{"id":35977,"date":"2019-10-31T22:08:56","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:08:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-2\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:08:56","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:08:56","slug":"reliz-yadra-linux-5-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-2","title":{"rendered":"L\u00ebshimi i kernelit Linux 5.2","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pas dy muajsh zhvillimi, Linus Torvalds <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2019\/7\/7\/281\">paraqiti<\/a><\/noindex> l\u00ebshimi i kernelit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/\">Projekti Debian publikoi nj\u00eb distribucion p\u00ebr shkollat \u2014 Debian-Edu 10<\/a><\/noindex>. Nd\u00ebr ndryshimet m\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme jan\u00eb: funksioni i sistemit Ext4 pa marr\u00eb parasysh rast\u00ebsin\u00eb e karaktereve, thirrjet e ndara t\u00eb sistemit p\u00ebr montimin e FS, drejtuesit p\u00ebr GPU Mali 4xx\/6xx\/7xx, mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar ndryshimet e vlerave sysctl n\u00eb programet BPF, moduli device-mapper dm-dust, mbrojtja nga sulmet MDS, mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr Sound Open Firmware p\u00ebr DSP, optimizimi i performanc\u00ebs BFQ, p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i n\u00ebn-sistemit PSI (Pressure Stall Information) deri n\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorimit n\u00eb Android.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb versionin e ri jan\u00eb pranuar 15100 rregullime nga 1882 zhvillues<br \/>\np\u00ebrmasat e patch-it \u2014 62 Mb (ndryshimet preken 30889 skedar\u00eb, jan\u00eb shtuar 625094 rreshta kodi, jan\u00eb fshir\u00eb 531864 rreshta). Rreth 45% e t\u00eb gjitha p\u00ebrmbajtjeve t\u00eb paraqitura n\u00eb 5.2<br \/>\nlidhen me drejtuesit e pajisjeve, rreth 21% e ndryshimeve kan\u00eb<br \/>\nt\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e kodit specifik p\u00ebr arkitekturat harduerike, 12%<br \/>\nlidhet me grumbullin e rrjeteve, 3% \u2014 me skedar\u00ebt e sistemit dhe 3% me t\u00eb brendshmet<br \/>\nsubsystemet e kernelit. 12.4% e t\u00eb gjitha ndryshimeve jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur nga kompania Intel, 6.3% \u2014 Red Hat, 5.4% \u2014 Google, 4.0% \u2014 AMD, 3.1% \u2014 SUSE, 3% \u2014 IBM, 2.7% \u2014 Huawei, 2.7% \u2014 Linaro, 2.2% \u2014 ARM, 1.6% \u2014 Oracle.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kernelnewbies.org\/Linux_5.2\">Main<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/788532\/\">innovations<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Sistemi i disqeve, hyrja\/ dalje dhe sistemet e skedar\u00ebve<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr Ext4 \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50581\">mb\u00ebshtetje<\/a><\/noindex> pun\u00ebt pa dallim t\u00eb shkronjave n\u00eb emrat e skedar\u00ebve, e cila aktivizohet vet\u00ebm lidhur me katalog\u00ebt e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb zbraz\u00ebt me an\u00eb t\u00eb atributeve t\u00eb reja \u00ab+F\u00bb (EXT4_CASEFOLD_FL). Kur vendoset ky atribut n\u00eb nj\u00eb katalog, t\u00eb gjitha operacionet me skedar\u00eb dhe n\u00ebnkatalog\u00eb brenda do t\u00eb kryhen pa marr\u00eb parasysh shkronjat, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb q\u00eb regjistri do t\u00eb injorohet gjat\u00eb operacioneve t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit dhe hapjes s\u00eb skedar\u00ebve (p.sh., skedar\u00ebt Test.txt, test.txt dhe test.TXT n\u00eb k\u00ebto katalog\u00eb do t\u00eb merren si t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb). N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrisht, FSH vazhdon t\u00eb jet\u00eb e ndjeshme ndaj rast\u00ebsis\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 katalog\u00ebve me atributin \u00abchattr +F\u00bb;\n<li class=\"l\"> Funksionet e trajtimit t\u00eb karaktereve UTF-8 n\u00eb emrat e skedar\u00ebve jan\u00eb unifikuar, t\u00eb cilat aplikohen gjat\u00eb kryerjes s\u00eb operacioneve t\u00eb krahasimit dhe normalizimit t\u00eb vargjeve;\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb XFS \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb p\u00ebr ndjekjen e shtetit t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve dhe nj\u00eb ioctl e re p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e statusit t\u00eb funksionalitetit. \u00cbsht\u00eb realizuar nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi eksperimentale p\u00ebr t\u00eb verifikuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb (online scrub) numrat e superblokut.\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar nj\u00eb modul t\u00eb ri device-mapper \u00ab<noindex>dm-dust<\/noindex>\u00bb, duke simuluar shfaqjen e blloqeve t\u00eb k\u00ebqija n\u00eb medium ose gabime gjat\u00eb leximin nga disku. Moduli lejon q\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00ebsohet procesi i debugg-ing dhe testimit t\u00eb aplikacioneve dhe sistemeve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb ruajtjes n\u00eb kushte t\u00eb mundshme t\u00eb r\u00ebnieve;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/784267\/\">\u00cbsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> optimizohet ndjesh\u00ebm performanca e planifikuesit t\u00eb hyrje\/daljes BFQ. N\u00ebn ngarkesa t\u00eb larta n\u00eb hyrje\/dalje, optimizimet e b\u00ebra <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/algo.ing.unimo.it\/people\/paolo\/disk_sched\/results.php\">lejojn\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> t\u00eb reduktojn\u00eb deri n\u00eb 80% koh\u00ebn e operacioneve t\u00eb tilla si fillimi i aplikacioneve;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar nj\u00eb seri thirrjesh sistematike p\u00ebr montimin e sistemeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=24dcb3d90a1f67fe08c68a004af37df059d74005\">fsopen()<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=a07b20004793d8926f78d63eb5980559f7813404\">open_tree()<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=cf3cba4a429be43e5527a3f78859b1bfd9ebc5fb\">fspick()<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=93766fbd2696c2c4453dd8e1070977e9cd4e6b6d\">fsmount()<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=ecdab150fddb42fe6a739335257949220033b782\">fsconfig()<\/a><\/noindex> dhe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=2db154b3ea8e14b04fee23e3fdfd5e9d17fbc6ae\">move_mount()<\/a><\/noindex>. K\u00ebto thirrje sistematike lejojn\u00eb trajtimin e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb fazave t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb montimit (trajtojn\u00eb super Bllokun, marrin informacionin mbi FS, montojn\u00eb, bashk\u00ebngjisin n\u00eb pik\u00ebn e montimit), t\u00eb cilat m\u00eb par\u00eb kryheshin p\u00ebrmes thirrjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme sistematike mount(). Thirrjet e ve\u00e7anta ofrojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer skenar\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb komplikuar montimi dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar veprime t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta si rikonfigurimi i super Bllokut, aktivizimi i opsioneve, ndryshimi i pik\u00ebs s\u00eb montimit dhe transferimi n\u00eb nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb tjet\u00ebr emri. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, trajtimi i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb lejon p\u00ebrcaktimin e sakt\u00eb t\u00eb shkaqeve t\u00eb kod\u00ebve t\u00eb gabimeve dhe caktimin e burimeve t\u00eb shumta p\u00ebr FS shum\u00eb-niv\u00ebshe, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb overlayfs;\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqen p\u00ebr hyrje\/dalje asinkronio_uring, \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb veprim i ri IORING_OP_SYNC_FILE_RANGE, q\u00eb ekzekuton veprime ekuivalente me thirrjen sistematike <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man2\/sync_file_range.2.html\">sync_file_range()<\/a><\/noindex>, si dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mund\u00ebsia e regjistrimit t\u00eb eventfd me io_uring dhe marrjes s\u00eb njoftimeve p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimin e operacioneve;\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr sistemin e skedar\u00ebve CIFS \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar ioctl FIEMAP, q\u00eb siguron mapim efikas t\u00eb ekstensioneve, si dhe mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr modalitetet SEEK_DATA dhe SEEK_HOLE;\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb n\u00ebnstruktur\u00ebn FUSE <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=ad2ba64dd489805e7ddf5fecf166cae1e09fc5c0\">suggested<\/a><\/noindex> API p\u00ebr menaxhimin e memorie s\u00eb dh\u00ebnave;\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb Btrfs \u00ebsht\u00eb kryer optimizimi i zbatimit t\u00eb qgroups dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur shpejt\u00ebsia e realizimit t\u00eb fsync p\u00ebr skedar\u00ebt me disa lidhje t\u00eb ngurta. E koduar kontrolli i integritetit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, tani merr parasysh d\u00ebmtimin e mundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb informacioneve n\u00eb RAM para se t\u00eb shuhen t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb disk;\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb CEPH \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr eksportimin e snapshot-eve p\u00ebrmes NFS;\n<li class=\"l\"> E p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar zbatimi i montimit NFSv4 n\u00eb modalitetin \u00absoft\u00bb (n\u00eb rast t\u00eb nj\u00eb gabimi qasjeje n\u00eb server n\u00eb modalitetin \u00absoft\u00bb thirrja menj\u00ebher\u00eb kthen kodin e gabimit, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb modalitetin \u00abhard\u00bb kontrolli nuk kthehet deri n\u00eb rivendosjen e qasjes n\u00eb FSH ose deri n\u00eb skadimin e koh\u00ebs). N\u00eb l\u00ebshimin e ri \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar nj\u00eb trajtim m\u00eb i sakt\u00eb i skadimit t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar rikthimi pas nj\u00eb r\u00ebnieje dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb opsion i ri montimi \u00absofterr\u00bb, q\u00eb lejon ndryshimin e kodit t\u00eb gabimit (ETIMEDOUT), q\u00eb kthehet n\u00eb rast t\u00eb skadimit t\u00eb koh\u00ebs;\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb API nfsdcld, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb menduar p\u00ebr ndjekjen e gjendjes s\u00eb klient\u00ebve NFS, \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar mund\u00ebsia e ndjekjes korrekte t\u00eb gjendjes s\u00eb klientit nga serveri NFS gjat\u00eb rinisjes. K\u00ebshtu, demoni nfsdcld tani mund t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb si nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpunues i nfsdcltrack;\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr AFS <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=6c6c1d63c243025956f061e67fff3a615aa0f6be\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> simulimi i bllokimeve t\u00eb intervaleve t\u00eb bytes n\u00eb skedar\u00eb (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/docs.openafs.org\/ReleaseNotesWindows\/ch03s19.html\">Bllokimi i Intervalit t\u00eb Bytes<\/a><\/noindex>);\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Virtualizimi dhe siguria<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb punuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb eliminuar vendet n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb q\u00eb lejojn\u00eb ekzekutimin e kodit nga zonat e memories t\u00eb shkrimi, duke bllokuar k\u00ebshtu mund\u00ebsit\u00eb p\u00ebrmanipulimin gjat\u00eb goditjeve;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar nj\u00eb parameter t\u00eb ri t\u00eb linj\u00ebs s\u00eb komand\u00ebs t\u00eb kernelit \u00abmitigations=\u00bb, q\u00eb ofron nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb menaxhuar aktivizimin ose jo t\u00eb teknikave t\u00eb ndryshme mbrojtjeje nga dob\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb lidhen me ekzekutimin spekulator t\u00eb instruktimeve n\u00eb CPU. D\u00ebrgimi \u00abmitigations=off\u00bb fik t\u00eb gjitha metodat ekzistuese, kurse modaliteti i aplikuar si parazgjedhje \u00abmitigations=auto\u00bb aktivizon mbrojtjen, por nuk ndikon n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e Hyper Threading. Modaliteti \u00abmitigations=auto,nosmt\u00bb p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr fik Hyper Threading n\u00ebse k\u00ebrkohet nga m\u00ebnyra e mbrojtjes.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/0d7a78643f6972214e99205b364e508f8ea9598e\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr n\u00ebnshkrimin dixhital sipas GOST R 34.10-2012 (RFC 7091, ISO\/IEC 14888-3), <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=0d7a78643f6972214e99205b364e508f8ea9598e\">e zhvilluar<\/a><\/noindex> Nga Vitali Chikunov nga 'Bazalt SPO'. N\u00eb implementimin e integruar t\u00eb TLS \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr AES128-CCM. N\u00eb modulon crypto_simd \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr algoritmet AEAD;\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb Kconfig <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=9f671e58159adea641f76c56d1f0bbdcb3c524ff\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> nj\u00eb seksion t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb 'kernel hardening' me mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr forcimin e mbrojtjes s\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs. Momentalisht, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb seksion t\u00eb ri jan\u00eb mbledhur vet\u00ebm konfigurimet p\u00ebr aktivizimin e kontrollimeve p\u00ebrforcuese t\u00eb GCC-plugineve;\n<li class=\"l\"> Kodi i b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=b4b52b881cf0\">i liruar<\/a><\/noindex> nga shprehjet e pand\u00ebrprera case n\u00eb switch (pa return ose break pas \u00e7do blloku case). Ka mbetur p\u00ebr t\u00eb korrigjuar 32 nga 2311 rastet e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb till\u00eb t\u00eb switch, pas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs gjat\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs mund t\u00eb aplikohet modaliteti '-Wimplicit-fallthrough';\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn PowerPC, \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr mekanizmat harduerik\u00eb q\u00eb kufizojn\u00eb rrug\u00ebt e pad\u00ebshiruara t\u00eb aksesit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit;\n<li class=\"l\"> Kodi p\u00ebr bllokimin \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50684\">e sulmeve<\/a><\/noindex> klas\u00ebs MDS (Microarchitectural Data Sampling) n\u00eb procesor\u00ebt Intel. Mund t\u00eb verifikohet ndjeshm\u00ebria e sistemit ndaj dob\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebrmes variablit t\u00eb SysFS ' \/sys\/devices\/system\/cpu\/vulnerabilities\/mds ' . <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/html\/latest\/admin-guide\/hw-vuln\/mds.html\">I disponuesh\u00ebm<\/a><\/noindex> dy modalitete mbrojtjeje: t\u00eb plota, q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon pranin\u00eb e mikroprogramit t\u00eb azhurnuar, dhe nj\u00eb modalitet t\u00eb anashkalimit, q\u00eb nuk garanton plot\u00ebsisht pastrimin e tampon\u00ebve t\u00eb CPU gjat\u00eb transferimit t\u00eb kontrollit n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit ose sistemin mik; P\u00ebr menaxhimin e modaliteteve t\u00eb mbrojtjes n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar parametri 'mds=', i cili mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb vlerat 'full', 'full,nosmt' (+ \u00e7aktivizimi i Hyper-Threads) dhe 'off';\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb sistemet x86-64 p\u00ebr IRQ, mekanizmat e debugging dhe trajtuesit e p\u00ebrjashtimeve \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mbrojtja 'stack guard-page', e cila ka p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim t\u00eb vendos\u00eb n\u00eb kufirin me stekun e faqeve t\u00eb memories, aksesimi i t\u00eb cilave \u00e7on n\u00eb gjenerimin e nj\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtimi (page-fault);\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar konfigurimi sysctl vm.unprivileged_userfaultfd, q\u00eb kontrollon mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb thirrjes sistemike userfaultfd() nga proceset e paaft\u00eb;\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Sistemi rrjetor<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=d15662682db232da77136cd348f4c9df312ca6f9\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr portat IPv6 p\u00ebr rrug\u00eb IPv4. P\u00ebr shembull, tani \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb specifikoni rregulla routing si 'ip ro add 172.16.1.0\/24 via inet6 2001:db8::1 dev eth0' ;\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr ICMPv6 jan\u00eb implementuar thirrjet ioctl icmp_echo_ignore_anycast dhe icmp_echo_ignore_multicast p\u00ebr t\u00eb injoruar ICMP ECHO p\u00ebr anycast dhe<br \/>\nadresa multicast. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=0bc199854405543b0debe67c735c0aae94f1d319\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb kufizuar intensitetin e p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb paketave ICMPv6;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr protokollin mesh B.A.T.M.A.N. ('Better Approach To Mobile Adhoc Networking'), i cili lejon krijimin e rrjetesh dekentrorizuara, \u00e7do nyje e lidhur p\u00ebrmes nyjesh fqinj\u00ebsore, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/32e727449c792b689c2a06a8b4cc9fef6270c5a7\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kalimin nga multicast n\u00eb unicast, si dhe mund\u00ebsia e menaxhimit p\u00ebrmes sysfs;\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb ethtool <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=3aeb0803f7ea11ff2fc478f7d58f2b8e713af380\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar parametri i ri Fast Link Down, q\u00eb mund\u00ebson t\u00eb shkurtosh koh\u00ebn e informimit p\u00ebr ngjarjen e shk\u00ebputjes s\u00eb linj\u00ebs p\u00ebr 1000BaseT (n\u00eb kushte normale, vonesa arrin deri n\u00eb 750ms);\n<li class=\"l\"> Ka kaluar <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/1713cb37bf671e5d98919536941a8b56337874fd\">mund\u00ebsia<\/a><\/noindex> lidhet t\u00eb tunel\u00ebve Foo-Over-UDP n\u00eb nj\u00eb adres\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar, nd\u00ebrfaqe rrjeti ose soket (m\u00eb par\u00eb lidhja b\u00ebhej vet\u00ebm sipas nj\u00eb maske t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme);\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb rrjetin pa tela <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=cb74e9775871f8c82a1297cf76209f10ab5bbe3d\">\u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar<\/a><\/noindex> mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbatuar trajtuesit<br \/>\nOWE (Opportunistic Wireless Encryption) n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb Netfilter, n\u00eb zinxhir\u00ebt nat \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr grupin e adresave inet (p\u00ebr shembull, tani mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni nj\u00eb rregull t\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr kalimin p\u00ebr p\u00ebrpunimin e ipv4 dhe ipv6, pa ndar\u00eb rregullat p\u00ebr ipv4 dhe ipv6);\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb netlink <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=ef6243acb4782df587a4d7d6c310fa5b5d82684b\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=8cb081746c031fb164089322e2336a0bf5b3070c\">re\u017eim<\/a><\/noindex> strict p\u00ebr kontroll t\u00eb rrept\u00eb t\u00eb sakt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha mesazheve dhe atributeve, ku nuk lejohet tejkalimi i madh\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb pritur t\u00eb atributeve dhe ndalimi i shtimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave shtes\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb mesazheve;\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Memorie dhe sh\u00ebrbime sistemike<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb thirrjen e sistemit clone() \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar flaka CLONE_PIDFD, duke treguar q\u00eb prindi kthen nj\u00eb deskriptues skedari 'pidfd', i identifikuar me procesin e krijuar f\u00ebmij\u00eb. Ky deskriptues skedari, p\u00ebr shembull, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar sinjale pa u shqet\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr gjendjen e gar\u00ebs (menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas d\u00ebrgimit t\u00eb sinjalit PID-i i synuar mund t\u00eb lirohet p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb procesit dhe t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsohet nga nj\u00eb proces tjet\u00ebr);\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr versionin e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb cgroups \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar funksionaliteti i kontrollit freezer, me an\u00eb t\u00eb cilit mund t\u00eb ndalet puna n\u00eb cgroup dhe p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht t\u00eb lirohen disa burime (CPU, input\/output dhe potencialisht edhe memorie) p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer detyra t\u00eb tjera. Menaxhimi b\u00ebhet p\u00ebrmes skedar\u00ebve menaxhues cgroup.freeze dhe cgroup.events n\u00eb pem\u00ebn e cgroup. Shkresa 1 n\u00eb cgroup.freeze ngrin proceset n\u00eb cgroup aktual dhe t\u00eb gjitha grupet f\u00ebmijore. Duke qen\u00eb se ngrirja k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar, gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb propozuar skedari cgroup.events p\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimin e operacionit;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=e1cf33aafb84\">\u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar<\/a><\/noindex> eksporti i atributeve t\u00eb memories, t\u00eb lidhura me secilin nyje n\u00eb sysfs, q\u00eb lejon nga hap\u00ebsira e p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb natyr\u00ebn e p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb bankave t\u00eb memories n\u00eb sistemet me memorie heterogjene;\n<li class=\"l\"> Sistemi PSI (Informacioni p\u00ebr Ngarkes\u00ebn e Presionit) \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar, i cili lejon analizimin e informacionit mbi koh\u00ebn e pritjes p\u00ebr marrjen e burimeve t\u00eb ndryshme (CPU, memorie, hyrje\/ dalje) p\u00ebr detyra t\u00eb caktuara ose grupe procesesh n\u00eb cgroup. Me PSI, menaxher\u00ebt n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit mund t\u00eb vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb m\u00eb sakt\u00eb nivelin e ngarkes\u00ebs s\u00eb sistemit dhe natyr\u00ebn e ngadal\u00ebsimit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, krahasuar me Load Average. N\u00eb versionin e ri \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr konfigurimin e pragjeve t\u00eb ndjeshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur thirrjen poll() p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb njoftime mbi kalimin e pragjeve t\u00eb caktuara brenda nj\u00eb periudhe t\u00eb caktuar. Kjo mund\u00ebsi lejon organizimin e monitorimit t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb memories n\u00eb Android n\u00eb nj\u00eb faz\u00eb t\u00eb hershme, p\u00ebr t\u00eb identifikuar burimin e problemeve dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbyllur aplikacionet e par\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, pa sjell\u00eb probleme t\u00eb dukshme p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesin. Gjat\u00eb testeve t\u00eb stresit, mjetet p\u00ebr monitorimin e konsumit t\u00eb memories t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb PSI treguan deri n\u00eb 10 her\u00eb m\u00eb pak alarme false krahasuar me statistik\u00ebn vmpressure;\n<li class=\"l\"> Kodi p\u00ebr verifikimin e programeve BPF \u00ebsht\u00eb optimizuar, i cili p\u00ebr programet e m\u00ebdha filloi t\u00eb kryej\u00eb kontrollin deri n\u00eb 20 her\u00eb m\u00eb shpejt. Optimizimi lejoi rritjen e kufirit t\u00eb madh\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr programet BPF nga 4096 n\u00eb nj\u00eb milion instruksione;\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr programet BPF <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=d859900c4c56\">kan\u00eb p\u00ebrfituar<\/a><\/noindex> mund\u00ebsia e qasjes n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat globale, e cila lejon p\u00ebrcaktimin e variablave dhe konstantave globale n\u00eb programe;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/torvalds\/linux\/blob\/master\/Documentation\/bpf\/prog_cgroup_sysctl.rst\">API<\/a><\/noindex>, duke lejuar kontrollin nga programet BPF mbi ndryshimet e parametrave sysctl;\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn MIPS32 \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar nj\u00eb kompilator JIT p\u00ebr makin\u00ebn virtuale eBPF;\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn 32-bit PowerPC \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr mjetin e debuggimit KASan (Kernel address sanitizer), q\u00eb siguron identifikimin e gabimeve gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs me memorien;\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb sistemet x86-64 \u00ebsht\u00eb hequr kufizimi p\u00ebr vendosjen e dump-eve t\u00eb situat\u00ebs gjat\u00eb rr\u00ebzimit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs (crash-dump) n\u00eb hap\u00ebsira memorjeje mbi 896MB;\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn s390 \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr randomizimin e hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs adresore t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs (KASLR) dhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e verifikimit t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrimeve digjitale gjat\u00eb ngarkimit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs p\u00ebrmes kexec_file_load();\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn PA-RISC \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr debugguesin e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs (KGDB), etiketat e kalimit dhe kprobes;\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Pajisje<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb drejtuesi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=a1d2a6339961efc078208dc3b2f006e9e9a8e119\">\u00ebsht\u00eb kryer puna n\u00eb sjelljen n\u00eb form\u00eb kanonike t\u00eb operacioneve t\u00eb paketimit t\u00eb instruksioneve dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb ripunim t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb disasembler-it, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsim m\u00eb t\u00eb sakt\u00eb t\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs s\u00eb setit t\u00eb komandave t\u00eb GPU-s\u00eb Bifrost dhe p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebris\u00eb me terminologjin\u00eb e pranuar n\u00eb ARM.<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr GPU Mali 400\/450, i p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb shum\u00eb \u00e7ipa t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn ARM. P\u00ebr GPU-t\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb reja Mali \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar drejtori Panfrost, i cili mb\u00ebshtet \u00e7ipat e bazuar n\u00eb mikroarkitektur\u00ebn Midgard (Mali-T6xx, Mali-T7xx, Mali-T8xx) dhe Bifrost (Mali G3x, G5x, G7x);\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr pajisjet audio q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin firmware t\u00eb hapur <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=48266\">Sound Open Firmware<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sofproject.org\/\">SOF<\/a><\/noindex>). Megjith\u00ebse ekzistojn\u00eb drejtues t\u00eb hapur, kodi i firmware p\u00ebr \u00e7ipat audio vazhdon t\u00eb mbetet i mbyllur dhe ofrohet n\u00eb format binar. Projekti Sound Open Firmware \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar nga Intel p\u00ebr krijimin e firmware t\u00eb hapur p\u00ebr \u00e7ipat DSP q\u00eb lidhen me p\u00ebrpunimin e tingullit (m\u00eb von\u00eb Google iu bashkua zhvillimit). Aktualisht, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb projektit jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur firmware t\u00eb hapur p\u00ebr \u00e7ipat audio t\u00eb platformave Intel Baytrail, CherryTrail, Broadwell, ApolloLake, GeminiLake, CannonLake dhe IceLake;\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drejtuesin DRM t\u00eb Intel (i915) \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr \u00e7ipat<br \/>\nElkhartlake (Gen11). Shtuar identifikues PCI p\u00ebr \u00e7ipat Comet Lake (Gen9). Stabilizuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr \u00e7ipat Icelake, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb shtuar gjithashtu identifikues t\u00eb tjer\u00eb PCI t\u00eb pajisjeve.<br \/>\n <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=d57b39e3ee3cdb4b00452090e386d197980cefc9\">Aktivizuar<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nre\u017eimi i nd\u00ebrrimit asinkron midis dy tampon\u00ebve n\u00eb kujtes\u00ebn video (async flip) gjat\u00eb kryerjes s\u00eb operacioneve t\u00eb shkruajta p\u00ebrmes mmio, q\u00eb ka lejuar t\u00eb rritet ndjesh\u00ebm performanca e disa aplikacioneve 3D (p\u00ebr shembull, performanca n\u00eb testin 3DMark Ice Storm u rrit me 300-400%). Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr teknologjin\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HDCP\">HDCP2.2<\/a><\/noindex> (Mbrotja e P\u00ebrmbajtjes Digitale me Band\u00eb t\u00eb Lart\u00eb) p\u00ebr enkriptimin e sinjalit video q\u00eb d\u00ebrgohet p\u00ebrmes HDMI;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drejtuesin amdgpu p\u00ebr GPU Vega20 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=457109829f4ee4107e8c7108237afba21fabbb5e\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar<\/a><\/noindex>  mb\u00ebshtetje RAS (Reliability, Availability, Serviceability) dhe mb\u00ebshtetje eksperimentale p\u00ebr n\u00ebn-sistemin SMU 11, e ardhur n\u00eb vend t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb Powerplay. P\u00ebr GPU Vega12 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=750cced1c08b5258202f29ed954513be8f38df1b\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr modus BACO (Bus Active, Chip Off). Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje fillestare p\u00ebr XGMI, nj\u00eb autobuz me shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb (PCIe 4.0) p\u00ebr lidhjen e GPU-ve. N\u00eb drejtuesin amdkfd jan\u00eb shtuar identifikuesit e munguar p\u00ebr kartat e bazuara n\u00eb GPU Polaris10;\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drejtuesin Nouveau \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr platformat e bazuara n\u00eb \u00e7ipsetin NVIDIA Turing 117 (TU117, e p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb GeForce GTX 1650). N\u00eb<br \/>\n kconfig <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=b30a43ac7132cdda833ac4b13dd1ebd35ace14b7\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> konfigurimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuar funksionalitetet e vjetra q\u00eb nuk p\u00ebrdoren m\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebshimet aktuale t\u00eb libdrm;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb API-n\u00eb DRM dhe drejtuesin amdgpu \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr objektet e sinkronizimit 'timeline', q\u00eb lejojn\u00eb shmangien e bllokimeve klasike.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nga dega staging \u00ebsht\u00eb transferuar drejtuesi vboxvideo n\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen kryesore p\u00ebr GPU-n\u00eb virtuale VirtualBox;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar drejtuesin aspeed p\u00ebr \u00e7ipin GFX SoC ASPEED;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtesa p\u00ebr ARM SoC dhe pllaka Intel Agilex (SoCFPGA), NXP i.MX8MM, Allwinner (RerVision H3-DVK (H3), Oceanic 5205 5inMFD, Beelink GS2 (H6), Orange Pi 3 (H6)), Rockchip (Orange Pi RK3399, Nanopi NEO4, Veyron-Mighty Chromebook), Amlogic: SEI Robotics SEI510,<br \/>\nST Micro (stm32mp157a, stm32mp157c), NXP (<br \/>\n    Eckelmann ci4x10 (i.MX6DL),<\/p>\n<p>    i.MX8MM EVK (i.MX8MM),<\/p>\n<p>    ZII i.MX7 RPU2 (i.MX7),<\/p>\n<p>    ZII SPB4 (VF610),<\/p>\n<p>    Zii Ultra (i.MX8M),<\/p>\n<p>    TQ TQMa7S (i.MX7Solo),<\/p>\n<p>    TQ TQMa7D (i.MX7Dual),<\/p>\n<p>    Kobo Aura (i.MX50),<\/p>\n<p>    Menlosystems M53 (i.MX53)), NVIDIA Jetson Nano (Tegra T210).<\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, Fondi Latinoamerikan i Software-it t\u00eb Lir\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsfla.org\/ikiwiki\/selibre\/linux-libre\/\">formoi<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nnj\u00eb variant <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsfla.org\/ikiwiki\/selibre\/linux-libre\/\">n\u00eb thelb t\u00eb lir\u00eb, b\u00ebrthama 5.2<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/linux-libre.fsfla.org\/pub\/linux-libre\/releases\/5.2-gnu\/\">Linux-libre 5.2-gnu<\/a><\/noindex>, i pastruar nga elemente t\u00eb firmuerve dhe drejtuesve q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb komponente ose kode t\u00eb pad\u00ebshiruara, p\u00ebrdorimi i t\u00eb cilave \u00ebsht\u00eb i kufizuar nga prodhuesi. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb publikim t\u00eb ri \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ngarkimi i skedar\u00ebve<br \/>\nSound Open Firmware. \u00cbsht\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuar ngarkimi i blob-eve n\u00eb drejtuesit<br \/>\n mt7615, rtw88, rtw8822b, rtw8822c, btmtksdio, iqs5xx, ishtp dhe ucsi_ccg. Kodi p\u00ebr pastrimin e blob-eve n\u00eb drejtues dhe n\u00eb n\u00ebnsistemat ixp4xx, imx-sdma, amdgpu, nouveau dhe goya \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar, ashtu si dhe dokumentacioni i mikrokodit. Nd\u00ebrpritet pastrimi i blob-eve n\u00eb drejtuesin r8822be p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb heqjes s\u00eb tij.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51051\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.2. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b Ext4 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0424\u0421, \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f GPU Mali 4xx\/ 6xx\/7xx, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 sysctl \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0445 BPF, device-mapper \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c dm-dust, \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a MDS, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 Sound Open Firmware \u0434\u043b\u044f DSP, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35977","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 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