{"id":36263,"date":"2019-10-31T22:10:35","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:10:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/aerodisk-engine-katastrofoustojchivost-chast-2-metroklaster\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:10:35","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:10:35","slug":"aerodisk-engine-katastrofoustojchivost-chast-2-metroklaster","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/aerodisk-engine-katastrofoustojchivost-chast-2-metroklaster","title":{"rendered":"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/7671ec455e464b7fe98b0b8ffcd38e24.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetje, lexues t\u00eb Habr\u00ebs! N\u00eb artikullin e kaluar ne fol\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb mjet t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb ndaj katastrofave n\u00eb sistemet e ruajtjes AERODISK ENGINE \u2013 p\u00ebr replikimin. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull ne do t\u00eb thellojm\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb tem\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb komplikuar dhe interesante \u2013 metroklaster, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mjet i automatizuar p\u00ebr mbrojtjen nga katastrofat p\u00ebr dy Qendrat e T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave, duke lejuar q\u00eb Qendrat e T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb n\u00eb modin aktive-aktive. Do t\u00eb tregojm\u00eb, do t\u00eb shfaqim, do t\u00eb prishim dhe do t\u00eb rregullojm\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"kak-obychno-v-nachale-teoriya\">Si zakonisht, n\u00eb fillim teoria<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Metroklaster \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb klaster i shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb disa vende brenda qytetit ose rajonit. Fjala \"klaster\" na sugjeron qart\u00eb se kompleksi \u00ebsht\u00eb automatizuar, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se kalimi i nyjave t\u00eb klasterit n\u00eb rast t\u00eb d\u00ebshtimeve ndodh automatikisht. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>K\u00ebtu q\u00ebndron dallimi kryesor midis metroklasterit dhe replik\u00ebs s\u00eb zakonshme. Automatizimi i operacioneve. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb rastin e ndodhis\u00eb ndonj\u00eb ngjarjeje (d\u00ebshtimi i Qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave, nd\u00ebrprerja e kanaleve etj.), sistemi i ruajtjes do t\u00eb kryej\u00eb automatikisht veprimet e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur qasjen n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna. Nd\u00ebrsa kur p\u00ebrdoren replikat e zakonshme, k\u00ebto veprime kryhen plot\u00ebsisht ose pjes\u00ebrisht manualisht nga administratori.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"dlya-chego-eto-nuzhno\">P\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo e nevojshme?<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Q\u00ebllimi kryesor q\u00eb kan\u00eb klient\u00ebt duke p\u00ebrdorur realizime t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb metroklasterit \u00ebsht\u00eb minimizimi i RTO (Objective i Koh\u00ebs p\u00ebr Rind\u00ebrtim). Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb minimizimi i koh\u00ebs s\u00eb rikthimit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve IT pas nj\u00eb d\u00ebshtimi. N\u00ebse p\u00ebrdorim replikimin e zakonsh\u00ebm, koha e rikthimit do t\u00eb jet\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb m\u00eb e gjat\u00eb se koha e rikthimit me metroklaster. Pse? Shum\u00eb e thjesht\u00eb. Administratori duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb vendin e pun\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb replikimin me duar, nd\u00ebrsa metroklaster e b\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb automatikisht.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse nuk keni nj\u00eb administrator t\u00eb dedikuar q\u00eb nuk fle, nuk ha, nuk pi duhan dhe nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i s\u00ebmur\u00eb, q\u00eb shikon 24 or\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb gjendjen e SHT, at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk ka mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb garantoni se administratori do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i disponuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr kalim manual gjat\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Prandaj, RTO n\u00eb rastin e munges\u00ebs s\u00eb metroklasterit ose nj\u00eb administratori t\u00eb pavdekur t\u00eb nivelit 99 t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i barabart\u00eb me shum\u00ebn e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb kalimit t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha sistemeve dhe intervalit maksimal t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, pas t\u00eb cilit administratori garanton se do t\u00eb filloj\u00eb t\u00eb punoj\u00eb me SHT dhe sistemet e lidhura. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>K\u00ebshtu, arrijm\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin e qart\u00eb se metroklaustri duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb rast se k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr RTO \u00ebsht\u00eb minuta, e jo or\u00eb apo dit\u00eb. Pra, kur n\u00eb rastin e r\u00ebnies m\u00eb t\u00eb keqe t\u00eb Qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave, departamenti IT duhet t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb biznesit koh\u00ebn p\u00ebr rikthimin e aksesit n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet IT brenda minutash, madje edhe sekondash.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"kak-eto-rabotaet\">Si funksionon kjo?<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb nivele m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta, metroklaustri p\u00ebrdor mekanizmin e replikimit sinkronik t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, t\u00eb cilin e p\u00ebrshkruam n\u00eb artikullin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm (shih. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/aerodisk\/blog\/456348\/\">link<\/a><\/noindex>). Duke qen\u00eb se replikimi \u00ebsht\u00eb sinkronik, k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr t\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse, konkretisht:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>fibra optike si fizik\u00eb, Ethernet 10 gigabit (ose m\u00eb i lart\u00eb);<\/li>\n<li>distanca midis Qendrave t\u00eb T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave nuk duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 40 kilometra;<\/li>\n<li>vonesa e kanalit t\u00eb optik\u00ebs midis Qendrave t\u00eb T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave (midis SHT) deri n\u00eb 5 milisekonda (optimale 2).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto k\u00ebrkesa jan\u00eb rekomanduese, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb metroklaustri do t\u00eb punoj\u00eb edhe n\u00ebse k\u00ebto k\u00ebrkesa nuk respektohen, por duhet kuptuar se pasojat e mosrespektimit t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre k\u00ebrkesave jan\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme me ngadal\u00ebsimin e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb dyja SHT-ve n\u00eb metroklauster.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pra, p\u00ebr t\u00eb transferuar t\u00eb dh\u00ebna midis SHT-ve p\u00ebrdoret replikimi sinkronik, dhe si ndodhin automatikisht kalimet e replikave dhe, m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, si t\u00eb shmangen split-brain? P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb n\u00eb nivelin e sip\u00ebrm p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb entitet shtes\u00eb - arbitri. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"kak-rabotaet-arbitr-i-v-chem-ego-zadacha\">Si funksionon arbitri dhe cila \u00ebsht\u00eb detyra e tij?<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Arbitri p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nj\u00eb makin\u00eb virtuale t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, ose nj\u00eb klaster harduerik, i cili duhet t\u00eb aktivizohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb tret\u00eb (p.sh., n\u00eb zyr\u00eb) dhe t\u00eb sigurohet qasje n\u00eb SHT p\u00ebrmes ICMP dhe SSH. Pas aktivizimit, arbitrit i duhet t\u00eb vendos\u00eb IP-n\u00eb, dhe pastaj nga ana e SHT-s\u00eb t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb adres\u00ebn e tij, plus adresat e kontrolluesve t\u00eb larg\u00ebt q\u00eb marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb metroklauster. Pas k\u00ebsaj, arbitri \u00ebsht\u00eb gati p\u00ebr pun\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Arbitri kryen monitorim t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm t\u00eb gjitha SHT-ve n\u00eb metroklauster dhe n\u00eb rast se nj\u00eb sistem ruajtjeje \u00ebsht\u00eb i paarritsh\u00ebm, ai, pas konfirmimit t\u00eb paarritshm\u00ebris\u00eb nga nj\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebs tjet\u00ebr i klasterit (nj\u00eb nga SHT-t\u00eb 'aktive'), merr vendimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb filluar procedur\u00ebn e kalimit t\u00eb rregullave t\u00eb replikimit dhe mapimin.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb moment shum\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm. Arbitri gjithmon\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend ndryshe nga ata ku ndodhen SHT-t\u00eb, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb as n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn e T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave 1, ku ndodhet SHT 1, as n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn e T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave 2, ku \u00ebsht\u00eb instaluar SHT 2. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pse? Sepse vet\u00ebm k\u00ebshtu arbitri me ndihm\u00ebn e nj\u00eb nga sistemet e mbetjeve t\u00eb mbetura mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb nj\u00ebher\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithmon\u00eb r\u00ebnien e ndonj\u00eb prej dy platformave ku jan\u00eb instaluar sistemet e mbetjeve. \u00c7do m\u00ebnyr\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr vendosjen e arbitrit mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb split-brain. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"teper-pogruzimsya-v-detali-raboty-arbitra\">Tani le t\u00eb hedhim nj\u00eb v\u00ebshtrim m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb n\u00eb detajet e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb arbitrit.<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb arbit\u00ebr jan\u00eb t\u00eb aktivizuara disa sh\u00ebrbime, t\u00eb cilat vazhdimisht kontrollojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha kontrolluesit e sistemit t\u00eb mbetjeve. N\u00ebse rezultati i kontrollit ndan nga ai i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm (i arritsh\u00ebm\/jo i arritsh\u00ebm), at\u00ebher\u00eb regjistrohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash, e cila gjithashtu funksionon n\u00eb arbit\u00ebr.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Le t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb logjik\u00ebn e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb arbitrit m\u00eb n\u00eb detaje.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><u>Hapi 1. P\u00ebrcaktimi i pap\u00ebrshkueshm\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/u> Ngjarja-signal p\u00ebr d\u00ebshtimin e sistemit t\u00eb mbetjeve \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e ping-ut nga t\u00eb dy kontrolluesit e nj\u00eb sistemi t\u00eb mbetjeve brenda 5 sekondave. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><u>Hapi 2. Nisja e procedur\u00ebs s\u00eb ndryshimit. <\/u>Pasi arbitri kupton se nj\u00eb nga sistemet e mbetjeve nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e arritshme, ai d\u00ebrgon nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb p\u00ebr sistemin e mbetjeve \"t\u00eb gjall\u00eb\" p\u00ebr t\u00eb verifikuar se sistemi \"i vdekur\" v\u00ebrtet \u00ebsht\u00eb vdekur. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pas marrjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb urdhri t\u00eb till\u00eb nga arbitri, sistemi i dyt\u00eb (i gjall\u00eb) kontrollon p\u00ebrs\u00ebri aksesin e sistemit t\u00eb mbetjeve q\u00eb ka r\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb verifikuar n\u00ebse ajo mungon, dhe n\u00ebse ajo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e pranishme, d\u00ebrgon arbitrit konfirmimin e dyshimit t\u00eb tij. Sistemi i mbetjeve, v\u00ebrtet, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i arritsh\u00ebm. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pas marrjes s\u00eb k\u00ebtij konfirmimi, arbitri nis procedur\u00ebn e larg\u00ebt t\u00eb ndryshimit t\u00eb replikimeve dhe ngritjes s\u00eb mapimeve n\u00eb replikat q\u00eb ishin aktive (primary) n\u00eb sistemin e mbetjeve q\u00eb ka r\u00ebn\u00eb, dhe d\u00ebrgon nj\u00eb komand\u00eb p\u00ebr sistemin e dyt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebto replikate nga secondary n\u00eb primary dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngritur mapimin. Nd\u00ebrkaq, sistemi i dyt\u00eb, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht, realizon k\u00ebto procedura dhe si rezultat siguron qasje n\u00eb LUN-t\u00eb e humbura nga vetja.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme verifikimi shtes\u00eb? P\u00ebr kvorum. Pra, shumica e pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve n\u00eb grupin e \u00e7rregullt (3) duhet t\u00eb konfirmojn\u00eb r\u00ebnien e nj\u00ebrit prej nyjave t\u00eb grupit. Vet\u00ebm at\u00ebher\u00eb kjo vendim do t\u00eb jet\u00eb sakt\u00ebsisht e sakt\u00eb. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur ndryshimin e gabuar dhe, p\u00ebr rrjedhoj\u00eb, nj\u00eb situat\u00eb split-brain. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Hapi 2, n\u00eb koh\u00eb, zgjat rreth 5 - 10 sekonda, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb duke marr\u00eb parasysh koh\u00ebn q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar pap\u00ebrshkueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb (5 sekonda), brenda 10 - 15 sekondave pas aksidentit, LUN-t\u00eb me at\u00eb q\u00eb ka r\u00ebn\u00eb do t\u00eb jen\u00eb automatikisht t\u00eb arritshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar me sistemin e mbetjeve t\u00eb gjall\u00eb. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Natyrisht, q\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur shk\u00ebputjen e lidhjes me host\u00ebt, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb kujdesemi p\u00ebr konfigurimin e sakt\u00eb t\u00eb koh\u00ebve t\u00eb pritjes te host\u00ebt. Koh\u00ebzgjatja e rekomanduar \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 30 sekonda. Kjo do t\u00eb parandaloj\u00eb hostin t\u00eb shk\u00ebputet nga SAN gjat\u00eb kalimit t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs n\u00eb rast aksidenti dhe do t\u00eb garantoj\u00eb munges\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrprerjes s\u00eb hyrjes\/daljes.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Po, n\u00ebse metroklastri \u00ebsht\u00eb kaq i mir\u00eb, p\u00ebrse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme replikimi i zakonsh\u00ebm? <\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, gjith\u00e7ka nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aq e thjesht\u00eb. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"rassmotrim-plyusy-i-minusy-metroklastera\">Le t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe disavantazhet e metroklastrit<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pra, kuptuam se p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsit\u00eb e dukshme t\u00eb metroklastrit krahasuar me replikimin e zakonsh\u00ebm jan\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Automatizimi i plot\u00eb, duke siguruar koh\u00ebn minime t\u00eb rikuperimit n\u00eb rast katastrofe;<\/li>\n<li>Dhe kaq :-).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tani, m\u00eb v\u00ebmendje, disavantazhet:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kostoja e zgjidhjes. Edhe pse metroklastri n\u00eb sistemet Airodisk nuk k\u00ebrkon licencim shtes\u00eb (p\u00ebrdoret e nj\u00ebjta licenc\u00eb si ajo p\u00ebr replik\u00ebn), kostoja e zgjidhjes do t\u00eb jet\u00eb akoma m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se ajo e replikimit sinkron. Do t\u00eb duhen p\u00ebrmbushur t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr replik\u00ebn sinkron, plus k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr metroklastrin, t\u00eb lidhura me komunikim shtes\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb lokacion t\u00eb shtuar (shih Planifikimin e Metroklastrit);<\/li>\n<li>Kompleksiteti i zgjidhjes. Metroklastri \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar ndjesh\u00ebm m\u00eb komplekse se replikat e zakonshme dhe k\u00ebrkon m\u00eb shum\u00eb v\u00ebmendje dhe pun\u00eb p\u00ebr planifikim, konfigurim dhe dokumentim.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb fund. <strong>Metroklastri \u00ebsht\u00eb, pa dyshim, nj\u00eb zgjidhje shum\u00eb teknologjike dhe e mir\u00eb, kur ju nevojitet me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb siguroheni p\u00ebr nj\u00eb RTO n\u00eb sekonda ose minuta.<\/strong> Por n\u00ebse nuk ka nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, dhe RTO n\u00eb ore \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rregull p\u00ebr biznesin, at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk ka kuptim t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00ebsh arm\u00eb t\u00eb fuqishme p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjuajtur merimanga. Mjafton nj\u00eb replikim i zakonsh\u00ebm, pasi metroklastri do t\u00eb sjell\u00eb shpenzime shtes\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb komplikohet infrastruktura IT.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"planirovanie-metroklastera\">Planifikimi i Metroklastrit<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ky seksion nuk pretendon t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb udh\u00ebzues gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs p\u00ebr projektimin e metroklastrit, por tregon vet\u00ebm drejtime kryesore q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb shqyrtohen, n\u00ebse keni vendosur t\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb till\u00eb. Prandaj, gjat\u00eb implementimit t\u00eb metroklastrit, sigurohuni t\u00eb angazhoni p\u00ebr konsultime prodhuesin e SAN (dometh\u00ebn\u00eb ne) dhe sisteme t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"ploschadki\">Lokacionet<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Si\u00e7 u tha m\u00eb lart, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb metroklauster jan\u00eb t\u00eb nevojshme t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn tri vendndodhje. Dy DC-t\u00eb, ku do t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb sistemet e ruajtjes dhe sistemet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse, si dhe nj\u00eb vendndodhje e tret\u00eb, ku do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb arbitri.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Distanca e rekomanduar midis DC-ve \u00ebsht\u00eb jo m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 40 kilometra. Nj\u00eb distanc\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe me nj\u00eb probabilitet t\u00eb lart\u00eb do t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb vonesa shtes\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb rastin e metroklausterit jan\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb pa d\u00ebshiruara. T\u00eb kujtojm\u00eb, vonesat duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb deri n\u00eb 5 milisekonda, megjith\u00ebse preferohet t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb n\u00eb 2.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Rekomandohet q\u00eb vonesat t\u00eb kontrollohen gjithashtu gjat\u00eb faz\u00ebs s\u00eb planifikimit. \u00c7do ofrues m\u00eb s\u00eb paku t\u00eb rritur, q\u00eb ofron fibra optike midis DC-ve, mund t\u00eb organizoj\u00eb nj\u00eb kontroll t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb mjaft shpejt. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Sa i p\u00ebrket vonesave deri te arbitri (dmth midis vendndodhjes s\u00eb tret\u00eb dhe dy t\u00eb parave), pragu i rekomanduar i vonesave \u00ebsht\u00eb deri n\u00eb 200 milisekonda, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje tipike VPN korporative mbi internet do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mjaftueshme.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"kommutaciya-i-set\">Shk\u00ebmbimi dhe rrjeti<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ndryshe nga skema me replikimin, ku mjafton t\u00eb lidh\u00ebsh s\u00eb bashku sistemet e ruajtjes nga vendndohcje t\u00eb ndryshme, skema me metroklauster k\u00ebrkon lidhjen e hosteve me t\u00eb dy sistemet e ruajtjes n\u00eb vendndohcje t\u00eb ndryshme. P\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb, dallimi midis dy skemave \u00ebsht\u00eb i sh\u00ebnuar m\u00eb posht\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/12334c29a498f686e8eb946daab587c1.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/46db8c81d15be3f89e1f9dbee4489e3b.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Si\u00e7 tregohet n\u00eb skem\u00eb, ne kemi hostet e vendndodhjes 1 q\u00eb shohin si n\u00eb SHD1 ashtu edhe n\u00eb SHD2. Po ashtu, anasjelltas, hostet e vendndohcjes 2 shohin dhe n\u00eb SHD2 dhe n\u00eb SHD1. Pra, \u00e7do host sheh t\u00eb dy sistemet e ruajtjes. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kusht i domosdosh\u00ebm p\u00ebr funksionimin e metroklausterit.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Natyrisht, nuk ka nevoj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00e7do host t\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00eb nj\u00eb kabllo optike n\u00eb DC-n\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, portet dhe kabllot do t\u00eb ishin t\u00eb pamjaftueshme. T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto lidhje duhet t\u00eb kryhen p\u00ebrmes switch-esh Ethernet 10G+ ose FibreChannel 8G+ (FC vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr lidhjen e hosteve me sistemet e ruajtjes p\u00ebr IO, kanali i replikimit aktualisht \u00ebsht\u00eb i disponuesh\u00ebm vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes IP (Ethernet 10G+). <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tani disa fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr topologjin\u00eb e rrjetit. Nj\u00eb pik\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb konfigurimi i sakt\u00eb i subneteve. \u00cbsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohen disa subnet p\u00ebr lloje t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb trafikut q\u00eb n\u00eb fillim:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Subnet p\u00ebr replikimin, mbi t\u00eb cilin do t\u00eb sinkronizohen t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat midis sistemet e ruajtjes. Mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb disa, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast nuk ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi, gjith\u00e7ka varet nga topologjia aktuale (t\u00eb realizuar tashm\u00eb) e rrjetit. N\u00ebse ka dy, padyshim q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb konfigurohet rrug\u00ebzimi midis tyre;<\/li>\n<li>N subnetet e ruajtur t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, p\u00ebrmes t\u00eb cilave hostet do t\u00eb ken\u00eb qasje n\u00eb burimet e S\u03a7D (n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb iSCSI). K\u00ebto subnet duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb nj\u00eb e till\u00eb n\u00eb secil\u00ebn qend\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave;<\/li>\n<li>Subnetet menaxhuese, pra tre subnet t\u00eb ruterizueshme n\u00eb tre lokacione, nga t\u00eb cilat menaxhohet S\u03a7D dhe aty gjendet arbitri.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Subnetet p\u00ebr qasje n\u00eb burimet e hosteve k\u00ebtu nuk shqyrtohen, pasi ato varen shum\u00eb nga detyrat. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ndara e trafikut t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm n\u00eb subnet t\u00eb ndryshme \u00ebsht\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme (ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb ndahen replikat nga hyrja-dalja), pasi n\u00ebse p\u00ebrzihen t\u00eb gjith\u00eb trafiku n\u00eb nj\u00eb subnet 't\u00eb trash\u00eb', at\u00ebher\u00eb ky trafik do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet i pamundur p\u00ebr tu menaxhuar, dhe n\u00eb kushtet e dy qendrave t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, kjo mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb variante t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb kolizionit t\u00eb rrjetit. Ne nuk do t\u00eb thellohemi shum\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebtij artikulli, pasi rreth planifikimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjeti t\u00eb shtrir\u00eb midis qendrave t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave mund t\u00eb lexoni n\u00eb burime t\u00eb prodhuesve t\u00eb pajisjeve rrjet\u00ebrore, ku kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar shum\u00eb n\u00eb detaje.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"konfiguraciya-arbitra\">Konfigurimi i arbitrit<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Arbitri duhet t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb qasje n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha nd\u00ebrfaqet menaxhuese t\u00eb S\u03a7D p\u00ebrmes protokolleve ICMP dhe SSH. Gjithashtu duhet t\u00eb mendohet p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e arbitrit. K\u00ebtu ka nj\u00eb nuanc\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebria e arbitrit \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e d\u00ebshirueshme, por jo e detyrueshme. \u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb n\u00ebse arbitri bie n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm?<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Funksionimi normal i metroklastit nuk do t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb, pasi arbitri nuk ka ndikim mbi funksionimin normal t\u00eb metroklastit (detyra e tij \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebn n\u00eb koh\u00eb midis qendrave t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave)<\/li>\n<li>N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, n\u00ebse arbitri bie p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb arsye dhe nuk 'zbulon' nj\u00eb aksident n\u00eb qendr\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, asnj\u00eb kalim nuk do t\u00eb ndodhi, pasi nuk ka askush p\u00ebr t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb komandat e nevojshme p\u00ebr kalim dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar kuorumin. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, metroklastri do t\u00eb kthehet n\u00eb nj\u00eb skem\u00eb t\u00eb zakonshme me replikim, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn do t\u00eb duhet ta kaloni manualisht gjat\u00eb katastrof\u00ebs, q\u00eb do t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb RTO.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7far\u00eb pasojash nxjerrim nga kjo? N\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrtet e nevojshme t\u00eb sigurohet nj\u00eb nivel minimal RTO, duhet t\u00eb sigurohet q\u00ebndruese e arbitrit. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ka dy mund\u00ebsi:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u00eb nisni nj\u00eb virtualizues me arbitrin n\u00eb nj\u00eb hipervizor t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm, meqen\u00ebse t\u00eb gjitha hipervizor\u00ebt serioz\u00eb e mb\u00ebshtesin q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb;<\/li>\n<li>N\u00ebse n\u00eb lokacionin e tret\u00eb (n\u00eb nj\u00eb zyr\u00eb hipotetike) \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00ebrzi t\u00eb vendosni nj\u00eb grumbull normal dhe nuk ka nj\u00eb grumbull ekzistues t\u00eb hiperreplikator\u00ebve, ne kemi p\u00ebrcaktuar nj\u00eb variant harduerik t\u00eb arbitrit, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuti 2U, ku punojn\u00eb dy server\u00eb t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm x-86 dhe q\u00eb mund t\u00eb mbijetoj\u00eb nj\u00eb d\u00ebshtim lokal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ne e rekomandojm\u00eb me ngulm sigurimin e q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb arbitrit, ndon\u00ebse n\u00eb modin standard nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr metrokasterin. Por si\u00e7 tregon teoria dhe praktika, n\u00ebse nd\u00ebrtojm\u00eb nj\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb besueshme, \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb jemi t\u00eb sigurt. M\u00eb mir\u00eb ta mbrojm\u00eb veten dhe biznesin nga 'ligji i k\u00ebqijve', dometh\u00ebn\u00eb nga d\u00ebshtimi i nj\u00ebkohsh\u00ebm i arbitrit dhe nj\u00eb nga lokacionet ku ndodhet sistemi i ruajtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"arhitektura-resheniya\">Arkitektura e zgjidhjes<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Duke marr\u00eb parasysh k\u00ebrkesat e lartp\u00ebrmendura, ne marrim arkitektur\u00ebn e p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb zgjidhjes.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/e60f67d6705d940f1c06b06328bf99a5.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Duhet t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahen LUN-et n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb n\u00eb dy lokacione, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur mbingarkes\u00ebn e madhe. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrllogaritjes n\u00eb t\u00eb dy qendrat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave (datacenters), duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrllogariten jo vet\u00ebm dyfishi i volumit (i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb simultane n\u00eb dy sisteme ruajtje t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave), por edhe dyfishi i performanc\u00ebs n\u00eb IOPS dhe MB\/s, p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar degradimin e aplikacioneve gjat\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb nga qendrat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Dua t\u00eb theksoj ve\u00e7anti, se me nj\u00eb qasje t\u00eb duhur ndaj p\u00ebrllogaritjes (dometh\u00ebn\u00eb, me kushtin q\u00eb ne kemi parashikuar kufijt\u00eb e nevojsh\u00ebm t\u00eb IOPS dhe MB\/s, si dhe burimet e nevojshme t\u00eb CPU dhe RAM), kur nj\u00eb nga sistemet e ruajtjes t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave d\u00ebshton n\u00eb metrokaster, nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs temporale me nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb vet\u00ebm.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Kjo shpjegohet nga fakti se n\u00eb kushtet e pun\u00ebs me dy lokacione, replikimi sinxhron p\u00ebrfundon gjysm\u00ebn e performanc\u00ebs gjat\u00eb shkrimit, pasi \u00e7do transaksion duhet t\u00eb shkruhet n\u00eb dy sisteme ruajtje t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave (ngjash\u00ebm me RAID-1\/10). Pra, gjat\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb nga sistemet e ruajtjes t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, ndikimi i replikimit p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht (deri sa t\u00eb rikonfigurohet sistemi q\u00eb ka d\u00ebshtuar) zhduket, dhe ne merrni nj\u00eb rritje dyfish t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs n\u00eb shkrim. Pas rikonfigurimit t\u00eb LUN-eve t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar n\u00eb sistemin e pun\u00ebs, kjo rritje dyfish zhduket p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs nga LUN-et e sistemit tjet\u00ebr, dhe ne kthehemi n\u00eb nivelin e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs q\u00eb kishim para 'r\u00ebnies', por tani vet\u00ebm brenda nj\u00eb lokacioni. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Me ndihm\u00ebn e nj\u00eb sizimi t\u00eb sakt\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb ofrohet nj\u00eb situat\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn p\u00ebrdoruesit nuk do ta ndiejn\u00eb fare d\u00ebshtimin e gjith\u00eb SHD-s\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, le t\u00eb theksojm\u00eb s\u00ebrish se kjo k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb sizim shum\u00eb t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin, p\u00ebr fat t\u00eb mir\u00eb, mund t\u00eb na kontaktoni falas :-).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"nastroyka-metroklastera\">Konfigurimi i metrokasterit<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Konfigurimi i metrokasterit \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i ngjash\u00ebm me konfigurimin e replikimit t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm, t\u00eb cilin e kemi p\u00ebrshkruar n\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/aerodisk\/blog\/456348\/\">artikulli i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm<\/a><\/noindex>. Prandaj, le t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrohemi vet\u00ebm n\u00eb dallimet. Ne kemi vendosur nj\u00eb sken\u00eb laboratorike t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn e m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme, vet\u00ebm n\u00eb versionin minimal: dy SHD, t\u00eb lidhura p\u00ebrmes 10G Ethernet me nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn, dy kalimtar\u00eb 10G dhe nj\u00eb host, i cili shikon p\u00ebrmes kalimtar\u00ebve n\u00eb t\u00eb dy SHD-t\u00eb me portet 10G. Arbitri punon n\u00eb nj\u00eb makin\u00eb virtuale.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/04e318609929553ed651fd702f0c7327.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Kur konfiguroni IP-t\u00eb virtuale (VIP) p\u00ebr replikat, duhen zgjedhur llojin e VIP-it - p\u00ebr metrokaster.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/ym\/aw\/89\/ymaw89gofhplngagm5nvveg4oe0.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/974acf7aad3244c48049d09ff9b99a52.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Krijuam dy lidhje replikimi p\u00ebr dy LUN-e dhe i shp\u00ebrndam\u00eb ato n\u00eb dy SHD: LUN TEST Primary n\u00eb SHD1 (lidhja METRO), LUN TEST2 Primary p\u00ebr SHD2 (lidhja METRO2).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/7ff6c2bcf23bfa48974ba3ae5538e424.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr to, ne kemi konfigurua dy targeta t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb (n\u00eb rastin ton\u00eb iSCSI, por mb\u00ebshtetet edhe FC, logjika e konfigurimit \u00ebsht\u00eb e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>SHD1:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/e8378f8a65ea7886d9bf0b97b76394c4.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>SHD2:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/dee6c339ff0b15ec24f8d2d19d874921.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr lidhjet e replikimit kemi b\u00ebr\u00eb mapping n\u00eb \u00e7do SHD.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>SHD1:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/c71dcc46058731acb7fdf44a2ae52f56.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>SHD2:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/f473a0862ccb11d55ff1b1f13d5db87e.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Konfigurua multipath dhe u prezantua n\u00eb host.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/e3eea3967f75388cf5bd5aeb8ec4f5df.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/20ce2c6f94a1ec507704b2adabe7f7fa.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"nastraivaem-arbitra\">Konfigurimi i arbitrit<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Me vet\u00eb arbitrin nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nevoja t\u00eb b\u00ebhet ndonj\u00eb gj\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, duhet thjesht t\u00eb aktivizohet n\u00eb platform\u00ebn e tret\u00eb, t'i vendoset nj\u00eb IP dhe t\u00eb konfigurohet qasje p\u00ebrmes ICMP dhe SSH. Konfigurimi i vet\u00eb arbitrit kryhet nga vet\u00eb SHD-t\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, konfigurimi i arbitrit mjafton t\u00eb kryhet nj\u00eb her\u00eb n\u00eb cilindo nga kontrolluesit e SHD-s\u00eb n\u00eb metrokaster, k\u00ebto konfigurime do t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapen automatikisht n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kontrolluesit.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb seksionin Replikimi i Larg\u00ebt &gt;&gt; Metrokaster (n\u00eb \u00e7do kontrollues) &gt;&gt; butoni \"Konfiguro\".<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/sy\/h0\/x-\/syh0x-gywrz2yu8w9mk0us5mwcg.jpeg\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/c83c1dd267dcbe0203af23e2f10772c4.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Shtojm\u00eb IP-n\u00eb e arbitrit, si dhe nd\u00ebrfaqet menaxhuese t\u00eb dy kontrolluesve t\u00eb SHD-s\u00eb s\u00eb larg\u00ebt.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/760f6f703f5f0eef1072c4c6ca393089.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pas k\u00ebsaj, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb aktivizoni t\u00eb gjitha sh\u00ebrbimet (butoni \"Rivendos t\u00eb gjitha\"). N\u00eb rast t\u00eb ri-konfigurimit n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen, sh\u00ebrbimet duhet patjet\u00ebr t\u00eb rinisen q\u00eb konfigurimet t\u00eb hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb fuqi.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/ad25df4a17879bcddb45480368c51095.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Kontrolloni q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet jan\u00eb aktivizuar.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/oh\/mw\/xl\/ohmwxl5jry0dufgfamey0ddxris.jpeg\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/15b658834b7682c6cc3b76882ad9e4ab.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Kjo p\u00ebrfundon konfigurimin e metrokasterit.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"krash-test\">Testi i Crash-it<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Testi i Crash-it n\u00eb rastin ton\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb mjaft i thjesht\u00eb dhe i shpejt\u00eb, pasi funksionaliteti i replikimit (kalimi, konsistenca, etj.) \u00ebsht\u00eb trajtuar n\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/aerodisk\/blog\/456348\/\">artikullin e kaluar<\/a><\/noindex>Prandaj, p\u00ebr t\u00eb provuar besueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e metroklaustrit, mjafton t\u00eb kontrollojm\u00eb automatizimin e zbulimit t\u00eb aksidenteve, kalimin dhe munges\u00ebn e humbjeve gjat\u00eb regjistrimit (ndalimin e hyrjes\/checkout-it). <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, ne emulojm\u00eb d\u00ebshtimin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb nga SHKD, duke fikur fizikisht t\u00eb dy kontroler\u00ebt e saj, dhe duke filluar paraprakisht kopjimin e nj\u00eb skedari t\u00eb madh n\u00eb LUN, i cili do t\u00eb aktivizohej n\u00eb SHKD-n\u00eb tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/b1b108313472a03983bc1b8690c70369.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7dojm\u00eb nj\u00eb SHKD. N\u00eb SHKD-n\u00eb e dyt\u00eb shohim alarma dhe mesazhe n\u00eb log-et q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb se ka humbur lidhja me sistemin fqinj. N\u00ebse jan\u00eb vendosur njoftime p\u00ebrmes SMTP ose monitorimi SNMP, at\u00ebher\u00eb admini do t\u00eb marr\u00eb njoftimet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/ae\/jo\/xv\/aejoxv6piwk4fvl-nc1leklbxce.jpeg\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/9af3728eec93cc2e17048ec596748cb1.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Sakt\u00ebsisht pas 10 sekondash (e dukshme n\u00eb t\u00eb dyja skenar\u00ebt) lidhja replikatore METRO (ajo q\u00eb ishte Primare n\u00eb SHKD-n\u00eb e r\u00ebn\u00eb) automatikisht u b\u00eb Primare n\u00eb SHKD-n\u00eb e funksionimit. Duke aktivizuar mapimin ekzistues, LUN TEST mbeti i aksesuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr hostin, regjistrimi pak u dob\u00ebsua (n\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e 10 p\u00ebrqindve t\u00eb premtuara), por nuk u nd\u00ebrpre. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/v_\/gj\/d9\/v_gjd9sgoi5hwrgjdkwxwtdomeu.jpeg\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/e0131eb534ed10f1ac64a19d42d0b53f.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AERODISK Engine: Katastrof\u00ebrezistenca. Pjesa 2. Metroklauster\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/644da1a8b2de75637b58094f549d4de0.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Testi p\u00ebrfundoi me sukses.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"podvodim-itog\">P\u00ebrmbledhje<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Implementimi aktual i metroklaustrit n\u00eb sistemet e ruajtjes AERODISK Engine serin\u00eb N e lejon plot\u00ebsisht zgjidhjen e detyrave ku k\u00ebrkohet t\u00eb ekskludohen ose minimizohen koha e pezullimit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve IT dhe t\u00eb sigurohet funksionimi i tyre n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb 24\/7\/365 me minimum t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Natyrisht, mund t\u00eb thuhet se gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb teori, kushte laboratorike ideale dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb... POR ne kemi nj\u00eb num\u00ebr projektesh t\u00eb implementuara, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat kemi realizuar funksionalitetin p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb ndaj katastrof\u00ebs, dhe sistemet funksionojn\u00eb shk\u00eblqyesh\u00ebm. Nj\u00eb nga klient\u00ebt tan\u00eb mjaft t\u00eb njohur, ku p\u00ebrdoren pik\u00ebrisht dy SHKD n\u00eb nj\u00eb konfigurim q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrie ndaj katastrofave, ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb tashm\u00eb p\u00eblqimin p\u00ebr publikimin e informacionit rreth projektit, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr implementimin n\u00eb terren.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Faleminderit, presim nj\u00eb diskutim produktiv.<\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/aerodisk\/blog\/460305\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0425\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430! \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0444\u043e\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f AERODISK ENGINE \u2013 \u043e \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u2013 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0444 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0426\u041e\u0414-\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0426\u041e\u0414-\u0430\u043c \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 active-active. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c, \u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c. \u041a\u0430\u043a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":27126,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - 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