{"id":36129,"date":"2019-10-31T22:09:46","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:09:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/chasto-zadavaemye-voprosy-po-selinux-faq\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:09:46","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:09:46","slug":"chasto-zadavaemye-voprosy-po-selinux-faq","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chasto-zadavaemye-voprosy-po-selinux-faq","title":{"rendered":"Pyetje t\u00eb shpeshta mbi SELinux (FAQ)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>P\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetje t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve! Ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr student\u00ebt e kursit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/otus.pw\/k52L\/\">&#171;\u0411\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c Linux&#187;<\/a><\/noindex> ne kemi p\u00ebrgatitur p\u00ebrkthimin e FAQ-it zyrtar t\u00eb projektit SELinux. Ne mendojm\u00eb se ky p\u00ebrkthim mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i dobish\u00ebm jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr student\u00ebt, ndaj po e ndajm\u00eb me ju.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Pyetje t\u00eb shpeshta mbi SELinux (FAQ)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/7f244c6dca8425c20136a6774b14c752.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ne p\u00ebrpiqemi t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjemi disa prej pyetjeve m\u00eb t\u00eb shpeshta n\u00eb lidhje me projektin SELinux. Aktualisht, pyetjet jan\u00eb ndar\u00eb n\u00eb dy kategori kryesore. T\u00eb gjitha pyetjet dhe p\u00ebrgjigjet jan\u00eb t\u00eb listuara <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsa.gov\/What-We-Do\/Research\/SELinux\/FAQs\/\">n\u00eb faqen FAQ<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"obzor\">P\u00ebrmbledhje<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"obzor-1\">P\u00ebrmbledhje<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb Linux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar?<br \/>\nLinux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar (SELinux \u2014 Linux i p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar nga siguria) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb zbatim referenc\u00eb i arkitektur\u00ebs s\u00eb siguris\u00eb Flask p\u00ebr kontrollin fleksib\u00ebl t\u00eb aksesit. Ai u krijua p\u00ebr t\u00eb demonstruar dobishm\u00ebrin\u00eb e mekanizmave fleksib\u00ebl t\u00eb administrimit t\u00eb aksesit dhe se si k\u00ebta mekanizma mund t\u00eb shtohen n\u00eb sistemin operativ. Arkitektura Flask m\u00eb pas u integrua n\u00eb Linux dhe u portua n\u00eb disa sisteme t\u00eb tjera, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb sistemin operativ Solaris, sistemin operativ FreeBSD dhe b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Darwin, duke gjeneruar nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb pun\u00ebsh t\u00eb lidhura me k\u00ebt\u00eb. Arkitektura Flask ofron mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme p\u00ebr zbatimin e shum\u00eb llojeve t\u00eb politikave t\u00eb detyruara t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb aksesit, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ato t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb konceptet e Zbatimit t\u00eb Llojit, Kontrollit t\u00eb Aksesit t\u00eb Bazuar n\u00eb Roli dhe Sigurin\u00eb me Shkall\u00eb T\u00eb Manyshme.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7far\u00eb ofron Linux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar q\u00eb standardi Linux nuk mund ta ofroj\u00eb?<br \/>\nNj\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb Linux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar vendos politika t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb aksesit, t\u00eb cilat kufizojn\u00eb programet e p\u00ebrdoruesve dhe server\u00ebt sistemor\u00eb n\u00eb grupin minimal t\u00eb privilegjeve q\u00eb u nevojiten p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer pun\u00ebn e tyre. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb kufizim, aft\u00ebsia e k\u00ebtyre programeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve dhe demon\u00ebve sistemor\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkaktuar d\u00ebm n\u00eb rast compromitimi (p.sh., p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb mbingarkes\u00ebs s\u00eb buferit ose konfigurimit t\u00eb gabuar) zvog\u00eblohet ose eliminohet. Ky mekaniz\u00ebm kufizimi funksionon pavar\u00ebsisht nga mekanizmat tradicional\u00eb t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb aksesit n\u00eb Linux. Ai nuk e ka konceptin e superp\u00ebrdoruesit \"root\" dhe nuk ndan t\u00eb njohurat dob\u00ebsi t\u00eb mekanizmave tradicionale t\u00eb mbrojtjes n\u00eb Linux (p.sh., var\u00ebsia nga skedar\u00ebt binar\u00eb setuid\/setgid).<br \/>\nSiguria e nj\u00eb sistemi Linux t\u00eb modifikuar varet nga sakt\u00ebsia e kernelit, t\u00eb gjitha aplikacioneve me privilegje dhe \u00e7do konfigurimi t\u00eb tyre. Nj\u00eb problem n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb nga k\u00ebto zona mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb komprometimin e gjith\u00eb sistemit. N\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt, siguria e nj\u00eb sistemi t\u00eb modifikuar, i bazuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb kernel Linux me siguri t\u00eb avancuar, varet, n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb, nga sakt\u00ebsia e kernelit dhe konfigurimi i politik\u00ebs s\u00eb tij t\u00eb siguris\u00eb. Edhe pse problemet me sakt\u00ebsin\u00eb ose konfigurimin e aplikacioneve mund t\u00eb lejojn\u00eb nj\u00eb komprometim t\u00eb kufizuar t\u00eb programeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve dhe demon\u00ebve sistemik\u00eb, ato nuk p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb e programeve t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve dhe demon\u00ebve sistemik\u00eb ose p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb e sistemit n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi.<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e dobishme?<br \/>\nFunksionet e reja t\u00eb Linux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar jan\u00eb krijuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar ndarjen e informacionit n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr konfidencialitetin dhe integritetin. Ato jan\u00eb projektuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar proceset e leximit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe programeve, falsifikimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe programeve, anashkalimin e mekanizmave t\u00eb siguris\u00eb s\u00eb aplikacioneve, ekzekutimin e programeve t\u00eb pasigurta ose nd\u00ebrhyrjen n\u00eb procese t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb shkelje t\u00eb politikave t\u00eb siguris\u00eb s\u00eb sistemit. Ato gjithashtu ndihmojn\u00eb n\u00eb kufizimin e d\u00ebm\u00ebve potenciale q\u00eb mund t\u00eb shkaktohen nga programe t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme ose t\u00eb pasakta. Gjithashtu duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb dobishme p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb sistemi nga p\u00ebrdorues q\u00eb kan\u00eb leje t\u00eb ndryshme sigurie p\u00ebr t\u00eb aksesuar lloje t\u00eb ndryshme informacioni me k\u00ebrkesa t\u00eb ndryshme sigurie pa kompromentuar k\u00ebto k\u00ebrkesa.<\/li>\n<li>Si mund t\u00eb marr nj\u00eb kopje?<br \/>\nShum\u00eb distribucione Linux p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr SELinux, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb e nd\u00ebrtuar tashm\u00eb si nj\u00eb funksion i paracaktuar ose si nj\u00eb paket\u00eb shtes\u00eb. Kodi baz\u00eb i p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb SELinux \u00ebsht\u00eb i aksesuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/SELinuxProject\">GitHub<\/a><\/noindex>. P\u00ebrdoruesit p\u00ebrfundimtar\u00eb zakonisht duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin paketat e ofruara nga distribucioni i tyre.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7far\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihet n\u00eb l\u00ebshimin tuaj?<br \/>\nL\u00ebshimi NSA SELinux p\u00ebrfshin kodin kryesor t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb SELinux. Mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr SELinux tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn kryesore t\u00eb Linux 2.6, e disponueshme n\u00eb kernel.org. Kodi kryesor i p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb SELinux konsiston nga nj\u00eb bibliotek\u00eb p\u00ebr manipulimin e politikave binare (libsepol), nj\u00eb kompilator politike (checkpolicy), nj\u00eb bibliotek\u00eb p\u00ebr aplikacionet q\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb siguri (libselinux), nj\u00eb bibliotek\u00eb p\u00ebr mjetet e menaxhimit t\u00eb politik\u00ebs (libsemanage) dhe disa utilitete t\u00eb lidhura me politikat (policycoreutils).<br \/>\nP\u00ebrve\u00e7 b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr SELinux dhe kodit kryesor t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit, do t'ju nevojitet nj\u00eb politik\u00eb dhe disa paketa t\u00eb korrigjuara p\u00ebr SELinux n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur SELinux. Politika mund t\u00eb merret nga <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/TresysTechnology\/refpolicy\/wiki\">projekti i politik\u00ebs referuese SELinux<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/li>\n<li>A mund ta instaloj Linux me mbrojtje t\u00eb avancuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem ekzistues Linux?<br \/>\nPo, ju mund t\u00eb instaloni vet\u00ebm modifikimet SELinux n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem ekzistues Linux ose mund t\u00eb instaloni nj\u00eb distribucion Linux q\u00eb tashm\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr SELinux. SELinux p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nj\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb Linux me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr SELinux, nj\u00eb grup bazik bibliotekash dhe veglash, disa paketa t\u00eb modifikuara t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve dhe konfigurimin e politik\u00ebs. P\u00ebr ta instaluar n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem ekzistues Linux q\u00eb nuk ka mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr SELinux, duhet t\u00eb jeni n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb kompilonit softuerin, si dhe t\u00eb keni paketa t\u00eb tjera sistemore t\u00eb nevojshme. N\u00ebse distribucioni juaj Linux tashm\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr SELinux, nuk keni nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoni ose instaloni l\u00ebshimin NSA SELinux.<\/li>\n<li>Sa i p\u00ebrputhsh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb Linux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar me Linux t\u00eb pambuluar?<br \/>\nLinux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar siguron kompatibilitet binar me aplikacionet ekzistuese Linux dhe me modulat ekzistuese t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs Linux, por disa modulet e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb modifikime p\u00ebr t'u nd\u00ebrvepruar si\u00e7 duhet me SELinux. K\u00ebto dy kategori t\u00eb kompatibilitetit diskutohen n\u00eb detaje m\u00eb posht\u00eb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kompatibiliteti i aplikacioneve<br \/>\nSELinux siguron n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb binarike me aplikacionet ekzistuese. Ne kemi zgjeruar strukturat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb atribute t\u00eb reja mbrojtjeje dhe kemi shtuar thirrje t\u00eb reja API p\u00ebr aplikacionet q\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb siguri. Megjithat\u00eb, ne nuk kemi ndryshuar asnj\u00eb struktur\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash t\u00eb dukshme p\u00ebr aplikacionet dhe nuk kemi ndryshuar nd\u00ebrfaqen e thirrjeve ekzistuese t\u00eb sistemit, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb aplikacionet ekzistuese mund t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb pa ndryshime, n\u00ebse politika e siguris\u00eb e lejon at\u00eb.<\/li>\n<li>Kompatibiliteti i moduleve t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs<br \/>\nFillimi, SELinux ofronte p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebrin\u00eb fillestare vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr modulet ekzistuese t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs; ishte e nevojshme t\u00eb ri-kompilohej k\u00ebto modules n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me titujt e modifikuar t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfituar nga fushat e reja t\u00eb mbrojtjes t\u00eb shtuar n\u00eb strukturat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs. Meqen\u00ebse LSM dhe SELinux tani jan\u00eb t\u00eb integruara n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn kryesore Linux 2.6, SELinux tani ofron p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebri binar me modulet ekzistuese t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs. Sidoqoft\u00eb, disa module t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprime t\u00eb k\u00ebqija me SELinux pa ndryshime. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00ebse nj\u00eb modul b\u00ebrtham\u00eb cakton drejtp\u00ebrdrejt dhe vendos nj\u00eb objekt t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs pa p\u00ebrdorur funksionet standarde t\u00eb inicializimit, at\u00ebher\u00eb objekti i b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs mund t\u00eb mos ket\u00eb informacionin e duhur mbi sigurin\u00eb. Disa modules b\u00ebrtham\u00eb gjithashtu mund t\u00eb mos ken\u00eb kontroll t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm mbi operacionet e tyre; \u00e7do thirrje ekzistuese n\u00eb funksionet e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs ose n\u00eb funksionet e lejes gjithashtu do t\u00eb aktivizoj\u00eb verifikimet e lejes nga SELinux, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebrin\u00eb me politikat MAC mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohen m\u00eb shum\u00eb detaje ose elemente t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb kontrollit.<br \/>\nLinux me p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e siguris\u00eb nuk duhet t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb probleme n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimin me sistemet e zakonshme Linux, n\u00ebse t\u00eb gjitha operacionet e nevojshme jan\u00eb t\u00eb lejuara nga konfigurimi i politik\u00ebs s\u00eb siguris\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Cilat jan\u00eb objektivat e shembullit t\u00eb konfigurimit t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb siguris\u00eb?<br \/>\nN\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel t\u00eb lart\u00eb, q\u00ebllimi \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb demonstrohet fleksibiliteti dhe siguria e mjeteve t\u00eb detyruar p\u00ebr menaxhimin e aksesit dhe t\u00eb ofrohet nj\u00eb sistem i thjesht\u00eb funksional me ndryshime minimale n\u00eb aplikacione. N\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt, politika ka nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00ebllimesh t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruara n\u00eb dokumentacionin e politik\u00ebs. K\u00ebto q\u00ebllime p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb menaxhimin e aksesit t\u00eb pap\u00ebrpunuar n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna, mbrojtjen e integritetit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs, softuerit t\u00eb sistemit, informacionit n\u00eb lidhje me konfigurimin e sistemit dhe regjistrat e sistemit, kufizimin e d\u00ebmti t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm q\u00eb mund t\u00eb shkaktohet nga p\u00ebrdorimi i nj\u00eb dob\u00ebsie n\u00eb nj\u00eb proces q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon privilegje, mbrojtjen e proceseve me privilegje nga ekzekutimi i kodit t\u00eb d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm, mbrojtjen e rolit t\u00eb administratorit dhe domainit nga hyrja pa autentifikimin e p\u00ebrdoruesit, parandalimin e nd\u00ebrhyrjeve t\u00eb proceseve t\u00eb zakonshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve n\u00eb proceset sistemore ose proceset e administratorit, si dhe mbrojtjen e p\u00ebrdoruesve dhe administrator\u00ebve nga p\u00ebrdorimi i dob\u00ebsive n\u00eb shfletuesin e tyre nga kodi i d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm mobil.<\/li>\n<li>Pse Linux u zgjodh si platform\u00eb baz\u00eb?<br \/>\nLinux u zgjodh si platforma p\u00ebr realizimin e par\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtij projekti p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb suksesit t\u00eb tij n\u00eb rritje dhe mjedisit t\u00eb tij t\u00eb hapur t\u00eb zhvillimit. Linux ofron nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer p\u00ebr t\u00eb demonstruar se kjo funksionalitet mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e suksesshme n\u00eb sistemin operativ kryesor dhe, n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, t\u00eb kontribuoni n\u00eb sigurin\u00eb e nj\u00eb sistemi t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur gjer\u00ebsisht. Platforma Linux gjithashtu ofron nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb pun\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje sa m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb dhe ndoshta do t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb si nj\u00eb baz\u00eb p\u00ebr hulumtime t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e siguris\u00eb nga entuziast\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb.<\/li>\n<li>Pse e b\u00ebt\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pun\u00eb?<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsa.gov\/what-we-do\/research\/ia-research\/\">Laboratori Komb\u00ebtar i K\u00ebrkimeve p\u00ebr Sigurin\u00eb e Informacionit <\/a><\/noindex>Agjensia e Siguris\u00eb Komb\u00ebtare \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimet dhe zhvillimet avancuara t\u00eb teknologjive t\u00eb nevojshme, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb NSA t\u00eb mund t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb zgjidhje, produkte dhe sh\u00ebrbime p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb e informacionit p\u00ebr infrastrukturat e informacionit q\u00eb jan\u00eb kritikisht t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr interesat e siguris\u00eb komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb SHBA.<br \/>\nKrijimi i nj\u00eb sistemi operativ t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb sigurt mbetet nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme k\u00ebrkimore. Objektivi yn\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb krijojm\u00eb nj\u00eb arkitektur\u00eb efektive q\u00eb ofron mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb nevojshme p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb, duke ekzekutuar programet n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe e dukshme p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesin dhe t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse p\u00ebr ofruesit. Ne besojm\u00eb se nj\u00eb hap i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm drejt arritjes s\u00eb k\u00ebtij q\u00ebllimi \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb demonstrojm\u00eb se si mekanizmat e menaxhimit t\u00eb aksesit t\u00eb detyruesh\u00ebm mund t\u00eb integrohen me sukses n\u00eb sistemin operativ kryesor.<\/li>\n<li>Si lidh\u00ebt kjo me k\u00ebrkimet e m\u00ebparshme t\u00eb OS t\u00eb NSA?<br \/>\nK\u00ebrkuesit nga Laboratori Komb\u00ebtar i Siguris\u00eb s\u00eb Informacionit t\u00eb NSA n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me Secure Computing Corporation (SCC) kan\u00eb zhvilluar nj\u00eb arkitektur\u00eb t\u00eb fuqishme dhe fleksib\u00ebl t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb detyruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb aksesit e bazuar n\u00eb Type Enforcement, nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm i zhvilluar p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebr sistemin LOCK. NSA dhe SCC kan\u00eb zhvilluar dy prototipa t\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb Mach: DTMach dhe DTOS (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cs.utah.edu\/flux\/dtos\/\">http:\/\/www.cs.utah.edu\/flux\/dtos\/<\/a><\/noindex>). NSA dhe SCC pastaj punuan me grupin k\u00ebrkimor Flux nga Universiteti i Utah, p\u00ebr t\u00eb transferuar arkitektur\u00ebn n\u00eb sistemin operativ k\u00ebrkimor Fluke. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij transferimi, arkitektura u p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsua p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar mb\u00ebshtetje m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr politikat dinamike t\u00eb siguris\u00eb. Kjo arkitektur\u00eb e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar u quajt Flask (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cs.utah.edu\/flux\/flask\/\">http:\/\/www.cs.utah.edu\/flux\/flask\/<\/a><\/noindex>). Tani NSA ka integruar arkitektur\u00ebn Flask n\u00eb sistemin operativ Linux, p\u00ebr t\u00eb transmetuar k\u00ebt\u00eb teknologji n\u00eb nj\u00eb komunitet m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb zhvilluesish dhe p\u00ebrdoruesish.<\/li>\n<li>A \u00ebsht\u00eb Linux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar nj\u00eb sistem operativ t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm?<br \/>\nFraza \u00abSistemi operativ i besuar\u00bb zakonisht i referohet nj\u00eb sistemi operativ q\u00eb ofron mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr shum\u00eb-niveli mbrojtjes dhe verifikimin e sakt\u00ebsis\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushur nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb caktuar k\u00ebrkesash t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb. Linux-i me siguri t\u00eb rritur p\u00ebrfshin ide t\u00eb dobishme nga k\u00ebto sisteme, por p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrohet n\u00eb kontrollin e detyruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb aksesit. Q\u00ebllimi fillestar i zhvillimit t\u00eb Linux-it me siguri t\u00eb rritur ishte krijimi i funksionalitetit t\u00eb dobish\u00ebm q\u00eb ofron avantazhe t\u00eb caktuara mbrojtjeje n\u00eb nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb mjedisesh reale p\u00ebr t\u00eb demonstruar k\u00ebt\u00eb teknologji. SELinux vet\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem operativ i besuesh\u00ebm, por ofron nj\u00eb funksion mbrojt\u00ebs kritik \u2014 kontrollin e detyruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb aksesit \u2014 t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb sistem operativ t\u00eb besuar. SELinux \u00ebsht\u00eb integruar n\u00eb distribucione t\u00eb Linux-it q\u00eb jan\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar sipas Profilit t\u00eb Mbrojtjes me Sigla. Informacionin mbi produktet e verifikueshme dhe t\u00eb kontrollueshme mund ta gjeni n\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/niap-ccevs.org\/\">http:\/\/niap-ccevs.org\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li>A \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrtet e sigurt?<br \/>\nKoncepti i nj\u00eb sistemi t\u00eb sigurt p\u00ebrfshin shum\u00eb atribute (p\u00ebr shembull, siguria fizike, siguria e stafit etj.), dhe Linux-i me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar i drejtohet vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb grupi t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre atributeve (dometh\u00ebnia e elementeve t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb qasjes n\u00eb sistemin operativ). N\u00eb terma t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, nj\u00eb \"sistem i sigurt\" do t\u00eb thot\u00eb mjaft i mbrojtur p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur disa informacione n\u00eb bot\u00ebn reale nga nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtar real, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin pronari dhe\/ose p\u00ebrdoruesi i informacionit \u00ebsht\u00eb paralajm\u00ebruar. Linux-i me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar \u00ebsht\u00eb projektuar vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb demonstruar elemente t\u00eb domosdoshme t\u00eb kontrollit n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem operativ modern, si Linux-i vet\u00eb, dhe prandaj pak gjasa t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbush\u00eb ndonj\u00eb p\u00ebrkufizim t\u00ebrheq\u00ebs t\u00eb nj\u00eb sistemi t\u00eb sigurt. Ne besojm\u00eb se teknologjia e demonstruar n\u00eb Linux-in me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e dobishme p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb krijojn\u00eb sisteme t\u00eb siguruara.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7far\u00eb keni b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur garancit\u00eb?<br \/>\nQ\u00ebllimi i k\u00ebtij projekti ishte t\u00eb shtonte elemente kontrolli t\u00eb qasjes duke b\u00ebr\u00eb ndryshime minimale n\u00eb Linux. Kjo arritje e fundit kufizon ndjesh\u00ebm at\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur garantimin, prandaj nuk kishte pun\u00eb t\u00eb orientuar drejt rritjes s\u00eb garantimit t\u00eb Linux. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimet jan\u00eb t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e m\u00ebparshme p\u00ebr zhvillimin e nj\u00eb arkitekture sigurie me besueshm\u00ebri t\u00eb lart\u00eb, dhe shumica e k\u00ebtyre parimeve t\u00eb dizajnit jan\u00eb transferuar n\u00eb Linux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar.<\/li>\n<li>A do t\u00eb vler\u00ebsoj\u00eb CCEVS Linux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar?<br \/>\nLinux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb adresoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb setin e problemeve t\u00eb siguris\u00eb q\u00eb paraqet profili i mbrojtjes. Edhe pse do t\u00eb ishte e mundur t\u00eb vler\u00ebsohej vet\u00ebm funksionaliteti i tij aktual, ne besojm\u00eb se nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim i till\u00eb do t\u00eb kishte vler\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuar. Megjithat\u00eb, ne kemi punuar me t\u00eb tjer\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb teknologji n\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjet e Linux, q\u00eb jan\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar, dhe shp\u00ebrndarjet q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb vler\u00ebsim. Informacion p\u00ebr produktet e verifikuara dhe t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuara mund t\u00eb gjendet n\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/niap-ccevs.org\/\">http:\/\/niap-ccevs.org\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li>A keni provuar t\u00eb korrigjoni ndonj\u00eb vulnerabilitet?<br \/>\nJo, ne nuk kemi k\u00ebrkuar dhe nuk kemi gjetur asnj\u00eb vulnerabilitet gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs ton\u00eb. Ne vet\u00ebm kemi b\u00ebr\u00eb minimumin e nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtuar mekanizmat tan\u00eb t\u00eb rinj.<\/li>\n<li>A \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo sistem i miratuar p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorim qeveritar?<br \/>\nLinux me siguri t\u00eb avancuar nuk ka asnj\u00eb miratim t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb ose shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin qeveritar mbi versionet e tjera t\u00eb Linux.<\/li>\n<li>Si dallon kjo nga iniciativa t\u00eb tjera?<br \/>\nLinux me siguri t\u00eb avancuar ka nj\u00eb arkitektur\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb p\u00ebr kontroll t\u00eb detajuar t\u00eb aksesit, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb testuar eksperimental me disa sisteme prototipike (DTMach, DTOS, Flask). Studime t\u00eb detajuar jan\u00eb kryer p\u00ebr aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e arkitektur\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb politikash sigurie dhe jan\u00eb t\u00eb disponueshme n\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cs.utah.edu\/flux\/dtos\/\">http:\/\/www.cs.utah.edu\/flux\/dtos\/<\/a><\/noindex> dhe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cs.utah.edu\/flux\/flask\/\">http:\/\/www.cs.utah.edu\/flux\/flask\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<br \/>\nArkitektura ofron menaxhim t\u00eb detajuar p\u00ebr shum\u00eb abstraksione t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve, t\u00eb cilat nuk kontrollohen nga sisteme t\u00eb tjera. Disa nga karakteristikat dalluese t\u00eb sistemit Linux me siguri t\u00eb avancuar jan\u00eb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ndarja e qart\u00eb e politik\u00ebs nga t\u00eb drejtat e zbatimit<\/li>\n<li>Interface t\u00eb politikave t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuara qart\u00eb<\/li>\n<li>Pavar\u00ebsia nga politika t\u00eb caktuara dhe gjuh\u00ebt e politikave<\/li>\n<li>Pavar\u00ebsia nga formate dhe p\u00ebrmbajtje specifike t\u00eb etiketave t\u00eb siguris\u00eb<\/li>\n<li>Etiketa dhe elemente kontrolli t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta p\u00ebr objektet dhe sh\u00ebrbimet e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs<\/li>\n<li>Memorizimi i vendimeve t\u00eb aksesit p\u00ebr efikasitet<\/li>\n<li>Mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr ndryshimet e politik\u00ebs<\/li>\n<li>Kontrolli mbi inicializimin e procesit dhe trash\u00ebgimin\u00eb dhe zbatimin e programit<\/li>\n<li>Menaxhimi i sistemeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve, katalog\u00ebve, skedar\u00ebve dhe p\u00ebrshkrimeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb hapur<\/li>\n<li>Menaxhimi i socket\u00ebve, mesazheve dhe nd\u00ebrfaqeve t\u00eb rrjetit<\/li>\n<li>Kontrolli i p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb 'Fushave'<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Cilat jan\u00eb kufizimet e licenc\u00ebs p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb sistem?<br \/>\nT\u00eb gjitha kodet burimore, t\u00eb gjetura n\u00eb faqen e internetit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsa.gov\">https:\/\/www.nsa.gov<\/a><\/noindex>, shp\u00ebrndahen n\u00ebn t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat kushte si kodet burimore origjinale. P\u00ebr shembull, rivendosjet p\u00ebr b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux dhe rivendosjet p\u00ebr shum\u00eb utilitete ekzistuese, t\u00eb disponueshme k\u00ebtu, l\u00ebshohen n\u00ebn kushtet <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gnu.org\/licenses\/gpl.html\">Licenca Publike GNU (GPL)<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li>A ka kontroll t\u00eb eksportit?<br \/>\nP\u00ebr Linux me siguri t\u00eb avancuar, nuk ka elemente shtes\u00eb t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb eksportit krahasuar me \u00e7do version tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb Linux.<\/li>\n<li>A ka n\u00eb plan NSA ta p\u00ebrdor\u00eb at\u00eb brenda vendit?<br \/>\nP\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb qarta, NSA nuk komenton p\u00ebrdorimin operativ.<\/li>\n<li>A ndryshon Deklarata e Garancive nga 26 korriku 2002 pozitat e Secure Computing Corporation n\u00eb lidhje me faktin se SELinux \u00ebsht\u00eb ofruar n\u00ebn Licenc\u00ebn Publike t\u00eb GNU?<br \/>\nPozita e NSA nuk ka ndryshuar. NSA vazhdon t\u00eb besoj\u00eb se kushtet dhe dispozitat e Licenc\u00ebs Publike t\u00eb Standardit GNU rregullojn\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin, kopjimin, shp\u00ebrndarjen dhe modifikimin e SELinux. Shih. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsa.gov\/news-features\/press-room\/press-releases\/2001\/se-linux.shtml\">Shtypi i NSA dat\u00eb 2 janar 2001<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li>A mb\u00ebshtet NSA softuerin me burim t\u00eb hapur?<br \/>\nIniciativat e NSA p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e siguris\u00eb s\u00eb softuerit p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb si softuerin pronar ashtu edhe at\u00eb me kod t\u00eb hapur, dhe ne kemi p\u00ebrdorur me sukses modele si pronar ashtu edhe t\u00eb hapura n\u00eb aktivitetet tona k\u00ebrkimore. Puna e NSA-s\u00eb p\u00ebr rritjen e siguris\u00eb s\u00eb softuerit \u00ebsht\u00eb motivuar nga nj\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb: p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur sa m\u00eb efektivisht burimet tona p\u00ebr t'u ofruar klient\u00ebve t\u00eb NSA-s\u00eb opsionet m\u00eb t\u00eb mira t\u00eb siguris\u00eb n\u00eb produktet m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura. Q\u00ebllimi i programit k\u00ebrkimor t\u00eb NSA-s\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvillimi i arritjeve teknologjike q\u00eb mund t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahen me komunitetin e zhvilluesve t\u00eb softuerit n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet mekanizmave t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm t\u00eb transferimit. NSA nuk mb\u00ebshtet dhe nuk promovon ndonj\u00eb produkt specifik softuerik apo model biznesi. P\u00ebrkundrazi, NSA kontribuon n\u00eb rritjen e siguris\u00eb.<\/li>\n<li>A mb\u00ebshtet NSA Linux?<br \/>\nSi\u00e7 u p\u00ebrmend m\u00eb lart, NSA nuk mb\u00ebshtet dhe nuk promovon ndonj\u00eb produkt ose platform\u00eb specifike; NSA vet\u00ebm nxit rritjen e siguris\u00eb. Arkitektura Flask, e demonstruar n\u00eb implementimin referues t\u00eb SELinux, \u00ebsht\u00eb transferuar n\u00eb disa sisteme t\u00eb tjera operative, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Solaris, FreeBSD dhe Darwin, e transferuar n\u00eb hipervizorin Xen dhe aplikuar n\u00eb aplikacione t\u00eb tilla si X Window System, GConf, D-BUS dhe PostgreSQL. Konceptet e arkitektur\u00ebs Flask jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb aplikueshme n\u00eb nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb sistemesh dhe mjedisesh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"sotrudnichestvo\">Bashk\u00ebpunimi<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Si planifikojm\u00eb t\u00eb bashk\u00ebrendojm\u00eb me komunitetin Linux?<br \/>\nNe kemi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsa.gov\/what-we-do\/research\/selinux\/\">grup faqesh n\u00eb NSA.gov<\/a><\/noindex>, q\u00eb do t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb si m\u00ebnyra jon\u00eb kryesore p\u00ebr t\u00eb publikuar informacionin mbi Linux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar. N\u00ebse jeni t\u00eb interesuar p\u00ebr Linux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar, rekomandojm\u00eb t'i bashkoheni list\u00ebs s\u00eb postimeve p\u00ebr zhvilluesit, t\u00eb shikoni kodin burimor dhe t\u00eb jepni feedback-un tuaj (ose kodin). P\u00ebr t'u bashkuar me list\u00ebn e postimeve p\u00ebr zhvilluesit, shihni. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsa.gov\/what-we-do\/research\/selinux\/mailing-list.shtml\">Faqen e list\u00ebs s\u00eb postimeve p\u00ebr zhvilluesit SELinux<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/li>\n<li>Kush mund t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb?<br \/>\nSELinux tani mb\u00ebshtetet dhe po zhvillohet nga bashk\u00ebsia e zhvilluesve t\u00eb softuerit p\u00ebr Linux me burim t\u00eb hapur.<\/li>\n<li>A financohet ndonj\u00eb pun\u00eb e m\u00ebtejshme nga NSA?<br \/>\nAktualisht, NSA nuk po shqyrton propozime p\u00ebr pun\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme.<\/li>\n<li>Cili \u00ebsht\u00eb lloji i mb\u00ebshtetjes q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion?<br \/>\nNe planifikojm\u00eb t\u00eb trajtojm\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjet p\u00ebrmes list\u00ebs s\u00eb post\u00ebs selinux@tycho.nsa.gov, por nuk do t\u00eb jemi n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjemi p\u00ebr \u00e7do pyetje q\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me nj\u00eb faqe t\u00eb caktuar.<\/li>\n<li>Kush ndihmoi? \u00c7far\u00eb b\u00ebn\u00eb ata?<br \/>\nNj\u00eb prototip Linux me siguri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar u zhvillua nga NSA n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me partner\u00ebt e k\u00ebrkimeve nga NAI Labs, Secure Computing Corporation (SCC) dhe MITER Corporation. Pas publikimit fillestar publik, pasuan shum\u00eb materiale t\u00eb tjera. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsa.gov\/what-we-do\/research\/selinux\/contributors.shtml\">Shikoni list\u00ebn e pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li>Si mund t\u00eb m\u00ebsoj m\u00eb shum\u00eb?<br \/>\nJu rekomandojm\u00eb t\u00eb vizitoni faqet tona, t\u00eb lexoni dokumentacionin dhe punimet e m\u00ebparshme k\u00ebrkimore, si dhe t\u00eb merrni pjes\u00eb n\u00eb list\u00ebn ton\u00eb t\u00eb post\u00ebs selinux@vger.kernel.org.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A e gjeni p\u00ebrkthimin t\u00eb dobish\u00ebm? Na shkruani komente!<\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/otus\/blog\/459598\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442! \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430 &#171;\u0411\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c Linux&#187; \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e FAQ \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 SELinux. \u041d\u0430\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043c \u0441 \u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435 SELinux. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":27020,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36129","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442! 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Ekskluzivisht p\u00ebr student\u00ebt e kursit \"Siguria n\u00eb Linux\", ne kemi p\u00ebrgatitur p\u00ebrkthimin e FAQ zyrtar t\u00eb projektit SELinux. Ne mendojm\u00eb se ky p\u00ebrkthim mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i dobish\u00ebm jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr student\u00ebt, prandaj po e ndajm\u00eb me ju. Kemi p\u00ebrpiqur t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjemi n\u00eb disa nga pyetjet m\u00eb t\u00eb shpeshta n\u00eb lidhje me projektin SELinux. Aktualisht, pyetjet jan\u00eb t\u00eb ndara n\u00eb dy kategori kryesore. T\u00eb gjitha pyetjet dhe","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chasto-zadavaemye-voprosy-po-selinux-faq","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sq_AL","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043f\u043e SELinux (FAQ) | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0412\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442! \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430 &quot;\u0411\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c Linux&quot; 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