{"id":37276,"date":"2019-10-31T22:16:42","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:16:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/dos-ataki-dlya-snizheniya-proizvoditelnosti-seti-tor\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:16:42","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:16:42","slug":"dos-ataki-dlya-snizheniya-proizvoditelnosti-seti-tor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dos-ataki-dlya-snizheniya-proizvoditelnosti-seti-tor","title":{"rendered":"Ata DoS p\u00ebr t\u00eb reduktuar performanc\u00ebn e rrjetit Tor.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Grupi i studiuesve t\u00eb Universitetit Georgetown dhe laboratorit k\u00ebrkues t\u00eb Marin\u00ebs s\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb analizuan<\/a><\/noindex> q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e rrjetit anonim Tor ndaj sulmeve q\u00eb \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb refuzimin e sh\u00ebrbimit (DoS). K\u00ebrkimet mbi kompromisimin e rrjetit Tor kryesisht fokusohen n\u00eb censurimin (bllokimin e qasjes n\u00eb Tor), identifikimin e k\u00ebrkesave p\u00ebrmes Tor n\u00eb trafikun kalimtar dhe analizimin e korrelacionit t\u00eb flukseve t\u00eb trafikut para nyjes hyr\u00ebse dhe pas nyjes dal\u00ebse t\u00eb Tor p\u00ebr deanonimizimin e p\u00ebrdoruesve. Studimi i paraqitur tregon se organizimi i sulmeve DoS ndaj Tor-it kalon pa u v\u00ebn\u00eb re dhe me shpenzime disa mij\u00eb dollar\u00ebsh n\u00eb muaj \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht i mundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb krijohet nj\u00eb situat\u00eb q\u00eb d\u00ebmton funksionimin normal t\u00eb Tor, e cila mund t\u00eb detyroj\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb braktisin Tor p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb dob\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebrkuesit propozojn\u00eb tre skenar\u00eb p\u00ebr realizimin e sulmeve DoS: krijimi i bllokimeve midis nyjeve t\u00eb urave, disbalancimi i ngarkes\u00ebs dhe krijimi i bllokimeve midis relayeve, p\u00ebr realizimin e t\u00eb cilave sulmuesi ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kapacitet prej 30, 5 dhe 3 Gbit\/s. N\u00eb ekivalentin financiar, kostoja e realizimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb sulmi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb muaj do t\u00eb jet\u00eb 17, 2.8 dhe 1.6 mij\u00eb dollar\u00eb, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht. P\u00ebr krahasim, realizimi i nj\u00eb sulmi DDoS frontal p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar funksionimin e Tor do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte nj\u00eb kapacitet prej 512.73 Gbit\/s dhe do t\u00eb kushtonte 7.2 milion dollar\u00eb n\u00eb muaj.<\/p>\n

Metoda e par\u00eb, me shpenzime prej 17 mij\u00eb dollar\u00eb n\u00eb muaj, p\u00ebrmes sulmit ndaj nj\u00eb grupi t\u00eb kufizuar nyjesh ure me intensitet 30 Gbit\/s do t\u00eb ulte shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e shkarkimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga klient\u00ebt me 44%. Gjat\u00eb testeve, vet\u00ebm 12 nyje obfs4 nga 38 mbet\u00ebn aktive (nuk jan\u00eb n\u00eb listat publike) servera<\/a> katalog\u00ebve dhe p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr t\u00eb anashkaluar bllokimin e nyjeve t\u00eb ruajtjes), q\u00eb lejon q\u00eb t\u00eb sjellin selektivisht n\u00eb pun\u00eb nyjet e mbetura bridge me an\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbytjes. Zhvilluesit e Tor mund t\u00eb dyfishojn\u00eb shpenzimet p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje dhe t\u00eb rikthejn\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00eb nyjet e humbura, por sulmuesit duhet vet\u00ebm t\u00eb rrisin shpenzimet e tyre deri n\u00eb 31,000 dollar\u00eb n\u00eb muaj p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar nj\u00eb sulm ndaj t\u00eb gjitha 38 nyjeve bridge.<\/p>\n

Metoda e dyt\u00eb, e cila k\u00ebrkon 5 Gbit\/s p\u00ebr sulm, bazohet n\u00eb pengimin e funksionimit t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb centralizuar t\u00eb matjes s\u00eb kapacitetit TorFlow dhe lejon q\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb mesatare t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga klient\u00ebt me 80%. TorFlow p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr balancimin e ngarkes\u00ebs, \u00e7ka lejon q\u00eb, brenda kuadrit t\u00eb sulmit, t\u00eb ndaloj\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjen e trafikut dhe t\u00eb organizoj\u00eb kalimin e tij p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb numri t\u00eb kufizuar serverash, duke shkaktuar k\u00ebshtu ngarkes\u00ebn e tyre.<\/p>\n

Metoda e tret\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn mjaftojn\u00eb 3 Gbit\/s, bazohet n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e nj\u00eb klienti Tor t\u00eb modifikuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb ngarkes\u00eb parazite, duke lejuar q\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsia e shkarkimeve t\u00eb klient\u00ebve t\u00eb reduktohet me 47% p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kosto prej 1.6 mij\u00eb dollar\u00ebsh n\u00eb muaj. Me rritjen e shpenzimeve p\u00ebr sulmin deri n\u00eb 6.3 mij\u00eb dollar\u00eb, mund t\u00eb arrihet nj\u00eb ulje prej 120% n\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e shkarkimeve t\u00eb klient\u00ebve. Klienti i modifikuar, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit standard t\u00eb zinxhirit me tre nyje (nyja hyr\u00ebse, nyja nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse dhe nyja dal\u00ebse), p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb zinxhir t\u00eb lejuar nga protokolli me 8 nyje me numrin maksimale t\u00eb hopave nd\u00ebrmjet nyjeve, pasi k\u00ebrkon shkarkime t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj dhe pezullon operacionet e leximit pas d\u00ebrgimit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave, por vazhdon t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb komanda menaxhuese SENDME, duke udh\u00ebzuar nyjat hyr\u00ebse t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb transferimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. <\/p>\n

V\u00ebrehet se iniciimi i nj\u00eb sulmi sh\u00ebrbimi \u00ebsht\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm m\u00eb efektiv se organizimi i nj\u00eb sulmi DoS p\u00ebrmes metod\u00ebs Sybil me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat shpenzime. Metoda Sybil p\u00ebrfshin vendosjen n\u00eb rrjetin Tor t\u00eb nj\u00eb numri t\u00eb madh t\u00eb rilayesve t\u00eb mi, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt mund t\u00eb hidhen zinxhir\u00eb ose t\u00eb reduktohet kapaciteti i kalimit. Me nj\u00eb buxhet p\u00ebr sulm prej 30, 5 dhe 3 Gbit\/s, metoda Sybil lejon t\u00eb arrihet nj\u00eb ulje e performanc\u00ebs p\u00ebr 32%, 7.2% dhe 4.5% t\u00eb nyjeve dal\u00ebse, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, sulmet DoS t\u00eb propozuara n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb hulumtimit mbulojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha nyjet.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse krahasoni shpenzimet me lloje t\u00eb tjera sulmesh, realizimi i nj\u00eb sulmi p\u00ebr deanonimizimin e p\u00ebrdoruesve me nj\u00eb buxhet prej 30 Gbit\/s do t\u00eb mund\u00ebsoj\u00eb kontrollin mbi 21% t\u00eb nyjeve hyr\u00ebse dhe 5.3% t\u00eb nyjeve dal\u00ebse, dhe do t\u00eb arrij\u00eb t\u00eb mbuloj\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha nyjet e zinxhirit n\u00eb 1.1% t\u00eb rasteve. P\u00ebr buxhetet prej 5 dhe 3 Gbit\/s, efektiviteti do t\u00eb jet\u00eb 0.06% (4.5% nyje hyr\u00ebse, 1.2% nyje dal\u00ebse) dhe 0.02% (2.8% nyje hyr\u00ebse, 0.8% nyje dal\u00ebse).<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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