{"id":39133,"date":"2019-10-31T22:28:01","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/monitoring-nagruzochnoe-testirovanie-prognozirovanie-i-otsutstvie-sboev\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:28:01","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:01","slug":"monitoring-nagruzochnoe-testirovanie-prognozirovanie-i-otsutstvie-sboev","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/monitoring-nagruzochnoe-testirovanie-prognozirovanie-i-otsutstvie-sboev","title":{"rendered":"Monitorimi + testimi i ngarkes\u00ebs = parashikimi dhe mungesa e \u00e7rregullsive","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Departamenti IT i VTB ka hasur disa her\u00eb situata emergjente n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e sistemeve, kur ngarkesa mbi to \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur shum\u00ebfish. Prandaj, u b\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb zhvillohej dhe testoheshin nj\u00eb model q\u00eb parashikon ngarkes\u00ebn maksimale n\u00eb sistemet kritike. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, specialist\u00ebt IT t\u00eb bank\u00ebs konfiguruan monitorimin, analizuan t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat dhe m\u00ebsuan t\u00eb automatizojn\u00eb parashikimet. Cilat mjete ndihmuan n\u00eb parashikimin e ngarkes\u00ebs dhe a arrit\u00ebn ato t\u00eb optimizojn\u00eb pun\u00ebn, do t\u00eb tregojm\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb artikull t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

\"Monitorimi
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nProblemet me sh\u00ebrbime me ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb ndodhin pothuajse n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha sektor\u00ebt, por p\u00ebr sektorin financiar ato jan\u00eb kritike. N\u00eb or\u00ebn X, t\u00eb gjitha nj\u00ebsit\u00eb operative duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri, dhe prandaj ishte e nevojshme t\u00eb dihej paraprakisht se \u00e7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndodhte dhe madje t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohej dita kur do t\u00eb rritej ngarkesa, dhe cilat sisteme do t\u00eb p\u00ebrballeshin me t\u00eb. Duhet luftuar dhe parandaluar \u00e7do shqet\u00ebsim, prandaj nevoja p\u00ebr t\u00eb implementuar nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb analitik\u00ebs parashikuese nuk ishte asnj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb diskutim. Duhej t\u00eb modernizoheshin sistemet mbi baz\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb monitorimit.<\/p>\n

Analitika n\u00eb kolon\u00eb<\/h2>\n

\n\u0417\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u2014 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u044f. \u041e\u043d \u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e. \u0418\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u0414\u0411\u041e). \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 SMS \u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433, \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e. \u041c\u044b \u0432\u0437\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u043a\u0438: \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, 1-\u0433\u043e, 15-\u0433\u043e \u0438 25-\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u0430. \u0422\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0430\u00bb, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433, \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438: \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u00ab\u0437\u0430\u043b\u043f\u043e\u043c\u00bb, \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043c\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 IT-\u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u00bb \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432.<\/p>\n

Pasi mor\u00ebm rezultatin e par\u00eb pozitiv, ne kaluam n\u00eb automatizimin e parashikimeve. Nj\u00eb dhjet\u00eb kritik\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb po prisnin radhen e tyre.<\/p>\n

Qasja e integruar<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00eb VTB implementuan nj\u00eb sistem monitorimi nga kompania MicroFocus. Nga aty mor\u00ebm mbledhjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave p\u00ebr parashikimin, sistemin e ruajtjes dhe sistemin e gjenerimit t\u00eb raporteve. N\u00eb thelb, monitorimi ekzistonte, vet\u00ebm se duhej t\u00eb shtoheshin metrikat, moduli i parashikimit dhe t\u00eb krijoheshin raporte t\u00eb reja. Kjo zgjidhje mb\u00ebshtetet nga kontraktori i jasht\u00ebm \"Tehnoserv\", prandaj puna kryesore p\u00ebr realizimin e projektit ra mbi specialist\u00ebt e tij, por modelin e nd\u00ebrtuam ne vet\u00eb. Sistemi i parashikimit u zhvillua mbi baz\u00ebn e Prophet - ky produkt i hapur \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar n\u00eb Facebook. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb i thjesht\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u p\u00ebrdorur dhe integrohet leht\u00ebsisht me mjetet e monitorimit t\u00eb vendosura nga ne dhe Vertica. Th\u00ebn\u00eb me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, sistemi analizojn\u00eb grafikun e ngarkes\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb serive t\u00eb Fourier b\u00ebn ekstrapolimin e tij. Ka gjithashtu mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtuar disa koeficient\u00eb sipas dit\u00ebve, t\u00eb marra nga modeli yn\u00eb. Metrikat merren pa pjes\u00ebmarrjen e njeriut, nj\u00eb her\u00eb n\u00eb jav\u00eb parashikimi p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet automatikisht, raportet e reja shp\u00ebrndahen p\u00ebr adresat e p\u00ebrcaktuara.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ky approach zbulon ciklit kryesore, si vjetor\u00ebt, mujor\u00ebt, trimestral\u00ebt dhe javor\u00ebt. Shlyerjet e pagave dhe avanset, periudhat e pushimeve, festat dhe zbritjet \u2014 t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb numrin e k\u00ebrkesave p\u00ebr sistemet. \u00cbsht\u00eb zbuluar, p\u00ebr shembull, se disa cikle mbivendosen, nd\u00ebrsa ngarkesa kryesore (75%) p\u00ebr sistemet vjen nga Qendra Federale. Personat juridik\u00eb dhe fizik\u00eb veprojn\u00eb ndryshe. N\u00ebse ngarkesa nga 'fizik\u00ebt' shp\u00ebrndahet relativisht nj\u00ebsoj gjat\u00eb dit\u00ebve t\u00eb jav\u00ebs (ka shum\u00eb transaksione t\u00eb vogla), p\u00ebr kompanit\u00eb 99,9% e saj ndodh brenda orarit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, kurse transaksionet mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb shkurtra, ose t\u00eb trajtohen p\u00ebr disa minuta dhe madje or\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"Monitorimi
\n
\nN\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb marra, p\u00ebrcaktohen trendet afatgjata. Sistemi i ri zbuloi se njer\u00ebzit po kalojn\u00eb masivisht n\u00eb BDO. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur nga t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve, por nuk e prisnim nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb kaq t\u00eb madhe dhe fillimisht nuk e besuam: numri i k\u00ebrkesave n\u00eb zyrat e bank\u00ebs po ulet shum\u00eb shpejt, dhe po rritet nj\u00ebsoj numri i transaksioneve t\u00eb distanc\u00ebs. Prandaj, ngarkesa n\u00eb sisteme po rritet dhe do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t\u00eb rritet. Tani ne parashikojm\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebn deri n\u00eb shkurt 2020. Dit\u00ebt normale mund t\u00eb parashikohen me nj\u00eb sakt\u00ebsi prej 3%, nd\u00ebrsa dit\u00ebt n\u00eb kulm me nj\u00eb sakt\u00ebsi prej 10%. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat i mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Pengesa<\/h2>\n

\nNuk kishte mungesa si zakonisht. Mekanizmi i ekstrapolimit duke p\u00ebrdorur radh\u00ebt e Fourier-it kalon keq n\u00eb zero \u2014 ne e dim\u00eb q\u00eb gjat\u00eb fundjav\u00ebs subjektet juridike gjenerojn\u00eb pak transaksione, por moduli i parashikimit jep vlera larg zero. Mund t\u00eb ishim ndrequr ato me forc\u00eb, por shpatullat nuk jan\u00eb metoda jon\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, duhej t\u00eb zgjidhnim problemin e marrjes pa dhimbje t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga sistemet burim. Mbledhja e rregullt e informacionit k\u00ebrkon burime t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme kompjuterike, prandaj nd\u00ebrtuam memorie t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb duke p\u00ebrdorur replikimin, duke marr\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e biznesit tashm\u00eb nga replikat. Mungesa e ngarkes\u00ebs shtes\u00eb n\u00eb sistemet kryesore n\u00eb raste t\u00eb tilla \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb penguese.<\/p>\n

Sfidat e reja<\/h2>\n

\nDetyra e vendosur p\u00ebr parashikimin e pikave \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjidhur: nuk ka pasur d\u00ebshtime t\u00eb lidhura me ngarkes\u00ebn n\u00eb bank\u00eb q\u00eb nga maji i k\u00ebtij viti, dhe sistemi i ri i parashikimit ka luajtur nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb. Po, rezultoi se ishte i pamjaftuesh\u00ebm, dhe tani banka d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb kuptoj\u00eb sa shum\u00eb rrezikojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb pik\u00ebt. Na nevojiten parashikime duke p\u00ebrdorur metrika nga testimi i ngarkes\u00ebs, dhe p\u00ebr rreth 30% t\u00eb sistemeve kritike kjo tashm\u00eb funksionon, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb tjerat jan\u00eb n\u00eb procesin e marrjes s\u00eb parashikimeve. N\u00eb faz\u00ebn e ardhshme ne planifikojm\u00eb t\u00eb parashikojm\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebn n\u00eb sisteme, jo n\u00eb transaksionet e biznesit, por n\u00eb terma t\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs IT, dmth t\u00eb zbresim nj\u00eb nivel m\u00eb posht\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, na nevojitet t\u00eb automatizojm\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht mbledhjen e metricave dhe nd\u00ebrtimin e parashikimeve mbi baz\u00ebn e tyre, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos u marr\u00eb me eksportet. Nuk ka gj\u00eb t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u2014 ne thjesht po bashkojm\u00eb monitorimin dhe testimin e ngarkes\u00ebs sipas praktikave m\u00eb t\u00eb mira n\u00eb bot\u00eb.
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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