{"id":37728,"date":"2019-10-31T22:19:22","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:19:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/konfidentsialnoe-oblako-ishhem-alternativu-otkrytym-resheniyam\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:19:22","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:19:22","slug":"konfidentsialnoe-oblako-ishhem-alternativu-otkrytym-resheniyam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/konfidentsialnoe-oblako-ishhem-alternativu-otkrytym-resheniyam","title":{"rendered":"\u201eRe\u201c t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash konfidenciale. Po k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb ndaj zgjidhjeve t\u00eb hapura.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Jam inxhinier nga arsimi, por komunikoj m\u00eb tep\u00ebr me nd\u00ebrmarr\u00ebs dhe drejtor\u00eb prodhimesh. Disa koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb, pronari i nj\u00eb kompanie industriale iu drejtua p\u00ebr k\u00ebshilla. Pavar\u00ebsisht se nd\u00ebrmarrja \u00ebsht\u00eb e madhe dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar n\u00eb vitet '90, menaxhimi dhe kontabiliteti funksionojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet lokal.<\/p>\n<p>Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb pasoj\u00eb e frik\u00ebs p\u00ebr biznesin e tij dhe forcimit t\u00eb kontrollit nga shteti. Ligjet dhe rregulloret mund t\u00eb interpretohen shum\u00eb gjer\u00ebsisht nga organet inspektuese. Nj\u00eb shembull mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb ndryshimet n\u00eb Kodin e Tatimeve, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vedomosti.ru\/politics\/articles\/2019\/06\/05\/803495-verhovnii-sud\">t\u00eb cilat heqin afatin e skadenc\u00ebs<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr shkeljet e tatimeve, shkat\u00ebrrimin e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.finanz.ru\/novosti\/aktsii\/sledkom-predlozhil-uprazdnit-bankovskuyu-taynu-v-rossii-1028355298\">t\u00eb fsheht\u00ebsis\u00eb bankare dhe audituese.<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n<p>Si rezultat, pronari i nd\u00ebrmarrjes filloi t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte zgjidhje p\u00ebr ruajtjen e besueshme t\u00eb informacionit dhe transmetimin e sigurt t\u00eb dokumenteve. Nj\u00eb \"saf\" virtual.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nKemi punuar p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb detyr\u00eb me administratorin sistemor t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb: nevojitet nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb e thell\u00eb e platformave ekzistuese.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>sh\u00ebrbimi duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb jo n\u00eb re, n\u00eb kuptimin klasik t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj fjale, pra, pa ruajtje n\u00eb kapacitetet e nj\u00eb organizate t\u00eb tret\u00eb. Vet\u00ebm serveri yn\u00eb;<\/li>\n<li>ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr enkriptim t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb p\u00ebrcjella dhe t\u00eb ruajtura;<\/li>\n<li>\u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme q\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb fshir\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjen nga \u00e7do aparat me nj\u00eb klik t\u00eb vet\u00ebm;<\/li>\n<li>zgjidhja \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar jasht\u00eb vendit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pika e kat\u00ebrt e propozova t\u00eb hiqet, pasi aplikacionet ruse kan\u00eb \u00e7ertifikata zyrtare. Drejtori tha hapur se \u00e7far\u00eb duhej t\u00eb b\u00ebhej me k\u00ebto \u00e7ertifikata. <\/p>\n<h3>Po zgjedhim mund\u00ebsi<\/h3>\n<p>\nUn\u00eb kam p\u00ebrzgjedhur tre zgjidhje (sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebrzgjedhjeje, aq m\u00eb shum\u00eb dyshime):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Open Source \u2014 projekt <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/syncthing.net\/\">Syncthing.net <\/a><\/noindex>, i mb\u00ebshtetur nga entuziasti-developer Jacob Borg.<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.resilio.com\/\">Resilio.com<\/a><\/noindex>, i mbik\u00ebqyrur nga Resilio Inc. amerikan (nd\u00ebrsa ky sh\u00ebrbim ishte quajtur m\u00eb par\u00eb BitTorrent Sync).\n<\/li>\n<li>Projekti <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/e-safe.pro\/\">Pvtbox Elektronik Saf<\/a><\/noindex> nga <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/pvtbox.net\">pvtbox.net<\/a><\/noindex> aplikacione p\u00ebr sinkronizim. Regjistrim n\u00eb Qipro.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pronari i kompanis\u00eb kupton pak p\u00ebr detajet teknike, prandaj un\u00eb e kam hartuar raportin n\u00eb form\u00eb listes t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimeve dhe disavantazheve p\u00ebr \u00e7do mund\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n<h3>P\u00ebrmbledhjet e analiz\u00ebs<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Syncthing <\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><b>Pikat pozitive<\/b>: <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Open source;<\/li>\n<li>Aktiviteti i zhvilluesit kryesor; <\/li>\n<li>Projekti ekziston qysh prej shum\u00eb koh\u00ebsh; <\/li>\n<li>Fal\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><b>Disavantazhet: <\/b><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nuk ka klient p\u00ebr pamjen iOS; <\/li>\n<li>Server\u00ebt Turn t\u00eb ngadalsh\u00ebm (ata jan\u00eb falas, prandaj ngadal\u00ebsohen). P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb<br \/>\nnuk e din\u00eb, Turn p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb rastin e pamund\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb u lidhur drejtp\u00ebrs\u00ebdrejti;<\/li>\n<li>Konfigurim i komplikuar i nd\u00ebrfaqes (do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb shum\u00ebvje\u00e7are n\u00eb programim);<\/li>\n<li>Mungesa e nj\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje komerciale t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Resilio <\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><b>Avantazhet: <\/b>mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha paisjet dhe servera t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb Turn.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><b>Disavantazhet: <\/b>Nj\u00eb dhe shum\u00eb thelb\u00ebsor \u2013 injorimi i plot\u00eb nga sh\u00ebrbimi i mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr \u00e7do k\u00ebrkes\u00eb. Zero reagim, madje edhe n\u00ebse shkruan nga adresa t\u00eb ndryshme. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Pvtbox<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><b>Avantazhet: <\/b><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha paisjet; <\/li>\n<li>Servera t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb Turn; <\/li>\n<li>Mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkarkuar skedarin pa instaluar aplikacionin; <\/li>\n<li>Sh\u00ebrbim mb\u00ebshtetjeje adekuat, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr telefon.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><b>Disavantazhet<\/b>: <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Projekt i ri (pak komente dhe p\u00ebrmbledhje t\u00eb mira);<\/li>\n<li>Nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe e shum\u00eb 'teknike' q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb e qart\u00eb;<\/li>\n<li>Nuk ka dokumentacion t\u00eb detajuar, p\u00ebr shum\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje duhet t\u00eb kontaktojm\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetjen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>\u00c7far\u00eb zgjodhi klienti<\/h3>\n<p>\nPyetja e tij e par\u00eb: \u00e7far\u00eb kuptimi ka t\u00eb zhvillosh di\u00e7ka falas? Nga Syncthing u hodh\u00ebn posht\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb. Argumentet nuk funksionuan. <\/p>\n<p>Pas disa dit\u00ebsh klienti refuzoi kategorikisht Resilio Sync p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetjes, sepse nuk ishte e qart\u00eb se ku t\u00eb drejtohej n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme. Plus, mungesa e besimit n\u00eb regjistrimin amerikan t\u00eb firm\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr analiz\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme ka mbetur Pvtbox, nj\u00eb thesar elektronik. Kemi b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb audit t\u00eb plot\u00eb teknik t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj platforme me fokus n\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrhapjes, dekodimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe hyrjes s\u00eb paautorizuar n\u00eb depozit\u00ebn informative.<\/p>\n<h3>Procesi i auditit<\/h3>\n<p>\nKemi b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb t\u00eb lidhjeve n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb programit, gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb qet\u00eb. Trajti sipas standardeve moderne fillimisht qarkullon e enkriptuar. Do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqemi t\u00eb kryejm\u00eb nj\u00eb sulm MITM dhe t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsojm\u00eb certifikat\u00ebn 'n\u00eb fluturim' me ndihm\u00ebn e <i>Linux (Xubuntu Linux 18.04), Wireshark<\/i>, <i>Mitmproxy<\/i>. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb do t\u00eb vendosim nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebs mes aplikacionit Pvtbox dhe serverit pvtbox.net (ka shk\u00ebmbim t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me serverin pvtbox.net p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb lidhjeje https).<\/p>\n<p>Nisemi me aplikacionin p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar q\u00eb programi dhe sinkronizimi i skedar\u00ebve punojn\u00eb. N\u00eb Linux mund t\u00eb shohim menj\u00ebher\u00eb logimin, n\u00ebse nisemi programin nga terminali.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u201eRe\u201c t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash konfidenciale. Po k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb ndaj zgjidhjeve t\u00eb hapura.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/8e19ec533544a6f138c3f16308e02888.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nNdalim aplikacionin dhe z\u00ebvend\u00ebsojm\u00eb adres\u00ebn e hostit pvtbox.net n\u00eb skedarin <i>\/etc\/hosts <\/i>me privilegje superp\u00ebrdoruesi. Z\u00ebvend\u00ebsojm\u00eb adres\u00ebn me adres\u00ebn e serverit ton\u00eb proxy.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u201eRe\u201c t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash konfidenciale. Po k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb ndaj zgjidhjeve t\u00eb hapura.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/f6befbf010686270c48656e15213f521.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nTani do t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatisim serverin ton\u00eb proxy p\u00ebr sulmin MITM n\u00eb nj\u00eb kompjuter me adres\u00ebn 192.168.1.64 n\u00eb rrjetin ton\u00eb lokal. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb do t\u00eb instalojm\u00eb paket\u00ebn mitmproxy version 4.0.4.<\/p>\n<p>Nisim serverin proxy n\u00eb portin 443:<br \/>\n<i>$ sudo mitmproxy -p 443<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Nisim programin Pvtbox n\u00eb kompjuterin e par\u00eb, shohim daljen e mitmproxy dhe log\u00ebt e aplikacionit.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u201eRe\u201c t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash konfidenciale. Po k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb ndaj zgjidhjeve t\u00eb hapura.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/cd7f53fc76349fdf18f65c75c555bc52.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<i>Mitmproxy <\/i>raporton se klienti nuk beson n\u00eb certifikat\u00ebn e rreme nga serveri proxy. N\u00eb log-et e aplikacionit gjithashtu shohim se certifikata e serverit proxy nuk kalon verifikimin dhe programi refuzon t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Instaloni certifikat\u00ebn e serverit proxy <i>mitmproxy <\/i>n\u00eb kompjuterin me aplikacionin Pvtbox, p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb certifikat\u00ebn \"t\u00eb besueshme\". N\u00eb kompjuter do t\u00eb instalojm\u00eb paket\u00ebn ca-certificates. M\u00eb pas do t\u00eb kopjojm\u00eb certifikat\u00ebn mitmproxy-ca-cert.pem nga katalogu .mitmproxy i serverit proxy n\u00eb kompjuterin me aplikacionin Pvtbox n\u00eb katalogun \/usr\/local\/share\/ca-certificates. <\/p>\n<p>Ekzekutoni komandat:<br \/>\n<i>$ sudo openssl x509 -in mitmproxy-ca-cert.pem -inform PEM -out mitmproxy-ca-cert.crt<\/i><br \/>\n<i>$ sudo update-ca-certificates<\/i><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u201eRe\u201c t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash konfidenciale. Po k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb ndaj zgjidhjeve t\u00eb hapura.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/8f30b4cebb483ad54869993e225d7c90.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nNisni aplikacionin Pvtbox. Certifikata p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nuk kaloi verifikimin, programi refuzon t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb. Me sa duket, aplikacioni p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm mbrojt\u00ebs <i>Certificate pinning<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb sulm i ngjash\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb kryer ndaj host-it <i>signalserver.pvtbox.net, <\/i>si edhe ndaj vet\u00eb lidhjes peer-to-peer midis nyjeve. Zhvilluesi tregon se aplikacioni p\u00ebr vendosjen e lidhjeve peer-to-peer p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb protokoll t\u00eb hapur webrtc n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin p\u00ebrdoret enkriptimi end-to-end sipas protokollit <i>DTLSv1.2.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7el\u00ebsat gjenerohen p\u00ebr \u00e7do vendosje lidhjesh dhe d\u00ebrgohen p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb kanali t\u00eb enkriptuar p\u00ebrmes <i>signalserver.pvtbox.net.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Teoretikisht do t\u00eb ishte e mundur t\u00eb kapnim mesazhet oferte dhe p\u00ebrgjigje webrtc, t\u00eb ndryshonim \u00e7el\u00ebsat e enkriptimit dhe t\u00eb kishim mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb deshifronim t\u00eb gjitha mesazhet q\u00eb vijn\u00eb p\u00ebrmes webrtc. Por nuk doli t\u00eb ishte e mundur t\u00eb kryhej nj\u00eb sulm mitm ndaj signalserver.pvtbox.net, prandaj as mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb kapur dhe ndryshuar mesazhet e d\u00ebrguara p\u00ebrmes signalserver.pvtbox.net nuk ekziston.<\/p>\n<p>Prandaj, p\u00ebr lidhjet peer-to-peer, ky sulm nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i mundur.<\/p>\n<p>Gjithashtu u zbulua nj\u00eb skedar me certifikata, i shoq\u00ebruar me programin. Skedari ndodhet n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn \/opt\/pvtbox\/certifi\/cacert.pem. Ky skedar u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsua me nj\u00eb skedar q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban nj\u00eb certifikat\u00eb t\u00eb besuar nga serveri yn\u00eb proxy mitmproxy. Rezultati nuk u ndryshua - programi refuzonte t\u00eb lidhej me sistemin, n\u00eb log gjithashtu dukej e nj\u00ebjta gabim,<br \/>\nse certifikata nuk kalon verifikimin.<\/p>\n<h3>P\u00ebrmbledhja e auditit<\/h3>\n<p>\nNuk arrita t\u00eb kap dhe t\u00eb ndryshoj trafik. Emrat e skedar\u00ebve, dhe aq m\u00eb tep\u00ebr p\u00ebrmbajtja e tyre, d\u00ebrgohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb enkriptuar, duke p\u00ebrdorur enkriptimin p\u00ebrfundimtar end-to-end. N\u00eb aplikacion jan\u00eb realizuar nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb mekanizmash mbrojt\u00ebs q\u00eb pengojn\u00eb d\u00ebgjimin dhe sekuencimin. <\/p>\n<p>Si pasoj\u00eb, kompania bleu dy server\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar (fizikisht n\u00eb vende t\u00eb ndryshme) p\u00ebr qasje t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme n\u00eb informacion. Serveri i par\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr marrjen, p\u00ebrpunimin dhe ruajtjen e informacionit, nd\u00ebrsa i dyti \u2013 p\u00ebr kopjim rezerv\u00eb. <\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb cloud-in individual t\u00eb marr\u00eb, u lidh terminali i pun\u00ebs s\u00eb drejtorit dhe telefoni mobil n\u00eb iOS. Punonj\u00ebsit e tjer\u00eb u lidh\u00ebn nga administratori i sistemit dhe mb\u00ebshtetja teknike e Pvtbox. <\/p>\n<p>Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj periudhe, nuk kam marr\u00eb pretendime nga njoh\u00ebsi. 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