{"id":36671,"date":"2019-10-31T22:13:01","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:13:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/sql-zanimatelnye-zadachki\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:13:01","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:13:01","slug":"sql-zanimatelnye-zadachki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/sql-zanimatelnye-zadachki","title":{"rendered":"SQL. Problematika interesante","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetje, Habr!<\/p>\n

Q\u00eb prej m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 3 vjet\u00ebsh, un\u00eb jap m\u00ebsime p\u00ebr SQL n\u00eb qendra trajnimi t\u00eb ndryshme, dhe nj\u00eb nga v\u00ebzhgimet e mia \u00ebsht\u00eb se student\u00ebt e kuptojn\u00eb dhe m\u00ebsojn\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb SQL kur u jepet nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb thjesht t'u shpjegohet mund\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe baza teorike.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull, do t\u00eb ndaj me ju list\u00ebn time t\u00eb detyrave q\u00eb i jap student\u00ebve si detyr\u00eb sht\u00ebpie dhe mbi t\u00eb cilat kryejm\u00eb lloje t\u00eb ndryshme brainstorming-u, t\u00eb cilat \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuptim t\u00eb thell\u00eb dhe t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb SQL.<\/p>\n

\"SQL.
\n
\nSQL (\u02c8\u025bs\u02c8kju\u02c8\u025bl; anglisht. structured query language \u2014 \"gjuha e pyetjeve t\u00eb strukturuara\") \u2014 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb programimi deklarative e p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr krijimin, modifikimin dhe menaxhimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash relacional, t\u00eb menaxhuar nga sistemi p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs i menaxhimit t\u00eb bazave t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash. M\u00eb shum\u00eb... <\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Mund t\u00eb lexoni p\u00ebr SQL nga shum\u00eb burime t\u00eb ndryshme. burime<\/a><\/noindex>.
\nKy artikull nuk ka p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim t'ju m\u00ebsoj\u00eb SQL nga e para.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nPra rregullojm\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim t\u00eb njohur\u00ebn skem\u00ebn HR<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb Oracle me tabelat e saj (M\u00eb shum\u00eb informacion<\/a><\/noindex>):<\/p>\n

\"SQL.
\nDua t\u00eb theksoj se do t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb vet\u00ebm detyra mbi SELECT. Nuk ka detyra mbi DML dhe DDL.<\/p>\n

Detyrat<\/h2>\n

\nKufizimi dhe Renditja e t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave<\/b><\/p>\n

Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn me informacion rreth t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n

SELECT * FROM employees\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Employees. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c ‘David’
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE first_name = 'David';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Employees. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441 job_id \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c ‘IT_PROG’
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE job_id = 'IT_PROG';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve nga departamenti i 50-t\u00eb (department_id) me paga (salary) m\u00eb t\u00eb larta se 4000.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE department_id = 50 AND salary > 4000;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve nga departamenti i 20-t\u00eb dhe ai i 30-t\u00eb (department_id).
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE department_id = 20 OR department_id = 30;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Employees. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 ‘a’
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE first_name LIKE '%a';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve nga departamenti i 50-t\u00eb dhe ai i 80-t\u00eb (department_id) t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb bonus (vlera n\u00eb kolon\u00ebn commission_pct nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e zbraz\u00ebt).
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE     (department_id = 50 OR department_id = 80)\n       AND commission_pct IS NOT NULL;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Employees. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c 2 \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u044b ‘n’
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE first_name LIKE '%n%n%';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve q\u00eb kan\u00eb emrin m\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb se 4 shkronja.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE first_name LIKE '%_____%';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve q\u00eb kan\u00eb pag\u00eb n\u00eb intervalin nga 8000 deri n\u00eb 9000 (ngjitur).
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE salary BETWEEN 8000 AND 9000;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Employees. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b ‘%’
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE first_name LIKE '%%%' ESCAPE '';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ID-menaxher\u00ebve.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT DISTINCT manager_id\n  FROM employees\n WHERE manager_id IS NOT NULL;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e punonj\u00ebsve me pozitat e tyre n\u00eb format: Donald(sh_clerk).
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT first_name || '(' || LOWER (job_id) || ')' employee FROM employees;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nDuke P\u00ebrdorur Funksionet me Nj\u00eb Rresht p\u00ebr t\u00eb Personalizuar Daljen<\/b><\/p>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve q\u00eb kan\u00eb emrin m\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb se 10 shkronja.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE LENGTH (first_name) > 10;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Employees. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430 ‘b’ (\u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430)
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE INSTR (LOWER (first_name), 'b') > 0;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Employees. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c 2 \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u044b ‘a’
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE INSTR (LOWER (first_name),'a',1,2) > 0;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve q\u00eb pagat e tyre jan\u00eb nj\u00ebshum\u00eb me 1000.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE MOD (salary, 1000) = 0;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni numrin e par\u00eb 3-shifror t\u00eb numrit t\u00eb telefonit t\u00eb punonj\u00ebsit n\u00ebse numri i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb formatin XXX.XXX.XXXX.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT phone_number, SUBSTR (phone_number, 1, 3) new_phone_number\n  FROM employees\n WHERE phone_number LIKE '___.___.____';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Departments. Merrni fjal\u00ebn e par\u00eb nga emri i departamentit p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb kan\u00eb emrin m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT department_name,\n       SUBSTR (department_name, 1, INSTR (department_name, ' ')-1)\n           first_word\n  FROM departments\n WHERE INSTR (department_name, ' ') > 0;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni emrat e punonj\u00ebsve pa shkronj\u00ebn e par\u00eb dhe t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb em\u00ebr.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT first_name, SUBSTR (first_name, 2, LENGTH (first_name) - 2) new_name\n  FROM employees;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Employees. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 ‘m’ \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 5\u0442\u0438
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE SUBSTR (first_name, -1) = 'm' AND LENGTH(first_name) > 5;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Dual. Merrni dat\u00ebn e premtes s\u00eb ardhshme.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT NEXT_DAY (SYSDATE, 'FRIDAY') next_friday FROM DUAL;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb kompani p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 17 vjet.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE MONTHS_BETWEEN (SYSDATE, hire_date) \/ 12 > 17;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve q\u00eb numri i fundit t\u00eb telefonit \u00ebsht\u00eb tek dhe p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga 3 numra t\u00eb ndar\u00eb me pik\u00eb.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE     MOD (SUBSTR (phone_number, -1), 2) != 0\n       AND INSTR (phone_number, '.', 1, 3) = 0;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Employees. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 job_id \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430 ‘_’ \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c 3 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 ‘_’ \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e ‘CLERK’
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE     LENGTH (SUBSTR (job_id, INSTR (job_id, '_') + 1)) > 3\n       AND SUBSTR (job_id, INSTR (job_id, '_') + 1) != 'CLERK';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Employees. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432 \u0432 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 PHONE_NUMBER \u0432\u0441\u0435 ‘.’ \u043d\u0430 ‘-‘
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT phone_number, REPLACE (phone_number, '.', '-') new_phone_number\n  FROM employees;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nDuke p\u00ebrdorur funksionet e konvertimit dhe shprehjet kushtore<\/b><\/p>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve q\u00eb filluan pun\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb muajit (cilido qoft\u00eb ai)
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE TO_CHAR (hire_date, 'DD') = '01';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve q\u00eb filluan pun\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2008
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE TO_CHAR (hire_date, 'YYYY') = '2008';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela DUAL. Trego dat\u00ebn e nes\u00ebrme n\u00eb formatin: Nes\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb Dita e Dyt\u00eb e Janarit
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT TO_CHAR (SYSDATE, 'fm\"\"Nes\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb \"\"Ddspth \"\"dita e\"\" Month')     info\n  FROM DUAL;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve dhe dat\u00ebn e fillimit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs p\u00ebr secilin n\u00eb formatin: 21st e Qershorit, 2007
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT first_name, TO_CHAR (hire_date, 'fmddth \"\"e\"\" Month, YYYY') hire_date\n  FROM employees;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e punonj\u00ebsve me rritje pagash prej 20%. Shfaqni pag\u00ebn me shenj\u00ebn e dollarit
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT first_name, TO_CHAR (salary + salary * 0.20, 'fm$999,999.00') new_salary\n  FROM employees;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve q\u00eb filluan pun\u00eb n\u00eb shkurt 2007.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE hire_date BETWEEN TO_DATE ('01.02.2007', 'DD.MM.YYYY')\n                     AND LAST_DAY (TO_DATE ('01.02.2007', 'DD.MM.YYYY'));\n\nSELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE to_char(hire_date,'MM.YYYY') = '02.2007'; \n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela DUAL. Shfaq dat\u00ebn aktuale, + sekonda, + minuta, + or\u00eb, + dit\u00eb, + muaj, + vit
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT SYSDATE                          now,\n       SYSDATE + 1 \/(24 * 60 * 60)     plus_second,\n       SYSDATE + 1 \/(24 * 60)          plus_minute,\n       SYSDATE + 1 \/24                 plus_hour,\n       SYSDATE + 1                      plus_day,\n       ADD_MONTHS (SYSDATE, 1)          plus_month,\n       ADD_MONTHS (SYSDATE, 12)         plus_year\n  FROM DUAL;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve me pagat totale (salary + commission_pct(%)) n\u00eb formatin: $24,000.00
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT first_name, salary, TO_CHAR (salary + salary * NVL (commission_pct, 0), 'fm$99,999.00') full_salary\n  FROM employees;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve dhe informacionin p\u00ebr bonuset e pagave (Po\/Jo)
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT first_name, commission_pct, NVL2 (commission_pct, 'Po', 'Jo') has_bonus\n  FROM employees;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni nivelin e pag\u00ebs p\u00ebr \u00e7do punonj\u00ebs: M\u00eb pak se 5000 konsiderohet Nivel i Ul\u00ebt, M\u00eb shum\u00eb se 5000 e m\u00eb pak se 10000 konsiderohet Nivel Normal, M\u00eb shum\u00eb se 10000 konsiderohet Nivel i Lart\u00eb
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT first_name,\n       salary,\n       CASE\n           WHEN salary = 5000 AND salary < 10000 THEN 'Normal'\n           ELSE 'I Lart\u00eb'\n       END salary_level\n  FROM employees;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Countries. P\u00ebr \u00e7do vend, tregoni rajonin ku ndodhet: 1-Evrop\u00eb, 2-Amerik\u00eb, 3-Azi, 4-Afrika (pa Join)
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT country_name country,\n       DECODE (region_id,\n               1, 'Evrop\u00eb',\n               2, 'Amerik\u00eb',\n               3, 'Azia',\n               4, 'Afrika',\n               'T\u00eb Panjohura')\n           region\n  FROM countries;\n\nSELECT country_name\n           country,\n       CASE region_id\n           WHEN 1 THEN 'Evrop\u00eb'\n           WHEN 2 THEN 'Amerik\u00eb'\n           WHEN 3 THEN 'Azia'\n           WHEN 4 THEN 'Afrika'\n           ELSE 'T\u00eb Panjohura'\n       END\n           region\n  FROM countries;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nRaportimi i t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb Grumbulluara Duke P\u00ebrdorur Funksionet e Grumbullimit<\/b><\/p>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni nj\u00eb raport p\u00ebr department_id me pag\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, me dat\u00eb t\u00eb hershme dhe t\u00eb von\u00eb t\u00eb fillimit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs dhe me numrin e punonj\u00ebsve. Renditni sipas numrit t\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve (n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me r\u00ebnie)
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
  SELECT department_id,\n         MIN (salary) min_salary,\n         MAX (salary) max_salary,\n         MIN (hire_date) min_hire_date,\n         MAX (hire_date) max_hire_Date,\n         COUNT (*) count\n    FROM employees\nGROUP BY department_id\norder by count(*) desc;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Sa punonj\u00ebs ka q\u00eb emrat e tyre fillojn\u00eb me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn shkronj\u00eb? Renditni sipas numrit. Shfaqni vet\u00ebm ato ku numri \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 1
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT SUBSTR (first_name, 1, 1) first_char, COUNT (*)\n    FROM employees\nGROUP BY SUBSTR (first_name, 1, 1)\n  HAVING COUNT (*) > 1\nORDER BY 2 DESC;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Sa punonj\u00ebs ka q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin departament dhe kan\u00eb pag\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb?
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT department_id, salary, COUNT (*)\n    FROM employees\nGROUP BY department_id, salary\n  HAVING COUNT (*) > 1;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni nj\u00eb raport se sa punonj\u00ebs u pranua n\u00eb pun\u00eb \u00e7do dit\u00eb t\u00eb jav\u00ebs. Renditni sipas numrit
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT TO_CHAR (hire_Date, 'Dit\u00eb') day, COUNT (*)\n    FROM employees\nGROUP BY TO_CHAR (hire_Date, 'Dit\u00eb')\nORDER BY 2 DESC;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni nj\u00eb raport se sa punonj\u00ebs jan\u00eb pranuar n\u00eb pun\u00eb sipas viteve. Renditni sipas numrit
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT TO_CHAR (hire_date, 'YYYY') year, COUNT (*)\n    FROM employees\nGROUP BY TO_CHAR (hire_date, 'YYYY');\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni numrin e departamenteve ku ka punonj\u00ebs
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT COUNT (COUNT (*))     department_count\n    FROM employees\n   WHERE department_id IS NOT NULL\nGROUP BY department_id;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e department_id ku punojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 30 punonj\u00ebs
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
  SELECT department_id\n    FROM employees\nGROUP BY department_id\n  HAVING COUNT (*) > 30;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e department_id dhe pag\u00ebn mesatare t\u00eb rrethuar p\u00ebr punonj\u00ebsit n\u00eb \u00e7do departament. 
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
  SELECT department_id, ROUND (AVG (salary)) avg_salary\n    FROM employees\nGROUP BY department_id;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Countries. Merrni list\u00ebn e region_id q\u00eb ka shum\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shkronjave t\u00eb country_name m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 60
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
  SELECT region_id\n    FROM countries\nGROUP BY region_id\n  HAVING SUM (LENGTH (country_name)) > 60;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e department_id ku punojn\u00eb punonj\u00ebs t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm (>1) job_id
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
  Zgjidhni department_id\n    NGA punonj\u00ebsit\nGruponi sipas department_id\n  P\u00cbRMBUSHNI COUNT (DISTINCT job_id) > 1;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e manager_id q\u00eb kan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 5 n\u00ebnshkrime dhe shum\u00ebn e pagave t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrimeve t\u00eb tyre q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe se 50000
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
  SELECT manager_id\n    FROM employees\nGROUP BY manager_id\n  HAVING COUNT (*) > 5 AND SUM (salary) > 50000;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e manager_id q\u00eb kan\u00eb pag\u00ebn mesatare t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrimeve t\u00eb tyre q\u00eb bie n\u00eb intervalin nga 6000 deri n\u00eb 9000 dhe q\u00eb nuk marrin bonuse (commission_pct bosh)
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
  SELECT manager_id, AVG (salary) avg_salary\n    FROM employees\n   WHERE commission_pct IS NULL\nGROUP BY manager_id\n  HAVING AVG (salary) BETWEEN 6000 AND 9000;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Employees. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 job_id \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e ‘CLERK’
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT MAX (salary) max_salary\n  FROM employees\n WHERE job_id LIKE '%CLERK';\n\nSELECT MAX (salary) max_salary\n  FROM employees\n WHERE SUBSTR (job_id, -5) = 'CLERK';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni pag\u00ebn maksimale mes t\u00eb gjitha pagave mesatare sipas departamenteve
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
  SELECT MAX (AVG (salary))\n    FROM employees\nGROUP BY department_id;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni numrin e punonj\u00ebsve me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin num\u00ebr t\u00eb shkronjave n\u00eb em\u00ebr. Trego vet\u00ebm ata q\u00eb kan\u00eb nj\u00eb gjat\u00ebsi emri mbi 5 dhe numrin e punonj\u00ebsve me at\u00eb em\u00ebr mbi 20. Rendit sipas gjat\u00ebsi emri
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
  SELECT LENGTH (first_name), COUNT (*)\n    FROM employees\nGROUP BY LENGTH (first_name)\n  HAVING LENGTH (first_name) > 5 AND COUNT (*) > 20\nORDER BY LENGTH (first_name);\n\n  SELECT LENGTH (first_name), COUNT (*)\n    FROM employees\n   WHERE LENGTH (first_name) > 5\nGROUP BY LENGTH (first_name)\n  HAVING COUNT (*) > 20\nORDER BY LENGTH (first_name);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nShfaqja e t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave nga T\u00eb Dh\u00ebna t\u00eb Shumta duke P\u00ebrdorur Bashkimet<\/b><\/p>\n
Tabela Employees, Departaments, Locations, Countries, Regions. Merrni list\u00ebn e rajoneve dhe numrin e punonj\u00ebsve n\u00eb \u00e7do rajon
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
  SELECT region_name, COUNT (*)\n    FROM employees e\n         JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id)\n         JOIN locations l ON (d.location_id = l.location_id)\n         JOIN countries c ON (l.country_id = c.country_id)\n         JOIN regions r ON (c.region_id = r.region_id)\nGROUP BY region_name;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees, Departaments, Locations, Countries, Regions. Merrni informacion t\u00eb detajuar p\u00ebr \u00e7do punonj\u00ebs:
\nFirst_name, Last_name, Departament, Job, Street, Country, Region
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT First_name,\n       Last_name,\n       Department_name,\n       Job_id,\n       street_address,\n       Country_name,\n       Region_name\n  FROM employees  e\n       JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id)\n       JOIN locations l ON (d.location_id = l.location_id)\n       JOIN countries c ON (l.country_id = c.country_id)\n       JOIN regions r ON (c.region_id = r.region_id);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Shfaqni t\u00eb gjith\u00eb menaxher\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb n\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrim m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 6 punonj\u00ebs
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
  SELECT man.first_name, COUNT (*)\n    FROM employees emp JOIN employees man ON (emp.manager_id = man.employee_id)\nGROUP BY man.first_name\n  HAVING COUNT (*) > 6;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Shfaqni t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsit q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrime
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT emp.first_name\n  FROM employees  emp\n       LEFT JOIN employees man ON (emp.manager_id = man.employee_id)\n WHERE man.FIRST_NAME IS NULL;\n\nSELECT first_name\n  FROM employees\n WHERE manager_id IS NULL;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees, Job_history. N\u00eb tabel\u00ebn Employee ruhen t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsit. N\u00eb tabel\u00ebn Job_history jan\u00eb punonj\u00ebsit q\u00eb kan\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb kompanin\u00eb. Merrni nj\u00eb raport p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsit dhe statusin e tyre n\u00eb kompani (Punon ose ka l\u00ebn\u00eb kompanin\u00eb me dat\u00ebn e largimit)
\nShembuj:
\nfirst_name | status
\nJennifer | Ka l\u00ebn\u00eb kompanin\u00eb m\u00eb 31 dhjetor 2006
\nClara | Aktualisht punon
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT first_name,\n       NVL2 (\n           end_date,\n           TO_CHAR (end_date, 'fm\"\"Ka l\u00ebn\u00eb kompanin\u00eb m\u00eb\"\" DD \"\"t\u00eb\"\" Muaj, YYYY'),\n           'Aktualisht Punon')\n           status\n  FROM employees e LEFT JOIN job_history j ON (e.employee_id = j.employee_id);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees, Departaments, Locations, Countries, Regions. Merrni list\u00ebn e punonj\u00ebsve q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb (region_name)
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
 SELECT first_name\n  FROM employees\n       JOIN departments USING (department_id)\n       JOIN locations USING (location_id)\n       JOIN countries USING (country_id)\n       JOIN regions USING (region_id)\n WHERE region_name = 'Europe';\n \n SELECT first_name\n  FROM employees  e\n       JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id)\n       JOIN locations l ON (d.location_id = l.location_id)\n       JOIN countries c ON (l.country_id = c.country_id)\n       JOIN regions r ON (c.region_id = r.region_id)\n WHERE region_name = 'Europe';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees, Departaments. Shfaqni t\u00eb gjith\u00eb departamentet ku punojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 30 punonj\u00ebs
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT department_name, COUNT (*)\n    FROM employees e JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id)\nGROUP BY department_name\n  HAVING COUNT (*) > 30;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees, Departaments. Shfaqni t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsit q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb angazhuar n\u00eb asnj\u00eb departament
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT first_name\n  FROM employees  e\n       LEFT JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id)\n WHERE d.department_name IS NULL;\n\nSELECT first_name\n  FROM employees\n WHERE department_id IS NULL;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees, Departaments. Shfaqni t\u00eb gjith\u00eb departamentet n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat nuk ka asnj\u00eb punonj\u00ebs
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT department_name\n  FROM employees  e\n       RIGHT JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id)\n WHERE first_name IS NULL;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Shfaqni t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsit q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb ask\u00ebnd n\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrim
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT man.first_name\n  FROM employees  emp\n       RIGHT JOIN employees man ON (emp.manager_id = man.employee_id)\n WHERE emp.FIRST_NAME IS NULL;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees, Jobs, Departaments. Shfaqni punonj\u00ebsit n\u00eb format: First_name, Job_title, Department_name.
\nShembuj:
\nFirst_name | Job_title | Department_name
\nDonald | Shipping | Clerk Shipping
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT first_name, job_title, department_name\n  FROM employees  e\n       JOIN jobs j ON (e.job_id = j.job_id)\n       JOIN departments d ON (d.department_id = e.department_id);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e punonj\u00ebsve, menaxher\u00ebt e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve filluan pun\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2005, por ata vet\u00eb filluan pun\u00eb para vitit 2005
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT emp.*\n  FROM employees emp JOIN employees man ON (emp.manager_id = man.employee_id)\n WHERE     TO_CHAR (man.hire_date, 'YYYY') = '2005'\n       AND emp.hire_date < TO_DATE ('01012005', 'DDMMYYYY');\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e punonj\u00ebsve, menaxher\u00ebt e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve filluan pun\u00eb n\u00eb muajin janar t\u00eb \u00e7do viti dhe gjat\u00ebsia e job_title t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre punonj\u00ebsve \u00ebsht\u00eb mbi 15 karaktere
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT emp.*\n  FROM employees emp\n       JOIN employees man ON (emp.manager_id = man.employee_id)\n       JOIN jobs j ON (emp.job_id = j.job_id)\n WHERE TO_CHAR (man.hire_date, 'MM') = '01' AND LENGTH (j.job_title) > 15;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nP\u00ebrdorimi i N\u00ebnk\u00ebrkesave p\u00ebr t\u00eb Zgjidhur K\u00ebrkesat<\/b><\/p>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e punonj\u00ebsve me emrin m\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE LENGTH (first_name) =\n       (SELECT MAX (LENGTH (first_name)) FROM employees);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e punonj\u00ebsve me paga m\u00eb t\u00eb larta se pag\u00ebn mesatare t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE salary > (SELECT AVG (salary) FROM employees);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees, Departments, Locations. Merrni qytetin ku punonj\u00ebsit fitojn\u00eb m\u00eb pak n\u00eb total.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT city\n    FROM employees e\n         JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id)\n         JOIN locations l ON (d.location_id = l.location_id)\nGROUP BY city\n  HAVING SUM (salary) =\n         (  SELECT MIN (SUM (salary))\n              FROM employees e\n                   JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id)\n                   JOIN locations l ON (d.location_id = l.location_id)\n          GROUP BY city);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e punonj\u00ebsve q\u00eb menaxher\u00ebt e tyre fitojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 15000.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE manager_id IN (SELECT employee_id\n                        FROM employees\n                       WHERE salary > 15000)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees, Departaments. Shfaqni t\u00eb gjith\u00eb departamentet n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat nuk ka asnj\u00eb punonj\u00ebs
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM departments\n WHERE department_id NOT IN (SELECT department_id\n                               FROM employees\n                              WHERE department_id IS NOT NULL);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Shfaqni t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsit q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb menaxher\u00eb.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE employee_id NOT IN (SELECT manager_id\n                             FROM employees\n                            WHERE manager_id IS NOT NULL)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Shfaqni t\u00eb gjith\u00eb menaxher\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb n\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrim m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 6 punonj\u00ebs
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees e\n WHERE (SELECT COUNT (*)\n          FROM employees\n         WHERE manager_id = e.employee_id) > 6;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees, Departments. Shfaqni punonj\u00ebsit q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb departamentin IT.
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE department_id = (SELECT department_id\n                          FROM departments\n                         WHERE department_name = 'IT');\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees, Jobs, Departaments. Shfaqni punonj\u00ebsit n\u00eb format: First_name, Job_title, Department_name.
\nShembuj:
\nFirst_name | Job_title | Department_name
\nDonald | Shipping | Clerk Shipping
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT first_name,\n       (SELECT job_title\n          FROM jobs\n         WHERE job_id = e.job_id)\n           job_title,\n       (SELECT department_name\n          FROM departments\n         WHERE department_id = e.department_id)\n           department_name\n  FROM employees e;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e punonj\u00ebsve, menaxher\u00ebt e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve filluan pun\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2005, por ata vet\u00eb filluan pun\u00eb para vitit 2005
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees\n WHERE     manager_id IN (SELECT employee_id\n                            FROM employees\n                           WHERE TO_CHAR (hire_date, 'YYYY') = '2005')\n       AND hire_date < TO_DATE ('01012005', 'DDMMYYYY');\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Tabela Employees. Merrni list\u00ebn e punonj\u00ebsve, menaxher\u00ebt e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve filluan pun\u00eb n\u00eb muajin janar t\u00eb \u00e7do viti dhe gjat\u00ebsia e job_title t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre punonj\u00ebsve \u00ebsht\u00eb mbi 15 karaktere
\nZgjidhja<\/b><\/p>\n
SELECT *\n  FROM employees e\n WHERE     manager_id IN (SELECT employee_id\n                            FROM employees\n                           WHERE TO_CHAR (hire_date, 'MM') = '01')\n       AND (SELECT LENGTH (job_title)\n              FROM jobs\n             WHERE job_id = e.job_id) > 15;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nKaq p\u00ebr tani.<\/b><\/p>\n
Shpresoj q\u00eb detyrat ishin interesante dhe arg\u00ebtuese. 
\nDo t\u00eb jem i lumtur t'i shtoj m\u00eb shum\u00eb detyra n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb list\u00eb kur t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur.
\nJam gjithashtu i hapur p\u00ebr \u00e7do v\u00ebrejtje dhe propozime.<\/p>\n
P.S.: N\u00ebse dikujt i vjen ndonj\u00eb ide p\u00ebr nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb interesante n\u00eb SELECT, shkruani n\u00eb komentet, do ta shtoj n\u00eb list\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Faleminderit.
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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