{"id":36722,"date":"2019-10-31T22:13:23","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:13:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/raznitsa-mezhdu-bin-sbin-usr-bin-usr-sbin\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:13:23","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:13:23","slug":"raznitsa-mezhdu-bin-sbin-usr-bin-usr-sbin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/raznitsa-mezhdu-bin-sbin-usr-bin-usr-sbin","title":{"rendered":"Diferenca midis bin, sbin, usr\/bin, usr\/sbin","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u00eb 30 N\u00ebntor 2010, David Collier shkruante:<\/i><\/p>\n

Vura re se n\u00eb busybox lidhjet jan\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebto kat\u00ebr drejtime.
\nA ka ndonj\u00eb rregull t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar se n\u00eb cil\u00ebn direktori duhet t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb secila nga lidhjet\u2026
\nP\u00ebr shembull, kill ndodhet n\u00eb \/bin, nd\u00ebrsa killall ndodhet n\u00eb \/usr\/bin\u2026 Nuk shoh asnj\u00eb logjik\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb ndarjen.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nSigurisht se e dini q\u00eb Ken Thompson dhe Dennis Ritchie krijuan Unix n\u00eb PDP-7 n\u00eb vitin 1969. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb, rreth vitit 1971 ata e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuan n\u00eb PDP-11 me disa disqe RK05 (nga 1.5 megabajt secili).<\/p>\n

Kur sistemi operativ u zgjerua dhe nuk kishte m\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb n\u00eb diskun e par\u00eb (ku ndodhej sistemi baz\u00eb i skedar\u00ebve), ata e transferuan nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb diskun e dyt\u00eb, ku ndodheshin drejtorit\u00eb sht\u00ebpiake (prandaj pika e montimit u quajt \/usr \u2014 nga fjala p\u00ebrdorues). Ata kopjuan atje t\u00eb gjitha drejtorit\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb sistemit operativ (\/bin, \/sbin, \/lib, \/tmp ...) dhe i vendos\u00ebn skedar\u00ebt n\u00eb diskun e ri, sepse n\u00eb t\u00eb vjetrin kishte p\u00ebrfunduar hap\u00ebsira. M\u00eb pas ata mor\u00ebn nj\u00eb disk t\u00eb tret\u00eb, e montuan at\u00eb n\u00eb drejtorin\u00eb \/home dhe transferuan atje drejtorit\u00eb sht\u00ebpiake t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb sistemi operativ t\u00eb mund t\u00eb zinte gjith\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e mbetur n\u00eb dy disk\u00ebt, dhe ajo ishte tre megabajt\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb<\/b> (wow!).<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Natyrisht, atyre iu desh t\u00eb vendosin nj\u00eb rregull q\u00eb \"kur sistemi operativ ngarkohet, ai duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb montoj\u00eb disqin e dyt\u00eb n\u00eb direktorin\u00eb \/usr, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb nuk duhet t\u00eb vendosni programe si mount n\u00eb disqin e dyt\u00eb n\u00eb \/usr, ose do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundojm\u00eb me problemin e pul\u00ebs dhe vez\u00ebs\". K\u00ebshtu, kishte funksionuar. Dhe kjo i p\u00ebrkiste Unix V6 35 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ndarja e \/bin dhe \/usr\/bin (dhe t\u00eb gjitha drejtorit\u00eb e ngjashme) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pasoj\u00eb e k\u00ebtyre ngjarjeve, nj\u00eb detaj i realizimit nga vitet 70, q\u00eb vijon t\u00eb shkop\u00ebzohet p\u00ebr dekada me radh\u00eb nga burokrat\u00ebt. Ata kurr\u00eb nuk e b\u00ebn\u00eb pyetje pse<\/i>, ata thjesht vepruan n\u00ebn at\u00eb parim. Kjo ndarje kishte humbur kuptimin edhe para se Linux t\u00eb ishte krijuar, p\u00ebr disa arsye:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Gjat\u00eb ngarkimit p\u00ebrdoret initrd ose initramfs, q\u00eb merr p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr problemet si \"k\u00ebt\u00eb skedar e kemi nevoj\u00eb m\u00eb her\u00ebt se at\u00eb\". K\u00ebshtu, kemi ve\u00e7se ekziston<\/i> nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr ngarkimin e gjith\u00e7kaje tjet\u00ebr. <\/li>\n
  2. Bibliotekat e ndara (t\u00eb cilat u shtuan n\u00eb Unix nga djemt\u00eb nga Berkley) nuk ju lejojn\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshoni p\u00ebrmbajtjen e \\\/lib dhe \\\/usr\\\/lib n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur. K\u00ebto dy pjes\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrputhen me nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn, p\u00ebrndryshe ato nuk do t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb. Kjo nuk ndodhi n\u00eb vitin 1974, pasi at\u00ebher\u00eb ata kishin nj\u00eb far\u00eb pavar\u00ebsie p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb lidhjes statike. <\/li>\n
  3. Disk\u00ebt e lir\u00eb rreket p\u00ebr t\u00eb kaluar barrier\u00ebn prej 100 megabajt\u00ebsh diku n\u00eb vitin 1990 dhe rreth t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebs koh\u00eb dol\u00ebn programet p\u00ebr ndryshimin e madh\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ndarjeve (partition magic 3.0 doli n\u00eb vitin 1997). <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nSigurisht, pasi ndarja ekziston, disa njer\u00ebz shpik\u00ebn rregulla q\u00eb e justifikojn\u00eb at\u00eb. P\u00ebr shembull, ndarja baz\u00eb nevojitet p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha gj\u00ebrat e zakonshme t\u00eb sistemit operativ, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb \/usr duhet t\u00eb vendosen skedar\u00ebt tuaj lokal\u00eb. Ose n\u00eb \/ vendosen ato q\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahet nga AT&T, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb \/usr \u2014 ato q\u00eb distribucioni juaj, IBM AIX, ose Dec Ultrix, ose SGI Irix i ka shtuar, dhe n\u00eb \/usr\/local ndodhen skedar\u00ebt specifik\u00eb p\u00ebr sistemin tuaj. Pastaj dikush vendosi se \/usr\/local nuk ishte nj\u00eb vend i duhur p\u00ebr t\u00eb instaluar softuer t\u00eb ri, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb le t\u00eb shtojm\u00eb edhe \/opt! Nuk do t\u00eb m\u00eb \u00e7udiste n\u00ebse do t\u00eb shfaqej edhe \/opt\/local...<\/p>\n

    Sigurisht, gjat\u00eb 30 viteve p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj ndarjeje jan\u00eb shfaqur dhe zhdukur disa rregulla interesante specifike p\u00ebr distribuime t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta. P\u00ebr shembull, \"\\\/tmp pastrohet gjat\u00eb rinisjes, nd\u00ebrsa \\\/usr\\\/tmp \u2014 jo\". (Dhe n\u00eb Ubuntu, \\\/usr\\\/tmp nuk ekziston n\u00eb parim, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb Gentoo, \\\/usr\\\/tmp \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje simbolike n\u00eb \\\/var\\\/tmp, mbi t\u00eb cilin tani zbatohet ky rregull dhe nuk pastrohet gjat\u00eb rinisjes. Po, kjo ndodhi dhe para tmpfs. Gjithashtu ndodh q\u00eb sistemi i skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb i aksesuesh\u00ebm vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr lexim, dhe at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb shkruani asgj\u00eb n\u00eb \\\/usr, por duhet t\u00eb shkruani n\u00eb \\\/var. Ose n\u00eb \\\/ n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi<\/i> nuk lejohet t\u00eb shkruhet, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 atyre q\u00eb ndodhen n\u00eb \/etc, t\u00eb cilat ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u00eb transferoheshin n\u00eb \/var...)<\/p>\n

    Burokrat\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb si Fondacioni Linux (i cili p\u00ebrthithi Grupin e Standardeve t\u00eb Lira gjat\u00eb zgjerimit vite m\u00eb par\u00eb) me k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi dokumentojn\u00eb dhe komplikojn\u00eb k\u00ebto rregulla, madje pa u p\u00ebrpjekur t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb se pse ato shfaqen. Ata nuk e kuptojn\u00eb se Ken dhe Dennis thjesht e transferuan nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb OS-s\u00eb n\u00eb direktoren e tyre personale, p\u00ebr shkak se disku RK05 n\u00eb PDP-11 ishte shum\u00eb i vog\u00ebl.<\/p>\n

    Jam jam rrall\u00eb do t\u00eb ndodhte q\u00eb busybox thjesht vendos skedar\u00ebt ashtu si\u00e7 ka ndodhur historikisht. Nuk ka asnj\u00eb arsye reale p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb ende. Personalish, un\u00eb thjesht i b\u00ebj \/bin, \/sbin dhe \/lib lidhje me drejtorit\u00eb p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse n\u00eb \/usr. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb punojn\u00eb me softuer t\u00eb integruar p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb dhe t\u00eb thjeshtojn\u00eb\u2026
    \n
    Burimi:     habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    30 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0414\u044d\u0432\u0438\u0434 \u041a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0435\u0440 (David Collier) \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b: \u042f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 busybox \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0451\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043c. \u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u2026 \u041a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443, kill \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \/bin, \u0430 killall \u2014 \u0432 \/usr\/bin\u2026 \u042f \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0436\u0443 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u0412\u044b, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36722","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Dallimi mes bin, sbin, usr\/bin, usr\/sbin | ProHoster","description":"M\u00eb 30 n\u00ebntor 2010, David Collier shkroi: Kam v\u00ebn\u00eb re se n\u00eb busybox lidhjet jan\u00eb t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara n\u00eb k\u00ebto kat\u00ebr drejtorit\u00eb. A ka ndonj\u00eb rregull t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar se n\u00eb cil\u00ebn.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/raznitsa-mezhdu-bin-sbin-usr-bin-usr-sbin","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sq_AL","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 bin, sbin, usr\/bin, usr\/sbin | ProHoster","og:description":"30 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0414\u044d\u0432\u0438\u0434 \u041a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0435\u0440 (David Collier) \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b: \u042f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 busybox \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0451\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043c. \u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/raznitsa-mezhdu-bin-sbin-usr-bin-usr-sbin","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T19:13:23+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T19:13:23+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"36722","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-22 04:34:22","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 01:40:22","updated":"2026-01-22 04:34:22","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36722","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36722"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36722\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36722"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36722"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}