{"id":39018,"date":"2019-10-31T22:27:25","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kniga-sozdanie-smart-kontraktov-solidity-dlya-blokchejna-ethereum-prakticheskoe-rukovodstvo\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:27:25","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:25","slug":"kniga-sozdanie-smart-kontraktov-solidity-dlya-blokchejna-ethereum-prakticheskoe-rukovodstvo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/kniga-sozdanie-smart-kontraktov-solidity-dlya-blokchejna-ethereum-prakticheskoe-rukovodstvo","title":{"rendered":"Libri \"Krijimi i kontratave inteligjente Solidity p\u00ebr bllokun Ethereum. Udh\u00ebzues praktik\"","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Libri
\nP\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb vit punova mbi librin \"Krijimi i kontratave t\u00eb men\u00e7ura Solidity p\u00ebr blockchain-in Ethereum. Udhezues praktik\", dhe tani kjo pun\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar, dhe libri \u00ebsht\u00eb publikuar dhe i disponuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb Litrese<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Shpresoj q\u00eb libri im do t'ju ndihmoj\u00eb t\u00eb filloni shpejt krijimin e kontratave t\u00eb men\u00e7ura Solidity dhe aplikacioneve t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara DApp p\u00ebr blockchain-in Ethereum. Ai p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga 12 m\u00ebsime me detyra praktike. Pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb tyre, lexuesi do t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb nodet lokale t\u00eb Ethereum, t\u00eb publikoj\u00eb kontrata t\u00eb men\u00e7ura dhe t\u00eb th\u00ebrras\u00eb metodat e tyre, t\u00eb shk\u00ebmbej\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna midis bot\u00ebs reale dhe kontratave t\u00eb men\u00e7ura me an\u00eb t\u00eb orakujve, dhe t\u00eb punoj\u00eb me rrjetin provues t\u00eb Rinkeby. <\/p>\n

Libri \u00ebsht\u00eb i dedikuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar p\u00ebr teknologjit\u00eb e avancuara n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e blockchain-it dhe duan t\u00eb fitojn\u00eb shpejt njohuri q\u00eb i lejojn\u00eb t\u00eb merren me pun\u00eb interesante dhe perspektiv\u00eb.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb posht\u00eb do t\u00eb gjeni p\u00ebrmbajtjen dhe kapitullin e par\u00eb t\u00eb librit (po ashtu n\u00eb Litrese<\/a><\/noindex> disponohen fragmente t\u00eb librit). Shpresoj t\u00eb marr tani komente, v\u00ebrejtje dhe propozime. T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto do t'i marr\u00eb parasysh n\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitjen e redaks\u00eb s\u00eb ardhshme t\u00eb librit.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nP\u00ebrmbajtja<\/b>Hyrje<\/b>Libri yn\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb duan jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb parimet e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb blockchain-it Ethereum, por gjithashtu t\u00eb fitojn\u00eb aft\u00ebsi praktike n\u00eb krijimin e aplikacioneve t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara DApp n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e programimit Solidity p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb rrjet.<\/p>\n

Ky lib\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb mos lexohet thjesht, por t\u00eb punohet me t\u00eb, duke p\u00ebrfunduar detyrat praktike t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruara n\u00eb m\u00ebsime. P\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar do t'ju nevojitet nj\u00eb kompjuter lokal, nj\u00eb server virtual ose n\u00eb re me sistemin operativ Debian ose Ubuntu t\u00eb instaluar. Gjithashtu, p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimin e shum\u00eb detyrave, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni Raspberry Pi.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb m\u00ebsimin e par\u00eb <\/b>ne do t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb parimet e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb blockchain-it Ethereum dhe terminologjin\u00eb kryesore, si dhe do t\u00eb flasim mbi vendet ku mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret ky blockchain. <\/p>\n

Q\u00ebllimi i m\u00ebsimit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb<\/b> \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb krijohet nj\u00eb nod privat i blockchain-it Ethereum p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn e m\u00ebvonshme n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebtij kursi n\u00eb serverin Ubuntu dhe Debian. Ne do t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb ve\u00e7orit\u00eb e instalimit t\u00eb utilitar\u00ebve kryesor\u00eb, t\u00eb tilla si geth, q\u00eb siguron funksionimin e nodit ton\u00eb t\u00eb blockchain-it, si dhe demonin e ruajtjes s\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb decentralizuara swarm.<\/p>\n

M\u00ebsimi i tret\u00eb<\/b> do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni si t\u00eb kryeni eksperimente me Ethereum n\u00eb nj\u00eb mikrocomputer t\u00eb lir\u00eb Raspberry Pi. Do t\u00eb instaloni sistemin operativ (OS) Rasberian n\u00eb Raspberry Pi, utilitarin Geth q\u00eb siguron funksionimin e nod\u00ebs s\u00eb blockchain, si dhe sh\u00ebrbimin e ruajtjes t\u00eb decentralizuar Swarm.<\/p>\n

M\u00ebsimi i kat\u00ebrt<\/b> i kushtohet llogarive dhe nj\u00ebsive t\u00eb kriptovalutave n\u00eb rrjetin Ethereum, si dhe m\u00ebnyrave p\u00ebr t\u00eb transferuar fonde nga nj\u00eb llogari n\u00eb tjetr\u00ebn nga konsola Geth. Do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni t\u00eb krijoni llogari, t\u00eb inicioni transaksione transferimi fondesh, t\u00eb merrni statusin e transaksionit dhe fatur\u00ebn e tij.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb m\u00ebsimin e pest\u00eb<\/b> do t\u00eb njiheni me kontratat smart n\u00eb rrjetin Ethereum, do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni p\u00ebr ekzekutimin e tyre nga makina virtuale Ethereum. <\/p>\n

Do t\u00eb krijoni dhe publikoni n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet privat Ethereum kontrat\u00ebn tuaj t\u00eb par\u00eb smart dhe do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni si t\u00eb th\u00ebrrisni funksionet e saj. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni mjedisin e zhvillimit Remix Solidity IDE. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni si t\u00eb instaloni dhe p\u00ebrdorni kompilatorin e paket\u00ebs solc.
\nNe gjithashtu do t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb quhet interface binar i aplikacionit Application Binary Interface (ABI) dhe do t'ju m\u00ebsojm\u00eb si ta p\u00ebrdorni at\u00eb.<\/p>\n

M\u00ebsimi i gjasht\u00eb<\/b> i kushtohet krijimit t\u00eb skripteve JavaScript q\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb n\u00ebn menaxhimin e Node.js dhe q\u00eb kryejn\u00eb operacione me kontratat smart Solidity.<\/p>\n

Do t\u00eb instaloni Node.js n\u00eb OS Ubuntu, Debian dhe Rasberian, do t\u00eb shkruani skripte p\u00ebr publikimin e kontrat\u00ebs smart n\u00eb rrjetin lokal Ethereum dhe thirrjen e funksioneve t\u00eb saj. <\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni si t\u00eb transferoni fonde midis llogarive t\u00eb zakonshme me an\u00eb t\u00eb skripteve, si dhe t'i depozitoni ato n\u00eb llogarit\u00eb e kontratave smart.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb m\u00ebsimin e shtat\u00eb<\/b> do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni si t\u00eb instaloni dhe p\u00ebrdorni mjedisin e integruar Truffle, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i njohur mes zhvilluesve t\u00eb kontratave smart Solidity. Do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni si t\u00eb krijoni skripte JavaScript q\u00eb th\u00ebrrasin funksionet e kontratave me modulin truffle-contract, si dhe do t\u00eb kryeni testimin e kontrat\u00ebs suaj smart me an\u00eb t\u00eb Truffle.<\/p>\n

M\u00ebsimi i tet\u00eb<\/b> i kushtohet llojeve t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave Solidity. Do t\u00eb shkruani kontrata smart q\u00eb punojn\u00eb me lloje t\u00eb till\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave si numra t\u00eb plot\u00eb me shenj\u00eb dhe pa shenj\u00eb, numra me shenj\u00eb, stringje, adresa, variabla t\u00eb tipave t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara, array, enumeracione, struktura dhe fjalor\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb m\u00ebsimin e n\u00ebnt\u00eb<\/b> Ju do t\u2019i afroheni nj\u00eb hap tjet\u00ebr krijimit t\u00eb kontratave inteligjente p\u00ebr rrjetin kryesor Ethereum. Do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni si t\u00eb publikoni kontrata duke p\u00ebrdorur Truffle n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet privat Geth, si dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet provues Rinkeby. Debugging i kontrat\u00ebs inteligjente n\u00eb rrjetin Rinkeby \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i dobish\u00ebm para publikimit t\u00eb saj n\u00eb rrjetin kryesor - atje gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb praktikisht reale, por \u00ebsht\u00eb falas.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb m\u00ebsimit do t\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb nyje t\u00eb rrjetit provues Rinkeby, do ta mbushni at\u00eb me fonde, dhe do t\u00eb publikoni nj\u00eb kontrat\u00eb inteligjente.<\/p>\n

M\u00ebsimi 10<\/b> i kushtohet hap\u00ebsirave t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave Ethereum Swarm. Duke p\u00ebrdorur hap\u00ebsirat e shp\u00ebrndara, ju kuroni shpenzimet p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me volum t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb blockchainin Ethereum. <\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij m\u00ebsimi do t\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb lokale Swarm, do t\u00eb kryeni operacione p\u00ebr t\u00eb lexuar dhe shkruar skedar\u00eb, si dhe kataloge me skedar\u00eb. M\u00eb pas do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni si t\u00eb punoni me nj\u00eb kalim publik Swarm, do t\u00eb shkruani skriptet p\u00ebr t'u lidhur me Swarm nga Node.js, si dhe me modul\u00ebn Perl Net::Ethereum::Swarm.<\/p>\n

Q\u00ebllimi i m\u00ebsimit 11<\/b> \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb zot\u00ebroni pun\u00ebn me kontratat inteligjente Solidity duke p\u00ebrdorur gjuh\u00ebn e popullarizuar t\u00eb programimit Python dhe korniz\u00ebn Web3.py. Do ta instaloni k\u00ebt\u00eb korniz\u00eb, do t\u00eb shkruani skriptet p\u00ebr kompaktimin dhe publikimin e kontrat\u00ebs inteligjente, si dhe p\u00ebr thirrjen e funksioneve t\u00eb saj. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, Web3.py do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret si n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur, ashtu dhe n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me mjedisin e zhvillimit t\u00eb integruar Truffle.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb m\u00ebsimin 12<\/b> do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni si t\u00eb transferoni t\u00eb dh\u00ebna midis kontratave inteligjente dhe bot\u00ebs reale duke p\u00ebrdorur orakuj. Kjo do t'ju ndihmoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna nga faqet e internetit, pajisjet e internetit t\u00eb gj\u00ebrave IoT, instrumentet dhe sensor\u00ebt e ndrysh\u00ebm, dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar t\u00eb dh\u00ebna nga kontratat inteligjente n\u00eb k\u00ebto pajisje. N\u00eb pjes\u00ebn praktike t\u00eb m\u00ebsimit do t\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb orakul dhe nj\u00eb kontrat\u00eb inteligjente q\u00eb merr kursin aktual t\u00eb k\u00ebmbimit USD n\u00eb rubla nga faqja e CB t\u00eb RF.<\/p>\n

M\u00ebsimi 1. Nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje e bllokad\u00ebs dhe rrjetit Ethereum<\/b>Q\u00ebllimi i m\u00ebsimit:<\/b> t\u00eb njohni parimet e funksionimit t\u00eb bllokad\u00ebs Ethereum, fushat e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb saj dhe terminologjin\u00eb kryesore.
\nDetyrat praktike:<\/b> n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebsim nuk jan\u00eb parashikuar.<\/p>\n

Sot \u00ebsht\u00eb e pak\u00ebt q\u00eb nj\u00eb zhvillues software (SW) t\u00eb mos ket\u00eb d\u00ebgjuar asgj\u00eb p\u00ebr teknologjin\u00eb bllokad\u00eb (Blockchain), kriptovalutat (Cryptocurrency ose Crypto Currency), bitcoinat (Bitcoin), ofrimin fillestar t\u00eb monedhave (ICO, Initial coin offering), kontratat inteligjente (Smart Contract), si dhe p\u00ebr konceptet dhe terminologjin\u00eb e tjera q\u00eb lidhen me bllokad\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Teknologjia e blockchain-it hap tregje t\u00eb reja dhe krijon vende pune p\u00ebr programuesit. N\u00ebse ju p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsoni t\u00eb gjitha nuancat e teknologjive t\u00eb kriptomonedhave dhe t\u00eb kontratave t\u00eb men\u00e7ura, at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb keni asnj\u00eb problem me aplikimin e k\u00ebtyre njohurive n\u00eb praktik\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb se rreth kriptomonedhave dhe blockchain-\u00ebve ka shum\u00eb spekulime. Ne do ta l\u00ebm\u00eb m\u00ebnjan\u00eb diskutimet mbi ndryshimet e \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb kriptomonedhave, krijimin e piramidave, nuancat e legjislacionit t\u00eb kriptomonedhave dhe t\u00eb ngjashme. N\u00eb kursin ton\u00eb arsimor, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrohemi kryesisht n\u00eb aspektet teknike t\u00eb aplikimit t\u00eb kontratave t\u00eb men\u00e7ura n\u00eb blockchain-in Ethereum (ether, eth) dhe zhvillimin e ashtuquajturve aplikacione t\u00eb decentralizuara (Distributed Applications, DApp).<\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb blockchain<\/h3>\n

\nBlockchain (Blockchain, Block Chain) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb zinxhir blokesh t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash, t\u00eb lidhura me nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar. N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb zinxhirit ndodhet blloku i par\u00eb, i cili quhet bllok primar (genesis block) apo blloku i origjin\u00ebs. Pas tij ndodhet blloku i dyt\u00eb, pastaj i treti dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto blloqe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash p\u00ebrs\u00ebriten automatikisht n\u00eb shum\u00eb nyje t\u00eb rrjetit t\u00eb blockchain-it. K\u00ebshtu sigurohet ruajtja e decentralizuar e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb blockchain-it.
\nMund ta paraqitni sistemin e blockchain-it si nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh nyjesh (servera fizik apo virtual), t\u00eb bashkuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet dhe q\u00eb riprodhojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha ndryshimet n\u00eb zinxhirin e blloqeve t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash. \u00cbsht\u00eb si nj\u00eb kompjuter gjigand me shum\u00eb servera, ku nyjet e k\u00ebtij kompjuteri (server\u00ebt) mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn. Dhe ju gjithashtu mund ta shtoni kompjuterin tuaj n\u00eb rrjetin e blockchain-it. <\/p>\n

Baza e dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara<\/h4>\n

\nBlockchain mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohet si nj\u00eb baz\u00eb e dh\u00ebnash e shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb, e riprodhuar n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha nyjet e rrjetit t\u00eb blockchain-it. N\u00eb teori, blockchain do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb sa koh\u00eb q\u00eb punon t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn nj\u00eb nyje q\u00eb ruan t\u00eb gjitha blloqet e blockchain-it.<\/p>\n

Regjistri i shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave<\/h4>\n

\nBlockchain mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohet si nj\u00eb regjist\u00ebr i shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe operacioneve (transaksioneve). Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr em\u00ebr i k\u00ebtij regjistri \u00ebsht\u00eb libri i duksh\u00ebm. <\/p>\n

N\u00eb regjistrin e shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb mund t\u00eb shtohen t\u00eb dh\u00ebna, por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb ndryshohen ose t\u00eb fshihen ato. Kjo pamund\u00ebsi arrihet, n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, p\u00ebrmes aplikimit t\u00eb algoritmeve kriptografik\u00eb, algoritmeve speciale p\u00ebr shtimin e blloqeve n\u00eb zinxhir dhe ruajtjes s\u00eb decentralizuar t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb shtimit t\u00eb blloqeve dhe p\u00ebr kryerjen e operacioneve (transaksioneve) p\u00ebrdoren \u00e7el\u00ebsa privat e publik. Ato kufizojn\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit e blockchain-it, duke u ofruar atyre qasje vet\u00ebm n\u00eb blloqet e tyre t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash.<\/p>\n

Transaksionet<\/h4>\n

\nBlockchain-i ruan informacionin n\u00eb lidhje me operacionet (transaksionet) n\u00eb blloqe. K\u00ebshtu, transaksionet e vjetra, t\u00eb cilat tashm\u00eb jan\u00eb kryer, nuk mund t\u00eb rishikohen ose ndryshohen. Transaksionet e reja ruhen n\u00eb blloqe t\u00eb reja, t\u00eb shtuara.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb blockchain mund t\u00eb regjistrohet n\u00eb form\u00ebn e pandryshueshme e gjith\u00eb historia e transaksioneve. Prandaj, blockchain mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret, p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebr ruajtjen e sigurt t\u00eb operacioneve bankare, informacionit n\u00eb lidhje me t\u00eb drejtat e autorit, historin\u00eb e ndryshimeve t\u00eb pronar\u00ebve t\u00eb objekteve t\u00eb pasurive t\u00eb paluajtshme etj.<\/p>\n

Blockchain-i i Ethereum p\u00ebrmban ato q\u00eb quhen gjendje t\u00eb sistemit. Nd\u00ebrsa kryen transaksione, gjendja ndryshohet nga fillestare n\u00eb aktuale. Transaksionet regjistrohen n\u00eb blloqe.<\/p>\n

Blockchain-et publike dhe private<\/h4>\n

\nK\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb theksohet se gjith\u00e7ka e th\u00ebn\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr rrjetet publike t\u00eb blockchain-it, t\u00eb cilat nuk mund t\u00eb kontrollohen nga ndonj\u00eb individ fizik ose juridik, agjenci shtet\u00ebrore ose qeveritar\u00eb.
\nAto q\u00eb quhen rrjete private t\u00eb blockchain-it jan\u00eb n\u00ebn kontrollin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb krijuesve t\u00eb tyre, dhe aty \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur gjith\u00e7ka, p\u00ebr shembull, z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimi i plot\u00eb i t\u00eb gjitha blloqeve n\u00eb zinxhir.<\/p>\n

Aplikimet praktike t\u00eb blockchain-it<\/h4>\n

\nP\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i dobish\u00ebm blockchain-i?<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse e p\u00ebrmbledhim, blockchain-i lejon kryerjen e operacioneve (transaksioneve) n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt midis personave ose kompanive q\u00eb nuk i besojn\u00eb nj\u00ebri-tjetrit. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e regjistruara n\u00eb blockchain (transaksionet, t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat personale, dokumentet, d\u00ebshmit\u00eb, kontratat, faturat etj.) nuk mund t\u00eb falsifikohen ose z\u00ebvend\u00ebsohen pas regjistrimit. Prandaj, mbi baz\u00ebn e blockchain-it mund t\u00eb krijohen, p\u00ebr shembull, regjistra t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshme lloje dokumentesh.<\/p>\n

Natyrisht, ju e dini se sistemet e kriptovalutave krijohen mbi baz\u00ebn e bllok\u00ebve, t\u00eb destinuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar parat\u00eb e zakonshme t\u00eb papier. Parat\u00eb e papier quhen gjithashtu fiat (nga Fiat Money).
\nBlloku siguron ruajtjen dhe pandryshueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e transaksioneve t\u00eb regjistruara n\u00eb blloqe, prandaj mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr krijimin e sistemeve t\u00eb kriptovalutave. Ai p\u00ebrmban t\u00eb gjith\u00eb historin\u00eb e trasferimit t\u00eb ndihmave kripto midis p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm (llogarive), duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb mundur ndjekjen e \u00e7do operacioni.<\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebse operacionet brenda sistemeve t\u00eb kriptovalutave mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb anonime, t\u00ebrheqja e kriptovalut\u00ebs dhe shk\u00ebmbimi i saj p\u00ebr para fiat zakonisht \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb zbulimin e identitetit t\u00eb pronarit t\u00eb aktivizmit kriptovaluta. <\/p>\n

T\u00eb ashtuquajturat kontrata t\u00eb men\u00e7ura, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb nj\u00eb softuer q\u00eb funksionon n\u00eb rrjetin Ethereum, lejojn\u00eb automatizimin e procesit t\u00eb lidhjes s\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjeve dhe kontrollin e p\u00ebrmbushjes s\u00eb tyre. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht efektive, kur pagesa p\u00ebr nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje b\u00ebhet me kriptovalut\u00ebn Ether.<\/p>\n

Blloku Ethereum dhe kontratat e men\u00e7ura Ethereum, t\u00eb shkruara n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e programimit Solidity, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren, p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb k\u00ebto fusha:<\/p>\n