{"id":37009,"date":"2019-10-31T22:15:16","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:15:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/ob-adminah-devopsah-beskonechnoj-putanitse-i-devops-transformatsii-vnutri-kompanii\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:15:16","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:15:16","slug":"ob-adminah-devopsah-beskonechnoj-putanitse-i-devops-transformatsii-vnutri-kompanii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/ob-adminah-devopsah-beskonechnoj-putanitse-i-devops-transformatsii-vnutri-kompanii","title":{"rendered":"P\u00ebr administratoret, DevOps, konfuzin\u00eb e pafund dhe transformimin DevOps brenda kompanis\u00eb","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"P\u00ebr
\n
\n\u00c7far\u00eb nevojitet p\u00ebr suksesin e nj\u00eb kompanie IT n\u00eb vitin 2019? Fol\u00ebsit n\u00eb konferenca dhe takime flasin shum\u00eb me terma t\u00eb zhurmsh\u00ebm dhe jo gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb kuptuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit e zakonsh\u00ebm. Gar\u00ebn p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn e distribuimit, mikrosh\u00ebrbimet, heqjen dor\u00eb nga monoliti, transformimin DevOps dhe shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra t\u00eb tjera. N\u00ebse e heqim k\u00ebt\u00eb bukuri t\u00eb fjal\u00ebve dhe flasim drejtp\u00ebrdrejt, gjith\u00e7ka p\u00ebrfundon n\u00eb nj\u00eb tez\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb: b\u00ebni nj\u00eb produkt cil\u00ebsor, dhe b\u00ebjeni at\u00eb me komoditet p\u00ebr ekipin.<\/p>\n

Kjo e fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb kritike. Biznesi p\u00ebrfundimisht erdhi n\u00eb mendimin se nj\u00eb proces zhvillimi komod rrit produktivitetin, dhe n\u00ebse gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb e rregulluar dhe funksionon si\u00e7 duhet, ai gjithashtu ofron nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb p\u00ebr manovrime n\u00eb situata kritike. Disa koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb, p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb manovrim, nj\u00eb njeri i men\u00e7ur shpiku backup-et, por industria po zhvillohet, dhe ne kemi arritur te inxhinier\u00ebt DevOps \u2014 njer\u00ebz q\u00eb e kthejn\u00eb procesin e bashk\u00ebpunimit mes zhvillimit dhe infrastruktur\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme n\u00eb di\u00e7ka adekuate dhe t\u00eb pa lidhur me magjin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

E gjith\u00eb kjo histori e \"modulit\" \u00ebsht\u00eb e mrekullueshme, por... \u00cbsht\u00eb ndodhur q\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e administrator\u00ebve u quajt\u00ebn papritur DevOps, nd\u00ebrsa nga inxhinier\u00ebt e DevOps u k\u00ebrkua, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn, aft\u00ebsi telepatike dhe parashikimi.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nPara se t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr problemet moderne t\u00eb siguris\u00eb s\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs, le t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojm\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptojm\u00eb me k\u00ebt\u00eb term. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb moment, situata ka arritur nj\u00eb dyfish\u00ebsi t\u00eb k\u00ebtij termi: infrastruktura mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e e jashtme dhe \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e e brendshme. <\/p>\n

Me infrastrukturen e jashtme n\u00ebnkuptojm\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb siguron funksionimin e sh\u00ebrbimit ose produktit, p\u00ebr zhvillimin e t\u00eb cilit merret ekipi. K\u00ebtu p\u00ebrfshihen server\u00ebt e aplikacionit ose t\u00eb faqes, hostim<\/a> dhe sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb funksionimin e produktit. <\/p>\n

Infrastruktura e brendshme p\u00ebrfshin sh\u00ebrbimet dhe pajisjet me t\u00eb cilat punon vet\u00eb ekipi i zhvillimit dhe punonj\u00ebsit e tjer\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt zakonisht nuk jan\u00eb pak. Kjo p\u00ebrfshin server\u00ebt e brendsh\u00ebm t\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb ruajtjes s\u00eb kodit, menaxherin e detyrave t\u00eb vendosur lokal dhe gjith\u00e7ka tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb ekziston brenda intranetit korporativ.<\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb b\u00ebn pra nj\u00eb administrator sistemi n\u00eb kompanin\u00eb? P\u00ebrve\u00e7 administrimin e intranetit korporativ, ai shpesh ka mbi supe barr\u00ebn e pun\u00ebve administrative p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar funksionalitetin e pajisjeve t\u00eb zyr\u00ebs. Admini \u00ebsht\u00eb ai djaloshi q\u00eb p\u00ebrve\u00e7 nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb gj\u00ebrash sjell shpejt nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb ri nga dhoma ndihm\u00ebse ose nj\u00eb laptop rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb gatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr pun\u00eb, jep nj\u00eb tastier\u00eb t\u00eb re dhe sh\u00ebtit n\u00eb kat\u00ebr k\u00ebmb\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb zyre, duke t\u00ebrhequr kabllin Ethernet. Admini \u00ebsht\u00eb pronari lokal dhe zot\u00ebruesi jo vet\u00ebm i t\u00eb brendshm\u00ebve dhe t\u00eb jashtm\u00ebve servera<\/a>, por edhe administrator i pasurive. Po, disa administrat\u00ebs mund t\u00eb punojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb planin sistematik, pa pajisje. Ata meritojn\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb n\u00ebnklas\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb \u00abadministrator\u00ebve sistematik\u00eb t\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs\u00bb. Disa specializohen vet\u00ebm n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin e pajisjeve zyrtare; fatkeq\u00ebsisht, n\u00ebse kompania ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00ebqind punonj\u00ebs, puna asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk mbaron. Por asnj\u00ebri nga ata, as t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt nuk jan\u00eb devops.<\/p>\n

Cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb DevOps? DevOps jan\u00eb ata q\u00eb merren me nd\u00ebrveprimin e zhvillimit t\u00eb softuerit me infrastruktur\u00ebn ekstern. M\u00eb sakt\u00eb, DevOps modern\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb angazhuar n\u00eb proceset e zhvillimit dhe t\u00eb deployimit shum\u00eb m\u00eb thell\u00eb se sa ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb administrator\u00ebt q\u00eb thjesht ngarkonin p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime n\u00eb ftp. Nj\u00eb nga detyrat kryesore t\u00eb inxhinier\u00ebve DevOps sot \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb nj\u00eb proces komod dhe efikas t\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprimit midis ekipeve t\u00eb zhvillimit dhe infrastruktur\u00ebs s\u00eb produktit. K\u00ebta njer\u00ebz jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr vendosjen e sistemeve t\u00eb rikthimit dhe t\u00eb deployimit; ata e marrin nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs nga zhvilluesit dhe p\u00ebrqendrohen maksimalisht n\u00eb detyr\u00ebn e tyre jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Megjithat\u00eb, DevOps nuk do t\u00eb shtrij\u00eb kurr\u00eb nj\u00eb kabllo t\u00eb re ose t\u00eb dhuroj\u00eb nj\u00eb laptop t\u00eb ri nga depo (c) KO <\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb posht\u00eb?<\/h4>\n

\nKur pyetet \"Cili \u00ebsht\u00eb DevOps?\" gjysma e punonj\u00ebsve t\u00eb fush\u00ebs fillojn\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen me di\u00e7ka si \"Eh, \u00ebsht\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak se, nj\u00eb administrator, i cili...\" dhe pastaj vazhdojm\u00eb. Po, dikur, kur profesioni i inxhinierit DevOps sapo po krijohej nga administrator\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb talentuar p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimin e sh\u00ebrbimeve, diferencat mes tyre nuk ishin t\u00eb duhura. Por tani, kur funksionet e DevOps-it dhe administrator\u00ebve n\u00eb ekipin kan\u00eb filluar t\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb radikalisht, \u00ebsht\u00eb e papranueshme t\u2019i ngat\u00ebrrosh ata, ose madje t\u00eb vendos\u00ebsh nj\u00eb shenj\u00eb barazimi midis tyre.<\/p>\n

Por \u00e7far\u00eb ndodh me k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebr biznesin?<\/p>\n

Rekrutimi, e gjitha \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb. <\/p>\n

Ju hapni nj\u00eb postim p\u00ebr vendin e pun\u00ebs \"Administrator sistemi\", dhe aty jan\u00eb t\u00eb renditura k\u00ebrkesat si \"bashk\u00ebpunimi me zhvilluesit dhe klient\u00ebt\", \"sistemi i shp\u00ebrndarjes CI\/CD\", \"mb\u00ebshtetje e server\u00ebve dhe pajisjeve t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb\", \"administrimi i sistemeve t\u00eb brendshme\" e k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb; ju e kuptoni se pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi po thot\u00eb di\u00e7ka pa kuptim. Problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se n\u00eb vend t\u00eb \"Administratorit t\u00eb sistemit\" n\u00eb titullin e postimit duhet t\u00eb shkruaj\u00eb \"Inxhinier DevOps\", dhe n\u00ebse ky titull nxihet, gjith\u00e7ka vendoset n\u00eb vend.<\/p>\n

Porosi se b\u00ebn nj\u00eb p\u00ebrshtypje kur lexoni nj\u00eb ofert\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb pune? \u00c7far\u00eb k\u00ebrkon kompania nga nj\u00eb person q\u00eb do t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb menaxhoj\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem versionimi dhe monitorimi, dhe gjithashtu do t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcej\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb me dh\u00ebmb\u00ebt e tij...<\/p>\n

Epo, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos rritur nivelin e \u00e7menduris\u00eb n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft t\u00eb quhen ofertat p\u00ebr pun\u00eb me emrat e tyre dhe t\u00eb kuptohet qart\u00eb se inxhinieri DevOps dhe administrator sistemi jan\u00eb dy entitete t\u00eb ndryshme. Por d\u00ebshira e pakontrolluar e disa pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar nj\u00eb list\u00eb sa m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb k\u00ebrkesash nga kandidati \u00e7on n\u00eb faktin se administrator\u00ebt klasik\u00eb t\u00eb sistemeve nuk kuptojn\u00eb m\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb ndodh p\u00ebrreth tyre. A po mutacionohet profesioni dhe ata kan\u00eb ngecur n\u00eb jet\u00eb?<\/p>\n

Jo, jo dhe p\u00ebrs\u00ebri jo. Administrator\u00ebt e infrastruktur\u00ebs, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt do t\u00eb menaxhojn\u00eb server\u00ebt e brendsh\u00ebm t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb, ose do t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb n\u00eb pozita L2\/L3 mb\u00ebshtetje dhe do t\u00eb ndihmojn\u00eb koleg\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb, nuk kan\u00eb shkuar askund dhe nuk planifikojn\u00eb t\u00eb largohen.<\/p>\n

A mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhen k\u00ebta specialist\u00eb inxhinier\u00eb DevOps? Sigurisht q\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhen. N\u00eb fakt, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis i ngjash\u00ebm q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon aft\u00ebsi n\u00eb administrimin e sistemeve, por p\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, p\u00ebrfshin pun\u00ebn me monitorimin, sistemet e dor\u00ebzimit dhe, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb me ekipin e zhvillimit dhe testimit.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr problem i DevOps<\/h4>\n

\nN\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, problemi nuk p\u00ebrfundon vet\u00ebm me rekrutimin dhe ngat\u00ebrresat e vazhdueshme midis administrator\u00ebve dhe devop\u00ebve. N\u00eb nj\u00eb moment, biznesi p\u00ebrballet me problemin e dor\u00ebzimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimeve dhe bashk\u00ebpunimit t\u00eb ekipit t\u00eb zhvillimit me infrastruktur\u00ebn p\u00ebrfundimtare.<\/p>\n

Ndoshta ishte at\u00ebher\u00eb kur n\u00eb sken\u00ebn e nj\u00eb konference u ngjit nj\u00eb djalosh me syt\u00eb q\u00eb shk\u00eblqenin dhe tha: 'Ne e b\u00ebjm\u00eb k\u00ebshtu dhe e quajm\u00eb DevOps. K\u00ebta djem do t\u00eb zgjidhin t\u00eb gjitha problemet tuaja' \u2014 dhe filloi t\u00eb fliste se sa mir\u00eb jeton n\u00eb kompani pas implementimit t\u00eb praktikave DevOps.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, mjafton t\u00eb angazhosh nj\u00eb inxhinier DevOps p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb \u00e7do gj\u00eb t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb \"si\u00e7 duhet\". Kompania duhet t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb nj\u00eb transformim t\u00eb plot\u00eb DevOps, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb roli dhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e DevOps-it ton\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kuptohen qart\u00eb gjithashtu nga ekipi i zhvillimit dhe testimit t\u00eb produktit. Kemi nj\u00eb histori \"fantastike\" lidhur me k\u00ebt\u00eb tem\u00eb q\u00eb ilustron plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb ndodhur ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Situata. Nj\u00eb devops-i k\u00ebrkohet t\u00eb implementoj\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem rihapjeje versionesh, pa u shqet\u00ebsuar shum\u00eb p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb. Supozojm\u00eb, brenda sistemit Users \u2014 ka fusha t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta p\u00ebr emrin, mbiemrin dhe fjal\u00ebkalimin. Del nj\u00eb version i ri i produktit, por p\u00ebr zhvilluesit \"rikthimi\" \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb magjistar q\u00eb do t\u00eb rregulloj\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka, dhe ata madje nuk e imagjinojn\u00eb se si funksionon. Pra, p\u00ebr shembull, zhvilluesit n\u00eb nj\u00eb patch t\u00eb radh\u00ebs bashkuan fushat e emrit dhe mbiemrit, e nxorr\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb n\u00eb prodhim, dhe versioni ngadal\u00ebsohet p\u00ebr disa arsye. \u00c7far\u00eb ndodh? Menaxhimi i drejtohet devops-it dhe thot\u00eb \"T\u00eb t\u00ebrheqim kabllin!\", dometh\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb rikthehet n\u00eb versionin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm. \u00c7far\u00eb b\u00ebn devops? Ai rikthehet n\u00eb versionin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm, por pasi zhvilluesit nuk donin t\u00eb merrnin n\u00eb dor\u00eb se si b\u00ebhet ky rikthim, askush nuk i tha devops-it q\u00eb duhej t\u00eb rikthehej edhe baza. Si rezultat, gjith\u00e7ka bie, dhe p\u00ebrdoruesit p\u00ebrve\u00e7 nj\u00eb site t\u00eb ngadalsh\u00ebm, shohin gabimin \"500\", sepse versioni i vjet\u00ebr nuk punon me fushat e baz\u00ebs s\u00eb re. Devops-i nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dijeni p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb. Zhvilluesit heshtin. Menaxhimi fillon t\u00eb humbas\u00eb nervat dhe para dhe kujton p\u00ebr back-up-et, duke propozuar q\u00eb t\u00eb rikthehet nga ato, q\u00eb \"t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb ndonj\u00eb gj\u00eb\". Si rezultat, p\u00ebrdoruesit humbasin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e tyre p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb kohe.<\/p>\n

Sigurisht, k\u00ebto kritika drejtohen ndaj DevOps-it, q\u00eb \"nuk krijoi nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb sakt\u00eb rikthimi\", nd\u00ebrsa askujt nuk i intereson se zhvilluesit jan\u00eb elkat n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb histori.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfundimi \u00ebsht\u00eb i thjesht\u00eb: pa nj\u00eb qasje t\u00eb duhur ndaj DevOps-it, i gjith\u00eb ky proces nuk ka shum\u00eb vler\u00eb.
\nE r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb mbani mend: inxhinieri DevOps nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb magjistar, dhe pa komunikim t\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe bashk\u00ebpunim dypal\u00ebsh me zhvillimin, ai nuk do t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb detyrat e tij. DevOps-at nuk mund t\u00eb lihen vet\u00ebm me \"problemet\" e tyre, ose t'u thuhen t\u00eb \"mos i p\u00ebrziejn\u00eb zhvilluesit, ata merren me kodimin\", dhe pastaj t\u00eb shpresohet se n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment kritik gjith\u00e7ka do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb si\u00e7 duhet. K\u00ebshtu nuk funksionon.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb thelb, DevOps jan\u00eb kompetenca q\u00eb ndodhen n\u00eb kufijt\u00eb midis menaxhimit dhe teknologjis\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aspak e qart\u00eb se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kokteil teknologjish duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa menaxhim. N\u00ebse v\u00ebrtet d\u00ebshironi t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoni procese m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejta dhe m\u00eb efikase t\u00eb zhvillimit, duhet t'i besoni DevOps-it tuaj. Ai njeh mjetet e nevojshme, ka realizuar projekte t\u00eb ngjashme, e di si t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb. Ndihmojeni at\u00eb, d\u00ebgjoni k\u00ebshillat e tij, mos u p\u00ebrpiqni ta izolonit n\u00eb nj\u00eb nj\u00ebsi autonome. N\u00ebse administrator\u00ebt mund t\u00eb punojn\u00eb vet\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb DevOps jan\u00eb n\u00eb ato raste t\u00eb padobish\u00ebm; ata nuk do t\u00eb mund t'ju ndihmojn\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebheni m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00ebse ju vet\u00eb nuk e d\u00ebshironi k\u00ebt\u00eb ndihm\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fund, mjaft t\u00eb ofendoni adminstrator\u00ebt e infrastruktur\u00ebs. Ata kan\u00eb nj\u00eb front pune shum\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm. Po, nj\u00eb admin mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet DevOps inxhinier, por kjo duhet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb nga d\u00ebshira e vet\u00eb individit, e jo nga detyrimi. Dhe nuk ka asgj\u00eb t\u00eb keqe q\u00eb nj\u00eb administrator sistemi d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb mbetet administrator sistemi \u2014 kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb profesion i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dhe e drejta e tij. N\u00ebse ka d\u00ebshir\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u transformuar profesionalisht, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb mos harrohet se duhet t\u00eb zhvillohen jo vet\u00ebm aft\u00ebsi teknologjike, por gjithashtu edhe ato menaxheriale. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebta njer\u00ebz, duke qen\u00eb bashk\u00eb, do t\u00eb duhet t'i m\u00ebsoni t\u00eb flasin nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, ndoshta pik\u00ebrisht ju si udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs.
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Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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