{"id":36271,"date":"2019-10-31T22:10:36","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:10:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/uyazvimost-v-proshivkah-bmc-kontrollerov-zatragivayushhaya-servery-mnogih-proizvoditelej\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:10:36","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:10:36","slug":"uyazvimost-v-proshivkah-bmc-kontrollerov-zatragivayushhaya-servery-mnogih-proizvoditelej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/uyazvimost-v-proshivkah-bmc-kontrollerov-zatragivayushhaya-servery-mnogih-proizvoditelej","title":{"rendered":"Vulnerabilitet n\u00eb firmware t\u00eb kontroler\u00ebve BMC, q\u00eb godet server\u00ebt e shum\u00eb prodhuesve","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Kompania Eclypsium identifikoi<\/a><\/noindex> dy dob\u00ebsi n\u00eb firmware-n e kontrollorit BMC, i cili ofrohet n\u00eb server\u00ebt Lenovo ThinkServer, q\u00eb i lejon nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesi lokal t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb firmware-n ose t\u00eb ekzekutoj\u00eb kod t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb an\u00ebn e \u00e7ipit BMC.<\/p>\n

Hulumtimi i m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm tregoi se k\u00ebto probleme prekin edhe firmware-n e kontrollor\u00ebve BMC q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb platformat e server\u00ebve t\u00eb Gigabyte Enterprise Servers, t\u00eb cilat gjithashtu p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb server\u00ebt e kompanive si Acer, AMAX, Bigtera, Ciara, Penguin Computing dhe sysGen. N\u00eb kontrollor\u00ebt BMC problemas, jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur firmware-t e cenueshme MergePoint EMS, t\u00eb zhvilluara nga nj\u00eb ofrues i pal\u00ebs s\u00eb tret\u00eb, Avocent (tani nj\u00eb n\u00ebndepartament i kompanis\u00eb Vertiv). <\/p>\n

Dob\u00ebsia e par\u00eb shkaktohet nga mungesa e verifikimit kriptografik t\u00eb rishtareve t\u00eb firmware-s\u00eb (p\u00ebrdoret vet\u00ebm kontrolli i checksum CRC32, n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me k\u00ebshilla<\/a><\/noindex> NIST p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur n\u00ebnshkrime digjitale), duke lejuar k\u00ebshtu nj\u00eb sulmues me qasje lokale n\u00eb sistem, t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb firmware-n BMC. Problemi, p\u00ebr shembull, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr integimin e thell\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb rootkit-i q\u00eb mbetet aktiv pas rinovimit t\u00eb sistemit operativ dhe bllokon rinovimet e m\u00ebtejshme t\u00eb firmware-s\u00eb (p\u00ebr t\u00eb eliminuar rootkit-in do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet p\u00ebrdorimi i nj\u00eb programatori p\u00ebr t\u00eb rikoduar SPI flash).<\/p>\n

Dob\u00ebsia e dyt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e pranishme n\u00eb kodin e rishtareve t\u00eb firmware-s\u00eb dhe lejon futjen e komandave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit, t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb ekzekutohen n\u00eb BMC me nivelin m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb privilegjeve. P\u00ebr t\u00eb sulmuar, mjafton t\u00eb ndryshoni vler\u00ebn e parametrit RemoteFirmwareImageFilePath n\u00eb skedarin e konfigurimit bmcfwu.cfg, p\u00ebrmes t\u00eb cilit p\u00ebrcaktohet rruga p\u00ebr imazhin e firmware-s\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet. Gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimit t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm, i cili mund t\u00eb inicirohet me nj\u00eb komand\u00eb n\u00eb IPMI, ky parametr do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunohet nga BMC dhe do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret si pjes\u00eb e thirrjes popen() si nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e vargut p\u00ebr \/bin\/sh. Duke qen\u00eb se vargu p\u00ebr krijimin e komand\u00ebs shell krijohet duke p\u00ebrdorur thirrjen snprintf() pa pastrimin e duhur t\u00eb simboleve speciale, sulmuesit mund t\u00eb futin kodin e tyre p\u00ebr ekzekutim. P\u00ebr t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzuar dob\u00ebsin\u00eb, k\u00ebrkohen t\u00eb drejta q\u00eb lejojn\u00eb d\u00ebrgimin e nj\u00eb komande n\u00eb kontrollorin BMC p\u00ebrmes IPMI (n\u00ebse ka t\u00eb drejtat e administratorit n\u00eb server, mund t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohet komanda IPMI pa autentifikim t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm).<\/p>\n

Kompani Gigabyte dhe Lenovo u njoftuan p\u00ebr problemet q\u00eb n\u00eb korrik 2018 dhe arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb l\u00ebshonin p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime para publikimit t\u00eb detajeve. Kompania Lenovo ka lan\u00e7uar<\/a><\/noindex> l\u00ebshoi p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime t\u00eb firmuer\u00ebve m\u00eb 15 n\u00ebntor 2018 p\u00ebr server\u00ebt ThinkServer RD340, TD340, RD440, RD540 dhe RD640, por zgjidh\u00ebn vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb dob\u00ebsi, e cila lejonte-injeksionin e komandave, pasi gjat\u00eb krijimit t\u00eb linj\u00ebs s\u00eb server\u00ebve mbi baz\u00ebn e MergePoint EMS n\u00eb vitin 2014 verifikimi i firmuer\u00ebve nga n\u00ebnshkrimi digjital nuk ishte shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb gjer\u00ebsisht dhe nuk ishte shpallur fillimisht.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 8 maj t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti, kompania Gigabyte l\u00ebshoi p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime t\u00eb firmuer\u00ebve p\u00ebr d\u00ebrrasa n\u00ebnshkrimi me controller ASPEED AST2500, por ashtu si dhe Lenovo zgjidh\u00ebn vet\u00ebm dob\u00ebsin\u00eb lidhur me injeksionin e komandave. D\u00ebrrasat e prekura mbi baz\u00ebn e ASPEED AST2400 mbeten ende pa p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsim. Gigabyte gjithashtu deklaroi<\/a><\/noindex> po kalon n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e firmuer\u00ebve MegaRAC SP-X nga kompania AMI. Po ashtu, firmuer\u00ebt e rinj mbi baz\u00ebn e MegaRAC SP-X do t\u00eb ofrohen p\u00ebr sistemet, q\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb jan\u00eb furnizuar me firmuer\u00ebt MergePoint EMS. Zgjidhja u mor pas njoftimit t\u00eb Vertiv p\u00ebr ndalimin e mb\u00ebshtetjes s\u00eb platform\u00ebs MergePoint EMS. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e firmuer\u00ebve n\u00eb server\u00ebt e prodhuar nga kompanit\u00eb Acer, AMAX, Bigtera, Ciara, Penguin Computing dhe sysGen mbi baz\u00ebn e pllakave Gigabyte dhe t\u00eb pajisur me firmuer\u00ebt e prekur MergePoint EMS, ende nuk ka asnj\u00eb njoftim.<\/p>\n

Kujtojm\u00eb se BMC p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb kontrollues t\u00eb specializuar t\u00eb instaluar n\u00eb server\u00eb, i cili ka CPU-n\u00eb, memorjen, ruajtjen dhe nd\u00ebrfaqet p\u00ebr pyetjen e sensor\u00ebve, i cili ofron nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt p\u00ebr monitorimin dhe menaxhimin e pajisjeve server. Me ndihm\u00ebn e BMC-s\u00eb, pavar\u00ebsisht nga sistemi operativ q\u00eb po punon n\u00eb server, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb ndiqet gjendja e sensor\u00ebve, t\u00eb menaxhohet energjia, firmuer\u00ebt dhe disk\u00ebt, t\u00eb organizohet ngarkimi i larg\u00ebt p\u00ebrmes rrjetit, t\u00eb sigurohet funksionimi i konsol\u00ebs s\u00eb aksesit t\u00eb larg\u00ebt etj.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Eclypsium \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445 BMC-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 Lenovo ThinkServer, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u043f\u0430 BMC. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0438 BMC-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0445 Gigabyte Enterprise Servers, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u0430\u043a Acer, AMAX, Bigtera, Ciara, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Dob\u00ebsia n\u00eb firmuer\u00ebt e BMC-kontroller\u00ebve, q\u00eb prek server\u00ebt e shum\u00eb prodhuesve | ProHoster","description":"Kompania Eclypsium identifikoi dy dob\u00ebsi n\u00eb firmuer\u00ebt 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