{"id":36984,"date":"2019-10-31T22:15:09","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:15:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/koe-chto-ob-inode\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:15:09","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:15:09","slug":"koe-chto-ob-inode","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/koe-chto-ob-inode","title":{"rendered":"Disa gj\u00ebra rreth inode","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>P\u00ebr periudha t\u00eb caktuara, n\u00eb q\u00ebllim t\u00eb kalimit n\u00eb CRS, kam intervista n\u00eb kompani t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, kryesisht n\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Petersburg dhe Mosk\u00eb p\u00ebr pozita DevOps. Vura re se n\u00eb shum\u00eb kompani (n\u00eb shum\u00eb kompani t\u00eb mira, p\u00ebr shembull n\u00eb Yandex) b\u00ebjn\u00eb dy pyetje t\u00eb ngjashme:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb inode;<\/li>\n<li> p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb arsye mund t\u00eb merrni nj\u00eb gabim gjat\u00eb shkrimit n\u00eb disk (apo p\u00ebr shembull: pse mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundoj\u00eb hap\u00ebsira n\u00eb disk, thelbi \u00ebsht\u00eb i nj\u00ebjt\u00eb).\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSi\u00e7 ndodh shpesh, isha i sigurt se e dija mir\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb tem\u00eb, por sapo fillova t\u00eb shpjegoj \u2014 u shfaq\u00ebn boshll\u00ebqe n\u00eb njohuri. P\u00ebr t\u00eb sistematizuar njohurit\u00eb e mia, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbushur boshll\u00ebqet dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos u posht\u00ebruar m\u00eb, po shkruaj k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull, ndoshta do t'i sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb edhe dikujt tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n<p>Do t\u00eb filloj \"nga fundi\", pra nga disku i fort\u00eb (flasht, SSD dhe gj\u00ebra moderne i anashkalojm\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull do t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb nj\u00eb disk t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr 20 ose 80 gigabajt, pasi atje madh\u00ebsia e bllokut \u00ebsht\u00eb 512 byte).<\/p>\n<p>Disku i fort\u00eb nuk di t\u00eb adresoj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e tij sipas bajt\u00ebve, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb konvencionale ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb e ndar\u00eb n\u00eb blloqe. Num\u00ebrimi i blloqeve fillon nga 0. (kjo quhet LBA, detajet k\u00ebtu: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LBA\">ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LBA<\/a><\/noindex>)<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Disa gj\u00ebra rreth inode\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/47036dc7ec2ed8c868fa1bcf044ba9ea.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nSi\u00e7 duket nga figura, blloqet LBA i kam quajtur si nivel HDD. Me sa duket, mund t\u00eb shihni se \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb madh\u00ebsia e bllokut n\u00eb disku tuaj n\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb: <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">root@ubuntu:\/home\/serp# blockdev --getpbsz \/dev\/sdb\n512<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nNj\u00eb nivel m\u00eb lart \u00ebsht\u00eb ndar\u00eb nj\u00eb parti, nj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb diskun (p\u00ebrs\u00ebri p\u00ebr thjesht\u00ebsi). M\u00eb shpesh p\u00ebrdoren dy lloje ndarjesh: msdos dhe gpt. Sipas k\u00ebshtu, msdos \u00ebsht\u00eb formati i vjet\u00ebr q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet disqet deri n\u00eb 2Tb, gpt \u00ebsht\u00eb formati i ri q\u00eb mund t\u00eb adresoj\u00eb deri n\u00eb 1 zettabayt t\u00eb blloqeve prej 512 byte. N\u00eb rastin ton\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb parti t\u00eb tipit msdos, si\u00e7 duket nga figura, kjo parti fillon me bllokun \u21161, nd\u00ebrsa blloku zero p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr MBR.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb partis\u00eb e par\u00eb krijova nj\u00eb sistem skedari ext2, me nj\u00eb madh\u00ebsi blloku prej 4096 byte si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb e paracaktuar, e cila gjithashtu pasqyrohet n\u00eb figur\u00eb. Mund ta shikoni madh\u00ebsin\u00eb e bllokut t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">root@ubuntu:\/home\/serp# tune2fs -l \/dev\/sdb1\ntune2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)\nEmri i volumit t\u00eb sistemit:   \nT\u00eb fundit e mbajtur n\u00eb:      \nUUID i sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve: a600bf40-f660-41f6-a3e6-96c303995479\nNumri magjik i sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve:  0xEF53\nRevizioni i sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve #:    1 (dinamik)\nKarakteristikat e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve:      ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype sparse_super large_file\nFlamujt e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve:         signed_directory_hash\nOpsionet e parazgjedhura t\u00eb montimit:    user_xattr acl\nG \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 i sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve:         i past\u00ebr\nSkena e gabimeve:          Vazhdoni\nLloji i sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve OS:       Linux\nNumri i inode-ve:              65536\nNumri i blloqeve:              261888\nNumri i blloqeve t\u00eb reservuar:     13094\nBlloqet e lira:              257445\nInode t\u00eb lira:              65525\nBlloku i par\u00eb:              0\nMadh\u00ebsia e bllokut:               4096\nMadh\u00ebsia e fragmentit:            4096\nBlloqet e rezervuara GDT:      63\nBlloqet p\u00ebr grup:         32768\nFragmentet p\u00ebr grup:      32768\nInode p\u00ebr grup:         8192\nBlloket e inode p\u00ebr grup:   512\nSistemi i skedar\u00ebve krijuar:       Prej t\u00eb premtes 2 Gusht  15:02:13 2019\nKoha e fundit e montimit:          n\/a\nKoha e fundit e shkruar:          Prej s\u00eb premtes 2 Gusht  15:02:14 2019\nNumri i montimeve:              0\nNumri maksimal i montimeve:      -1\nKontrolli i fundit:             Prej s\u00eb premtes 2 Gusht  15:02:13 2019\nIntervali i kontrollit:           0 ()\nUID i bllok\u00ebve t\u00eb rezervuar:      0 (p\u00ebrdoruesi root)\nGID i bllok\u00ebve t\u00eb rezervuar:      0 (grupi root)\nInode i par\u00eb:              11\nMadh\u00ebsia e inode:               256\nMadh\u00ebsia e tepric\u00ebs q\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet:     28\nMadh\u00ebsia e tepric\u00ebs q\u00eb d\u00ebshirohet:      28\nHashi default p\u00ebr dosjet:   half_md4\nB\u0451rja e Hashit t\u00eb Dosjes:      c0155456-ad7d-421f-afd1-c898746ccd76<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nParametri q\u00eb na nevojitet \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00abMadh\u00ebsia e bllokut\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Tani, m\u00eb interesante \u00ebsht\u00eb si t\u00eb lexojm\u00eb skedarin \/home\/serp\/testfile? Skedari p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nj\u00eb ose disa blloqe t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat ruhen t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e tij. Si mund ta gjejm\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb skedarin duke ditur emrin e tij? Cil\u00ebt blloqe duhet t\u00eb lexojm\u00eb?<\/p>\n<p>K\u00ebtu na vijn\u00eb n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb inode. N\u00eb sistemin e skedar\u00ebve ext2fs ekziston nj\u00eb \"tabel\u00eb\" q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban informacionin p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb inode. Numri i inode n\u00eb rastin e ext2fs p\u00ebrcaktohet gjat\u00eb krijimit t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve. Shifrat e nevojshme i shohim n\u00eb parametrin \"Inode count\" t\u00eb daljes tune2fs, pra kemi 65536 nj\u00ebsi. N\u00eb inode p\u00ebrmban informacionin e nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr ne: list\u00ebn e blloqeve t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve p\u00ebr skedarin e k\u00ebrkuar. Si t\u00eb gjejm\u00eb numrin e inode p\u00ebr skedarin e caktuar?<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrputhja mes emrit dhe numrit t\u00eb inode \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb direktorin\u00eb, dhe direktoria n\u00eb ext2fs \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb skedar i tipit t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, pra gjithashtu ka numrin e saj t\u00eb inode. P\u00ebr t\u00eb thyer k\u00ebt\u00eb cik\u00ebl vicioz, p\u00ebr direktorin\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00eb u caktua nj\u00eb num\u00ebr \"fikse\" inode \"2\". Shikoni p\u00ebrmbajtjen e inode me num\u00ebr 2:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">root@ubuntu:\/# debugfs \/dev\/sdb1\ndebugfs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)\ndebugfs:  stat \n\nInode: 2   Type: directory    Mode:  0755   Flags: 0x0\nGeneration: 0    Version: 0x00000000:00000002\nUser:     0   Group:     0   Size: 4096\nFile ACL: 0    Directory ACL: 0\nLinks: 3   Blockcount: 8\nFragment:  Address: 0    Number: 0    Size: 0\n ctime: 0x5d43cb51:16b61bcc -- Fri Aug  2 16:34:09 2019\n atime: 0x5d43c247:b704301c -- Fri Aug  2 15:55:35 2019\n mtime: 0x5d43cb51:16b61bcc -- Fri Aug  2 16:34:09 2019\ncrtime: 0x5d43b5c6:00000000 -- Fri Aug  2 15:02:14 2019\nSize of extra inode fields: 28\nBLOCKS:\n(0):579\nTOTAL: 1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nSi\u00e7 duket, direktoria q\u00eb na nevojitet ndodhet n\u00eb bllokun me num\u00ebr 579. Atje do t\u00eb gjejm\u00eb numrin e nodit p\u00ebr dosjen home, dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb, derisa n\u00eb direktorin\u00eb serp t\u00eb shohim numrin e nodit p\u00ebr skedarin e k\u00ebrkuar. N\u00ebse ndokush d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb kontrolloj\u00eb n\u00ebse numri \u00ebsht\u00eb i sakt\u00eb dhe n\u00ebse ka informacionin e nevojsh\u00ebm, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">root@ubuntu:\/# dd if=\/dev\/sdb1 of=\/home\/serp\/dd_image bs=4096 count=1 skip=579\n1+0 records in\n1+0 records out\n4096 bytes (4,1 kB) copied, 0,000184088 s, 22,3 MB\/s\nroot@ubuntu:\/# hexdump -c \/home\/serp\/dd_image<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nN\u00eb daljen e komand\u00ebs mund t\u00eb lexoni emrat e skedar\u00ebve n\u00eb direktori.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00ebtu po arrij n\u00eb pyetjen kryesore: \"p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb arsye mund t\u00eb ndodhin gabime n\u00eb shkarkim\"?<\/p>\n<p>Natyrisht, kjo ndodh n\u00ebse nuk ka blloqe t\u00eb lira n\u00eb sistemin e skedar\u00ebve. \u00c7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast? P\u00ebrve\u00e7 p\u00ebrgjigjes evidente \"fshij di\u00e7ka t\u00eb panevojshme\", duhet t\u00eb mbani mend se n\u00eb sistemet e skedar\u00ebve ext2,3 dhe 4 ka nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb si \"numri i blloqeve t\u00eb rezervuara\". N\u00eb listimin m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, ne kemi 13094 t\u00eb till\u00eb. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb blloqe t\u00eb disponueshme p\u00ebr shkarkim vet\u00ebm nga p\u00ebrdoruesi root. Por n\u00ebse duhet t\u00eb zgjidhet menj\u00ebher\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja, si nj\u00eb zgjidhje t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme, mund t'i b\u00ebni t\u00eb disponueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb, duke rezultuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb lir\u00eb:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">root@ubuntu:\/mnt# tune2fs -m 0 \/dev\/sdb1\ntune2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)\nCak q\u00eb rezervat e blloqeve \u00ebsht\u00eb e vendosur n\u00eb 0% (0 blloqe)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nKjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se, sipas parazgjedhjes, nuk keni n\u00eb dispozicion p\u00ebr shkres\u00eb 5% t\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs disk, dhe duke marr\u00eb parasysh volumet e disqeve moderne, kjo mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb qindra gigabajt\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb tjet\u00ebr? Nj\u00eb situat\u00eb tjet\u00ebr e mundshme \u00ebsht\u00eb kur ka blloqe t\u00eb lira, por kan\u00eb mbaruar nodet. Kjo ndodh zakonisht kur n\u00eb sistemin tuaj t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve ka shum\u00eb skedar\u00eb me madh\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl se madh\u00ebsia e bllokut t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve. Duke marr\u00eb parasysh se p\u00ebr \u00e7do skedar ose direktori shpenzohet 1 inode dhe gjithsej kemi (p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb sistem skedar\u00ebsh) 65536 \u2014 kjo situat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb se reale. Kjo mund t\u00eb shihet qart\u00eb nga dalja e komand\u00ebs df:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">serp@ubuntu:~$ df -hi\nFilesystem     Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on\nudev             493K   480  492K    1% \\\/dev\ntmpfs            493K   425  493K    1% \\\/run\n\\\/dev\\\/xvda1       512K  240K  273K   47% \\\/\nnone             493K     2  493K    1% \\\/sys\\\/fs\\\/cgroup\nnone             493K     2  493K    1% \\\/run\\\/lock\nnone             493K     1  493K    1% \\\/run\\\/shm\nnone             493K     2  493K    1% \\\/run\\\/user\n\\\/dev\\\/xvdc1       320K  4,1K  316K    2% \\\/var\n\\\/dev\\\/xvdb1        64K   195   64K    1% \\\/home\n\\\/dev\\\/xvdh1       4,0M  3,1M  940K   78% \\\/var\\\/www\nserp@ubuntu:~$ df -h\nFilesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on\nudev            2,0G  4,0K  2,0G   1% \\\/dev\ntmpfs           395M  620K  394M   1% \\\/run\n\\\/dev\\\/xvda1      7,8G  2,9G  4,6G  39% \\\/\nnone            4,0K     0  4,0K   0% \\\/sys\\\/fs\\\/cgroup\nnone            5,0M     0  5,0M   0% \\\/run\\\/lock\nnone            2,0G     0  2,0G   0% \\\/run\\\/shm\nnone            100M     0  100M   0% \\\/run\\\/user\n\\\/dev\\\/xvdc1      4,8G  2,6G  2,0G  57% \\\/var\n\\\/dev\\\/xvdb1      990M  4,0M  919M   1% \\\/home\n\\\/dev\\\/xvdh1       63G   35G   25G  59% \\\/var\\\/www<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nSi e duket qart\u00eb nga seksioni \\\/var\\\/www, numri i bllokave t\u00eb lira t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve dhe numri i node-ve t\u00eb lira jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb rast se u mbaruan inode-t, nuk kam ndonj\u00eb k\u00ebshill\u00eb p\u00ebr magji, sepse nuk ka (n\u00ebse jam gabim, m\u00eb b\u00ebni t\u00eb ditur). Prandaj, p\u00ebr seksionet ku punohet me skedar\u00eb t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl, duhet t\u00eb zgjedhim sakt\u00ebsisht sistemin e skedar\u00ebve. P.sh., n\u00eb btrfs inode-t nuk mund t\u00eb mbarojn\u00eb, sepse krijohen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dinamike kur \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme.<br \/>\n<br \/>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/462849\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0426\u0420\u0421 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c DevOps. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 (\u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u044f\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435) \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 inode; \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":27717,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36984","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0426\u0420\u0421 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c DevOps. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 (\u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u044f\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435) \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 inode; \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/koe-chto-ob-inode\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.0.1\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u041a\u043e\u0435-\u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431 inode | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0426\u0420\u0421 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c DevOps. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 (\u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u044f\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435) \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 inode; \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/koe-chto-ob-inode\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T19:15:09+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T19:15:09+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Disa fakte p\u00ebr inode | ProHoster","description":"Her\u00eb pas here, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kaluar n\u00eb CRS, intervistoj n\u00eb kompani t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, kryesisht n\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Petersburg dhe Mosk\u00eb p\u00ebr pozita DevOps. Kam v\u00ebn\u00eb re se n\u00eb shum\u00eb kompani (n\u00eb shum\u00eb kompani t\u00eb mira, p\u00ebr shembull n\u00eb Yandex) b\u00ebjn\u00eb dy pyetje t\u00eb ngjashme: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb inode; p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb arsye mund t\u00eb merrni nj\u00eb gabim shkrimi n\u00eb disk (ose, p\u00ebr shembull: pse mund t\u00eb mbaroj\u00eb hap\u00ebsira n\u00eb)","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/koe-chto-ob-inode","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sq_AL","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041a\u043e\u0435-\u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431 inode | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0426\u0420\u0421 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c DevOps. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 (\u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u044f\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435) \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 inode; \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/koe-chto-ob-inode","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T19:15:09+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T19:15:09+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"36984","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-22 05:38:19","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 01:35:27","updated":"2026-01-22 05:38:19","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36984","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36984"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36984\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27717"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36984"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36984"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36984"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}