{"id":37222,"date":"2019-10-31T22:16:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:16:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/obzor-emulyatorov-terminala\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:16:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:16:26","slug":"obzor-emulyatorov-terminala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/obzor-emulyatorov-terminala","title":{"rendered":"P\u00ebrmbledhja e emulator\u00ebve t\u00eb terminaleve","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb nga zyreton ton\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthimit: zakonisht t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthejn\u00eb materialet m\u00eb t\u00eb fresk\u00ebta dhe botimet, dhe ne nuk jemi p\u00ebrjashtim. Por terminalet nuk jan\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet \u00e7do jav\u00eb. Prandaj, p\u00ebrktheu p\u00ebr ju artikullin e Antoine Beaupr\u00e9, publikuar pranver\u00ebn e vitit 2018: pavar\u00ebsisht nga mosha e konsiderueshme p\u00ebr standardet moderne, ne mendojm\u00eb se materiali nuk ka humbur aktualitetin. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, n\u00eb origjin\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb seri dy artikujsh, por ne vendos\u00ebm t'i bashkojm\u00eb ato n\u00eb nj\u00eb postim t\u00eb madh.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n
\nTerminalet z\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e kompjuter\u00ebve, por n\u00eb dekadat e fundit ato jan\u00eb \"detyruar\" t\u00eb mbijetojn\u00eb s\u00eb bashku me linj\u00ebn e komand\u00ebs n\u00eb sfondin e p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb gjer\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqeve grafike. Emulator\u00ebt e terminaleve<\/a><\/noindex> z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuan homolog\u00ebt e tyre harduerik\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, nga ana e tyre, ishin nj\u00eb modifikim i sistemeve me karta perforuese dhe nd\u00ebrprer\u00ebs. Distribucione moderne vijn\u00eb me nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb madhe emulator\u00ebsh terminali n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha format dhe ngjyrat. Dhe nd\u00ebrsa shum\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur me terminalin standard q\u00eb u ofrohet nga mjedisi i tyre i pun\u00ebs, disa me krenari p\u00ebrdorin softuer t\u00eb hapur qart\u00eb ekzotik p\u00ebr t\u00eb nisur shell-in ose editorin e tyre t\u00eb preferuar. Por, si\u00e7 do t\u00eb shohim nga ky artikull, jo t\u00eb gjith\u00eb terminalet jan\u00eb krijuar sipas nj\u00eb modeli: ato ndryshojn\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm n\u00eb funksionalitet, p\u00ebrmas\u00eb dhe performanc\u00eb.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Disa terminale kan\u00eb v\u00ebrtet vrima t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme n\u00eb siguri, plus, shumica kan\u00eb nj\u00eb grup krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm funksionesh, nga mb\u00ebshtetja e nd\u00ebrfaqes me tabu deri te skriptet. Megjithat\u00eb ne kemi shqyrtuar emulator\u00ebt e terminaleve n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn e larg\u00ebt<\/a><\/noindex>, ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsim i materialit t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm, q\u00eb do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb lexuesit t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb se cili terminal t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin n\u00eb vitin 2018. N\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb artikullit, funksionet krahasohen, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00ebn vler\u00ebsohet performanca.<\/p>\n

Ja terminalet q\u00eb shqyrtova:<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n
\nNdoshta k\u00ebto nuk jan\u00eb versionet m\u00eb t\u00eb reja, pasi kam qen\u00eb i kufizuar n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimet stabile n\u00eb momentin q\u00eb kam shkruar materialin, t\u00eb cilat kam arritur t'i instaloja n\u00eb Debian 9 ose Fedora 27. P\u00ebrjashtimi i vet\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb Alacritty. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb pasardh\u00ebs i terminaleve me GPU t\u00eb akceleruar dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb pazakont\u00eb dhe t\u00eb re p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb detyr\u00eb \u2014 Rust. Kam p\u00ebrjashtuar terminalet e uebit (p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Electron<\/a><\/noindex>), sepse testet paraprake treguan performanc\u00ebn e tyre jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb ul\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

Mb\u00ebshtetje Unicode<\/h4>\n

\nTestet e mia filluan me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr Unicode. Testi i par\u00eb i terminaleve ishte shfaqja e nj\u00eb vargu t\u00eb till\u00eb t\u00eb Unicode nga artikulli n\u00eb Wikipedia<\/a><\/noindex>: \u00ab\u00e9, \u0394, \u0419, \u05e7, \u0645, \u0e57, \u3042, \u53f6, \u8449 dhe \ub9d0\u00bb. Ky test i thjesht\u00eb tregon n\u00ebse terminali mund t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb si\u00e7 duhet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn. Terminali xterm nuk shfaq simbolin arab Mem<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb konfigurimin e tij t\u00eb paracaktuar:<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n
\nN\u00eb parazgjedhje, xterm p\u00ebrdor shkrimin klasik \u00abt\u00eb fiksuar\u00bb, i cili, sipas t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebs Wiki<\/a><\/noindex>, ka \u00abmbulim t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb Unicode q\u00eb nga viti 1997\u00bb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkrim ndodh di\u00e7ka q\u00eb b\u00ebn q\u00eb simboli t\u00eb shfaqet si nj\u00eb korniz\u00eb boshe dhe vet\u00ebm kur rrisim madh\u00ebsin\u00eb e shkrimit n\u00eb 20+ pik\u00eb, simboli fillon t\u00eb shfaqet si\u00e7 duhet. Megjithat\u00eb, ky \u00abfix\u00bb prish shfaqjen e simboleve t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Unicode:<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n
\nK\u00ebto screenshot jan\u00eb marr\u00eb n\u00eb Fedora 27, pasi ajo ofronte rezultatet m\u00eb t\u00eb mira, krahasuar me Debian 9, ku disa versionet m\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra t\u00eb terminaleve (n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti \u2014 mlterm) nuk mund t\u00eb funksiononin si\u00e7 duhej me shkrimet. Fatmir\u00ebsisht, kjo u rregullua n\u00eb versionet e m\u00ebvonshme.<\/p>\n

Tani vini re shfaqjen e vargut n\u00eb xterm. \u00c7udit\u00ebrisht, simboli Mem dhe i pasuar nga Semitic Qoph<\/a><\/noindex> jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura me skenar\u00ebt e shkruajtjes RTL (right-to-left<\/a><\/noindex>), prandaj teknikisht duhet t\u00eb shfaqen nga dritarja n\u00eb t\u00eb djatht\u00eb. Shfletuesit e uebit, si Firefox 57, e trajtojn\u00eb si\u00e7 duhet vargun e m\u00ebsip\u00ebrm. Nj\u00eb variant m\u00eb i thjesht\u00eb i tekstit RTL \u00ebsht\u00eb fjala \"Sara<\/a><\/noindex>\" n\u00eb hebraisht (\u05e9\u05e8\u05d4<\/a><\/noindex>). Faqja Wiki mbi tekstet bidireksionale<\/a><\/noindex> thot\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebposhtme:<\/p>\n

\u00abShum\u00eb programe kompjuterike nuk mund t\u00eb shfaqin si\u00e7 duhet tekstin bidireksional. P\u00ebr shembull, emri hebraik \u201cSara\u201d p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga simbolet sin (\u05e9) (i cili shfaqet nga e djathta), pastaj resh (\u05e8) dhe, p\u00ebrfundimisht, he (\u05d4) (i cili duhet t\u00eb shfaqet nga e majta)\u00bb.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nShum\u00eb terminale nuk p\u00ebrfundojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb test: Alacritty, terminalet e bazuara n\u00eb VTE t\u00eb Gnome dhe XFCE, urxvt, st dhe xterm e shfaqin \"Sara\" n\u00eb rend t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt, si\u00e7 do ta shkruanim k\u00ebt\u00eb em\u00ebr si \"Aras\".<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n
\nNj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr problem me tekstet dykah\u00ebshe \u00ebsht\u00eb se ato duhet si\u00e7 do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb rreshtuar, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht kur b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrzierjen e teksteve RTL dhe LTR. Skema RTL duhet t\u00eb filloj\u00eb nga ana e djatht\u00eb e dritares s\u00eb terminalit, por \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb p\u00ebr terminalet q\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb nga default me anglishte LTR? Shumica e tyre nuk kan\u00eb ndonj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dhe rreshtojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb tekstin n\u00eb an\u00ebn e majt\u00eb (n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha, edhe n\u00eb Konsole). P\u00ebrjashtim b\u00ebjn\u00eb pterm dhe mlterm, t\u00eb cilat i p\u00ebrmbahen standardeve dhe rreshtojn\u00eb k\u00ebto rreshta n\u00eb an\u00ebn e djatht\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n<\/p>\n

Mbrojtja nga ngjitja<\/h4>\n

\nKarakteristika e ardhshme thelb\u00ebsore, q\u00eb un\u00eb e kam p\u00ebrcaktuar p\u00ebr vete, \u00ebsht\u00eb mbrojtja nga ngjitja. Nd\u00ebrsa dihet gjer\u00ebsisht se shprehjet si:<\/p>\n

$ curl http:\/\/example.com\/ | sh<\/code><\/pre>\n
\njan\u00eb komanda t\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb kodit push, shum\u00eb pak e din\u00eb q\u00eb komandat e fshehta mund t\u00eb dep\u00ebrtojn\u00eb n\u00eb konsol\u00ebn duke kopjuar-ngjitur nga shfletuesi i internetit, edhe pas nj\u00eb kontrolli t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm. Faqja e verifikimit t\u00eb Jan Horne<\/a><\/noindex> tregon shk\u00eblqyesh\u00ebm se si nj\u00eb komand\u00eb q\u00eb duket e pad\u00ebmshme:<\/p>\n
git clone git:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/utils\/kup\/kup.git<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nkthehet kur ngjitet nga faqja e Horne n\u00eb terminal n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb problem t\u00eb pak\u00ebndsh\u00ebm:<\/p>\n
git clone \/dev\/null;\n    clear;\n\techo -n \"Hello \";\n\twhoami|tr -d 'n';\n\techo -e '!nIshte nj\u00eb ide e keqe. Mos kopi kod nga faqet q\u00eb nuk i besoni! \n\tJa rreshti i par\u00eb i \/etc\/passwd: ';\n\thead -n1 \/etc\/passwd\n\tgit clone git:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/utils\/kup\/kup.git<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nSi funksionon kjo? Kodi keqdash\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb bllok <\/b>, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i zhvendosur nga fusha e shikimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit me mjete CSS.<\/p>\n
Re\u017eimi i ngjitjes Bracketed<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb qart\u00eb i destinuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb neutralizuar k\u00ebto sulme. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mod, terminalet e vendosin tekstin e ngjitur n\u00eb nj\u00eb pal\u00eb sekvencash t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb escape, p\u00ebr t\u00eb njoftuar shell-in p\u00ebr origjin\u00ebn e k\u00ebtij teksti. K\u00ebshtu shell-i merr nj\u00eb sinjal se mund t\u00eb injoroj\u00eb simbolet speciale q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbaj\u00eb teksti i ngjitur. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb terminalet, deri n\u00eb xterm t\u00eb nderuar, mb\u00ebshtesin k\u00ebt\u00eb funksion, por ngjitja n\u00eb modin Bracketed k\u00ebrkon mb\u00ebshtetje nga shell-i ose aplikacioni i ekzekutuar n\u00eb terminal. P\u00ebr shembull, softueri q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor GNU Readline<\/a><\/noindex> (i nj\u00ebjti Bash), k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb sked\u00eb ~ \/.inputrc<\/b>:<\/p>\n
set enable-bracketed-paste on<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nFatkeq, nj\u00eb test-website i Horn\u00ebs gjithashtu tregon se si t\u00eb anashkalosh k\u00ebt\u00eb mbrojtje p\u00ebrmes formatimit t\u00eb tekstit dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundosh parakoh\u00ebsisht aplikimin e modalitetit Bracketed. Kjo funksionon sepse disa terminale filtrojn\u00eb gabimisht sekuencat e escape p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb shtojn\u00eb t\u00eb tyret. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb t\u00eb mijat nuk kam mundur t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundoj me sukses testet e Konsole, edhe duke marr\u00eb parasysh konfiguarimin e sakt\u00eb. .inputrc<\/b> file. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballesh leht\u00ebsisht me d\u00ebmtime t\u00eb konfigurimit t\u00eb sistemit p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nj\u00eb aplikacioni t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm ose nj\u00eb shell t\u00eb keqkonfiguruar. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e rrezikshme kur hyn n\u00eb server\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebt, ku p\u00ebrpunimi i kujdessh\u00ebm i konfigurimit ndodhet m\u00eb rrall\u00eb, aq m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00ebse ke shum\u00eb nga k\u00ebto makina t\u00eb larg\u00ebta.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb zgjidhje e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb problem \u00ebsht\u00eb mjeti i konfirmimit t\u00eb ngjitjes p\u00ebr terminalin urxvt<\/b>, i cili thjesht k\u00ebrkon leje p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngjitur \u00e7do tekst q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban n\u00eb t\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb reja. Nuk kam gjetur nj\u00eb version m\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt p\u00ebr sulmin tekstual t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar nga Horna.<\/p>\n
Tab-at dhe profilet<\/h4>\n
\nNj\u00eb funksion i popullarizuar tani \u00ebsht\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetja e nd\u00ebrfaqes me tab-e, t\u00eb cilin do ta definonim si nj\u00eb dritare terminali q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban disa terminale t\u00eb tjera. Funksioni ndryshon p\u00ebr terminale t\u00eb ndryshme, dhe ndon\u00ebse terminalet tradicionale si xterm nuk e mb\u00ebshtesin fare tab-et, inkarnacionet m\u00eb moderne t\u00eb terminalit si Xfce Terminal, GNOME Terminal dhe Konsole e kan\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb funksion. Gjithashtu, mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr tab-et ka edhe Urxvt, por vet\u00ebm n\u00ebse p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb plugin. Megjithat\u00eb, me sa i p\u00ebrket mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr tab-et si t\u00eb tilla, lideri i padiskutuesh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb Terminator: ai mb\u00ebshtet jo vet\u00ebm tab-et, por gjithashtu mund t\u00eb vendos\u00eb terminalet n\u00eb rend t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm (shih skic\u00ebn m\u00eb posht\u00eb).<\/p>\n
\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n
\nNj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7ori e Terminator \u00ebsht\u00eb mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr \"t\u00eb gruposh\" k\u00ebto tab-e bashk\u00eb dhe t\u00eb d\u00ebrgosh t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat shtypje \u00e7el\u00ebsish n\u00eb disa terminale nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, e cila ofron nj\u00eb mjet t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer operacione masive n\u00eb disa servera nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht. Nj\u00eb funksion i ngjash\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu i realizuar n\u00eb Konsole. P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur k\u00ebt\u00eb funksion n\u00eb terminale t\u00eb tjera, duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00ebsh software t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, si Cluster SSH<\/a><\/noindex>, xlax<\/a><\/noindex> ose tmux<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
Ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht, skedaret funksionojn\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb kombinim me profilin: p\u00ebr shembull, mund t\u00eb keni nj\u00eb sked\u00eb p\u00ebr emailin, nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr bised\u00ebn dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb. Kjo mb\u00ebshtetet mir\u00eb nga terminali Konsole dhe GNOME Terminal. T\u00eb dy lejojn\u00eb q\u00eb secila sked\u00eb t\u00eb nis\u00eb automatikisht profilin e saj. Terminator gjithashtu mb\u00ebshtet profile, por nuk arrita t\u00eb gjej nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb nisur automatikisht programe t\u00eb caktuara kur hap nj\u00eb sked\u00eb specifike. Terminalet e tjera n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi nuk kan\u00eb nocionin e \"profilit\".<\/p>\n
Frutat e vogla<\/h4>\n
\nE fundit q\u00eb do t\u00eb shqyrtoj n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtij artikulli \u00ebsht\u00eb pamja e terminaleve. P\u00ebr shembull, GNOME, Xfce dhe urxvt mb\u00ebshtesin transparenc\u00ebn, por s\u00eb fundmi hoq\u00ebn mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr imazhet e sfondit, gj\u00eb q\u00eb detyroi disa p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb n\u00eb terminalin Tilix<\/a><\/noindex>. Personalish, un\u00eb jam i k\u00ebnaqur me t\u00eb thjesht Xresources<\/b>, i cili vendos nj\u00eb grup bazik ngjyrash sfondi p\u00ebr urxvt. Megjithat\u00eb, temat e ngjyrave jo standarde mund t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb probleme. P\u00ebr shembull, Solarized<\/a><\/noindex> nuk funksionon<\/a><\/noindex> me aplikacionet htop<\/a><\/noindex> dhe IPTraf<\/a><\/noindex>, pasi ata tashm\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin ngjyrat e tyre.<\/p>\n
Terminali origjinal VT100<\/a><\/noindex> nuk mb\u00ebshteste ngjyrat, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb shpesh ishin t\u00eb kufizuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb palet\u00eb ngjyrash 256. P\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e avancuar, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt stilizojn\u00eb terminalet e tyre, k\u00ebrkesat e shell-it ose t\u00eb rreshtit t\u00eb gjendjes n\u00eb disa m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara, mund t\u00eb paraqesin nj\u00eb kufizim t\u00eb pak\u00ebndsh\u00ebm. Gist<\/a><\/noindex> ndjek se cil\u00ebt terminale kan\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje \"True Color\". Testet e mia konfirmojn\u00eb se st, Alacritty dhe terminalet e bazuara n\u00eb VTE mb\u00ebshtesin shk\u00eblqyesh\u00ebm True Color. Terminalet e tjera n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb ndihen jo shum\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe n\u00eb fakt nuk shfaqin as 256 ngjyra. M\u00eb posht\u00eb mund t\u00eb shihni ndryshimin midis mb\u00ebshtetjes True Color n\u00eb terminalet GNOME, st dhe xterm, t\u00eb cilat e p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb detyr\u00eb mjaft mir\u00eb me palet\u00ebn e tyre 256-ngjyr\u00ebshe, dhe urxvt, q\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm nuk ia del provimit, por madje tregon disa simbole q\u00eb tremb\u00ebrisht n\u00eb vend t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n
\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n
\nDisa terminale gjithashtu analizojn\u00eb tekstin p\u00ebr t'u siguruar q\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb shabllone URL-sh, p\u00ebr t'i b\u00ebr\u00eb lidhjet klikueshme. Kjo i p\u00ebrket t\u00eb gjitha terminaleve t\u00eb derivuar nga VTE, nd\u00ebrsa urxvt k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb modul t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm q\u00eb t\u00eb transformoj\u00eb adresat URL me klikim ose me nj\u00eb kombinim t\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsave. Terminalet e tjera q\u00eb kam testuar shfaqin adresat URL n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n
Finalmente, trendi i ri i terminaleve \u00ebsht\u00eb opsionaliteti i rrotullimit. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb st nuk ka rrotullim; supozohet se p\u00ebrdoruesi do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb nj\u00eb multiplexer terminali si tmux dhe GNU Screen<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb Alacritty gjithashtu mungojn\u00eb tampon\u00ebt e rrotullimit t\u00eb prapsh\u00ebm, por s\u00eb shpejti do t\u00eb shtohet<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb \"feedback-ut t\u00eb gjer\u00eb\" q\u00eb ka ardhur nga p\u00ebrdoruesit p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb tem\u00eb. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebtyre daljesh, \u00e7do terminal i verifikuar q\u00eb kam gjetur mb\u00ebshtet rrotullimin prapa.<\/p>\n
T\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhura<\/h4>\n
\nN\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb materialit (n\u00eb origjinal ishte dy artikuj t\u00eb ndara, \u2014 sh\u00ebnim i redaktorit.<\/i>) do t\u00eb krahasojm\u00eb performanc\u00ebn, p\u00ebrdorimin e memories dhe vonesat. Por tashm\u00eb shohim se disa nga terminalet n\u00eb shqyrtim kan\u00eb disavantazhe t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. P\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebrdoruesit q\u00eb punojn\u00eb rregullisht me skriptet RTL mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb parasysh mlterm dhe pterm, pasi ato i p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb k\u00ebto detyra m\u00eb mir\u00eb se t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt. Konsole gjithashtu ka performuar mir\u00eb. P\u00ebrdoruesit q\u00eb nuk punojn\u00eb me skriptet RTL mund t\u00eb zgjedhin di\u00e7ka tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n
Sa i p\u00ebrket mbrojtjes nga futja e kodit t\u00eb d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm, urxvt dallohet p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb implementimit t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb mbrojtjes nga k\u00ebt\u00eb lloj sulmi, q\u00eb m\u00eb duket me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb e dobishme. Ata q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb disa karakteristika shtes\u00eb duhet t\u00eb shikojn\u00eb n\u00eb Konsole. N\u00eb fund, duhet t\u00eb theksohet se VTE \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb baz\u00eb e shk\u00eblqyer p\u00ebr terminalet, q\u00eb garanton mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr ngjyrat, njohjen e URL-ve dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb. N\u00eb pamje t\u00eb par\u00eb, terminali default q\u00eb vjen me mjedisin tuaj t\u00eb preferuar mund t\u00eb plot\u00ebsoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebrkesat, por ta l\u00ebm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pyetje t\u00eb hapur derisa t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb performanc\u00ebn.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Vazhdoni bised\u00ebn<\/h4>\n
<\/i>
\nN\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, performanca e terminaleve mund t\u00eb duket si nj\u00eb problem i kushtezuar, megjithat\u00eb, si\u00e7 u v\u00ebrtetua, disa prej tyre tregojn\u00eb vonesa befasuese p\u00ebr nj\u00eb software kaq themelor. Gjithashtu m\u00eb posht\u00eb do t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb zakonisht quhet \"shpejt\u00ebsi\" (n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsia e rrotullimit) dhe konsumimin e memories nga terminali (duke marr\u00eb parasysh se sot kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aq kritike sa ishte dekada m\u00eb par\u00eb).<\/p>\n
Vonesa<\/h4>\n
\nPas nj\u00eb shqyrtimi t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb terminaleve, kam arritur n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se parametri m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt \u00ebsht\u00eb madh\u00ebsia e vones\u00ebs (ping). N\u00eb artikullin tim \u00abShkruajm\u00eb me k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi\u00bb<\/a><\/noindex> Pavel Fatin shqyrtoi vonesat e redaktor\u00ebve t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm t\u00eb teksteve dhe sugjeroi se terminalet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt mund t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb m\u00eb ngadal\u00eb se redaktor\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb teksteve. Ky sugjerim m\u00eb \u00e7oi n\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb zhvillimin e testeve t\u00eb mia dhe n\u00eb shk writingimin e k\u00ebtij artikulli.<\/p>\n
Por \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vonesa, dhe pse \u00ebsht\u00eb kaq e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme? N\u00eb artikullin e tij, Fatin e p\u00ebrcaktoi at\u00eb si \u00abvon\u00ebs\u00ebn midis shtypjes s\u00eb butonit dhe p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimit p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs n\u00eb ekran\u00bb dhe citoi \u00abUdh\u00ebzimi p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrveprimin e njeriut me kompjuterin\u00bb<\/a><\/noindex>, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin thuhet: \u00abVonesa n\u00eb reagimin vizual n\u00eb ekranin e kompjuterit ka nj\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb sjelljen e operator\u00ebve dhe k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre\u00bb.<\/p>\n
Fatin shpjegon se kjo ping ka pasoja m\u00eb t\u00eb thella, m\u00eb shum\u00eb se thjesht k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsin\u00eb: \u00abshkrimi b\u00ebhet m\u00eb i ngadalt\u00eb, ndodhin m\u00eb shum\u00eb gabime, rritet tensioni i syve dhe muskujve\u00bb. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, nj\u00eb vones\u00eb e madhe mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb gabime, si dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb cil\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb kodit, pasi krijon nj\u00eb ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb qen\u00ebsishme kognitive p\u00ebr trurin. Por \u00e7'\u00ebsht\u00eb edhe m\u00eb keq, ping-u \u00abrrit tensionin e syve dhe muskujve\u00bb, q\u00eb duket se n\u00ebnkupton zhvillimin e traumave profesionale<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen (duket se autori n\u00ebnkupton probleme me muskujt e syve, shpin\u00eb, duar dhe, natyrisht, shikimin, \u2014 sh\u00ebn. p\u00ebr.<\/i>) p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb tensionit t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur.<\/p>\n
Disa nga k\u00ebto efekte jan\u00eb t\u00eb njohura prej koh\u00ebsh, dhe rezultatet studime<\/a><\/noindex>, t\u00eb publikuara q\u00eb n\u00eb 1976 n\u00eb revist\u00ebn Ergonomics, tregojn\u00eb se nj\u00eb vones\u00eb prej 100 milisekondash \u00abt\u00eb d\u00ebmton r\u00ebnd\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e shkruarjes\u00bb. S\u00eb fundmi, n\u00eb udh\u00ebzimin p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb GNOME \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjeje e pranueshme<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb 10 milisekonda, e n\u00ebse vazhdojm\u00eb m\u00eb tej, Microsoft Research<\/a><\/noindex> tregon se ideali \u00ebsht\u00eb 1 milisekond\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Fatin zhvilloi testet e tij n\u00eb redaktor\u00ebt e teksteve; ai krijoi nj\u00eb instrument portativ t\u00eb quajtur Typometer<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili e p\u00ebrdora p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontrolluar pingun n\u00eb emulator\u00ebt e terminaleve. Kini parasysh se testi u zhvillua n\u00eb modin simulues: n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb duhet t\u00eb marrim parasysh edhe vones\u00ebn e hyrjes (tastiera, kontrolluesi USB dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb) dhe asaj t\u00eb daljes (buferri i kart\u00ebs grafike, monitori). Sipas Fatinit, n\u00eb konfigurimet tipike ajo p\u00ebrb\u00ebn rreth 20 ms. Me pajisje lojrash, mund t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat prej vet\u00ebm 3 milisekondash. Tani q\u00eb kemi pajisje kaq t\u00eb shpejta, aplikacioni nuk duhet t\u00eb sjell\u00eb edhe vones\u00ebn e vet. Q\u00ebllimi i Fatinit \u00ebsht\u00eb ta ul\u00eb vones\u00ebn e aplikacionit n\u00eb 1 milisekond\u00eb, ose t\u00eb arrij\u00eb nj\u00eb set pa vones\u00eb t\u00eb matshme<\/a><\/noindex>, si n\u00eb IntelliJ IDEA 15<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
Ja rezultatet e matjeve t\u00eb mia, si dhe disa rezultate t\u00eb Fatinit p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar se eksperimentet e mia jan\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me testet e tij:<\/p>\n
\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n
\nE para q\u00eb m\u00eb befasoi ishte koha m\u00eb e mir\u00eb e reagimit te programet e vjetra, si xterm dhe mlterm. N\u00eb prani t\u00eb nj\u00eb vonese m\u00eb t\u00eb keqe regjistrimi (2.4 ms), ata treguan nj\u00eb rezultat m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb se terminali m\u00eb i shpejt\u00eb modern (10.6 ms p\u00ebr st). Asnj\u00eb terminal modern nuk bie n\u00ebn pragun e 10 milisekondave. N\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, Alacritty nuk i p\u00ebrmbush k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr \"terminalin m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb ekzistuesh\u00ebm\", megjith\u00ebse rezultatet e tij jan\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar q\u00eb nga verifikimi i par\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2017. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, autor\u00ebt e projektit jan\u00eb n\u00eb dijeni t\u00eb situat\u00ebs<\/a><\/noindex> dhe po punojn\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e shfaqjes. \u00cbsht\u00eb gjithashtu e nevojshme t\u00eb theksohet se Vim, i cili p\u00ebrdor GTK3, \u00ebsht\u00eb duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb i ngadalt\u00eb se ekuivalenti i tij GTK2. Kjo mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundoj\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se GTK3 krijon nj\u00eb vones\u00eb shtes\u00eb, dhe kjo reflektohet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb terminalet e tjera q\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorin at\u00eb (Terminator, Xfce4 Terminal dhe GNOME Terminal).<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebr syrin dallimet mund t\u00eb mos jen\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme. Si\u00e7 shpjegon Fatini: \"nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme t\u00eb kuptosh se ekziston nj\u00eb vones\u00eb, q\u00eb ajo t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb efekt mbi ty\". Fatini gjithashtu paralajm\u00ebron p\u00ebr devijimin standard: \"\u00e7do shkelje n\u00eb koh\u00ebzgjatjen e vones\u00ebs (dridhjet) krijon nj\u00eb ngarkes\u00eb shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb paparashikueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb saj\".<\/p>\n
\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n
\nGrafiku i m\u00ebsip\u00ebrm \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb nga nj\u00eb Debian 9 (stretch) t\u00eb past\u00ebr me menaxherin e dritares i3<\/a><\/noindex>. Ky kjo ndihmon n\u00eb arritjen e rezultateve m\u00eb t\u00eb mira n\u00eb provat e ndalimit. Si\u00e7 doli, GNOME krijon nj\u00eb ping shtes\u00eb prej 20 ms p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha matjet. Nj\u00eb shpjegim i mundsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshirja e programeve me p\u00ebrpunim sinkron t\u00eb ngjarjeve hyr\u00ebse. Fatini jep p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb rast si shembull Workrave<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili shton vones\u00eb duke p\u00ebrpunuar t\u00eb gjitha ngjarjet hyr\u00ebse n\u00eb sinkron. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb paracaktuar, GNOME gjithashtu ka menaxherin e dritareve Mutter<\/a><\/noindex>, e cila krijon nj\u00eb nivel shtes\u00eb t\u00eb tamponimit, e cila ndikon n\u00eb ping dhe shton t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 8 milisekonda vones\u00eb.<\/p>\n
\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n<\/p>\n
Shpejt\u00ebsia e rrotullimit<\/h4>\n
\nTesti i ardhsh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb kontrolli tradicional i \"shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb\" ose \"kapaciteteve t\u00eb kalimit\", i cili mat se sa shpejt terminali mund t\u00eb rrotulloj\u00eb faqen duke treguar nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe teksti n\u00eb ekran. Mekanika e testit ndryshon; testi origjinal p\u00ebrfshinte thjesht gjenerimin e t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtit string teksti me komand\u00ebn seq. Teste t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb verifikimin e Thomas E. Dick (shoq\u00ebruese e xterm), n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb cilit shpesh eksportohet skedari terminfo.src<\/a><\/noindex>. N\u00eb nj\u00eb shqyrtim tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb terminaleve Den Luu<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb varg bajt\u00ebsh t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb kodimin base32, i cili printohet n\u00eb terminal me an\u00eb t\u00eb cat. Luu e konsideron k\u00ebt\u00eb test \"aq t\u00eb padobish\u00ebm si \u00e7do standard q\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb imagjinuar\" dhe sugjeron q\u00eb n\u00eb vend t\u00eb tij t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebrgjigjja e terminalit si tregues kryesor. Dick gjithashtu e quan testin e tij t\u00eb gabuar. Megjithat\u00eb, t\u00eb dy autor\u00ebt pranojn\u00eb se kapaciteti i kalimit t\u00eb dritares s\u00eb terminalit mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb problem. Luu zbuloj bllokimin e Emacs Eshell kur shfaqte skedare t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, dhe Dick optimizoi terminalin p\u00ebr t\u00eb eliminuar ngadal\u00ebsin\u00eb vizuale t\u00eb xterm. Prandaj, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb test ka ende ndonj\u00eb arsyetim, por pasi processi i renderimit ndryshon shum\u00eb nga terminali n\u00eb terminal, ai mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret gjithashtu si nj\u00eb komponent testues p\u00ebr t\u00eb verifikuar parametrat e tjer\u00eb.<\/p>\n
\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n
\nK\u00ebtu shohim se rxvt dhe st dalin p\u00ebrpara p\u00ebrball\u00eb konkurrent\u00ebve, nd\u00ebrsa pas tyre vjen Alacritty, i zhvilluar duke u p\u00ebrq\u00ebndruar n\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi. M\u00eb pas jan\u00eb Xfce (familja VTE) dhe Konsole, t\u00eb cilat punojn\u00eb pothuajse dyfish m\u00eb shpejt. I fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb xterm me nj\u00eb tregues pes\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ngadalt\u00eb se rxvt. Gjat\u00eb testit, xterm gjithashtu kishte shum\u00eb ndri\u00e7im, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb tekstin e kalimsh\u00ebm t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u par\u00eb, edhe n\u00ebse kjo ishte e nj\u00ebjta rresht. Konsole rezultoi t\u00eb ishte i shpejt\u00eb, por ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb ai 'k\u00ebndonte': ekrani ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb ngec, duke treguar tekstin pjes\u00ebrisht ose duke mos e shfaqur at\u00eb fare. Terminalet e tjera shfaqnin rreshta qart\u00eb, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb st, Alacritty dhe rxvt.<\/p>\n
Diki shpjegon se ndryshimet n\u00eb performanc\u00eb lidhen me dizajnin e buffers t\u00eb skrollimit n\u00eb terminalet e ndryshme. N\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, ai i akuzon rxvt dhe terminalet e tjera se 'nuk ndjekin rregullat e p\u00ebrgjithshme':<\/p>\n
\u00abN\u00eb ndryshim nga xterm, rxvt nuk p\u00ebrpiqej t\u00eb shfaq\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimet. N\u00ebse ai ngec, ai heq dor\u00eb nga disa p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrzbuluar. Kjo ka pasur nj\u00eb ndikim m\u00eb t\u00eb madh n\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e dukshme t\u00eb skrollimit sesa n\u00eb organizimin e memories s\u00eb brendshme. Nj\u00eb disavantazh ishte se animacioni ASCII ishte disi i pasakt\u00eb\u00bb.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb korrigjuar k\u00ebt\u00eb dukje t\u00eb ngadalshme t\u00eb xterm, Diki propozon p\u00ebrdorimin e burimit fastScroll<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili lejon xterm t\u00eb heq\u00eb disa p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime t\u00eb ekranit p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos ngecur pas rrjedh\u00ebs. Testet e mia konfirmojn\u00eb se fastScroll rrit performanc\u00ebn dhe e \u00e7on xterm n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn nivel me rxvt. Megjithat\u00eb, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rregullim mjaft i ashp\u00ebr, si\u00e7 e shpjegon vet\u00eb Diki: \u00abndonj\u00ebher\u00eb xterm \u2014 ashtu si dhe konsole \u2014 duket se ndalon, pasi ai pret nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb ri p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimesh t\u00eb ekranit pasi disa prej tyre jan\u00eb hequr\u00bb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje, duket se terminalet e tjera kan\u00eb gjetur nj\u00eb kompromis t\u00eb mir\u00eb mes shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe integritetit t\u00eb ekranit.<\/p>\n
Konsumimi i resurseve<\/h4>\n
\nPavar\u00ebsisht nga p\u00ebrshtatshm\u00ebria p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e skrollimit si nj\u00eb tregues t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs, ky test mund\u00ebson simtimin e ngarkes\u00ebs n\u00eb terminalet, q\u00eb nga ana tjet\u00ebr na lejon t\u00eb masim parametra t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, si p\u00ebrdorimi i memories ose diskut. Metrikat u mor\u00ebn duke ekzekutuar testin e specifikuar seq<\/b> n\u00ebn monitorimin e procesit Python. Ai mbledh t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e num\u00ebruesve getrusage ()<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr ru_maxrss<\/b>, shum\u00ebn ru_oublock<\/b> dhe ru_inblock<\/b> dhe nj\u00eb orar t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb t\u00eb koh\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n
\nN\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb test, ST z\u00eb vendin e par\u00eb me konsumimin m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb memories, 8 MB, q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb befasi duke marr\u00eb parasysh se q\u00ebllimi kryesor i projektit \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht\u00ebsia. Pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb konsumojn\u00eb mlterm, xterm dhe rxvt \u2014 rreth 12 MB. Nj\u00eb rezultat tjet\u00ebr i duksh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb Alacritty, e cila k\u00ebrkon 30 MB p\u00ebr t\u00eb funksionuar. M\u00eb pas vijn\u00eb terminalet e familjes VTE me treguesit nga 40 n\u00eb 60 MB, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft shum\u00eb. Ky konsum mund t\u00eb shpjegohet me faktin se k\u00ebto terminale p\u00ebrdorin biblioteka m\u00eb t\u00eb avancuara, si GTK. Konsole mbyll list\u00ebn me nj\u00eb konsum kolosal prej 65 MB memorie gjat\u00eb testeve, megjithat\u00eb, kjo mund t\u00eb justifikohet me gam\u00ebn e gjer\u00eb t\u00eb funksioneve t\u00eb tij.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb krahasim me rezultatet e m\u00ebparshme, t\u00eb marra dhjet\u00eb vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, t\u00eb gjitha programet kan\u00eb filluar t\u00eb konsumojn\u00eb duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb shum\u00eb memorie. M\u00eb par\u00eb Xterm k\u00ebrkonte 4 MB, nd\u00ebrsa tani k\u00ebrkon 15 MB vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb nisur. Nj\u00eb rritje e ngjashme e konsumit ndodh edhe me rxvt, i cili tani k\u00ebrkon 16 MB nga kuti. Terminali Xfce z\u00eb 34 MB, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb tri her\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se m\u00eb par\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa GNOME Terminal k\u00ebrkon vet\u00ebm 20 MB. Sigurisht, t\u00eb gjitha testet e m\u00ebparshme jan\u00eb kryer n\u00eb arkitektur\u00eb 32-bit. N\u00eb LCA 2012, Rasti Russel. narrativ<\/a><\/noindex>, q\u00eb ekzistojn\u00eb shum\u00eb arsye m\u00eb t\u00eb thella, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb shpjegojn\u00eb rritjen e konsumit t\u00eb memory. Me gjith\u00eb k\u00ebto, ne tani jetojm\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00eb kur kemi t\u00ebr\u00eb gigabait memories, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb do ta kalojm\u00eb nga ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, nuk mund t\u00eb m\u00eb largohet ndjenja se caktimi i m\u00eb shum\u00eb memories p\u00ebr nj\u00eb softuer kaq themelor si terminali, \u00ebsht\u00eb humbje e burimeve. K\u00ebto programe duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb voglat nga m\u00eb t\u00eb vegjlit, duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do \"kutis\u00eb\", madje edhe n\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebpuc\u00ebve, n\u00ebse ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb q\u00eb t'i pajisim me sisteme Linux (dhe ju e dini se k\u00ebshtu do t\u00eb jet\u00eb). Por me k\u00ebto shifra, p\u00ebrdorimi i memory do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb problem n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen n\u00eb \u00e7do mjedis kur hapen disa terminale, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 situatave me disa nga m\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00ebt dhe me kapacitete t\u00eb kufizuara. P\u00ebr ta kompensuar k\u00ebt\u00eb, GNOME Terminal, Konsole, urxvt, Terminator dhe Xfce Terminal kan\u00eb nj\u00eb mod t\u00eb Demon-it, i cili lejon menaxhimin e disa terminaleve n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb procesi t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, duke kufizuar konsumimin e tyre t\u00eb memories.<\/p>\n
\"P\u00ebrmbledhja
\n
\nGjat\u00eb testeve t\u00eb mia kam arritur n\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb papritur n\u00eb lidhje me leximin dhe shkrimin n\u00eb disk: prisja t\u00eb mos shihja asgj\u00eb k\u00ebtu, por doli se disa terminale regjistrojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb disk. Pra, biblioteka VTE n\u00eb fakt mban n\u00eb disk nj\u00eb buf\u00ebr skrollimi (kjo karakteristik\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrejtur q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2010<\/a><\/noindex>, dhe kjo ndodh ende). Por ndryshe nga realizimet e vjetrat, tani, s\u00eb paku, k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna jan\u00eb t\u00eb koduara me AES256 GCM (nga versioni 0.39.2<\/a><\/noindex>). Por lind nj\u00eb pyetje e arsyeshme, \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb kaq e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb bibliotek\u00ebn VTE, saq\u00eb k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb qasje kaq jo standarte n\u00eb implementim\u2026<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrfundim<\/h4>\n
\nN\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb artikullit, ne zbuluam se terminalet e bazuara n\u00eb VTE kan\u00eb nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb mir\u00eb funksionesh, por tani ne shohim se kjo lidhet me disa shpenzime p\u00ebr sigurimin e performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre. Tani memoria nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb problem, sepse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb terminalet VTE mund t\u00eb menaxhohen p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb procesi Daemon, i cili kufizon apetitin e tyre. Megjithat\u00eb, sistemet e vjetra, q\u00eb kan\u00eb kufizime fizike p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket sasis\u00eb s\u00eb memories operative dhe buf\u00ebs s\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs, mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb ende nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr versione m\u00eb t\u00eb hershme t\u00eb terminaleve, sepse ato konsumojn\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm m\u00eb pak burime. Megjithat\u00eb, terminalet VTE kan\u00eb treguar performanc\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb testet e kapacitetit (skrollimi), por vonesa e shfaqjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb ekran \u00ebsht\u00eb mbi pragun e vendosur n\u00eb udh\u00ebzuesin e p\u00ebrdoruesit GNOME. Ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb q\u00eb zhvilluesit e VTE duhet ta ken\u00eb parasysh k\u00ebt\u00eb. N\u00ebse merret parasysh se edhe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit fillestar\u00eb t\u00eb Linux-it, p\u00ebrballja me terminalin \u00ebsht\u00eb e pashmangshme, ata mund ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00eb miq\u00ebsor p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit. P\u00ebr geek-at e avancuar, kalimi nga terminali i paracaktuar mund t\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptoj\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb ulje t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs n\u00eb sy dhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur d\u00ebmtimet dhe s\u00ebmundjet profesionale n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb sesioneve t\u00eb gjata t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, vet\u00ebm xterm dhe mlterm t\u00eb vjetra na \u00e7ojn\u00eb te pragu magjik i ping-ut prej 10 milisekondash, q\u00eb p\u00ebr shum\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e papranueshme.<\/p>\n
Masa e kontrollit gjithashtu tregoi se zhvillimi i mjediseve grafike t\u00eb Linux-it ka detyruar zhvilluesit t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb disa kompromise. Disa p\u00ebrdorues duhet t\u00eb shikojn\u00eb menaxher\u00ebt e zakonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb dritareve, pasi ata ofrojn\u00eb nj\u00eb ulje t\u00eb dukshme t\u00eb pingut. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, p\u00ebr Wayland nuk arrita t\u00eb mat vones\u00ebn: programi Typometer, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorja, ishte krijuar p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb Wayland \u00ebsht\u00eb projektuar t\u00eb parandaloj\u00eb \u2014 spiunimin e dritareve t\u00eb tjera. Shpresoj q\u00eb kompozimi i Wayland t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb i efektsh\u00ebm se ai i X.org, dhe gjithashtu shpresoj se n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen dikush do t\u00eb gjej\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar nivelin e vones\u00ebs n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mjedis.
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e translate-\u0431\u044e\u0440\u043e: \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0438 \u043c\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u041d\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435, \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 2018 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430: \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043c \u00ab\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u00bb, \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0448 \u0432\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":27911,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37222","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47P\u00ebrmbledhje e emulatoreve t\u00eb terminalit | ProHoster","description":"Disa fjal\u00eb nga zyra jon\u00eb e p\u00ebrkthimit: zakonisht t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthejn\u00eb materialet dhe publikimet m\u00eb t\u00eb fresk\u00ebta, dhe ne nuk jemi p\u00ebrjashtim. Por terminalet nuk jan\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet \u00e7do jav\u00eb.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/obzor-emulyatorov-terminala","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sq_AL","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440 \u044d\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e translate-\u0431\u044e\u0440\u043e: \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0438 \u043c\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u041d\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/obzor-emulyatorov-terminala","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T19:16:26+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T19:16:26+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"37222","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-23 16:48:19","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 01:31:24","updated":"2026-01-23 16:48:19","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37222","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37222"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37222\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37222"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37222"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}