{"id":37376,"date":"2019-10-31T22:17:16","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/opticheskij-telegraf-svch-set-i-bashnya-tesly-neobychnye-vyshki-svyazi\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:17:16","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:16","slug":"opticheskij-telegraf-svch-set-i-bashnya-tesly-neobychnye-vyshki-svyazi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/opticheskij-telegraf-svch-set-i-bashnya-tesly-neobychnye-vyshki-svyazi","title":{"rendered":"Telegrafi optik, rrjeti mikroval\u00eb dhe kulla e Tesl\u00ebs: kulla t\u00eb pazakonta komunikimi","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Telegrafi
\n
\nT\u00eb gjith\u00eb ne jemi m\u00ebsuar me pamjen e m\u00ebrzitshme ose t\u00eb trash\u00eb t\u00eb kullave dhe emocioneve t\u00eb komunikimit. Fatmir\u00ebsisht, historia ka pasur \u2014 dhe ka \u2014 shembuj interesant\u00eb dhe t\u00eb pazakont\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre, n\u00eb thelb, nd\u00ebrtimtarive utilitare. Ne kemi p\u00ebrpiluar nj\u00eb koleksion t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb kullave t\u00eb komunikimit q\u00eb na duken ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Kulla e Stokholmit<\/h1>\n

\nT\u00eb fillojm\u00eb me \"asetin\" - nd\u00ebrtimin m\u00eb t\u00eb pazakont\u00eb dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr n\u00eb koleksionin ton\u00eb. Nuk e kthen dot gjuh\u00ebn ta quajm\u00eb t\u00eb \"kull\u00eb\". N\u00eb vitin 1887, n\u00eb Stokholm u nd\u00ebrtua nj\u00eb kull\u00eb katrore nga ferma \u00e7eliku. Me kull\u00ebza n\u00eb qoshe, shtiz\u00eb flamuri dhe zbukurime rreth saj \u2014 bukuri!<\/p>\n

\"Telegrafi
\n
\n\"Telegrafi
\n
\nKulla dukej ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht magjeps\u00ebse n\u00eb dim\u00ebr, kur kabllot mbuloheshin nga akulli:<\/p>\n

\"Telegrafi
\n
\n\"Telegrafi
\n
\nN\u00eb vitin 1913, kula ndaloi s\u00eb qeni qend\u00ebr telefonike, por nuk u prish dhe u la si nj\u00eb ve\u00e7ori e qytetit. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, pik\u00ebrisht pas 40 vitesh ndodhi nj\u00eb zjarr n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtes\u00eb dhe kula u detyrua t\u00eb prisheshin.<\/p>\n

Rrjeti Mikroval\u00eb<\/h1>\n

\nN\u00eb vitin 1948, kompania amerikane AT&T filloi nj\u00eb projekt t\u00eb kushtuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb rrjet kullash p\u00ebr komunikim n\u00eb val\u00eb mikroval\u00eb. N\u00eb vitin 1951, rrjeti me 107 kulla u vu n\u00eb eksploatim. P\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb ishte e mundur t\u00eb b\u00ebheshin telefonata n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin dhe t\u00eb transmetohej sinjali i TV n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet \"ajrit\", pa p\u00ebrdorur rrjete kabllore. Dritaret e antenave t\u00eb tyre ngjajn\u00eb disi me gramofona ose kolonat moderne t\u00eb dizajnuara sipas nj\u00eb modeli t\u00eb an\u00ebsit t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, m\u00eb von\u00eb rrjeti u braktis, sepse n\u00eb vend t\u00eb komunikimit me val\u00eb mikroval\u00eb erdhi fibra optike. Fatet e kullave ishin t\u00eb ndryshme: disa gnurin pa pun\u00eb, disa u pren\u00eb p\u00ebr metal riciklimi, disa p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr organizimin e komunikimit nga kompani m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla; disa kullat p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr nevojat personale t\u00eb banor\u00ebve vendas.<\/p>\n

\"Telegrafi
\n
\n\"Telegrafi
\n
\n\"Telegrafi
\n<\/p>\n

Kulla e Vordenklif<\/h1>\n

\nNikola Tesla ishte nj\u00eb genius dhe, ndoshta, ende i n\u00ebnvler\u00ebsuar. Ndoshta nuk ishte pa ndonj\u00eb \u00e7menduri. Ndoshta, po t\u00eb mos e kishte tradhtuar investitor\u00ebt, ai mund t\u00eb kishte hyr\u00eb n\u00eb histori si njeriu q\u00eb ndryshoi jet\u00ebn e t\u00ebr\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit. Por tani p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb mund t\u00eb spekulojm\u00eb vet\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1901, Tesla filloi nd\u00ebrtimin e kull\u00ebs Wardenclyffe, e cila duhej t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbente si baza p\u00ebr linj\u00ebn e komunikimit transatlantik. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, Tesla d\u00ebshironte t\u00eb provohet mund\u00ebsia themelore e transmetimit t\u00eb energjis\u00eb pa kabllo \u2014 shpik\u00ebsi kishte \u00ebndrr\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb sistem global t\u00eb transmetimit t\u00eb energjis\u00eb, transmetimit t\u00eb radio dhe komunikimit radio. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, ambiciet e tij ishin n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me interesat e biznesit t\u00eb investitor\u00ebve t\u00eb tij, ndaj Tesla ndali marrjen e fondeve p\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar projektin, i cili u mbyll n\u00eb vitin 1905.<\/p>\n

Kulla u nd\u00ebrtua pran\u00eb laboratorit t\u00eb Tesl\u00ebs:<\/p>\n

\"Telegrafi
\n
\nFatkeq\u00ebsisht, por krijesa e gjenis\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ruajtur deri n\u00eb dit\u00ebt tona \u2014 kulla u prish n\u00eb vitin 1917.<\/p>\n

Gjiganti me tre k\u00ebnde<\/h1>\n

\nPor kjo kull\u00eb jeton dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb aktive, duke sjell\u00eb p\u00ebrfitime. Nd\u00ebrtesa me lart\u00ebsi 298 metra \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb kod\u00ebr n\u00eb San Francisco. Ajo u nd\u00ebrtua n\u00eb vitin 1973 dhe deri sot p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr transmetime televizive dhe radio. Deri n\u00eb vitin 2017, kulla Sutro ishte objekti m\u00eb i lart\u00eb arkitektonik n\u00eb qytet.<\/p>\n

\"Telegrafi
\n\"Telegrafi
\n
\nDuke klikuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb imazh, do t\u00eb hapet nj\u00eb fotografi me p\u00ebrmasat e plota:<\/p>\n

\"Telegrafi<\/a><\/noindex>
\nPamja nga San Francisco nga kulla:<\/p>\n

\"Telegrafi
\n<\/p>\n

N\u00eb uj\u00ebra t\u00eb cek\u00ebta<\/h1>\n

\nDikur, Forcat Ajrore t\u00eb SHBA nd\u00ebrtuan disa kulla radiorele n\u00eb Gjirin e Meksik\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

\"Telegrafi
\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb montuar n\u00eb fund, n\u00eb uj\u00ebra t\u00eb cek\u00ebta u nd\u00ebrtuan \u00e7el\u00ebsa \u00e7eliku mbi baza betoni, dhe mbi uj\u00eb ngrihen shtylla t\u00eb holl\u00eb antenash me platforma ku mund t\u00eb vendoset nj\u00eb sht\u00ebpiz\u00eb e vog\u00ebl. Nj\u00eb pamje shum\u00eb e pazakont\u00eb \u2014 nj\u00eb shtyll\u00eb e holl\u00eb q\u00eb del n\u00eb mes t\u00eb detit.<\/p>\n

\"Telegrafi
\nSi\u00e7 ndodh zakonisht, zhvillimi i teknologjive t\u00eb komunikimit e b\u00ebri t\u00eb panevojshme nd\u00ebrtimin e kullave, dhe sot ushtar\u00ebt nuk e din\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me to: t'i prishin, t'i fundosin apo t'i l\u00ebn\u00eb si\u00e7 jan\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb interesante q\u00eb gjat\u00eb viteve, antenat u shnd\u00ebrruan n\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj skuadre artificiale me ekosistemat e tyre t\u00eb vogla, dhe peshkatar\u00ebt dhe vendos\u00ebsit e snorkelingut i kan\u00eb p\u00ebrfituar, duke dor\u00ebzuar madje nj\u00eb peticion q\u00eb kullat t\u00eb mos shkat\u00ebrrohen.<\/p>\n

\"Telegrafi
\n\"Telegrafi
\n\"Telegrafi<\/p>\n

Derisa radio<\/h1>\n

\nN\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjedhjes son\u00eb, d\u00ebshirojm\u00eb t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr shpikjen e dy francez\u00ebve, v\u00ebllez\u00ebrve Shapp. N\u00eb vitin 1792, ata demonstruan at\u00eb q\u00eb quhej \"semafor\" \u2014 nj\u00eb kull\u00eb e vog\u00ebl me nj\u00eb shuf\u00ebr t\u00eb kthyer, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ndodheshin gjithashtu shufra q\u00eb rrotulloheshin. V\u00ebllez\u00ebr Shapp propozuan t\u00eb kodonin shkronjat dhe numrat e alfabetit me pozita t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb shufr\u00ebs dhe shufrave.<\/p>\n

\"Telegrafi
\n
\nK\u00ebto shufra dhe shufra duhej t\u00eb kthenin manualisht. Sot, gjith\u00e7ka kjo duket shum\u00eb e ngadalshme dhe e pak\u00ebndshme, p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, nj\u00eb sistem i till\u00eb kishte nj\u00eb disavantazh serioz: ai varej plot\u00ebsisht nga moti dhe koha e dit\u00ebs. Por n\u00eb fund t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb 18-t\u00eb, kjo ishte nj\u00eb p\u00ebrparim fantastik \u2014 mes qyteteve, mes nj\u00eb zinxhiri kullash, mesazhe t\u00eb shkurtra mund t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoheshin p\u00ebr rreth 20 minuta.<\/p>\n

\"Telegrafi
\nDhe deri n\u00eb mes t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb 19-t\u00eb, t\u00eb gjitha llojet e telegrameve optike \u2014 duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb variantet q\u00eb p\u00ebrdornin sinjale drit\u00ebs \u2014 u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuan nga telegrami elektrik, me kabllo. Dhe n\u00eb disa monumente arkitekturore, ende jan\u00eb ruajtur kullat, ku m\u00eb par\u00eb ishin vendosur kullat semaforike. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb \u00e7atin\u00eb e Pallatit Dim\u00ebror.
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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