{"id":36393,"date":"2019-10-31T22:11:24","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:11:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/failover-nas-gubit-perfektsionizm-i-len\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:11:24","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:11:24","slug":"failover-nas-gubit-perfektsionizm-i-len","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/failover-nas-gubit-perfektsionizm-i-len","title":{"rendered":"Failover: perfeksionizmi dhe\u2026 lenia na d\u00ebmton","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Gjat\u00eb ver\u00ebs, tradicionalisht, aktivizmi i blerjeve dhe intensiteti i ndryshimit t\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs s\u00eb projekteve web zvog\u00eblohen, na thot\u00eb Kapiteni i Qart\u00eb. Thjesht sepse edhe specialist\u00ebt e IT-it, ndodhin, shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb pushime. Dhe edhe CTO-t\u00eb. Sa m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb mbeten n\u00eb detyr\u00eb, por tani nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo \u00e7\u00ebshtja: ndoshta pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye vera \u00ebsht\u00eb periudha m\u00eb e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb reflektuar mbi skem\u00ebn ekzistuese t\u00eb rezervimit dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb hartuar nj\u00eb plan p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e saj. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, p\u00ebrvoja e Egor Andreev nga AdminDivision<\/a><\/noindex>, e cila ai e ndau n\u00eb konferenc\u00ebn Uptime day<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/i><\/p>\n

Kur nd\u00ebrtojm\u00eb faqe rezerv\u00eb, ka disa gracka n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb bjer\u00eb. Dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb krejt\u00ebsisht e papranueshme t\u00eb biesh n\u00eb to. Perfeksionizmi dhe... lenia na d\u00ebmtojn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, ashtu si n\u00eb shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra t\u00eb tjera. Ne p\u00ebrpiqemi ta b\u00ebjm\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka t\u00eb p\u00ebrsosur, por nuk duhet ta b\u00ebjm\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka t\u00eb p\u00ebrsosur! Duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb vet\u00ebm disa gj\u00ebra, por t'i b\u00ebjm\u00eb ato mir\u00eb, p\u00ebr t'i \u00e7uar deri n\u00eb fund, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb ato t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb normalisht. <\/p>\n

Failover nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb arg\u00ebtuese p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb; \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb vetme - t\u00eb zvog\u00ebloj\u00eb koh\u00ebn e d\u00ebshtimit, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimi, kompania, t\u00eb humbasin m\u00eb pak para. Dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha metodat e rezervimit, un\u00eb sugjeroj t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb n\u00eb kontekstin e m\u00ebposht\u00ebm: ku jan\u00eb parat\u00eb?<\/p>\n

\"Failover:
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nGracka e par\u00eb<\/b>: kur nd\u00ebrtuojm\u00eb sisteme t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe t\u00eb besueshme dhe merremi me rezervimin - ne zvog\u00eblojm\u00eb numrin e fatkeq\u00ebsive. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb iluzion i friksh\u00ebm. Kur merremi me rezervimin, numri i fatkeq\u00ebsive, p\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq, rritet. Dhe n\u00ebse e b\u00ebjm\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka si\u00e7 duhet, at\u00ebher\u00eb ne, p\u00ebrmbledhtas, do t\u00eb zvog\u00eblojm\u00eb koh\u00ebn e t\u00eb q\u00ebnit mbrapa. Do t\u00eb ket\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb fatkeq\u00ebsi, por ato do t\u00eb ndodhin me m\u00eb pak kosto. Sepse \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rezervimi? - kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb komplikuimi i sistemit. \u00c7do komplikuim \u00ebsht\u00eb i keq: ne kemi m\u00eb shum\u00eb vida, m\u00eb shum\u00eb ingranazhe, thjesht m\u00eb shum\u00eb elemente - dhe, p\u00ebr pasoj\u00eb, m\u00eb shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr d\u00ebshtim. Dhe ato do t\u00eb d\u00ebshtojn\u00eb. Dhe do t\u00eb d\u00ebshtojn\u00eb m\u00eb shpesh. Nj\u00eb shembull i thjesht\u00eb: le t\u00eb themi, kemi nj\u00eb faqe, me PHP, MySQL. Dhe duhet ta rezervojm\u00eb at\u00eb urgjentisht. <\/p>\n

E pra (c) Marrim nj\u00eb sit tjet\u00ebr, ndjejm\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem identik... Kompleksiteti b\u00ebhet dyfish m\u00eb i lart\u00eb - ne kemi dy entitete. Dhe m\u00eb pas shtojm\u00eb nj\u00eb logjik\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar p\u00ebr transferimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga nj\u00eb site n\u00eb tjetrin - pra, replikimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, kopjimi i statik\u00ebs dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb. Tani, logjika e replikimit - \u00ebsht\u00eb zakonisht shum\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlikuar, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb kompleksiteti i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i sistemit mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb jo dy, por 3, 5, 10 her\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb. <\/p>\n

Gracka e dyt\u00eb<\/b>: kur nd\u00ebrtojm\u00eb sisteme v\u00ebrtet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara, ne fantazojm\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb duam t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb si rezultat. H\u00eb, ne duam t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb sistem super t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm, i cili punon pa ndalesa, kalon p\u00ebr nj\u00eb gjysm\u00eb sekonde (apo m\u00eb mir\u00eb akoma, menj\u00ebher\u00eb), dhe fillojm\u00eb t\u00eb realizojm\u00eb \u00ebndrrat tona n\u00eb realitet. Por ka edhe nj\u00eb nuanc\u00eb: sa m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl t\u00eb jet\u00eb koha e d\u00ebshiruar e kalimit, aq m\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlikuar b\u00ebhet logjika e sistemit. Sa m\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuar t\u00eb jet\u00eb logjika, aq m\u00eb shpesh do t\u00eb d\u00ebshtoj\u00eb sistemi. Nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrpiqemi me \u00e7do m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb zvog\u00eblojm\u00eb koh\u00ebn e mbrapshm\u00ebris\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb e komplikohemi gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb, dhe kur di\u00e7ka shkon keq, koha e mbrapshm\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe. K\u00ebtu shpesh e kap veten t\u00eb mendosh: do t\u00eb ishte m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb mos e kisha rezervuar. Do t\u00eb ishte m\u00eb mir\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb funksiononte me nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb ndalese. <\/p>\n

Si mund ta luftojm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb? Duhet t\u00eb ndalojm\u00eb s\u00eb g\u00ebnjyerit veten, t\u00eb ndalojm\u00eb s\u00eb f\u00ebrkuari, se ne k\u00ebtu do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtojm\u00eb nj\u00eb kozmoplan, por t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se sa koh\u00eb mund t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb nj\u00eb projekt. Dhe mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb maksimale, do t\u00eb zgjedhim se cilat metoda do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur besueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e sistemit ton\u00eb. <\/p>\n

\"Failover:
\n
\nKa ardhur koha p\u00ebr \"histori nga jeta\"... nga jeta, natyrisht. <\/p>\n

Shembulli num\u00ebr nj\u00eb<\/h4>\n

\nImagjinoni nj\u00eb faqe vizit\u00eb t\u00eb fabrik\u00ebs s\u00eb tubave num\u00ebr 1 n\u00eb qytetin N. Ajo ka shkruar me shkronja t\u00eb m\u00ebdha - FABRIKA E TUBAVE NUM\u00cbR 1. Pak m\u00eb posht\u00eb - slogan: \"Tubat tan\u00eb jan\u00eb tubat m\u00eb t\u00eb rrumbullak\u00ebt n\u00eb N\". Dhe posht\u00eb numri i telefonit t\u00eb drejtorit t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm dhe emri i tij. E kuptojm\u00eb, se \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme ta rezervojm\u00eb - kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb shum\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme! Fillojm\u00eb t\u00eb studiojm\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebn at\u00eb. Html-statika - pra, disa imazhe, ku drejtori, n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, n\u00eb tryez\u00eb n\u00eb banj\u00eb me partnerin e tij po diskuton p\u00ebr nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje t\u00eb re. Fillojm\u00eb t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn e ndales\u00ebs. N\u00eb mendje na vjen: duhet t\u00eb rrij\u00eb atje pes\u00eb minuta, m\u00eb shum\u00eb jo. Dhe k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb pyetja: sa shitje ka pasur nga kjo faqe e jon\u00eb? Sa- sa? \u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb \"zero\"? Ajo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se t\u00eb gjitha kat\u00ebr marr\u00ebveshjet e vitit t\u00eb kaluar drejtori i ka b\u00ebr\u00eb nga e nj\u00ebjta tryez\u00eb, me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtit njer\u00ebz, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ata shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb banj\u00eb. Dhe kuptojm\u00eb se madje edhe n\u00ebse faqja q\u00ebndron nj\u00eb dit\u00eb - nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb asgj\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuese. <\/p>\n

Duke nga informacionet, kemi nj\u00eb dit\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngritur k\u00ebt\u00eb histori. Fillojm\u00eb t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb p\u00ebr skem\u00ebn e ruajtjes. Dhe zgjedhim skem\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr ruajtjen p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb rast: nuk e p\u00ebrdorim ruajtjen. E gjith\u00eb kjo gj\u00eb ngrihet nga \u00e7do administrator p\u00ebr gjysm\u00eb ore me ndalesa. T\u00eb vendos\u00ebsh nj\u00eb server web, t\u00eb vendos\u00ebsh skedar\u00ebt \u2013 gjith\u00e7ka. Do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb. Nuk ka nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb ndjek\u00ebsh ndonj\u00eb gj\u00eb, asgj\u00eb nuk k\u00ebrkon v\u00ebmendje t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. Pra, p\u00ebrfundimi nga shembulli i par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft evidente: sh\u00ebrbimet q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr ruajtje \u2013 nuk duhet t\u00eb ruhen.<\/p>\n

\"Failover:
\n<\/p>\n

Shembulli i dyt\u00eb<\/h4>\n

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\"Failover:
\n<\/p>\n

Shembulli i tret\u00eb, m\u00eb i komplikuar<\/h4>\n

\nDyqani online. PHP me open heart pak i modifikuar, mysql me nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Ka mjaft statik\u00eb (sepse n\u00eb dyqanin online ka pamje HD t\u00eb bukura dhe gjith\u00e7ka tjet\u00ebr), Redis p\u00ebr sesionin dhe Elasticsearch p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimin. Fillojm\u00eb t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn e papun\u00ebsis\u00eb. Dhe k\u00ebtu, sigurisht, \u00ebsht\u00eb evidente se nj\u00eb dit\u00eb dyqani online nuk mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb offline pa pasojat. Sepse sa m\u00eb gjat\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb offline, aq m\u00eb shum\u00eb para humbasim. Duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtojm\u00eb. Po sa? Mendoj se n\u00ebse q\u00ebndrojm\u00eb offline p\u00ebr nj\u00eb or\u00eb, askush nuk do t\u00eb ndjehet keq. Po, ne do t\u00eb humbasim di\u00e7ka, por do t\u00eb fillojm\u00eb t\u00eb studiojm\u00eb \u2013 do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet edhe m\u00eb keq. K\u00ebshtu, p\u00ebrcaktojm\u00eb skem\u00ebn e papun\u00ebsis\u00eb, e p\u00ebrballueshme p\u00ebr nj\u00eb or\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Si mund t\u00eb ruhet gjith\u00e7ka kjo? Nj\u00eb makin\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme n\u00eb \u00e7do rast: nj\u00eb or\u00eb kohe \u2013 kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft pak. MySQL: k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme replikimi, replikimi aktiv, sepse p\u00ebr nj\u00eb or\u00eb 100 GB n\u00eb dump, me siguri nuk do t\u00eb futet. Statika, imazhet: gjithashtu, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb or\u00eb 500 GB mund t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb futet. Pra, \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb filloni menj\u00ebher\u00eb t\u00eb kopjoni imazhet. Redis: k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb interesante. N\u00eb Redis q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb sesionet \u2013 nuk mund ta hedhim thjesht. Sepse kjo nuk do t\u00eb ishte shum\u00eb mir\u00eb: t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit do t\u00eb ishin t\u00eb \u00e7regjistruar, karrocat do t\u00eb ishin bosh dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb. Njer\u00ebzit do t\u00eb detyroheshin t\u00eb futnin p\u00ebrs\u00ebri emrin dhe fjal\u00ebkalimin e tyre, dhe shum\u00eb mund t\u00eb ikin dhe t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrfundojn\u00eb blerjen. Po ashtu, konverzimi do t\u00eb bjer\u00eb. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, Redis me siguri \u00ebsht\u00eb aktual, me p\u00ebrdoruesit m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb regjistruar, ndoshta as q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm. Nj\u00eb kompromis i mir\u00eb \u2013 t\u00eb marr\u00ebsh Redis dhe ta rikthesh nga backup-i, nga dje, ose, n\u00ebse e keni b\u00ebr\u00eb \u00e7do or\u00eb \u2013 nga nj\u00eb or\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb. Fatmir\u00ebsisht rikthimi i tij nga backup-i \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht kopjimi i nj\u00eb skedari. Dhe historia m\u00eb interesante \u00ebsht\u00eb Elasticsearch. Kush ka ngritur ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb replikimin e MySQL? Kush ka ngritur ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb replikimin e Elasticsearch? Dhe kujt i ka funksionuar pas k\u00ebsaj? Po \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb them: shohim n\u00eb sistemin ton\u00eb nj\u00eb entitet t\u00eb till\u00eb. Ai duket si i dobish\u00ebm \u2013 por \u00ebsht\u00eb kompleks.
\n\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0433-\u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0439. \u041b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442. \u041b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043d\u044e\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e. \u0414\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0435\u043c\u2026 \u0411\u043b\u0438\u043d, elastic \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u044d\u043a\u0430\u043f\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c? \u041f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e elastic \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430. \u0410 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0448 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442-\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043d? \u0418\u0434\u0451\u043c \u043a \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c, \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c, \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442: \u00ab90% \u0438\u0437 \u042f\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441-\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430\u00bb. \u0418 \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d 10% \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u0410 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e elastic’a, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430-\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445, \u2014 \u0442\u0430\u043c, \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u044e\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432. \u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434? \u041c\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c elastic \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044f\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0442\u043e \u043c\u044b \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e. \u0421\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e, \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441-\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u044e\u0442, \u043c\u044b, \u043e\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0436\u0435, \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435.<\/p>\n

\"Failover:
\n<\/p>\n

Shembulli num\u00ebr kat\u00ebr, akoma m\u00eb kompleks<\/h4>\n

\nIntegratori: shitje lulesh, thirrje taksish, shitje mallrash, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, \u00e7far\u00ebdo. Nj\u00eb projekt serioz q\u00eb funksionon 24\/7 p\u00ebr nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh p\u00ebrdoruesish. Me nj\u00eb stack interesante, ku ka baza interesante, zgjidhje, ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, dhe m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, nuk mund t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 5 minuta pa funksionuar. Jo vet\u00ebm sepse njer\u00ebzit nuk do t\u00eb blejn\u00eb, por sepse ata do t\u00eb shohin q\u00eb kjo gj\u00eb nuk funksionon, do t\u00eb shprehin zhg\u00ebnjim dhe mund t\u00eb mos kthehen m\u00eb nj\u00eb her\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00eb. <\/p>\n

Mir\u00eb. Pes\u00eb minuta. \u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me k\u00ebt\u00eb? N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast ne, si t\u00eb rritur, nd\u00ebrtuam nj\u00eb platform\u00eb rezervate t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, me replikimin e gjith\u00e7kaje, dhe ndoshta madje do ta automatizojm\u00eb maksimalisht kalimin n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb platform\u00eb. Dhe p\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, nuk duhet harruar q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme: t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb rregullat e kalimit. Rregulli, edhe sikur t\u00eb keni gjith\u00e7ka t\u00eb automatizuar, mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb shum\u00eb i thjesht\u00eb. Nj\u00eb seri si \"aktivizo skenarin e till\u00eb t\u00eb ansible\", \"n\u00eb route 53 shtyp ndonj\u00eb buton\", dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb \u2014 por duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb list\u00eb e sakt\u00eb e veprimeve. <\/p>\n

Dhe duket se gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb. T\u00eb kalosh replikimin \u2014 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb triviale, ose do t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb vet\u00eb. T\u00eb rishkruash emrin e domain-it n\u00eb dns \u2014 po nga e nj\u00ebjta kategori. Problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb kur nj\u00eb projekt i till\u00eb d\u00ebshton, fillon paniku, dhe madje administratoret m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb gjithashtu mund t\u00eb bien n\u00ebn ndikimin e tij. Pa nj\u00eb udh\u00ebzim t\u00eb qart\u00eb \"hap terminalin, shko k\u00ebtu, adresa e serverit ton\u00eb ende \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo\", \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb ta mbash afatin 5-minut\u00ebsh t\u00eb caktuar p\u00ebr rikuperim. Po ashtu, kur p\u00ebrdorim k\u00ebt\u00eb rregullore, \u00ebsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb regjistrojm\u00eb ndonj\u00eb ndryshim n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull, dhe p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht t\u00eb modifikojm\u00eb rregulloren.
\nE po, n\u00ebse sistemi i rezervimit \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i komplikuar dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment b\u00ebjm\u00eb nj\u00eb gabim, at\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb d\u00ebshtojm\u00eb edhe platform\u00ebn ton\u00eb rezervate dhe p\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj t\u00eb kthejm\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb gjendjeje n\u00eb t\u00eb dyja platformat \u2014 kjo do t\u00eb ishte shum\u00eb e trishtueshme. <\/p>\n

\"Failover:
\n<\/p>\n

Shembulli num\u00ebr pes\u00eb, me dhimbje t\u00eb madhe<\/h4>\n

\nNj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar me qindra milion p\u00ebrdorues n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn. T\u00eb gjitha zonat e koh\u00ebs, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb, ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb maksimum, nuk mund t\u00eb mbesin fare. Nj\u00eb minut\u00eb \u2014 dhe do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e trishtueshme. \u00c7far\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb? T\u00eb rezervojm\u00eb, p\u00ebrs\u00ebri, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb. B\u00ebm\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb tham\u00eb n\u00eb shembullin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm, dhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb. Nj\u00eb bot\u00eb ideale, dhe infrastruktura jon\u00eb \u2014 \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha aspektet nj\u00eb IaaC devops. Do t\u00eb thot\u00eb, gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb git, dhe thjesht shtypni butonin. <\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb na mungon? Nj\u00eb gj\u00eb \u2014 st\u00ebrvitjet. Pa to nuk mundemi. Duket se gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb perfekte, gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebn kontroll. Shtypim butonin dhe gjith\u00e7ka ndodh. Edhe n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu \u2014 dhe ne e dim\u00eb se k\u00ebshtu nuk ndodh gjithmon\u00eb \u2014 sistemi yn\u00eb nd\u00ebrvepron me disa sisteme t\u00eb tjera. P\u00ebr shembull, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb dns nga route 53, magazinat s3, integrimi me disa api. Nuk mund ta parashikojm\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb eksperiment teorik. Dhe deri sa realisht nuk e \u00e7ojm\u00eb ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb lev\u00ebn \u2014 nuk do ta dim\u00eb n\u00ebse do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb apo jo. <\/p>\n

\"Failover:
\n
\nK\u00ebt\u00eb ndoshta duhet ta p\u00ebrfundojm\u00eb. Mos e ngutni dhe mos e teproni. Dhe qoft\u00eb me ju uptime!
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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