{"id":35974,"date":"2019-10-31T22:08:54","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:08:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/cern-perehodit-na-otkrytoe-po-pochemu\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:08:54","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:08:54","slug":"cern-perehodit-na-otkrytoe-po-pochemu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/cern-perehodit-na-otkrytoe-po-pochemu","title":{"rendered":"CERN kalon n\u00eb soft hapur \u2014 pse?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Organizata heq dor\u00eb nga softueri Microsoft dhe produktet e tjera komerciale. Diskutime mbi arsyet dhe tregojm\u00eb p\u00ebr kompani t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb kalojn\u00eb n\u00eb softuer t\u00eb hapur.<\/p>\n

\"CERN<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\nFoto \u2014 Devon Rogers<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Arsyet e tyre<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00eb 20 vitet e fundit, CERN ka p\u00ebrdorur produkte Microsoft \u2014 sistemin operativ, platform\u00ebn cloud, paketat Office, Skype dhe t\u00eb tjera. Megjithat\u00eb, kompania IT refuzoi laboratorin statusin \"organizat\u00eb akademike\", q\u00eb jep mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e blerjes s\u00eb licencave t\u00eb softuerit me zbritje.<\/p>\n

Sipas drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb theksohet se, nga pika formale, CERN v\u00ebrtet nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb akademike. Laboratori i k\u00ebrkimeve b\u00ebrthamore nuk jep tituj shkencor\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, shumica e shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb projekte jan\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar zyrtarisht n\u00eb universitete t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Sipas marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb re, kostoja e pakove Microsoft llogaritet n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb numrit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb t\u00eb madhe jo fitimprur\u00ebse si CERN, metoda e re e num\u00ebrimit rezultoi n\u00eb nj\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb pap\u00ebrballueshme. Kostoja e aplikacioneve Microsoft p\u00ebr CERN shkoi n\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> dhjet\u00ebfish.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur problemin, Departamenti i Informacionit t\u00eb CERN-it ka nisur iniciativ\u00ebn The Microsoft Alternatives Project, ose MAlt. Pavar\u00ebsisht emrit, q\u00ebllimi i saj \u00ebsht\u00eb heqja dor\u00eb nga t\u00eb gjitha zgjidhjet komerciale t\u00eb softuerit, e jo vet\u00ebm nga produktet e gjigantit t\u00eb IT-it. Lista e plot\u00eb e aplikacioneve nga t\u00eb cilat planifikojn\u00eb t\u00eb heqin dor\u00eb ende nuk dihet. Megjithat\u00eb, hapi i par\u00eb n\u00eb CERN do t\u00eb jet\u00eb gjetja e nj\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimi p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimin e post\u00ebs elektronike dhe Skype.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb tjerat do t\u00eb tregojn\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e CERN-it n\u00eb mes t\u00eb Shtatorit. Mund t\u00eb ndiqni p\u00ebrparimin n\u00eb faqen e projektit<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Pse open source<\/h2>\n

\nDuke kaluar n\u00eb softuer t\u00eb hapur, CERN ka si q\u00ebllim t\u00eb shmang\u00eb var\u00ebsin\u00eb nga ofruesit e aplikacioneve dhe t\u00eb fitoj\u00eb kontroll t\u00eb plot\u00eb mbi t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat q\u00eb mblidhen. Ato jan\u00eb shum\u00eb \u2014 p\u00ebr shembull, tre vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, CERN publikoi n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb hapur<\/a><\/noindex> 300 TB t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash, t\u00eb gjeneruara nga Te Dyt\u00eb Hadron Collider.<\/p>\n

CERN ka p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00ebn me open source \u2014 disa nga sh\u00ebrbimet p\u00ebr LHC jan\u00eb shkruar nga inxhinier\u00ebt e laboratorit. Po ashtu, organizata merr pjes\u00eb aktivisht n\u00eb zhvillimin e ekosistemit t\u00eb softuerit t\u00eb lir\u00eb. Ajo ka mb\u00ebshtetur p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb platform\u00ebn cloud p\u00ebr IaaS \u2014 OpenStack.<\/p>\n

Para vitit 2015, inxhinier\u00ebt e CERN-it s\u00eb bashku me specialist\u00ebt e Fermilab kane punuar<\/a><\/noindex> zhvillimin e nj\u00eb distribuimi t\u00eb vet\u00eb Linux \u2014 Scientific Linux<\/a><\/noindex>. Ai ishte nj\u00eb klon i Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). M\u00eb von\u00eb laboratori kaloi n\u00eb CentOS, nd\u00ebrsa Fermilab e ndali zhvillimin e distribuimit t\u00eb tij n\u00eb maj t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti.<\/p>\n

Nga projektet m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit open-source q\u00eb jan\u00eb marr\u00eb me to n\u00eb CERN, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendim ri-l\u00ebshimin<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb shfletuesin e par\u00eb WorldWideWeb<\/a><\/noindex>. Ai u shkrua nga Tim Berners-Lee n\u00eb vitin 1990. At\u00ebher\u00eb ai punonte mbi platform\u00ebn NeXTSTEP dhe u zhvillua me ndihm\u00ebn e Interface Builder. Pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e informacionit shfaqej n\u00eb format tekstual, por kishte edhe imazhe.<\/p>\n

Emulatori i shfletuesit \u00ebsht\u00eb i disponuesh\u00ebm online<\/a><\/noindex>. Burimet e kodit mund t\u00eb gjenden n\u00eb depozit\u00ebn e GitHub<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nCERN po merret gjithashtu me harduerin e hapur. Madje n\u00eb vitin 2011 organizata lan\u00e7oi<\/a><\/noindex> iniciativ\u00ebn Open Source Hardware dhe deri n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e sotme mb\u00ebshtet depozit\u00ebn Open Hardware Repository<\/a><\/noindex>. N\u00eb t\u00eb, entuziast\u00ebt mund t\u00eb ndjekin zhvillimet e organizat\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb to.<\/p>\n

\"CERN
\nFoto \u2014 Samuel Zeller<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb shembull projekti mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb White Rabbit<\/a><\/noindex>. An\u00ebtar\u00ebt e tij krijojn\u00eb nj\u00eb switch p\u00ebr sinkronizimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb transmetuara n\u00eb rrjetet e komplikuara Ethernet. Sistemi mb\u00ebshtet funksionimin me mij\u00ebra nod dhe mund t\u00eb transmetoj\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna me sakt\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb p\u00ebrmes fibrave optike t\u00eb gjat\u00eb 10 km. Projekti po p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet aktivisht dhe p\u00ebrdoret nga laboratore t\u00eb m\u00ebdha k\u00ebrkimore evropiane.<\/p>\n

Kush tjet\u00ebr po kalon n\u00eb softuerin e hapur<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit, disa ofrues t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj t\u00eb telekomunikacionit - AT&T, Verizon, China Mobile dhe DTK b\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb ditur pun\u00ebn e tyre aktive me softuer t\u00eb hapur. Ata jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e fondacionit LF Networking<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili merret me zhvillimin dhe promovimin e projekteve rrjet\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb AT&T prezantuan sistemin e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar me rrjetet virtuale ONAP. Ai po implementohet gradualisht nga pjes\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb fondacionit. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb marsit, Eri\u0441sson tregon nj\u00eb zgjidhje<\/a><\/noindex> t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb ONAP, e cila lejon segmentimin e rrjeteve me nj\u00eb shtypje butoni. Pritet q\u00eb zgjidhjet e hapura t\u00eb ndihmojn\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> operator\u00ebt celular\u00eb me zbatimin e rrjeteve mobile t\u00eb brezit t\u00eb ri.<\/p>\n

Po kalojn\u00eb n\u00eb softuer t\u00eb hapur edhe disa universitete t\u00eb Britanis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe. Gjysma e universiteteve t\u00eb vendit p\u00ebrdor<\/a><\/noindex> zgjidhje open source, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Universiteti i Hapur<\/a><\/noindex>. Proceset e tij arsimor\u00eb jan\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar mbi platform\u00ebn Moodle<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 nj\u00eb aplikacion web q\u00eb ofron mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar faqe p\u00ebr m\u00ebsim online.<\/p>\n

Me kalimin e koh\u00ebs, platforma fillon t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret nga nj\u00eb num\u00ebr gjithnj\u00eb e n\u00eb rritje i institucioneve arsimore. Dhe an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e komunitetit jan\u00eb t\u00eb bindur se s\u00eb shpejti nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e madhe e universiteteve t\u00eb vendit do t'i bashkohen asaj.<\/p>\n

\nNe n\u00eb ITGLOBAL.COM<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0ofron sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb reja dhe hibride n\u00eb cloud. Disa materiale mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb tem\u00eb nga blogu yn\u00eb korporativ:<\/p>\n