Sigurimi \u00ebsht\u00eb si tatimet, por vet\u00ebm sigurimi.<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr ka shum\u00eb lloj sigurimesh: p\u00ebr papun\u00ebsi, p\u00ebr shtatz\u00ebni, siguri mjek\u00ebsore (si t\u00eb ngjashme me OM\u0160 dhe DM\u0160 ton\u00eb), p\u00ebr udh\u00ebtime n\u00eb jasht\u00eb (zakonisht b\u00ebhet me OM\u0160), sigurim stomatologjik, p\u00ebr invaliditet, nga aksidentet, sigurim pensioni, nga zjarri dhe katastrofat natyrore (ECA<\/a><\/noindex>), p\u00ebr qira t\u00eb apartamenteve (RCA), p\u00ebr mbrojtjen nga d\u00ebmtimi i pron\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve (po, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ndryshe nga RCA), sigurimi i jet\u00ebs, REGA<\/a><\/noindex> (evakuimi nga malet, i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb ver\u00eb p\u00ebr ecje dhe dim\u00ebr p\u00ebr ski), ligjore (p\u00ebr komunikim t\u00eb leht\u00eb dhe pa shqet\u00ebsime n\u00eb gjykata) dhe ky \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e vog\u00ebl e list\u00ebs. P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb kan\u00eb makina, ka edhe nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb: OSAG lokal, KASKO, thirrja e ndihm\u00ebs teknike (TCS<\/a><\/noindex>) dhe t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb qytetar i zakonsh\u00ebm mendon se sigurimi \u00ebsht\u00eb si nj\u00eb fondacion ku gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb falas. Po nxitoj t\u00eb ju zhg\u00ebnjej: sigurimi \u00ebsht\u00eb biznes, dhe biznesi duhet t\u00eb sjell\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura, qoft\u00eb n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb, qoft\u00eb n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr. N\u00eb terma t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb: shum\u00ebn e t\u00eb ardhurave \u2013 shuma e pagesave \u2013 shuma e pagave dhe shpenzimeve t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejta, t\u00eb cilat, natyrisht, jan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 0 (ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb edhe reklamat dhe pagesat e bonuseve p\u00ebr agjent\u00ebt e sigurimeve p\u00ebr klient\u00ebt e rinj), duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb vler\u00eb duksh\u00ebm pozitive. Vini re, jo t\u00eb barabart\u00eb, jo m\u00eb pak, por strikt m\u00eb shum\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"Nj\u00eb
\nPak m\u00eb shum\u00eb natyra zvicerane: pamja e Montreux nga banka tjet\u00ebr.<\/i><\/p>\n

Ja nj\u00eb shembull i nj\u00eb mashtrimi t\u00eb sinqert\u00eb n\u00eb vendin e duhur.<\/p>\n

Si e mashtroi CSS student\u00ebt n\u00eb vitin 2014.<\/b>Pra, ishte viti 2014, nuk prekte ask\u00ebnd. Autoritetet zvicerane, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00eb kontrolli rutinor, zbuluan se nj\u00eb nga kompanit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb sigurimit \u2013 CSS \u2013 p\u00ebr \u00e7do vit merrte n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb paligjshme nga buxheti kompensime prej 200-300k franga p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbuluar kostot e \u00abOM\u0160\u00bb p\u00ebr student\u00ebt. D\u00ebmtyrimi p\u00ebr 10 vjet arriti deri n\u00eb 3 milion franga. E \u00e7far\u00eb, biznes i shk\u00eblqyer!<\/p>\n

N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, student\u00ebt PhD u p\u00ebrjashtuan nga sigurimi i student\u00ebve dhe u detyruan t\u00eb paguajn\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht, si t\u00eb rritur (u prezantua nj\u00eb kufizim n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura p\u00ebr vitin).<\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb b\u00ebri CSS?! Pendoi, kompensoi di\u00e7ka, ndihmoi ndonj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb? Jo, thjesht d\u00ebrgoi nj\u00eb njoftim se q\u00eb nga nj\u00eb dat\u00eb e caktuar, studenti i nderuar nuk mbulohet m\u00eb nga sigurimi i tyre, dhe le t\u00eb rritet bari p\u00ebr t\u00eb. T\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb tjerat \u2013 jan\u00eb problemet tuaja, zot\u00ebrinj!<\/p>\n

Detajet k\u00ebtu<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Sigurimi sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor: kur vdekja \u00ebsht\u00eb ende larg, por trajtimi \u00ebsht\u00eb tashm\u00eb von\u00eb<\/h2>\n

\nDhe, pasi po flasim p\u00ebr sigurimin sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb ndalemi k\u00ebtu, pasi tema \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e komplikuar dhe shum\u00eb ambigue.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr, funksionon nj\u00eb sistem bashk\u00ebfinancimi p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimet mjek\u00ebsore, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se \u00e7do muaj i siguruari paguan nj\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar, pastaj derisa t\u00eb arrij\u00eb shum\u00ebn e franchise, klienti paguan vet\u00eb. Sistemi \u00ebsht\u00eb i organizuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb duke rritur franquen, kontribuimi mujor zvog\u00eblohet proporcionalisht, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb n\u00ebse nuk planifikoni t\u00eb s\u00ebmureni dhe nuk keni familje\/f\u00ebmij\u00eb, merrni me guxim franquen maksimale. N\u00ebse ndihma mjek\u00ebsore kushton m\u00eb shum\u00eb se franga, at\u00ebher\u00eb fillon t\u00eb paguaj\u00eb sigurimi (n\u00eb disa raste, klienti do t\u00eb ket\u00eb obligimin t\u00eb paguaj\u00eb edhe 10%, por jo m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 600-700 n\u00eb vit).<\/p>\n

\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u2014 2500 + 700 + ~250-300×12 = 6200-6800 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0441\u044c: \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 minimumi<\/b> pa subvencione.<\/p>\n

S\u00eb pari<\/b>, n\u00ebse planifikoni t\u00eb udh\u00ebtoni me ambulanca ose t\u00eb q\u00ebndroni gjat\u00eb n\u00eb spitale \u2013 ju rekomandoj t\u00eb mendoni p\u00ebr nj\u00eb sigurim t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, q\u00eb do t\u00eb mbuloj\u00eb k\u00ebto shpenzime.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb e njohur ime ra n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjumje n\u00eb pun\u00eb, koleg\u00ebt e saj t\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm thirr\u00ebn ambulanc\u00ebn. Nga vendi i pun\u00ebs n\u00eb spital \u2013 15 minuta n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb (sic!<\/b>), por ambulanca ka nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb rrug\u00ebt dhe p\u00ebr kjo gjithashtu merr rreth 10-15 minuta. Pra, p\u00ebrfundimisht, 15 minuta n\u00eb ambulanc\u00eb kushtuan ~750-800 franga<\/b> (kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 50k lek\u00eb) p\u00ebr thirrjen. Pra, edhe n\u00ebse do t\u00eb lindni \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb merrni taksi, se do t'ju kushtoj\u00eb 20 her\u00eb m\u00eb pak. Ambulanca k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr raste v\u00ebrtet t\u00eb komplikuara.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr reference: nj\u00eb dit\u00eb n\u00eb spital kushton nga 1 000 franga (n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb procedurave dhe repartit), q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e krahasueshme me q\u00ebndrimin n\u00eb Montreux ose Lozan palas (hotel me nivel 5 yje +).<\/p>\n

S\u00eb dyti<\/b>, mjek\u00ebt jan\u00eb nj\u00eb nga profesionet m\u00eb me pages\u00ebn e lart\u00eb, edhe n\u00ebse ata nuk b\u00ebjn\u00eb asgj\u00eb. 1 minut\u00eb e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre kushton x kredite (\u00e7do mjek ka \u201cvler\u00ebsimin\u201d e vet n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb specializimit dhe kualifikimeve), \u00e7do kredit kushton 4-5-6 franga. Takimi standard zgjat 15 minuta, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb jan\u00eb kaq t\u00eb sjellsh\u00ebm dhe pyesin p\u00ebr motin, ndjenjat etj. Dhe meqen\u00ebse mjekimi \u00ebsht\u00eb biznes (n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet sigurimeve, natyrisht), dhe biznesi duhet t\u00eb sjell\u00eb fitim \u2013 e kuptoni, apo jo?! \u2013 \u00e7mimi i sigurimeve rritet mesatarisht me 5-10% n\u00eb vit (n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr, inflacioni praktikisht nuk ekziston, mund t\u00eb merrni nj\u00eb hipotek\u00eb me 1-2%). P\u00ebr shembuj, nga viti 2018 deri n\u00eb vitin 2019, diferenca ishte 306-285=21 franga ose 7.3%<\/b> tek Assura p\u00ebr sigurimin m\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Dhe si nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr qershi mbi tort\u00eb, fitimi i nj\u00eb mosmarr\u00ebveshjeje me mjek\u00ebt lokal\u00eb q\u00eb i kan\u00eb shkaktuar d\u00ebm sh\u00ebndetit pacientit \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gar\u00eb shoq\u00ebrore mjaft e shtrenjt\u00eb dhe problematike. N\u00eb fakt, p\u00ebr k\u00ebto q\u00ebllime ekziston nj\u00eb sigurim i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb - juridik, q\u00eb nuk kushton shtrenjt\u00eb, por mbulon plot\u00ebsisht shpenzimet p\u00ebr avokat\u00ebt dhe gjykatat. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb shembull<\/a><\/noindex> nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb shkojm\u00eb larg: si mund t\u00eb ngat\u00ebrrosh 98% acid acetik me uthull t\u00eb holluar (provoni ta hapni t\u00eb dyja shishkave n\u00eb koh\u00ebn tuaj t\u00eb lir\u00eb) \u2013 as nuk e di.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr vdekja e ish-kryetarit t\u00eb Fiatit<\/a><\/noindex> (m\u00eb me fjal\u00eb, nj\u00eb njeri jo i varf\u00ebr) n\u00eb Zyrih pas nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrjeje t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb nuk po flas fare.<\/p>\n

\"Nj\u00eb
\nMoll\u00ebt n\u00eb bor\u00eb: ky \u00ebsht\u00eb ai hike kur ne ndoshta e kemi filluar t\u00eb llogarisim sa do t\u00eb na kushtoj\u00eb evakuimi yn\u00eb, dhe disa e ndihm\u00ebn mjek\u00ebsore. M\u00eb \u00e7do rast, 32 km n\u00eb vend t\u00eb 16 - ishte nj\u00eb kurth.<\/i><\/p>\n

S\u00eb treti<\/b>, cil\u00ebsia e mjek\u00ebsis\u00eb themelore \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft mesatare (nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb kur mblidhni duar-k\u00ebmb\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb trup pas nj\u00eb aksidenti, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur diagnoz\u00ebn dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar trajtimin p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ftohje). M\u00eb duket se ftohja k\u00ebtu nuk konsiderohet bile - si duket, do t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb vet\u00eb, ndryshe pini paracetamol.<\/p>\n

Nuk mbetet tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7se t\u00eb k\u00ebrkosh p\u00ebrmjet njohurive mjek\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb (tek mjek\u00ebt e aft\u00eb, regjistrimi \u00ebsht\u00eb 2-3 muaj p\u00ebrpara), nd\u00ebrsa ila\u00e7et i sjell nga Rusia. P\u00ebr shembull, anti-inflamatori\/anhistamiku Nimesil ose Nemulex kushton 5 her\u00eb<\/b> m\u00eb shum\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb paketim shpesh ka 2 her\u00eb<\/b> m\u00eb pak tableta, p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb M\u00ebzim, p\u00ebr t\u00eb tretur fondue ose raclette, nuk po flas fare.<\/p>\n

S\u00eb kat\u00ebrti<\/b>, historit\u00eb p\u00ebr pritjet e gjata n\u00eb radh\u00eb p\u00ebr ndihm\u00ebn mjek\u00ebsore \u2013 m\u00eb tep\u00ebr nj\u00eb proz\u00eb e jet\u00ebs sesa ndonj\u00eb gj\u00eb mbres\u00ebl\u00ebn\u00ebse. N\u00eb \u00e7do spital\/urgjenc\u00eb (analogu i urgjenc\u00ebs) ekziston nj\u00eb sistem p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsie, pra, n\u00ebse keni nj\u00eb prerje t\u00eb thell\u00eb n\u00eb gisht, por gjaku nuk pikron me litra n\u00eb or\u00eb, mund t\u00eb pres\u00ebsh p\u00ebr t'u qepur nj\u00eb, dy, madje kat\u00ebr ose pes\u00eb or\u00eb! Je gjall\u00eb, thua, nuk rrezikohet jeta \u2013 prite. Po ashtu, nj\u00eb r\u00ebntgen i gishti t\u00eb thyer mund t\u00eb pritet deri 3-4 or\u00eb<\/b>, pavar\u00ebsisht se kjo procedur\u00eb zgjat 1-2 minuta (vish nj\u00eb jelek plumbi, infermieri e rregullon xhirimin, klik dhe r\u00ebntgeni \u00ebsht\u00eb tashm\u00eb i shfaqur n\u00eb ekran n\u00eb form\u00eb digjitale).<\/p>\n

Fatmir\u00ebsisht, kjo nuk i p\u00ebrket f\u00ebmij\u00ebve. T\u00eb gjitha \u201cthyerjet\u201d e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve zakonisht rregullohen pa pritje, dhe vet\u00eb sigurimi \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb i lir\u00eb sesa ai i t\u00eb rriturve.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb shembull privat<\/b>Nj\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb i vog\u00ebl ia thau hund\u00ebn dhe u hospitalizua. N\u00eb total, trajtimi (duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb medikamentet) kushtoi 14,000 franka, t\u00eb cilat pothuajse plot\u00ebsisht i mbuloi sigurimi, nd\u00ebrsa prind\u00ebrit nga xhepi i tyre dhan\u00eb 400 franka. A \u00ebsht\u00eb e shtrenjt\u00eb apo jo? Shkruani n\u00eb komentet!<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb lug\u00eb mjalti.<\/b> Pavar\u00ebsisht se kjo sigurim duhet t\u00eb sjell\u00eb fitim p\u00ebr pronar\u00ebt e saj, ka edhe lajme t\u00eb mira \u2013 n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr ajo kryen relativisht mir\u00eb funksionin e saj. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb prag t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb ri ndodhi nj\u00eb fatkeq\u00ebsi \u2013 i thau gishti n\u00eb nj\u00eb got\u00eb t\u00eb thyer. Ne sapo po shkonim t\u00eb festonim Vitin e Ri n\u00eb Franc\u00eb, prandaj u qep\u00ebm tashm\u00eb n\u00eb Ansi (Annecy). Prit\u00ebm ~4 or\u00eb<\/b>, 2 or\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb dhom\u00eb dhe 2 or\u00eb n\u00eb \u201ctryez\u00ebn operative\u201d. Fatura u d\u00ebrgua n\u00eb sigurim me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrshkrim t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr t\u00eb situat\u00ebs (n\u00eb EPFL ka nj\u00eb formular t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb). Formalisht, 29-a \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00bd dit\u00eb pun\u00eb, e cila na e jep profesori si dit\u00eb pushimi, dmth. sigurimi p\u00ebr aksidentet mbulon plot\u00ebsisht.<\/p>\n

\u041a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0436 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439. \u041e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c — \u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b<\/b>\"Nj\u00eb
\n<\/p>\n

Sistemi pensionist<\/h2>\n

\nNuk do t\u00eb kem frik\u00eb ta th\u00ebm dhe do ta quaj sistemin zviceran t\u00eb sigurimit pensionist si nj\u00eb nga m\u00eb t\u00eb menduarit dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebt n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sigurim publik. Ai bazohet n\u00eb tre pilares<\/a><\/noindex>, ose shtylla.<\/p>\n

Pillari i par\u00eb<\/b> \u2013 nj\u00eb e ngjashme me pensionin social n\u00eb RF, ku p\u00ebrfshihet pensioni p\u00ebr invaliditet, pensioni p\u00ebr humbjen e mbajt\u00ebsit t\u00eb familjes dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb. Kontributet p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb lloj pensioni paguhen nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ata q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura mbi 500 franga n\u00eb muaj. Po ashtu, vlen t\u00eb theksohet se bashk\u00ebshorti jo-punonj\u00ebs, n\u00eb prani t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb mitur, merr parasysh vitet e pilarit t\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme me bashk\u00ebshortin e pun\u00ebsuar.<\/p>\n

Pilarin e Dyt\u00eb<\/b> \u2013 pjesa kumulative e pensionit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Paguhen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb (50\/50) nga punonj\u00ebsi dhe pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pag\u00eb prej 20,000 deri n\u00eb 85,000 franga n\u00eb vit. P\u00ebr pagat mbi 85,000 franga (n\u00eb vitin 2019<\/a><\/noindex> kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb 85,320 franga 00 centime), kontribuimi i sigurimeve nuk paguhet automatikisht dhe p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsia kalon tek punonj\u00ebsi vet\u00eb (p\u00ebr shembull, ai mund t\u00eb kontribuoj\u00eb n\u00eb pilarin e tret\u00eb).<\/p>\n

Pilarin e Tret\u00eb<\/b> \u2013 nj\u00eb angazhim t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht vullnetar p\u00ebr akumuluar kapitalin e pensionit. Rreth 500 franga n\u00eb muaj mund t\u00eb nxirren nga taksat duke kursyer n\u00eb nj\u00eb llogari t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kjo duket m\u00eb pak si kjo:
\n\"Nj\u00eb
\nT\u00eb Treja Pilar\u00ebt e Sistemit Pensionist t\u00eb Zvicr\u00ebs. Burimi<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Lajmi i g\u00ebzuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb huajt: kur largohet nga vendi p\u00ebr t\u00eb jetuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb nuk ka n\u00ebnshkruar nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje me Konfederat\u00ebn p\u00ebr sistemin e pensioneve, mund t\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00eb pothuajse plot\u00ebsisht pilarin e Dyt\u00eb dhe Tret\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa pilari i par\u00eb pjes\u00ebrisht. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb avantazh i madh p\u00ebr pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e huaj krahasuar me vendet e tjera.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, kjo nuk i p\u00ebrfshin largimet n\u00eb vendet e BE-s\u00eb ose vendet q\u00eb kan\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruar marr\u00ebveshje me konfederat\u00ebn p\u00ebr sistemin e pensioneve. Prandaj, kur braktisni Zvicr\u00ebn, ka kuptim t\u00eb kaloni disa muaj n\u00eb atdhe.<\/p>\n

Po ashtu, pilari i dyt\u00eb dhe i tret\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr hapjen e biznesit, blerjen e pasurive t\u00eb paluajtshme dhe si kontribut n\u00eb hipotek\u00eb. Nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm shum\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Si n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn, mosha e daljes n\u00eb pension n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb caktuar n\u00eb 62\/65 vjet, edhe pse dalja n\u00eb pension \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur nga 60 deri n\u00eb 65 vjet me ulje p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse t\u00eb pagesave. Sidoqoft\u00eb, tani po fliten p\u00ebr t\u00eb lejuar punonj\u00ebsin t\u00eb vendos\u00eb vet\u00eb se kur t\u00eb dal\u00eb n\u00eb pension n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn nga 60 deri n\u00eb 70 vjet. P\u00ebr shembull, Gratzel ende punon n\u00eb EPFL, megjith\u00ebse ai \u00ebsht\u00eb 75 vje\u00e7.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhim: \u00e7far\u00eb paguan punonj\u00ebsi si taksa?<\/h2>\n

\n\u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0451\u043c\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 (EPFL):<\/p>\n

\"Nj\u00eb
\n\u041b\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430:<\/b> AVS \u2013 Assurance-vieillesse et survivants (\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 aka<\/i> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0440), AC \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0435, CP \u2013 caisse de pension (\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 aka<\/i> \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0440), ANP\/SUVA \u2013 assurance accident (\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432), AF \u2013 allocations familiales (\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433, \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u044f).<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 20-25%. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430 \u043a \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0443 (\u043f\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435, \u0432 EPFL). \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c (\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u0441 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438 \ud83d\ude09 ) \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0445\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 EPFL. \u0422\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\u041f\u043b\u044e\u0441 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c \u043d\u0430 500-600 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0422\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0436\u0438, \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b \u0437\u0430 30%, \u0430 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 40%, \u043a\u0430\u043a, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0443 \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u041d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442-\u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442-\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435.<\/p>\n

\"Nj\u00eb
\n\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 PhD \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 Post-Doc \u0432 EPFL<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0416\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0451: \u0441\u044a\u0451\u043c \u0438 \u0438\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430<\/h2>\n

\n\u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0428\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u2013 \u0441\u044a\u0451\u043c \u0436\u0438\u043b\u044c\u044f. \u041a \u0441\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u044c\u044f \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d, \u0436\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0451 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0435\u0448\u0451\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443, \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e, \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0451\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u044c\u044f.<\/p>\n

\u0422\u0430\u043a, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0438\u044f \u0432 30-35 \u043c2 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u041b\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438 1100, \u0438 1300 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 1000 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0414\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e, \u0432 Morge-St.Jean<\/a><\/noindex> (\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e, \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e) \u0437\u0430 1100 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0421 \u0426\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0416\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0445\u0443\u0436\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043a\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0435.<\/p>\n

\"Nj\u00eb
\n\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0428\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044e<\/i><\/p>\n

\"Nj\u00eb
\n\u0422\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435<\/i><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb apartament me nj\u00eb dhom\u00eb (1.0 ose 1.5 dhoma jan\u00eb kur kuzhina \u00ebsht\u00eb formalisht e ndar\u00eb nga zona e jetes\u00ebs, dhe 0.5 konsiderohet dhoma e jetes\u00ebs ose salloni) me sip\u00ebrfaqe t\u00eb ngjashme do t\u00eb kushtoj\u00eb rreth 1100-1200 franga, nj\u00eb apartament me dy dhoma (2.0 ose 2.5 dhoma n\u00eb 40-50 m2) \u2013 1400-1600 franga, nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb apartament me tri dhoma dhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb \u2013 n\u00eb mesatarisht 2000-2500 franga.<\/p>\n

Natyrisht, gjith\u00e7ka varet nga zona, standardi i jetes\u00ebs, af\u00ebrsi e transportit, n\u00ebse ka makin\u00eb lar\u00ebse (zakonisht nj\u00eb makin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ngjitin, dhe n\u00eb disa nga sht\u00ebpit\u00eb e vjetra nuk ka as k\u00ebt\u00eb!) dhe makin\u00eb en\u00ebsh, etj. Diku n\u00eb \"periferin\u00eb\" apartamentet mund t\u00eb kushtojn\u00eb 200-300 franga m\u00eb pak, por jo shum\u00eb m\u00eb lir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"Nj\u00eb
\nK\u00ebshtu duket nj\u00eb apartament me dy dhoma n\u00eb Montreux<\/i><\/p>\n

Pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb shpesh e zakonshme t\u00eb ket\u00eb \"pron\u00ebsi komunale\" t\u00eb strehimit, si\u00e7 do ta quanim, kur nj\u00eb ose dy persona marrin nj\u00eb apartament me 4-5 dhoma p\u00ebr rreth 3000 franga, dhe pastaj n\u00eb at\u00eb apartament vendosen 1-2 fqinj\u00eb, plus nj\u00eb dhom\u00eb \u2013 nj\u00eb sallon i p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. S\u00eb fundi, kursimi: 200-300 franga n\u00eb muaj. Dhe zakonisht, n\u00eb apartamentet e m\u00ebdha ka makin\u00eb lar\u00ebse t\u00eb vet\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebrkimi p\u00ebr strehimin tuaj personal \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrtet nj\u00eb loj\u00eb lotarie. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 dokumenteve t\u00eb pag\u00ebs, lejes s\u00eb q\u00ebndrimit dhe llogaris\u00eb p\u00ebr munges\u00eb t\u00eb borxheve, duhet t\u00eb jeni gjithashtu t\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjedhur nga pronari i qir\u00ebs (zakonisht nj\u00eb kompani), e cila ka nj\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebshp\u00ebruarish, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb zviceran\u00ebt. Njoh njer\u00ebz q\u00eb, ashtu si n\u00eb k\u00ebrkimin e pun\u00ebs, shkruajn\u00eb letra motivimi p\u00ebr pronar\u00ebt e qirave. Pra, varianti me pron\u00ebsi komunale n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet njohurive dhe njohurive t\u00eb njohurive nuk duket ashtu keq.<\/p>\n

Per t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhur mbi blerjen e pron\u00ebs.<\/b> \u00cbsht\u00eb krejt natyrale q\u00eb n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr nuk mund t\u00eb \u00ebnd\u00ebrroni as p\u00ebr blerjen e pron\u00ebs tuaj deri n\u00eb pozita si profesor i plote, pasi pasurit\u00eb ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb kushtojn\u00eb shuma astronomike. Dhe, p\u00ebr pasoj\u00eb, lejen e p\u00ebrhershme C. Megjithat\u00eb, Grafit<\/a><\/noindex> ndryshon: \u201cL \u2014 vet\u00ebm blerja e pron\u00ebs kryesore, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn do t\u00eb bini m\u00eb pas p\u00ebr t\u00eb jetuar (regjistrimi dhe m\u00eb pas largimi nuk lejohen \u2014 kontrollohen). B \u2014 nj\u00eb nj\u00ebsi kryesore dhe nj\u00eb nj\u00ebsi \"ndihmuese\" (sht\u00ebpi n\u00eb mal etj.). C ose shtet\u00ebsia \u2014 blerje pa kufizime. Dhe p\u00ebr mbik\u00ebqyrjen n\u00eb lejen B nuk ka probleme t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta n\u00ebse keni nj\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme.<\/i>\u201d<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb sht\u00ebpi n\u00eb breg t\u00eb liqenit n\u00eb nj\u00eb fshat t\u00eb pasur St-Sulpice<\/a><\/noindex> do t\u00eb kushtoj\u00eb 1.5-2-3 milion franga. Prestigji dhe shfaqjet jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb shtrenjta se parat\u00eb! Megjithat\u00eb, nj\u00eb apartament n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb fshat af\u00ebr Montreux, me pamje nga liqeni dhe 100 metra larg tij, shkon p\u00ebr 300 000 \u2013 400 000 (nj\u00eb studio mund t\u00eb gjendet edhe p\u00ebr 300 000). Dhe s\u00ebrish kthehemi tek artikulli i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm<\/a><\/noindex>, ku p\u00ebrmenda se fshatrat n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr kan\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar, kur p\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat 300-400-500k franga mund t\u00eb marr\u00ebsh nj\u00eb sht\u00ebpi t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb me nj\u00eb parcel\u00eb tok\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Gjithashtu, si\u00e7 u tha m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, p\u00ebr blerjen e pasurive t\u00eb paluajtshme \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren parat\u00eb e pensionit, dhe nj\u00eb \"bonusi i k\u00ebndsh\u00ebm\" p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shlyerja e kredis\u00eb hipotekare, e cila mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb 500, 1000 ose 1500 franga n\u00eb muaj, dmth. e krahasueshme me qiran\u00eb. Bankat kan\u00eb interes t\u00eb ken\u00eb \u2013 n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha kuptimet e fjal\u00ebs \u2013 nj\u00eb kredimarr\u00ebs hipotekor, pasi pron\u00ebsia n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr vet\u00ebm rritet n\u00eb vler\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Remonti n\u00eb apartament sipas standardeve ruse (t\u00eb angazhosh nj\u00eb skuad\u00ebr nga interneti ose nga ndonj\u00eb nd\u00ebrtim pran\u00eb) \u00ebsht\u00eb paksa i pamundur, pasi vet\u00ebm njer\u00ebzit e trajnuar posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht kan\u00eb akses n\u00eb elektriku, ventilimin, ngrohjen. Me shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi, k\u00ebta do t\u00eb jen\u00eb njer\u00ebz t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm, dhe pagesa p\u00ebr or\u00ebn e secilit prej tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb 100-150 franga n\u00eb or\u00eb. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb merret leje dhe miratim nga autoritetet menaxhuese dhe kontrolluese, p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrrimin e banj\u00ebs ose z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimin e radiator\u00ebve. N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, mund t\u00eb shpenzosh edhe gjysm\u00ebn e vler\u00ebs s\u00eb pasuris\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr rinovimin e saj.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb pak m\u00eb vizual dhe t\u00eb kuptuesh\u00ebm se n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb mjedisi jetojn\u00eb, kam p\u00ebrgatitur nj\u00eb video t\u00eb vog\u00ebl me nj\u00eb tregim p\u00ebr vendin ku kam jetuar.<\/p>\n

Pjesa e par\u00eb p\u00ebr Lozan\u00ebn:<\/p>\n

\r\n \"Luaj\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Pjesa e dyt\u00eb p\u00ebr Montreux:<\/p>\n

\r\n \"Luaj\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Po ashtu, p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb, duhet theksuar se student\u00ebve shpesh u ofrohen konvikte brenda kampusit t\u00eb universitetit. \u00c7mimi p\u00ebr qira \u00ebsht\u00eb i arsyesh\u00ebm, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb studio mund t\u00eb paguash 700-800 franga n\u00eb muaj.<\/p>\n

Ah po, dhe e fundit, mos harro t\u00eb shtosh n\u00eb shum\u00ebn e qiradh\u00ebnies 50-100 franga n\u00eb muaj p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime publike, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb energjin\u00eb elektrike (af\u00ebrsisht 50-70 n\u00eb tremujor) dhe ngrohjen me uj\u00eb t\u00eb ngroht\u00eb (gjith\u00e7ka tjet\u00ebr). Megjithat\u00eb, ngrohja dhe uji i ngroht\u00eb jan\u00eb, n\u00eb thelb, gjith\u00e7ka ajo energji elektrike ose ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb gazi, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb bojler\u00ebt e instaluar n\u00eb \u00e7do sht\u00ebpi.<\/p>\n

Familja dhe kopshtet e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve<\/h2>\n

\nE p\u00ebrs\u00ebris, familja \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje q\u00eb n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e lir\u00eb, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht kur ka f\u00ebmij\u00eb. N\u00ebse t\u00eb dy punojn\u00eb, tatimi merret nga t\u00eb ardhurat totale t\u00eb familjes, dmth., m\u00eb lart, jetesa n\u00eb nj\u00eb apartament me dy dhoma del m\u00eb lir\u00eb, mund t\u00eb kursesh pak n\u00eb ushqim dhe arg\u00ebtim, por n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi del n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn mas\u00eb.
\nGjith\u00e7ka ndryshon kur n\u00eb familje lindin f\u00ebmij\u00ebt, pasi kopshti n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb luks shum\u00eb i shtrenjt\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebr t'u pranuar (po flasim p\u00ebr kopshtet shtet\u00ebrore m\u00eb pak t\u00eb shtrenjta), \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb regjistrohesh gati q\u00eb n\u00eb jav\u00ebt e para t\u00eb shtatz\u00ebnis\u00eb. Duke marr\u00eb parasysh se leja e maternitetit k\u00ebtu zgjat gjasht\u00eb muaj, n\u00eb total vet\u00ebm 14 jav\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>: zakonisht nj\u00eb muaj (4 jav\u00eb) para dhe 2.5 muaj pas lindjes, kopshti b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb nevoj\u00eb e domosdoshme n\u00ebse t\u00eb dy prind\u00ebrit duan t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb karrier\u00ebn e tyre.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr drejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e faktit, duhet t\u00eb theksohet se pothuajse t\u00eb gjitha kompanit\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb ndihm\u00eb financiare, pagesa nj\u00ebher\u00ebsh, orar t\u00eb reduktuar (80% e 42 or\u00ebve n\u00eb jav\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull) dhe p\u00ebrfitime t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur prind\u00ebrit e sapo b\u00ebr\u00eb. Edhe grantet SNSF parashikojn\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj ndihme familjare dhe ndihm\u00eb p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb shtes\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb familjes dhe f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, si dhe programin 120%, kur 42 or\u00eb p\u00ebr prindin e pun\u00ebsuar konsiderohen si 120% e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs. \u00cbsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme t\u00eb kalosh nj\u00eb dit\u00eb shtes\u00eb n\u00eb jav\u00eb me f\u00ebmij\u00ebn t\u00ebnd.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, kopshti m\u00eb i lir\u00eb, sa di un\u00eb, do t\u00eb kushtoj\u00eb prind\u00ebrve rreth 1500-1800 franga n\u00eb muaj p\u00ebr nj\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb. Gjithashtu, me shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi, f\u00ebmij\u00ebt do t\u00eb han\u00eb, flen\u00eb dhe luajn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn dhom\u00eb, duke ndryshuar, th\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebshtu, ambientin. Dhe po, kopshti n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr zakonisht punon deri n\u00eb or\u00ebn 4 pasdite, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00ebri nga prind\u00ebrit ende do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb punoj\u00eb me orar t\u00eb reduktuar.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, pragu i pik\u00ebs s\u00eb barazimit \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 2-2.5 f\u00ebmij\u00eb, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb, n\u00ebse n\u00eb familje jan\u00eb 3 ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb, atij prindi i \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e thjesht\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi sesa t\u00eb punoj\u00eb dhe t\u00eb paguaj\u00eb kopshtin dhe\/ose nj\u00eb kujdestar. Nj\u00eb bonus i k\u00ebndsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr prind\u00ebrit: shpenzimet p\u00ebr kopshtin mund t\u00eb zbriten nga taksat, duke kontribuar ndjesh\u00ebm n\u00eb buxhet. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, qeveria paguan nga 200-300 franga p\u00ebr \u00e7do f\u00ebmij\u00eb n\u00eb muaj (var\u00ebsisht nga kantoni), duke filluar nga mosha 3 deri n\u00eb 18 vje\u00e7. Kjo gjithashtu i p\u00ebrfshin eksponent\u00ebt q\u00eb jan\u00eb me f\u00ebmij\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebse n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr ka shum\u00eb p\u00ebrfitime p\u00ebr familjet me f\u00ebmij\u00eb, si ndihma, leht\u00ebsit\u00eb tatimore, institucione m\u00ebsimi pothuajse falas, subvencione (p\u00ebr sigurimin mjek\u00ebsor ose madje p\u00ebr pakot e plehrave nga komuna), e fundit renditje<\/a><\/noindex> flitet vet\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ngritja e detyrueshme e p\u00ebrfundimeve<\/h2>\n

\nPas p\u00ebrllogaritjes s\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave dhe shpenzimeve, tani erdhi koha p\u00ebr nj\u00eb statistik\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl mbi rezultatet e pothuajse 6 vjet\u00ebve n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb doktorat\u00ebs time nuk kisha q\u00ebllim t\u00eb jetoj sa m\u00eb ekonomikisht q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur, p\u00ebr t\u2019i mbajtur parat\u00eb diku n\u00ebp\u00ebr bankat zvicerane. Megjithat\u00eb, mendoj se ushqimi mund t\u00eb reduktohej p\u00ebr nj\u00eb t\u00eb tret\u00ebn ose nj\u00eb kat\u00ebrt\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

\"Nj\u00eb
\nStruktura e shpenzimeve p\u00ebr doktorant\u00ebt n\u00eb EPFL<\/i><\/p>\n

\"Nj\u00eb
\nStruktura e shpenzimeve p\u00ebr post-doc n\u00eb EPFL<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit 2017, pas mbrojtjes s\u00eb disertacionit, u detyrova t\u00eb kaloj n\u00eb nj\u00eb aplikacion tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr llogaritjen e shpenzimeve, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb t\u00eb cilit disa kategori ndryshuan, megjithat\u00eb n\u00eb grafiket ato jan\u00eb pikturuar me ngjyra identike. P\u00ebr shembull, kategorit\u00eb e akomodimit, shpenzimeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme dhe komunikimit u bashkuan n\u00eb nj\u00eb \"Bills\" (ose llogo t\u00eb faturave).<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr internetin mobil dhe trafikun<\/b>N\u00eb kategorin\u00eb Bills gjithashtu p\u00ebrfshihen faturat p\u00ebr internetin mobil, i cili n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment filloi t\u00eb shpenzohet tejet shpejt (tarifa me trafik t\u00eb parapaguar). Zakonisht p\u00ebrdor k\u00ebt\u00eb internet p\u00ebr pun\u00eb gjat\u00eb udh\u00ebtimeve me trenat m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr. N\u00eb nj\u00eb moment: statistika p\u00ebr paketat e trafikut n\u00eb tablet: 01- 1x, 02 \u2014 2.5x, 03-3x, 04 \u2014 2x, 05 -2x, ku x=14.95 CHF p\u00ebr 1 Gb trafik. E vura re k\u00ebt\u00eb diku n\u00eb mars-prill dhe pak e hoqa dor\u00eb nga apetitet.<\/p>\n

Duke u kthyer te medicina dhe sigurimi, mund t\u00eb shohim qart\u00eb se n\u00ebse nj\u00eb doktorant shpenzon rreth 4-5% t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb tij p\u00ebr sigurimin mjek\u00ebsor, nj\u00eb post-doc tashm\u00eb shpenzon 6%, ndon\u00ebse paga e tij \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, me rritjen e t\u00eb ardhurave (doktorant -> post-doc) p\u00ebrqindja e dy kategorive t\u00eb para t\u00eb shpenzimeve ka mbetur pothuajse e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb \u2014 ~36% dhe 20%, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb fitosh \u2014 gjithmon\u00eb do t\u00eb shpenzosh!<\/p>\n

Transporti publik \u2014 m\u00eb shum\u00eb se sa nj\u00eb tregues i shpenzimeve p\u00ebr taksira dhe avion\u00eb, pasi gjat\u00eb 4 viteve EPFL paguante abonimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Zvicr\u00ebn, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin kam shkruar n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e kaluar<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Disa fakte t\u00eb \u00e7uditshme:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Kompjuteri im kryesor, si dhe laptopi, e bleva n\u00eb vitin 2013, megjithat\u00eb, shpenzimet p\u00ebr blerjen e teknologjis\u00eb gjat\u00eb dy viteve t\u00eb pasdoktoratur\u00ebs u rrit\u00ebn proporcionalisht, dhe k\u00ebshtu edhe n\u00eb realitet. Me sa duket, blerja e monitorit 4K dhe kart\u00ebs grafike kishte nj\u00eb ndikim, plus q\u00eb kur m\u00eb par\u00eb mund t'i blesh nj\u00eb kompjuter normal p\u00ebr rreth 1000 franga dhe kjo konsiderohej disi e shtrenjt\u00eb, sot hardueri m\u00eb i mir\u00eb mund t\u00eb kushtoj\u00eb 2000, 3000, madje edhe 5000. Dhe, sigurisht, Aliexpress b\u00ebn pun\u00ebn e vet: shum\u00eb blerje t\u00eb vogla \u2014 dhe vuala, xhepi bosh!<\/li>\n
  2. shpenzimet p\u00ebr shopping jan\u00eb rritur duksh\u00ebm (aka<\/i> rrobat). Sipas mendimit tim, kjo lidhet me r\u00ebnien e cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb produkteve, si n\u00eb shitjen e produkteve e reduktojn\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka<\/a><\/noindex> (porcioneve, v\u00ebllimeve, etj.). N\u00ebse m\u00eb par\u00eb mund t\u00eb blesh k\u00ebpuc\u00eb dhe t'i mbash ato p\u00ebr 2-3, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr 4 vjet, tani gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim (shembulli i fundit \u2014 k\u00ebpuc\u00ebt nga nj\u00eb mark\u00eb e njohur gjermane, q\u00eb 'u shkat\u00ebrruan' p\u00ebr dy (sic!<\/b>) muaj).<\/li>\n
  3. Dhuratat jan\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar n\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn, dmth, shpenzimet n\u00eb terma real\u00eb kan\u00eb mbetur pothuajse n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin nivel \u2014 numri i miqve \/ ngjarjeve t\u00eb vizituara \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse konstante.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nKaq p\u00ebr tani, miq! <\/b>Shpresoj q\u00eb artikujt e mi do t\u00eb ndihmojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjur n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e pyetjeve rreth zhvendosjes dhe jetes\u00ebs n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr. Disa aspekte dhe momente do t'i tregoj dhe t'i p\u00ebrshkruaj n\u00eb YouTube<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

    KDPV u mor k\u00ebtu<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

    PS:<\/b> pasi kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb artikulli i fundit i k\u00ebtij cikli, do t\u00eb doja t\u00eb l\u00eb k\u00ebtu dy fakte p\u00ebr Zvicr\u00ebn, t\u00eb cilat nuk dol\u00ebn n\u00eb artikujt e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. N\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr, \u00ebsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb gjesh monedha deri n\u00eb vitin 1968, kur u zhvillua reforma monetare, dhe frangjet e vjetra, ende argjend, u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuan me monedhat e zakonshme prej nikeli.<\/li>\n
    2. Dashamir\u00ebsit e investimeve apokaliptike, q\u00eb blejn\u00eb ar fizik, preferojn\u00eb monedhat speciale zvicerane t\u00eb arit \u2013 ato asociohen me besueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \nP.P.S.:<\/b> P\u00ebr leximin e materialit, v\u00ebrejtjet e vlefshme dhe diskutimet, fal\u00ebnderimi dhe njohja ime e madhe shkon p\u00ebr miqt\u00eb dhe koleg\u00ebt e mi Anna, Albert (qbertych<\/a><\/noindex>), Anton (Grafit<\/a><\/noindex>), Stas, Roma, Yula, Grisha.<\/p>\n

      Nj\u00eb minut\u00eb reklam\u00eb.<\/b> Duke me zhvillimet m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb \"mod\u00ebs\", do t\u00eb doja t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendja se MGU po hap k\u00ebt\u00eb vit nj\u00eb kampus t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm (dhe po m\u00ebson tashm\u00eb p\u00ebr 2 vjet!) n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me Universitetin Politeknik t\u00eb Pekinit n\u00eb Shenzen. Ka mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb m\u00ebsosh kinezisht, si dhe t\u00eb marr\u00ebsh dy diploma t\u00eb menj\u00ebhershme (specialitete IT nga VMC MGU jan\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion). M\u00eb shum\u00eb informacion rreth universitetit, drejtimeve dhe mund\u00ebsive p\u00ebr student\u00ebt mund t\u00eb krijoni k\u00ebtu<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

      Mos harroni t\u00eb regjistroheni n\u00eb \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0433<\/a><\/noindex>: Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr ju \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi p\u00ebr mua! <\/p>\n

      Dhe po, p\u00ebr \u00e7do gabim t\u00eb v\u00ebrejtur n\u00eb tekst, ju lutem shkruani n\u00eb mesazhe private.
      \n
      Burimi:       habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0443, \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0441 \u044d\u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0443\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u044f \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0431\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0439, \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0449\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u2013 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0431\u0435, \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u043e\u043c. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0451\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 (1, 2, 3, 4.1) \u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0433, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043c \u0436\u0438\u0440\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Nj\u00eb v\u00ebshtrim nga brenda: studimi pasuniversitar n\u00eb EPFL. 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