{"id":37222,"date":"2019-10-31T22:16:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:16:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/obzor-emulyatorov-terminala\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:16:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:16:26","slug":"obzor-emulyatorov-terminala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/obzor-emulyatorov-terminala","title":{"rendered":"Rishikimi i emulator\u00ebve t\u00eb terminalit","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb nga zyra jon\u00eb e p\u00ebrkthimit: zakonisht t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthejn\u00eb materialet dhe publikimet m\u00eb t\u00eb reja, dhe ne nuk jemi p\u00ebrjashtim. Por terminalet nuk jan\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet \u00e7do jav\u00eb. Prandaj, ne p\u00ebrktheu p\u00ebr ju artikullin e Antuan Bopre, botuar pranver\u00ebn e vitit 2018: p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr mosh\u00ebs s\u00eb konsiderueshme sipas standardeve moderne, sipas mendimit ton\u00eb, materiali nuk ka humbur aspak aktualitetin. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, n\u00eb origjinal kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb seri dy artikujsh, por ne vendos\u00ebm t'i bashkojm\u00eb ata n\u00eb nj\u00eb postim t\u00eb madh.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"Rishikimi
\n
\nTerminalet kan\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e kompjuter\u00ebve, por n\u00eb dekadat e fundit ato jan\u00eb \"detyruar\" t\u00eb mbijetojn\u00eb s\u00eb bashku me komand\u00ebn e linj\u00ebs p\u00ebrball\u00eb p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb gjer\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrfuqeve grafike. Emuluesit e terminaleve<\/a><\/noindex> z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuan ata t\u00eb tyre fizik\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, nga ana e tyre, ishin modifikime t\u00eb sistemeve me karta perforuese dhe tumblers. Distrot moderne vijn\u00eb me nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb emuluesish terminali t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha formave dhe ngjyrave. Dhe nd\u00ebrsa shum\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur me terminalin standard q\u00eb ofrohet nga ambienti i tyre t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, disa me krenari p\u00ebrdorin softuer t\u00eb hapur q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ndri\u00e7ues p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb shell-in e tyre t\u00eb preferuar ose redaktuesin e tekstit. Por, si do ta shohim n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull, jo t\u00eb gjith\u00eb terminalet jan\u00eb krijuar n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn m\u00ebnyr\u00eb: ato ndryshojn\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb funksionalitet, madh\u00ebsi dhe performanc\u00eb.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Disa terminale kan\u00eb ndisa vrima t\u00eb habitshme n\u00eb siguri, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, shumica kan\u00eb nj\u00eb grup t\u00ebr\u00ebsor funksionesh, nga mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrfaqen me skeda deri te skriptet. Megjithat\u00eb, ne e kemi shqyrtuar emuluesit e terminaleve n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn e larg\u00ebt<\/a><\/noindex>, ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb azhurnim i materialeve t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme q\u00eb do t'u ndihmoj\u00eb lexuesve t\u00eb vendosin se cili terminal t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin n\u00eb vitin 2018. N\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb artikullit krahasohen funksionalitetet, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb vler\u00ebsohet performanca.<\/p>\n

Ja terminalet q\u00eb shqyrtova:<\/p>\n

\"Rishikimi
\n
\nNdoshta ato nuk jan\u00eb versionet m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit, pasi un\u00eb u kufizova n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimet stabile n\u00eb momentin e shkrimit t\u00eb materialit, t\u00eb cilat pata mund\u00ebsi t'i instaloj n\u00eb Debian 9 ose Fedora 27. Pjesa e vetme p\u00ebrjashtuese \u00ebsht\u00eb Alacritty. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb pasardh\u00ebse e terminaleve me GPU t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb pazakonshme dhe t\u00eb re p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb detyr\u00eb \u2014 Rust. E kam p\u00ebrjashtuar nga shqyrtimi im terminalet n\u00eb internet (p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ato n\u00eb Electron<\/a><\/noindex>), pasi testet preliminare treguan performanc\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

Mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr unicode<\/h4>\n

\nTestet e mia filluan me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr unicode. Testi i par\u00eb i terminaleve ishte shfaqja e k\u00ebtyre karaktereve unicode nga artikulli n\u00eb Wikipedi<\/a><\/noindex>: \"\u00e9, \u0394, \u0419, \u05e7, \u0645, \u0e57, \u3042, \u53f6, \u8449 dhe \ub9d0\". Ky test i thjesht\u00eb tregon n\u00ebse terminali mund t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb si\u00e7 duhet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn. Terminali xterm nuk shfaq simbolin arab Mem<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb konfigurimin e paracaktuar:<\/p>\n

\"Rishikimi
\n
\nSipas default, xterm p\u00ebrdor fontin klasik \"t\u00eb ngurt\u00eb\", i cili, sipas po ashtu Wikis<\/a><\/noindex>, ka \"mbulim t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb unicode q\u00eb nga viti 1997\". N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb font ndodh di\u00e7ka q\u00eb e b\u00ebn simbolin t\u00eb shfaqet si nj\u00eb kuti bosh dhe vet\u00ebm kur rritet madh\u00ebsia e tekstit n\u00eb 20+ pik\u00eb, simboli fillon t\u00eb shfaqet si\u00e7 duhet. Megjithat\u00eb, ky \"fix\" prish shfaqjen e simboleve t\u00eb tjera unicode:<\/p>\n

\"Rishikimi
\n
\nK\u00ebto screenshot u b\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb Fedora 27, pasi kjo ofroi rezultatet m\u00eb t\u00eb mira, duke qen\u00eb se Debian 9 kishte disa versione t\u00eb vjetra t\u00eb terminaleve (n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti \u2014 mlterm) q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb funksiononin si\u00e7 duhet me fontet. Fatmir\u00ebsisht, kjo u rregullua n\u00eb versionet m\u00eb t\u00eb reja.<\/p>\n

Tani t\u00eb kthehemi n\u00eb shfaqjen e vargut n\u00eb xterm. Me sa duket, simboli Mem dhe ai q\u00eb e ndjek Semitic Qoph<\/a><\/noindex> i p\u00ebrkasin skenar\u00ebve t\u00eb tiparizimit RTL (right-to-left<\/a><\/noindex>), prandaj teknikisht ata duhet t\u00eb shfaqen nga e drejta n\u00eb t\u00eb majt\u00eb. Shfletuesit e internetit, p\u00ebr shembull Firefox 57, e trajtojn\u00eb si\u00e7 duhet vargun e m\u00ebsip\u00ebrm. Nj\u00eb variant m\u00eb i thjesht\u00eb i tekstit RTL \u00ebsht\u00eb fjal\u00eb \"Sara<\/a><\/noindex>\" n\u00eb hebraisht (\u05e9\u05e8\u05d4<\/a><\/noindex>). Faqja Wiki mbi tekstet bidireksionale<\/a><\/noindex> thot\u00eb si vijon:<\/p>\n

\"Shum\u00eb programe kompjuterike nuk mund t\u00eb shfaqin si\u00e7 duhet tekstin bidirekht. P\u00ebr shembull, emri hebre \"Sara\" p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga simbolet sin (\u05e9) (i cili shfaqet nga e djathta), pastaj resh (\u05e8) dhe, n\u00eb fund, he (\u05d4) (i cili duhet t\u00eb shfaqet nga e majta).\"<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nShum\u00eb terminale nuk kalojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb test: Alacritty, terminalet e derivuara VTE Gnome dhe XFCE, urxvt, st dhe xterm shfaqin \"Sara\" n\u00eb rend t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt, sikur ta shkruan emrin si \"Aras\".<\/p>\n

\"Rishikimi
\n
\nNj\u00eb problem tjet\u00ebr i teksteve dyansh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb se ato duhet t\u00eb rregullohen ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00ebse b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrzierjen e teksteve RTL dhe LTR. Skenar\u00ebt RTL duhet t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb nga e djathta e dritares s\u00eb terminalit, por \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb p\u00ebr terminalet q\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb si standard me anglishten LTR? Shumica prej tyre nuk kan\u00eb mekanizma t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dhe rregullojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb tekstin n\u00eb an\u00ebn e majt\u00eb (p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe n\u00eb Konsole). P\u00ebrjashtim nga kjo jan\u00eb pterm dhe mlterm, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrputhen me standardet dhe rregullojn\u00eb k\u00ebto rreshta n\u00eb an\u00ebn e djatht\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"Rishikimi
\n<\/p>\n

Mbrojtja nga ngjitja<\/h4>\n

\nKarakteristika tjet\u00ebr kritike q\u00eb e kam identifikuar \u00ebsht\u00eb mbrojtja nga ngjitja. Edhe pse \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur gjer\u00ebsisht q\u00eb komanda:<\/p>\n

$ curl http:\/\/example.com\/ | sh<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb komand\u00eb push p\u00ebr ekzekutimin e kodit, shum\u00eb pak njer\u00ebz e din\u00eb se komandat e fshehura mund t\u00eb dep\u00ebrtojn\u00eb n\u00eb konsol\u00eb kur ngjiten nga shfletuesi, edhe pas nj\u00eb shqyrtimi t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm. Faqja e verifikimit t\u00eb Jan Horner<\/a><\/noindex> tregon shk\u00eblqyesh\u00ebm se si komand\u00eb q\u00eb duket e pafajshme:<\/p>\n
git clone git:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/utils\/kup\/kup.git<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nkthehet kur ngjitet nga faqja e Horner n\u00eb terminal n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb problem t\u00eb pak\u00ebndsh\u00ebm:<\/p>\n
git clone \/dev\/null;\n    clear;\n\techo -n \"Hello \";\n\twhoami|tr -d 'n';\n\techo -e '!nIshte nj\u00eb ide e keqe. Mos kopjoni kod nga faqe q\u00eb nuk besoni! \n\tJa rreshti i par\u00eb i \/etc\/passwd: ';\n\thead -n1 \/etc\/passwd\n\tgit clone git:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/utils\/kup\/kup.git<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nSi funksionon kjo? Kodi i d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb bllok <\/b>, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvendosur nga fusha e shikimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit me mjete CSS.<\/p>\n
Regjimi i Ngjitjes me Kllapa<\/a><\/noindex> kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb shprehimisht e destinuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb neutralizuar k\u00ebto sulme. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, terminalet e mbyllin tekstin e ngjitur n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7ift t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb sekuencave escape, p\u00ebr t'i informuar shell-in p\u00ebr origjin\u00ebn e k\u00ebtij teksti. K\u00ebshtu shell-i merr sinjalin se mund t\u00eb injoroj\u00eb simbolet speciale q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbaj\u00eb teksti i ngjitur. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb terminalet, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb xterm-in e nderuar, mb\u00ebshtesin k\u00ebt\u00eb funksion, por ngjitja n\u00eb Regjimin e Kllapave ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje nga shell-i ose aplikacioni i ekzekutuar n\u00eb terminal. P\u00ebr shembull, softueri q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor GNU Readline<\/a><\/noindex> (edhe Bash), ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr skedarin ~\/.inputrc<\/b>:<\/p>\n
set enable-bracketed-paste on<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nFatkeq\u00ebsisht, faqja e testit e Horner-it gjithashtu tregon se si t\u00eb kalosh k\u00ebt\u00eb mbrojtje p\u00ebrmes formatimit t\u00eb tekstit dhe p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb parakohsh\u00ebm t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb Regjimit t\u00eb Kllapave. Kjo funksionon, sepse disa terminale filtrojn\u00eb gabimisht sekuencat escape p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb shtojn\u00eb t\u00eb kuptueshme t\u00eb tyren. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb t\u00eb miat asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk kam arritur t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundoj suksesisht testet n\u00eb Konsole edhe duke marr\u00eb parasysh konfigurimin e sakt\u00eb .inputrc<\/b> t\u00eb skedarit. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se mund t\u00eb keni leht\u00eb d\u00ebmtime n\u00eb konfigurimin e sistemit p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nj\u00eb aplikacioni t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm ose shell-i t\u00eb keqkonfiguruar. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e rrezikshme kur hyni n\u00eb servera t\u00eb larg\u00ebt, ku nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpunim i kujdessh\u00ebm i konfigurimit ndodh m\u00eb rrall\u00eb, sidomos n\u00ebse keni shum\u00eb nga k\u00ebto makina t\u00eb larg\u00ebta.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb zgjidhje e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb problem \u00ebsht\u00eb plugu i konfirmimit t\u00eb ngjitjes p\u00ebr terminalin urxvt<\/b>, i cili thjesht k\u00ebrkon leje p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngjitur \u00e7do tekst q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban n\u00eb t\u00eb rruaza t\u00eb reja. Nuk kam gjetur nj\u00eb version m\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt p\u00ebr sulmin tekstual t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar nga Horner.<\/p>\n
Tabulat dhe profilet<\/h4>\n
\nNj\u00eb funksion tani t\u00eb njohur \u00ebsht\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje e nd\u00ebrfaqes me tabula, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn do ta p\u00ebrcaktosh si nj\u00eb dritare terminali q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban disa terminale t\u00eb tjera. P\u00ebr terminale t\u00eb ndryshme, ky funksion ndryshon, dhe ndon\u00ebse terminalet tradicionale si xterm nuk mb\u00ebshtesin fare tabulat, inkarnacione m\u00eb moderne t\u00eb terminalit si Xfce Terminal, GNOME Terminal dhe Konsole e kan\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb funksion. Po ashtu, mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr tabulat ka edhe Urxvt, por vet\u00ebm n\u00ebse p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb plugin. Por nga pik\u00ebpamja e mb\u00ebshtetjes s\u00eb tabave, q\u00eb stili si q\u00ebndron, istori i padiskutuesh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb Terminator: ai jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet tabulat, por gjithashtu mund t\u00eb vendos\u00eb terminalet n\u00eb rendin sipas d\u00ebshires (shih imazhin m\u00eb posht\u00eb).<\/p>\n
\"Rishikimi
\n
\nNj\u00eb ve\u00e7ori tjet\u00ebr e Terminator \u00ebsht\u00eb mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr \"t\u00eb grupuar\" k\u00ebto tabula s\u00eb bashku dhe t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat shtypje \u00e7el\u00ebsi n\u00eb disa terminale n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, duke siguruar nj\u00eb mjet t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ekzekutuar operacione masive n\u00eb disa servera n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb. Nj\u00eb funksion i ngjash\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu i implementuar n\u00eb Konsole. P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur k\u00ebt\u00eb funksion n\u00eb terminale t\u00eb tjera, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00ebsh softuer t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, t\u00eb till\u00eb si Cluster SSH<\/a><\/noindex>, xlax<\/a><\/noindex> ose tmux<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
Ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht, skedat fonctionojn\u00eb shum\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me profil\u00ebt: p\u00ebr shembull, mund t\u00eb keni nj\u00eb sked\u00eb p\u00ebr email, nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr bised\u00eb dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb. Kjo mb\u00ebshtetet mir\u00eb nga terminali Konsole dhe GNOME Terminal. T\u00eb dy lejojn\u00eb q\u00eb \u00e7do sked\u00eb t\u00eb niset automatikisht me profilin e saj. Terminator gjithashtu mb\u00ebshtet profil\u00ebt, por nuk kam arritur t\u00eb gjej nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb nisur automatikisht programe t\u00eb caktuara kur hap nj\u00eb sked\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar. Terminalet e tjera nuk kan\u00eb fare konceptin e \"profilit\".<\/p>\n
Ruzhe<\/h4>\n
\nGj\u00ebja e fundit q\u00eb do t\u00eb shqyrtoj n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb artikullit \u00ebsht\u00eb pamja e terminaleve. P\u00ebr shembull, GNOME, Xfce dhe urxvt mb\u00ebshtesin transparenc\u00ebn, por s\u00eb fundmi ata kan\u00eb ndaluar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr imazhet e prapme, gj\u00eb q\u00eb ka detyruar disa p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb n\u00eb terminalin Tilix<\/a><\/noindex>. Personalisht, jam mjaft i k\u00ebnaqur dhe mjaft Xresources<\/b>, i cili vendos nj\u00eb grup bazik ngjyrash p\u00ebr sfondin p\u00ebr urxvt. Megjithat\u00eb, temat e ngjyrave jo standarde mund t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb gjithashtu probleme. P\u00ebr shembull, Solarized<\/a><\/noindex> nuk funksionon<\/a><\/noindex> me aplikacionet htop<\/a><\/noindex> dhe IPTraf<\/a><\/noindex>, pasi ata tashm\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin ngjyrat e tyre t\u00eb veta.<\/p>\n
Terminali origjinal VT100<\/a><\/noindex> nuk mb\u00ebshteste ngjyrat, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb rejat shpesh kufizoheshin n\u00eb nj\u00eb palet\u00eb 256-ngjyrash. P\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e avancuar, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt personalizojn\u00eb terminalet e tyre, k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr shell ose vijat e statusit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra komplekse mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhen nj\u00eb kufizim shqet\u00ebsues. Gist<\/a><\/noindex> ndjek se cilat terminale kan\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr \"True Color\". Testet e mia konfirmojn\u00eb se st, Alacritty dhe terminalet e bazuara n\u00eb VTE mb\u00ebshtesin perfekt True Color. Terminalet e tjera n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast nuk performojn\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe n\u00eb fakt nuk shfaqin as 256 ngjyra. M\u00eb posht\u00eb mund t\u00eb shihni diferenc\u00ebn midis mb\u00ebshtetjes True Color n\u00eb terminalet GNOME, st dhe xterm, t\u00eb cilat performojn\u00eb mir\u00eb me palet\u00ebn e tyre 256-ngjyrash, dhe urxvt, i cili jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb nuk kalon testin, por madje shfaq disa simbole q\u00eb dridhen n\u00eb vend t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n
\"Rishikimi
\n
\nDisa terminale gjithashtu analizojn\u00eb tekstin p\u00ebr modele URL-sh, p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb lidhjet klikueshme. Kjo i p\u00ebrket t\u00eb gjitha terminaleve t\u00eb d\u00e9rivuar nga VTE, nd\u00ebrsa urxvt k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb modul t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb transformonte URL-t\u00eb me klikim ose me nj\u00eb kombinim tastesh. Terminalet e tjera q\u00eb kam testuar shfaqin URL-t\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n
Finalmente, nj\u00eb trend i ri n\u00eb terminale \u00ebsht\u00eb opzioni p\u00ebr mbushjen e ri. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb st nuk ka mbushje t\u00eb ri; supozohet q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesi do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb nj\u00eb shum\u00eb-p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb terminalit, si tmux dhe GNU Screen<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb Alacritty gjithashtu nuk ka mbushje t\u00eb rikthimit, por mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr t\u00eb do t\u00eb shtohet s\u00eb shpejti<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb \"feedback-it t\u00eb gjer\u00eb\" mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb tem\u00eb nga p\u00ebrdoruesit. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebtyre rasteve, \u00e7do terminal tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb kam testuar mb\u00ebshtet rikthimin.<\/p>\n
Shkurtimisht<\/h4>\n
\nN\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb materialit (n\u00eb origjin\u00eb ishin dy artikuj t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm, \u2014 sh\u00ebn. red.<\/i>) ne do t\u00eb krahasojm\u00eb performanc\u00ebn, p\u00ebrdorimin e memories dhe vones\u00ebn. Por tashm\u00eb shohim se disa nga terminalet e shqyrtuara kan\u00eb mang\u00ebsi t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme. P\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebrdoruesit q\u00eb punojn\u00eb rregullisht me skripte RTL mund t\u00eb v\u00ebrejn\u00eb mlterm dhe pterm, pasi ata i p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb k\u00ebto detyra m\u00eb mir\u00eb se t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt. Konsole gjithashtu ka treguar performanc\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb. P\u00ebrdoruesit q\u00eb nuk punojn\u00eb me skripte RTL mund t\u00eb zgjedhin ndonj\u00eb gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n
Nga perspektiva e siguris\u00eb ndaj ngjyrave t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme, urxvt dallohet p\u00ebr implementimin e tij t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb mbrojtjes nga k\u00ebt\u00eb lloj sulmi, q\u00eb m\u00eb duket gjithsesi e dobishme. Ata q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb ndonj\u00eb luks mund t\u00eb shikojn\u00eb Konsole. S\u00eb fundmi, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb theksohet se VTE \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb baz\u00eb e shk\u00eblqyer p\u00ebr terminale, q\u00eb siguron mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr ngjyrat, njohjen e URL-ve dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb. N\u00eb pamje t\u00eb par\u00eb, terminali default q\u00eb vjen me ambientin tuaj t\u00eb preferuar mund t\u00eb plot\u00ebsoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebrkesat, por do ta mbajm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pyetje t\u00eb hapur derisa t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb performanc\u00ebn.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
T\u00eb vazhdojm\u00eb diskutimin<\/h4>\n
<\/i>
\nN\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi, performanca e terminaleve mund t\u00eb duket nj\u00eb problem i tepruar, megjithat\u00eb, si\u00e7 del, disa prej tyre tregojn\u00eb vonesa befasuese p\u00ebr nj\u00eb software t\u00eb till\u00eb bazik. Gjithashtu do t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb tradicionalisht quhet \"shpejt\u00ebsi\" (n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsia e skrollimit) dhe konsumimi i memories nga terminali (duke pasur parasysh se sot kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aq kritike sa ka qen\u00eb disa dekada m\u00eb par\u00eb).<\/p>\n
Vonesa<\/h4>\n
\nPas nj\u00eb shqyrtimi t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb terminaleve, kam arritur n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se parametri m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt \u00ebsht\u00eb madh\u00ebsia e vones\u00ebs (ping). N\u00eb artikullin tim \"Shkruaj me k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi\"<\/a><\/noindex> Pavel Fatin shqyrtoi vonesat e redaktor\u00ebve t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm t\u00eb teksteve dhe sugjeroi se terminalet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim mund t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb m\u00eb ngadal\u00eb se redaktuesit m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb teksteve. Ky sugjerim m\u00eb \u00e7oi n\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb kryerjen e testeve t\u00eb mia dhe shkruan k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull.<\/p>\n
Por \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vonesa, dhe pse \u00ebsht\u00eb kaq e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme? N\u00eb artikullin e tij, Fatin e p\u00ebrcakton at\u00eb si \"vonese midis shtypjes s\u00eb tastit dhe azhurnimit p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs t\u00eb ekranit\" dhe citon \"Manualin e nd\u00ebrveprimit njeri-kompjuter\"<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili thot\u00eb: \"Vonesa n\u00eb kthimin vizual n\u00eb ekranin e kompjuterit ka nj\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb sjelljen e p\u00ebrdoruesit dhe k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij.\"<\/p>\n
Fatin shpjegon se nj\u00eb vones\u00eb e till\u00eb ka pasoja m\u00eb t\u00eb thella, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 thjesht k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsis\u00eb: \"shkrimi b\u00ebhet m\u00eb i ngadalt\u00eb, ndodhin m\u00eb shum\u00eb gabime, tensioni i syve dhe muskujve rritet.\" Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, nj\u00eb vones\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb gabime shtypi, po ashtu dhe n\u00eb uljen e cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb kodit, sepse shkakton nj\u00eb ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb shtuar kognitive n\u00eb tru. Por \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe m\u00eb keq, vonesa \"rrit tensionin e syve dhe muskujve\", q\u00eb duket se n\u00ebnkupton shkaktimin e d\u00ebmtimeve profesionale<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen (duke pasur parasysh se autori ka n\u00eb mendje problemet me muskujt e syve, shpin\u00eb, duar dhe, sigurisht, shikimin, - sh\u00ebnim i redaktorit.<\/i>) p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb tensionit t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur.<\/p>\n
Disa nga k\u00ebto efekte njihen prej koh\u00ebsh, dhe rezultatet hulumtimit<\/a><\/noindex>, t\u00eb publikuara q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1976 n\u00eb revist\u00ebn Ergonomics, tregojn\u00eb se vonesa prej 100 milisekondash \"p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebson ndjesh\u00ebm shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e shkrimit\". S\u00eb fundmi, n\u00eb manualin e p\u00ebrdoruesit GNOME \u00ebsht\u00eb futur nj\u00eb koh\u00eb e pranueshme reagimi<\/a><\/noindex> prej 10 milisekondash, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00ebse shkojm\u00eb m\u00eb tej, Microsoft Research<\/a><\/noindex> tregon se ideali \u00ebsht\u00eb 1 milisekond\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Fatin kryen testet e tij n\u00eb redaktor\u00ebt e teksteve; ai krijoi nj\u00eb mjet portativ t\u00eb quajtur Typometer<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili e p\u00ebrdora p\u00ebr t\u00eb testuar vones\u00ebn n\u00eb emulator\u00ebt e terminaleve. Kini parasysh se testi u krye n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb simuluese: n\u00eb realitet, ne duhet t\u00eb marrim parasysh dhe vones\u00ebn e hyrjes (tastiera, kontrolluesi USB etj.) dhe t\u00eb daljes (bufferi i kart\u00ebs grafike, monitori). Sipas Fatin, n\u00eb konfiguratat tipike ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 20 ms. N\u00ebse kemi pajisje lojtar\u00ebsh, mund t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel prej vet\u00ebm 3 milisekondash. Pasi kemi tashm\u00eb pajisje kaq t\u00eb shpejta, aplikacioni nuk duhet t\u00eb shtoj\u00eb nj\u00eb vones\u00eb. Q\u00ebllimi i Fatin \u00ebsht\u00eb ta ulim vones\u00ebn e aplikacionit n\u00eb 1 milisekond\u00eb, ose t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb pa vonese t\u00eb matshme<\/a><\/noindex>, si n\u00eb IntelliJ IDEA 15<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
Ja rezultatet e matjeve t\u00eb mia, si dhe disa rezultate t\u00eb Fatin p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar se eksperimentimi im \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me testet e tij:<\/p>\n
\"Rishikimi
\n
\nGjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb m\u00eb befasoi ishte koha m\u00eb e mir\u00eb e reagimit te programet e vjetra, si xterm dhe mlterm. Me nj\u00eb vones\u00eb t\u00eb keqe regjistrimi (2,4 ms), ato treguan rezultate m\u00eb t\u00eb mira se terminali m\u00eb i shpejt\u00eb modern (10,6 ms p\u00ebr st). Asnj\u00eb terminal modern nuk shkonte m\u00eb posht\u00eb pragu prej 10 milisekondash. N\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, Alacritty nuk i p\u00ebrmbush k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr \"terminalin m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb q\u00eb ekziston\", edhe pse rezultatet e tij jan\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar q\u00eb nga kontrolli i par\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2017. N\u00eb fakt, autor\u00ebt e projektit jan\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr situat\u00ebn<\/a><\/noindex> dhe po punojn\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e shfaqjes. Gjithashtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb theksohet se Vim, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor GTK3, \u00ebsht\u00eb duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb i ngadalt\u00eb se ai GTK2. Nga kjo mund t\u00eb konkludohet se GTK3 krijon nj\u00eb vones\u00eb shtes\u00eb, dhe kjo reflektohet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha terminalet e tjera q\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorin at\u00eb (Terminator, Xfce4 Terminal dhe GNOME Terminal).<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebr syrin dallimet mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb padukshme. Si\u00e7 shpjegon Fatin: \"nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb jesh i vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr ekzistenc\u00ebn e vones\u00ebs q\u00eb ajo t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb efekt mbi ty.\" Fatin gjithashtu paralajm\u00ebron p\u00ebr devijimin standard: \"\u00e7do nd\u00ebrhyrje n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e vones\u00ebs (dridhje) krijon nj\u00eb ngarkes\u00eb shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb paparashikueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb tyre.\"<\/p>\n
\"Rishikimi
\n
\nGrafiku m\u00eb sip\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb Debian 9 (stretch) t\u00eb past\u00ebr me menaxherin e dritareve i3.<\/a><\/noindex>. Ky mjedis tregon rezultatet m\u00eb t\u00eb mira n\u00eb testet p\u00ebr p\u00ebrcaktimin e vonesave. Si\u00e7 duket, GNOME shkakton nj\u00eb ping shtes\u00eb prej 20 ms p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha matjet. Nj\u00eb shpjegim i mundsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb pranija e programeve me p\u00ebrpunim sinkron t\u00eb ngjarjeve hyr\u00ebse. Fatin citon p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb rast Workrave<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili shton nj\u00eb vones\u00eb duke p\u00ebrpunuar t\u00eb gjitha ngjarjet hyr\u00ebse n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb sinkrone. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb, GNOME gjithashtu vjen me nj\u00eb menaxher dritare Mutter<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili krijon nj\u00eb nivel t\u00eb shtuar buferimi, q\u00eb ndikon n\u00eb ping dhe shton t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 8 milisekonda vones\u00eb.<\/p>\n
\"Rishikimi
\n<\/p>\n
Shpejt\u00ebsia e rrotullimit<\/h4>\n
\nTesti i ardhsh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kontroll tradicional i \"shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb\" ose \"gjer\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb brejtjes\", i cili mat se sa shpejt terminali mund t\u00eb rrokullis\u00eb nj\u00eb faqe, duke shfaqur nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe teksti n\u00eb ekran. Mekanika e testit variaton; testi origjinal p\u00ebrfshinte thjesht gjenerimin e t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebs varg teksti duke p\u00ebrdorur komand\u00ebn seq. Teste t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb provimin e Thomas E. Dick, ku p\u00ebrfshihet nj\u00eb xterm, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb cilit shkarkohet p\u00ebrs\u00ebritsh\u00ebm fajlli terminfo.src<\/a><\/noindex>. N\u00eb nj\u00eb shqyrtim t\u00eb tjet\u00ebr performance t\u00eb terminaleve, Den Liu<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb varg bytesh t\u00eb rast\u00ebsishme n\u00eb kodimin base32, i cili shfaqet n\u00eb terminal p\u00ebrmes cat. Liu e konsideron k\u00ebt\u00eb test \"n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aq hiperbolike t\u00eb padobishme sa \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur\" dhe sugjeron t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen e terminalit si treguesin kryesor. Dick gjithashtu e quajti testin e tij t\u00eb dyshimt\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, t\u00eb dy autor\u00ebt e pranojn\u00eb se gjer\u00ebsia e brejtjes s\u00eb dritares s\u00eb terminalit mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb problem. Liu vuri re q\u00eb Emacs Eshell ngec gjat\u00eb shfaqjes s\u00eb fajllave t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj, dhe Dick optimizoi terminalin p\u00ebr t\u00eb eleminuar ngadal\u00ebsin\u00eb vizuale t\u00eb xterm. Prandaj, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb test ka ende nj\u00eb far\u00eb sensi, por p\u00ebr shkak se procesi i renderingut ndikon ndjesh\u00ebm nga terminali n\u00eb terminal, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret gjithashtu si nj\u00eb komponent testi p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontrolluar parametra t\u00eb tjer\u00eb.<\/p>\n
\"Rishikimi
\n
\nK\u00ebtu shohim se rxvt dhe st dalin p\u00ebrpara n\u00eb krahasim me konkurrenc\u00ebn, pasuar nga Alacritty, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar me fokus n\u00eb performanc\u00eb. M\u00eb pas vijn\u00eb Xfce (familja VTE) dhe Konsole, t\u00eb cilat funksionojn\u00eb pothuajse dyfish m\u00eb shpejt. I fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb xterm, me nj\u00eb tregues pes\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ngadalt\u00eb se rxvt. Gjat\u00eb testit, xterm gjithashtu pati shum\u00eb shk\u00eblqime, duke b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ishte e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb dallohej teksti q\u00eb kalonte, edhe n\u00ebse ishte e nj\u00ebjta linj\u00eb. Konsole rezultoi t\u00eb ishte i shpejt\u00eb, por nganj\u00ebher\u00eb \"g\u00ebnjente\": ekrani nganj\u00ebher\u00eb ngec, duke shfaqur tekstin pjes\u00ebrisht ose duke mos e shfaqur fare. Terminalet e tjera shfaqin linjat qart\u00eb, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb st, Alacritty dhe rxvt.<\/p>\n
Dick shpjegon se dallimet n\u00eb performanc\u00eb lidhen me dizajnin e bufferave t\u00eb rrokullisjes n\u00eb terminale t\u00eb ndryshme. N\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, ai akuzon rxvt dhe terminalet e tjera p\u00ebr \"mos ndjekjen e rregullave t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme\":<\/p>\n
\"Ndryshe nga xterm, rxvt nuk p\u00ebrpiqej t\u00eb shfaqte t\u00eb gjitha p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimet. N\u00ebse ndalonte, do t\u00eb ndalonte disa p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime p\u00ebr t'u rikthyer n\u00eb koh\u00eb. Kjo kishte nj\u00eb ndikim m\u00eb t\u00eb madh n\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e rrokullisjes sesa n\u00eb organizimin e memories s\u00eb brendshme. Nj\u00eb dob\u00ebsi ishte se animacioni ASCII ishte disi i pasakt\u00eb.\"<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb korrigjuar k\u00ebt\u00eb dukje t\u00eb ngadal\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb xterm, Dick sugjeron p\u00ebrdorimin e burimit fastScroll<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili lejon xterm t\u00eb heq\u00eb disa p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime t\u00eb ekranit p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos u prapa nga fluksi. Testet e mia konfirmojn\u00eb se fastScroll rrit performanc\u00ebn dhe e b\u00ebn xterm t\u00eb krahasuesh\u00ebm me rxvt. Megjithat\u00eb, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjidhje mjaft e pap\u00ebrpunuar, si\u00e7 shpjegon vet\u00eb Dick: \"n\u00eb disa raste xterm \u2014 si dhe konsole \u2014 duket se ndalonte, pasi pret nj\u00eb set t\u00eb ri p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimesh t\u00eb ekranit pasi disa nga ato jan\u00eb hequr.\" N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim, duket se terminalet e tjera kan\u00eb gjetur kompromisin optimal midis shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe integritetit t\u00eb ekranit.<\/p>\n
Konsumimi i burimeve<\/h4>\n
\nPavar\u00ebsisht nga dobia e shqyrtimit t\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb rrokullisjes si nj\u00eb tregues performanc\u00eb, ky test lejon p\u00ebrshkaktimin e ngarkesave n\u00eb terminale, duke na mund\u00ebsuar t\u00eb matim parametra t\u00eb tjer\u00eb si p\u00ebrdorimi i memories ose i diskut. Metrit jan\u00eb arritur duke ekzekutuar testin e caktuar seq<\/b> n\u00eb mbik\u00ebqyrje t\u00eb procesit Python. Ai grumbulloi t\u00eb dh\u00ebna p\u00ebr numrat e caktuar getrusage ()<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr ru_maxrss<\/b>, shum\u00ebn ru_oublock<\/b> dhe ru_inblock<\/b> dhe nj\u00eb thjesht timer t\u00eb koh\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
\"Rishikimi
\n
\nN\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb test, ST z\u00eb vendin e par\u00eb me v\u00ebllimin m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt mesatar t\u00eb memories s\u00eb konsumuar n\u00eb 8 MB, gj\u00eb q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb befasi, n\u00ebse merren parasysh se ideja kryesore e projektit \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht\u00ebsia. Pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb konsumon mlterm, xterm dhe rxvt \u2014 rreth 12 MB. Nj\u00eb rezultat tjet\u00ebr dometh\u00ebn\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb Alacritty, i cili k\u00ebrkon 30 MB p\u00ebr t\u00eb funksionuar. M\u00eb pas vijn\u00eb terminalet e familjes VTE me tregues nga 40 n\u00eb 60 MB, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e lart\u00eb. Nj\u00eb konsum i till\u00eb mund t\u00eb shpjegohet nga fakti se k\u00ebto terminale p\u00ebrdorin biblioteka t\u00eb nivelit m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, si GTK. Konsole mbyll list\u00ebn me nj\u00eb konsum t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm prej 65 MB memories gjat\u00eb testeve, edhe pse kjo mund t\u00eb justifikohet me setin e tij t\u00eb gjer\u00eb t\u00eb funksionaliteteve.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb krahasim me rezultatet e m\u00ebparshme, t\u00eb marra dhjet\u00eb vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, t\u00eb gjitha programet tani konsumojn\u00eb duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb shum\u00eb memorie. Disa vite m\u00eb par\u00eb, Xterm k\u00ebrkonte 4 MB, nd\u00ebrsa tani \u2014 15 MB thjesht p\u00ebr t\u00eb filluar. Po ashtu, rxvt tani k\u00ebrkon 16 MB direkt nga kutia. Terminali Xfce z\u00eb 34 MB, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb tri her\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se m\u00eb par\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa GNOME Terminal k\u00ebrkon vet\u00ebm 20 MB. Sigurisht, t\u00eb gjitha testet e m\u00ebparshme jan\u00eb kryer n\u00eb nj\u00eb arkitektur\u00eb 32-bit. N\u00eb LCA 2012, Rasti Russell tregoi<\/a><\/noindex>, ka shum\u00eb arsye m\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara q\u00eb mund t\u00eb shpjegojn\u00eb rritjen e konsumit t\u00eb memories. Megjithat\u00eb, tani jetojm\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb kur kemi gigabajt\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebra memorie, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb do t'ia dalim mban\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, nuk mund t\u00eb shmang ndjenj\u00ebn se ndarja e m\u00eb shum\u00eb memories p\u00ebr nj\u00eb softuer kaq thelb\u00ebsor si terminali \u2014 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrdorim i burimeve. K\u00ebto programe duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb voglat nga m\u00eb t\u00eb vegjlit, duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do \u2018kutiz\u00eb\u2019, madje edhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb kutin\u00eb e k\u00ebpuc\u00ebve, n\u00ebse ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb t\u00eb pajisim kutit\u00eb me sisteme Linux (dhe ju e dini se k\u00ebshtu do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb). Po me k\u00ebto shifra, p\u00ebrdorimi i memories do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb problem n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen n\u00eb \u00e7do mjedis kur hapim disa terminale, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 rasteve me disa nga terminalet m\u00eb t\u00eb lehta dhe t\u00eb kufizuara. P\u00ebr ta kompensuar k\u00ebt\u00eb, GNOME Terminal, Konsole, urxvt, Terminator dhe Xfce Terminal kan\u00eb nj\u00eb mod t\u00eb Daemon-it, i cili lejon menaxhimin e disa terminaleve p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb procesi, q\u00eb kufizon konsumimin e memories.<\/p>\n
\"Rishikimi
\n
\nGjat\u00eb testeve t\u00eb mia kam arritur n\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb papritur n\u00eb lidhje me leximin-shkrimin n\u00eb disk: prisja t\u00eb mos shihja asgj\u00eb k\u00ebtu, por doli se disa terminale shkruajn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb disk. Pra, biblioteka VTE n\u00eb fakt mban n\u00eb disk buferin e skrollingut (kjo ve\u00e7ori u v\u00ebrshua q\u00eb nga viti 2010<\/a><\/noindex>, dhe kjo vazhdon deri tani). Por ndryshe nga zbatimet e vjetra, tani t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna jan\u00eb t\u00eb koduara me AES256 GCM (nga versioni 0.39.2<\/a><\/noindex>). Por lind nj\u00eb pyetje e arsyeshme, \u00e7far\u00eb ka kaq t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb biblioteka VTE, saq\u00eb k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb qasje t\u00eb till\u00eb t\u00eb pazakont\u00eb n\u00eb zbatim\u2026<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrfundimi<\/h4>\n
\nN\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb artikullit, zbuluam se terminalet e bazuara n\u00eb VTE kan\u00eb nj\u00eb set t\u00eb mir\u00eb funksionesh, por tani shohim se kjo lidhet me disa shpenzime p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar performanc\u00ebn e tyre. Tani memoria nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb problem, sepse t\u00eb gjitha terminalet VTE mund t\u00eb menaxhohen p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb procesi Daemon t\u00eb cilat kufizojn\u00eb apetitin e tyre. Megjithat\u00eb, sistemi i vjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb ka kufizime fizike p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket memories dhe buferit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs, mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb ende nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr versionet e m\u00ebparshme t\u00eb terminaleve, pasi ato konsumojn\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm m\u00eb pak burime. Edhe pse terminalet VTE e kan\u00eb treguar veten mir\u00eb n\u00eb testet p\u00ebr kapacitetin (skrollim), vonesa e paraqitjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb ekran \u00ebsht\u00eb mbi pragun e p\u00ebrcaktuar n\u00eb manualin e p\u00ebrdoruesit GNOME. Ka shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi q\u00eb zhvilluesit e VTE t\u00eb duhet ta ken\u00eb parasysh k\u00ebt\u00eb. Duke marr\u00eb parasysh se edhe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit fillestar\u00eb t\u00eb Linux \u00ebsht\u00eb e pashmangshme t\u00eb takojn\u00eb terminalin, ata mund ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00eb miq\u00ebsor ndaj p\u00ebrdoruesve. P\u00ebr geek-at e njohur, kalimi nga terminali n\u00eb parazgjedhje mund t\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptoj\u00eb madje edhe nj\u00eb ulje n\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebn n\u00eb sy dhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur l\u00ebndimet dhe s\u00ebmundjet profesionale n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb sesioneve t\u00eb gjata t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, vet\u00ebm xterm-i i vjet\u00ebr dhe mlterm na \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb pragun magjik t\u00eb pingut prej 10 milisekondash, q\u00eb p\u00ebr shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz \u00ebsht\u00eb e papranueshme.<\/p>\n
Masat e kontrolleve gjithashtu treguan se p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb zhvillimit t\u00eb ambientit grafik n\u00eb Linux, zhvilluesit u detyruan t\u00eb b\u00ebnin nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb kompromisesh. Disa p\u00ebrdorues duhet t\u00eb shikojn\u00eb menaxher\u00ebt e zakonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb dritareve, pasi ata ofrojn\u00eb nj\u00eb ulje t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb pingut. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, p\u00ebr Wayland nuk arrita t\u00eb mas p\u00ebrdorimin e vonesave: programi Typometer, q\u00eb kam p\u00ebrdorur, ishte krijuar p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb Wayland \u00ebsht\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb parandaloj\u00eb \u2014 spiunimin e dritareve t\u00eb tjera. Shpresoj se kompozimi i Wayland ka performanc\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb se X.org, dhe gjithashtu shpresoj se n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen dikush do t\u00eb gjej\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar nivelin e vones\u00ebs n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb ambient.
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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Por terminalet \u2014 nuk jan\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet \u00e7do jav\u00eb. Prandaj, kemi p\u00ebrkthyer p\u00ebr ju artikullin e Antoine Bopre, t\u00eb publikuar pranver\u00ebn e vitit 2018: pavar\u00ebsisht nga mosha e tij relativisht e madhe sipas standardeve moderne, n\u00eb mendimin ton\u00eb, materiali nuk e ka humbur aspak","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/obzor-emulyatorov-terminala","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sq_AL","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440 \u044d\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 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