{"id":38636,"date":"2019-10-31T22:24:58","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:24:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/reliz-subd-postgresql-12\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:24:58","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:24:58","slug":"reliz-subd-postgresql-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-subd-postgresql-12","title":{"rendered":"L\u00ebshimi i DBMS PostgreSQL 12","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pas nj\u00eb vit zhvillimi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/about\/news\/1976\/\">publikuar<\/a><\/noindex> dega e re stabile e DBMS PostgreSQL 12. P\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimet p\u00ebr degen e re <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/support\/versioning\/\">do t\u00eb dalin<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr pes\u00eb vjet deri n\u00eb n\u00ebntor 2024. <\/p>\n<p>Ndryshimet kryesore <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/12\/static\/release-12.html\">risit\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr &#171;<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/12\/ddl-generated-columns.html\">kolona t\u00eb gjeneruara<\/a><\/noindex>&#171;, vlera e t\u00eb cilave llogaritet n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb shprehjeje q\u00eb mbulon vlerat e kolonave t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn tabel\u00eb (analog i pamjeve, por p\u00ebr kolonat e ve\u00e7anta). Kolonat e gjeneruara mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb dy lloje \u2014 t\u00eb ruajtur dhe virtual. N\u00eb rastin e par\u00eb, vlera llogaritet n\u00eb momentin e shtimit ose ndryshimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb t\u00eb dytin \u2014 n\u00eb \u00e7do lexim n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb gjendjes aktuale t\u00eb kolonave t\u00eb tjera. Aktualisht, n\u00eb PostgreSQL mb\u00ebshteten vet\u00ebm kolonat e gjeneruara t\u00eb ruajtura;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mund\u00ebsia e ekzekutimit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash nga dokumentet JSON n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/12\/functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-SQLJSON-PATH\">shprehjeve Path<\/a><\/noindex>, t\u00eb ngjashme me <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/XPath\">XPath<\/a><\/noindex> dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuara n\u00eb standardin SQL\/JSON. P\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur efikasitetin e p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb shprehjeve t\u00eb tilla p\u00ebr dokumentet e ruajtura n\u00eb formatin JSONB, aplikohen mekanizmat ekzistues t\u00eb indeksimit;\n<li class=\"l\"> Aktivizimi i JIT-kompiluesit (Just-in-Time) \u00ebsht\u00eb i paracaktuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar ekzekutimin e disa shprehjeve gjat\u00eb procesit t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave SQL, duke u bazuar n\u00eb zhvillimet e LLVM. P\u00ebr shembull, JIT \u00ebsht\u00eb i aplikuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar ekzekutimin e shprehjeve brenda blloqeve &#171;WHERE&#187;, n\u00eb listat e daljes (target lists), shprehjet agregate dhe disa operacione t\u00eb brendshme;\n<li class=\"l\"> Performanca e indeksimit \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur ndjesh\u00ebm. Indekset B-tree jan\u00eb optimizuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar n\u00eb kushte t\u00eb ndryshimeve t\u00eb shpeshta n\u00eb indekse \u2014 n\u00eb testet TPC-C v\u00ebrehet nj\u00eb rritje e p\u00ebrgjithshme e performanc\u00ebs dhe nj\u00eb zvog\u00eblim i konsumit t\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs diskore n\u00eb mesatarisht 40%. Kostot e krijimit t\u00eb logjeve p\u00ebr regjistrim t\u00eb avancuar (WAL) jan\u00eb reduktuar p\u00ebr llojet e indekseve GiST, GIN dhe SP-GiST. P\u00ebr GiST \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mund\u00ebsia e krijimit t\u00eb indekseve-wrappers (n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet shprehjes INCLUDE), q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb kolona shtes\u00eb. N\u00eb operacionin <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/12\/sql-createstatistics.html\">CREATE STATISTICS<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr statistik\u00ebn mbi vlerat m\u00eb tipike (MCV), q\u00eb lejon gjenerimin e planeve m\u00eb optimale t\u00eb pyetjeve kur p\u00ebrdoren kolona q\u00eb jan\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pabarabart\u00eb.\n<li class=\"l\"> Implementimi i sekcionimit (particionimit) \u00ebsht\u00eb optimizuar p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkesat q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb tabela me mij\u00ebra seksione, por q\u00eb kufizohen n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb nj\u00eb grupi t\u00eb kufizuar. Performanca e shtimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb tabela t\u00eb sekcionuara \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur p\u00ebrmes operacioneve INSERT dhe COPY, si dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar mund\u00ebsia e t\u00eb shtuarit t\u00eb seksioneve t\u00eb reja p\u00ebrmes 'ALTER TABLE ATTACH PARTITION' pa bllokuar ekzekutimin e k\u00ebrkesave;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr automatik inline p\u00ebrhapjen e shprehjeve tabelar\u00ebsh t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/12\/queries-with.html\">Shprehje Tabelash t\u00eb P\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta<\/a><\/noindex>, CTE), t\u00eb cilat lejojn\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e koleksioneve t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme t\u00eb em\u00ebruara, t\u00eb caktuara n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet operatorit WITH. Inline p\u00ebrhapja rrit performanc\u00ebn e shumic\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave, por p\u00ebr momentin aplikohet vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr CTE jo-rekurzive;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/12\/collation.html#COLLATION-NONDETERMINISTIC\">nd\u00ebrlikuara<\/a><\/noindex> atributet e lokalitetit \u00abCollation\u00bb, q\u00eb lejon p\u00ebrcaktimin e rregullave t\u00eb renditjes dhe metodave t\u00eb krahasimit duke marr\u00eb parasysh kuptimin e simboleve (p\u00ebr shembull, kur renditen vlerat numerike, merrni parasysh pranin\u00eb e minusit dhe pik\u00ebs para numrit dhe llojet e ndryshme t\u00eb shkrimit, nd\u00ebrsa kur krahasoni, nuk merret parasysh regjistri i simboleve dhe pranin\u00eb e shenj\u00ebs s\u00eb theksit);\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr autentikimin e shum\u00ebfaktor\u00ebsh p\u00ebr klient\u00ebt, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin n\u00eb pg_hba.conf mund t\u00eb kombinohen autentikimi me certifikat\u00eb SSL (clientcert=verify-full) me nj\u00eb metod\u00eb t\u00eb shtuar autentikimi, si scram-sha-256;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr enkriptimin e kanalit t\u00eb komunikimit gjat\u00eb autentikimit p\u00ebr <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/12\/gssapi-auth.html\">GSSAPI<\/a><\/noindex>, si n\u00eb an\u00ebn e klientit ashtu edhe n\u00eb an\u00ebn e serverit;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr p\u00ebrcaktimin e server\u00ebve LDAP n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb regjistrimeve \u00abDNS SRV\u00bb, n\u00ebse PostgreSQL \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar me OpenLDAP;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar operacionin \u00ab<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/12\/sql-reindex.html#SQL-REINDEX-CONCURRENTLY\">REINDEX CONCURRENTLY<\/a><\/noindex>\u00bb p\u00ebr rinovimin e indekseve pa bllokimin e operacioneve t\u00eb shk.write n\u00eb indeks;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar komanda <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/12\/app-pgchecksums.html\">pg_checksums<\/a><\/noindex>, q\u00eb lejon p\u00ebr nj\u00eb DB ekzistuese t\u00eb aktivizohet dhe \u00e7aktivizohet kontrolli i shumave kontroluese t\u00eb faqeve t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave (m\u00eb par\u00eb ky operacion mb\u00ebshtetej vet\u00ebm gjat\u00eb inicializimit t\u00eb DB);\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00ebsht\u00eb garantuar dalja e nj\u00eb treguesi t\u00eb p\u00ebrparimit p\u00ebr operacionet CREATE INDEX, REINDEX, CLUSTER, VACUUM FULL dhe pg_checksums;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar komand\u00ebn \u00ab<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/12\/tableam.html\">CREATE ACCESS METHOD<\/a><\/noindex>\u00bb p\u00ebr lidhjen e trajtuesve t\u00eb metodave t\u00eb reja t\u00eb ruajtjes s\u00eb tabelave, t\u00eb optimizuara p\u00ebr detyra specifike t\u00eb ndryshme. Aktualisht, metoda e vetme e integruar e qasjes n\u00eb tabela \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00abheap\u00bb;\n<li class=\"l\"> Skedha e konfigurimit recovery.conf \u00ebsht\u00eb bashkuar me postgresql.conf. Tani si tregues t\u00eb kalimit n\u00eb gjendjen e rikuperimit pas d\u00ebshtimit, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/12\/runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-ARCHIVE-RECOVERY\">duhet<\/a><\/noindex> duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren skedar\u00ebt recovery.signal dhe standby.signal.\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51604\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414 PostgreSQL 12. \u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2024 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430: \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 &#171;\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u043e\u0432&#171;, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 (\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u043e\u0432). \u0413\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38636","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414 PostgreSQL 12. \u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 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P\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimet p\u00ebr deg\u00ebn e re do t\u00eb l\u00ebshohen p\u00ebr pes\u00eb vjet deri n\u00eb n\u00ebntor 2024. Risi kryesore: Mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr \"kolona t\u00eb gjeneruara\", vlerat e t\u00eb cilave llogariten mbi nj\u00eb shprehje q\u00eb mbulon vlerat e kolonave t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn tabel\u00eb (analog\u00eb me pamjet, por p\u00ebr kolona t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta). Kolonat e gjeneruara mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb dy","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-subd-postgresql-12","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sq_AL","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0420\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414 PostgreSQL 12 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f 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