{"id":39223,"date":"2019-10-31T22:28:32","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/filosofiya-evolyutsii-i-evolyutsiya-interneta\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:28:32","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:32","slug":"filosofiya-evolyutsii-i-evolyutsiya-interneta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/filosofiya-evolyutsii-i-evolyutsiya-interneta","title":{"rendered":"Filozofia e evolucionit dhe evolucionin e internetit","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Tiran\u00eb, 2012
\nTeksti nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr filosofin\u00eb n\u00eb internet dhe as p\u00ebr filosofin\u00eb e internetit \u2013 filozofia dhe interneti jan\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb ndara: pjesa e par\u00eb e tekstit i p\u00ebrkushtohet filozofis\u00eb, e dyta \u2013 internetit. Si os\u00eb lidh\u00ebse midis dy pjes\u00ebve sh\u00ebrben koncepti i \"evolucionit\": do t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr filozofis\u00eb s\u00eb evolucionit<\/em> dhe p\u00ebr evolucionin e internetit<\/em>. Fillimisht do t\u00eb demonstrohet se si filozofia \u2013 filozofia e evolucionizmit global, e armatosur me konceptin \"singulariteti\" \u2013 na \u00e7on pa shmangie n\u00eb mendimin se interneti \u00ebsht\u00eb modeli i sistemit evolucionar post-sociomor, dhe pastaj, edhe vet\u00eb interneti, n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb logjika e zhvillimit t\u00eb tij, do t\u00eb konfirmoj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e filozofis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb diskutuar mbi tema q\u00eb, n\u00eb dukje, jan\u00eb thjesht teknologjike.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Singulariteti teknologjik<\/h2>\n

\nKoncepci \"singularitet\" me epitete \"teknologjike\" p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar nj\u00eb pik\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb boshtin temporal t\u00eb zhvillimit t\u00eb civilizimit u fut nga matematikani dhe shkrimtari Vernor Vinge. Duke ekstrapoluar ligjin e njohur t\u00eb Murit, sipas t\u00eb cilit numri i elementeve n\u00eb procesor\u00ebt kompjuterik dyfishohet \u00e7do 18 muaj, ai b\u00ebri supozimin se diku n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb vitit 2025 (plus-minus 10 vjet) \u00e7ipat kompjuterik\u00eb duhet t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel t\u00eb barabart\u00eb me fuqin\u00eb llogarit\u00ebse t\u00eb trurit njer\u00ebzor (sigurisht, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb strikte formale \u2013 sipas numrit t\u00eb supozuar t\u00eb operacioneve). Vinge konstatoi se pas k\u00ebsaj kufiri na pret di\u00e7ka jo-njer\u00ebzore, nj\u00eb inteligjenc\u00eb artificiale t\u00eb avancuar, dhe na duhet t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb me kujdes n\u00ebse do t\u00eb jemi n\u00eb gjendje (dhe a duhet) ta parandalojm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fatkeq\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n

Evolucionarisht singulariteti planetar<\/h2>\n

\nVal\u00eb e dyt\u00eb interesit p\u00ebr problemin e singularitetit erdhi pas nj\u00eb analize numerike t\u00eb fenomenit t\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb evolucionit nga disa shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb (Panov, Kurzweil, Snooks), n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti reduktimin e periudhave midis krizave evolucionale, ose, mund t\u00eb thuhet, \"revolucioneve\" n\u00eb historin\u00eb e Tok\u00ebs. K\u00ebto revolucione p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb katastrof\u00ebn e oksigjenit dhe shfaqjen e qelizave b\u00ebrthamore (eukariote); shp\u00ebrthimin kambrian \u2013 formimi i shpejt\u00eb, praktikisht i menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm sipas masave paleontologjike t\u00eb llojeve t\u00eb shumta shum\u00ebqelizore, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb vertebror\u00ebt; momentet e shfaqjes dhe zhdukjes s\u00eb dinosaur\u00ebve; zanafilla e hominid\u00ebve; revolucionet neolitike dhe urbane; fillimi i mesjet\u00ebs; revolucionet industriale dhe informacionit; r\u00ebnia e sistemit imperialist dy polar (shk\u00ebputja e BRSS). U tregua se k\u00ebto momente revolucionare dhe shum\u00eb t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb historin\u00eb e planetit ton\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb nj\u00eb ligjshm\u00ebri-formul\u00eb, e cila ka nj\u00eb zgjidhje singulariteti rreth vitit 2027. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, n\u00eb ndryshim nga supozimi abstrakt i Vinge, ne kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me \"singularitetin\" n\u00eb kuptimin tradicional matematikor \u2013 numri i krizave n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb, sipas formul\u00ebs empirike t\u00eb fituar, b\u00ebhet i pafund, nd\u00ebrsa intervalet nd\u00ebrmjet tyre priren drejt zeros, pra zgjidhja e ekuacionit b\u00ebhet e pasigurt.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se referimi n\u00eb pik\u00ebn e singularitetit evolucionar na sugjeron di\u00e7ka m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme sesa nj\u00eb rritje banale n\u00eb performanc\u00ebn e kompjuter\u00ebve \u2013 ne kuptojm\u00eb se jemi n\u00eb prag t\u00eb nj\u00eb eventi t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb historin\u00eb e planetit.<\/p>\n

Singularitetet politike, kulturore, ekonomike si faktor\u00eb t\u00eb kriz\u00ebs absolute t\u00ebcivilizimit.<\/h2>\n

\nVe\u00e7antia e periudh\u00ebs historike m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt (10-20 vitet e ardhshme) tregohet gjithashtu nga analiza e sferave ekonomike, politike, kulturore dhe shkencore t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb (e kryer nga un\u00eb n\u00eb punimin \"Finita la historia. Singulariteti politik-kulturor-ekonomik si nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb absolute e civilizimit \u2013 nj\u00eb shikim optimist n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen<\/a><\/noindex>\"): vazhdimi i tendencave t\u00eb tashme t\u00eb zhvillimit n\u00ebn kushtet e progresit shkencor dhe teknologjik \u00e7on patjet\u00ebr n\u00eb situata \"singulariteti\".<\/p>\n

Sistemi financiar-ekonomik modern, n\u00eb thelb, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb harmonizuar prodhimin dhe konsumimin e mallrave q\u00eb jan\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00eb dhe hap\u00ebsir\u00eb. N\u00ebse analizojm\u00eb tendencat e zhvillimit t\u00eb mjeteve t\u00eb komunikimit dhe automatizimit t\u00eb prodhimit n\u00eb rrjet, mund t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se me kalimin e koh\u00ebs, \u00e7do akt konsumimi do t\u00eb jet\u00eb sa m\u00eb af\u00ebr mund\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb aktit t\u00eb prodhimit, \u00e7ka pa dyshim do t\u00eb eliminoj\u00eb nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr sistemin financiar-ekonomik ekzistues. K\u00ebshtu, teknologjit\u00eb informative moderne po afrohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel zhvillimi, ku prodhimi i nj\u00eb produkti t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohet jo nga nj\u00eb faktor statistikor i tregut t\u00eb konsumit, por nga urdhri i nj\u00eb konsumatori t\u00eb caktuar. Kjo do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet e mundur edhe p\u00ebr shkak se reduktimi i parashikuesh\u00ebm i koh\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs p\u00ebr prodhimin e nj\u00eb produkti do t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb, ku p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar k\u00ebt\u00eb produkt do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje minimale q\u00eb p\u00ebrfundon n\u00eb aktin e porosis\u00eb. M\u00eb shum\u00eb se kaq, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb p\u00ebrparimit teknologjik, mall i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm b\u00ebhet jo nj\u00eb paisje teknike, por funksionaliteti i saj \u2013 programi. Pra, zhvillimi i teknologjive informative tregon si p\u00ebr inevitabilitetin e kriz\u00ebs absolute t\u00eb sistemit ekonomik modern n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen, ashtu edhe p\u00ebr mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e siguris\u00eb teknologjike t\u00eb nj\u00eb forme t\u00eb re t\u00eb harmonizimit t\u00eb prodhimit dhe konsumit. Ky moment kalimtar n\u00eb historin\u00eb sociale \u00ebsht\u00eb e arsyeshme ta quajm\u00eb singularitet ekonomik.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfundimi n\u00eb lidhje me nj\u00eb singularitet politik n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi mund t\u00eb arrihet duke analizuar marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e dy akteve menaxheriale t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara n\u00eb koh\u00eb: miratimin e nj\u00eb vendimi me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi sociale dhe vler\u00ebsimin e rezultatit t\u00eb tij \u2013 ato kan\u00eb nj\u00eb tendenc\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u afruar. Kjo lidhet kryesisht me faktin se, nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb arsyeve t\u00eb past\u00ebr teknologjike e prodhimit, intervali kohor mes miratimit t\u00eb vendimeve t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe marrjes s\u00eb rezultateve po shkurtizohet vazhdimisht: nga shekuj-decada n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn, deri n\u00eb vite-muaj-dite n\u00eb bot\u00ebn moderne. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, me zhvillimin e teknologjive informacioni n\u00eb rrjet, problemi kryesor i menaxhimit do t\u00eb jet\u00eb jo em\u00ebrimi i nj\u00eb personi q\u00eb merr vendimin, por vler\u00ebsimi i efikasitetit t\u00eb rezultatit. Dometh\u00ebn\u00eb, ne patjet\u00ebr po i afrohemi nj\u00eb situate ku mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb vendim i jepet \u00e7do d\u00ebshiroj, dhe vler\u00ebsimi i rezultatit t\u00eb vendimit nuk k\u00ebrkon asnj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm politik t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb (si votimi) dhe realizohet automatikisht.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 singulariteteve teknologjike, ekonomike dhe politike, mund t\u00eb flitet edhe p\u00ebr nj\u00eb singularitet kulturor t\u00eb shprehur qart\u00eb: kalimi nga prioriteti total i stileve artistike q\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsojn\u00eb nj\u00ebri-tjetrin (me nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb n\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb begatis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre) n\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebn paralele dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha formave t\u00eb mundshme kulturore, liria e krijimtaris\u00eb individuale dhe e konsumit t\u00eb produkteve t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj krijimtarie.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb shkenc\u00eb dhe filozofi po shfaqet nj\u00eb zhvendosje e kuptimit dhe q\u00ebllimit t\u00eb njohjes nga krijimi i sistemeve logjike formale (teorive) n\u00eb rritjen e kuptimit t\u00eb individ\u00ebve, n\u00eb formimin e asaj q\u00eb quhet sh\u00ebndet i arsyesh\u00ebm post-shkencor, ose bot\u00ebkuptimi post-singular.<\/p>\n

Singulariteti si p\u00ebrfundim i periudh\u00ebs evolucionare<\/h2>\n

\nTradicionalisht, biseda p\u00ebr singularitetin \u2013 dhe singularitetin teknologjik, i lidhur me frik\u00ebn nga skllav\u00ebrimi i njeriut nga inteligjenca artificiale, dhe singularitetin planetar, i nxjerr\u00eb nga analiza e krizave ekologjike dhe civilizuese \u2013 zhvillohet n\u00eb terma katastrofash. Megjithat\u00eb, bazuar n\u00eb arsyetim evolucional, nuk duhet ta mendojm\u00eb singularitetin q\u00eb po afron si fundin e bot\u00ebs. M\u00eb logjik\u00eb do t\u00eb supozojm\u00eb se ne kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me nj\u00eb ngjarje t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, interesante, por jo unike n\u00eb historin\u00eb e planetit \u2013 me kalimin n\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel t\u00eb ri evolucionar. Dometh\u00ebn\u00eb, nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb vendimesh singularitetesh q\u00eb dalin nga ekstrapolimi i trendeve n\u00eb zhvillimin e planetit, shoq\u00ebris\u00eb, teknologjis\u00eb digjitale, tregojn\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimin e nj\u00eb faze evolucionare t\u00eb radh\u00ebs n\u00eb historin\u00eb globale t\u00eb planetit dhe fillimin e nj\u00eb faze post-shoq\u00ebrore. K\u00ebshtu, kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me nj\u00eb ngjarje historike, t\u00eb krahasueshme n\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi me kalimet nga evolucioni protobiologjik n\u00eb biologjik (rreth 4 miliard vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb) dhe nga evolucioni biologjik n\u00eb shoq\u00ebror (rreth 2,5 milion vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb).<\/p>\n

N\u00eb periudhat e p\u00ebrmendura kalimtare jan\u00eb v\u00ebrejtur gjithashtu vendime singularitetesh. K\u00ebshtu, gjat\u00eb kalimit nga etapi protobiologjik i evolucionit n\u00eb biologjik, sekuenca e sintezave t\u00eb rastit t\u00eb polimer\u00ebve t\u00eb rinj organik\u00eb u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsua nga nj\u00eb proces i vazhduesh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb rregullt t\u00eb riprodhimit t\u00eb tyre, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb quhet \u00absingularitet i sintez\u00ebs\u00bb. Po ashtu, kalimi n\u00eb etapin shoq\u00ebrore u shoq\u00ebrua me \u00absingularitetin e adaptimeve\u00bb: nj\u00eb seri adaptimesh biologjike u shkall\u00ebzua n\u00eb nj\u00eb proces t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm prodhimi dhe p\u00ebrdorimi t\u00eb pajisjeve adaptuese, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb objekte q\u00eb lejojn\u00eb t\u00eb adaptohen praktikisht menj\u00ebher\u00eb ndaj \u00e7do ndryshimi t\u00eb ambientit (u ftoh \u2013 vesh nj\u00eb pallto, ra shi \u2013 hapi nj\u00eb \u00e7ad\u00ebr). Trendet singulariteti, q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimin social<\/em> Etapa e evolucionit mund t\u00eb interpretohet si \"singulariteti i inovacioneve intelektuale\". N\u00eb fakt, dekadat e fundit ne e v\u00ebrejm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb singularitet si transformimin e nj\u00eb zinxhiri t\u00eb zbulimeve dhe shpikjeve t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta, t\u00eb ndara m\u00eb par\u00eb nga hap\u00ebsira t\u00eb ndjeshme n\u00eb koh\u00eb, n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjedh\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdueshme t\u00eb risive shkencore dhe teknologjike. Pra, kalimi n\u00eb nj\u00eb faz\u00eb post-sociomotore do t\u00eb shfaqet si nj\u00eb ndryshim n\u00eb shfaqjen e rregullt t\u00eb inovacioneve krijuese (zbulimeve, shpikjeve) n\u00eb gjenerimin e tyre t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuptim, n\u00eb nj\u00ebfar\u00eb m\u00ebnyre mund t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr formimin (pik\u00ebrisht formimin, jo krijimin) e inteligjenc\u00ebs artificiale. Po ashtu si\u00e7 mund t\u00eb quhet \u2018jeta artificiale\u2019 prodhimi dhe p\u00ebrdorimi i pajisjeve adaptuese n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri, dhe vet\u00eb jeta, nga k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimi i riprodhimit t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm t\u00eb sintez\u00ebs organike, mund t\u00eb quhet \u2018sintez\u00eb artificiale\u2019. N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, \u00e7do kalim evolucionar \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur me sigurimin e funksionimit t\u00eb proceseve kryesore t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm evolucionar me m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb reja q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb specifike p\u00ebr t\u00eb. Jeta \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb jo-kimikale e riprodhimit t\u00eb sintez\u00ebs kimike; mendja \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb jo-biologjike p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar jet\u00ebn. Duke vazhduar k\u00ebt\u00eb logjik\u00eb, mund t\u00eb thuhet se sistemi post-shoq\u00ebror do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb \u2018jo-mendore\u2019 p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar aktivitetin intelektual t\u00eb njeriut. Jo n\u00eb kuptimin e \u2018budallait\u2019, por thjesht n\u00eb form\u00eb q\u00eb nuk ka lidhje me aktivitetin e arsyesh\u00ebm t\u00eb njeriut.<\/p>\n

Duke t\u00eb logjik\u00ebs evolucione-hierarkike t\u00eb propozuar, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb shprehet nj\u00eb supozim edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen post-sociomale t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve (elementeve t\u00eb sistemasociologjik). As proceset biologjike nuk e z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuan reagimet kimike, por n\u00eb thelb, vet\u00ebm shfaq\u00ebn nj\u00eb renditje t\u00eb tyre komplekse, ashtu si funksionimi i shoq\u00ebris\u00eb nuk e p\u00ebrjashtoi qenien biologjike (jet\u00ebsore) t\u00eb njeriut \u2014 k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb sistemi post-sociom nuk do t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsoj\u00eb inteligjenc\u00ebn njer\u00ebzore, madje as do ta tejkaloj\u00eb at\u00eb. Sistemi post-sociom do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb N\u00cb baz\u00eb t\u00eb inteligjenc\u00ebs njer\u00ebzore dhe P\u00cbR t\u00eb siguruar aktivitetin e saj.<\/p>\n

Duke p\u00ebrdorur si metod\u00eb t\u00eb parashikimit global analiz\u00ebn e rregullave t\u00eb kalimeve n\u00eb sisteme t\u00eb reja evolucionare (biologjike, shoq\u00ebrore), mund t\u00eb identifikojm\u00eb disa principe t\u00eb kalimit t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm n\u00eb evolucionin post-shoq\u00ebror. (1) Ruajtja dhe stabiliteti i sistemit t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm gjat\u00eb formimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb ri \u2013 njeri dhe njer\u00ebzimi pas kalimit n\u00eb nj\u00eb stad t\u00eb ri t\u00eb evolucionit do t\u00eb ruajn\u00eb parimet e tyre kryesore t\u00eb organizimit shoq\u00ebror. (2) Kalimi pa katastrofa n\u00eb sistemin post-shoq\u00ebror \u2013 kalimi do t\u00eb shfaqet jo n\u00eb shkat\u00ebrrimin e strukturave t\u00eb sistemit aktual evolucionar, por n\u00eb lidhje me formimin e nj\u00eb niveli t\u00eb ri. (3) Pjes\u00ebmarrja absolute e elementeve t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm evolucionar n\u00eb funksionimin e atij pasardh\u00ebs \u2013 njer\u00ebzit do t\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb nj\u00eb proces t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm krijimi n\u00eb sistemin post-shoq\u00ebror, duke mb\u00ebshtetur struktur\u00ebn e tyre shoq\u00ebrore. (4) Pamund\u00ebsia e formulimit t\u00eb principeve t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb ri evolucionar n\u00eb terma t\u00eb atyre t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm \u2013 ne nuk kemi dhe nuk do t\u00eb kemi as nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb, as nocione p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar sistemin post-shoq\u00ebror.<\/p>\n

Sistemi pas-shoq\u00ebror dhe rrjeti informacionit<\/h2>\n

\nT\u00eb gjitha variantet e p\u00ebrshkruara t\u00eb singularitetit, q\u00eb ngren\u00eb alarmin p\u00ebr kalimin evolucionar, jan\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhur sado q\u00eb me p\u00ebrparimin shkencor-teknologjik, dhe m\u00eb sakt\u00ebsisht me zhvillimin e rrjetave informacioni. Singulariteti teknologjik i Vindsit do t\u00eb thot\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrs\u00ebdrejti krijimin e inteligjenc\u00ebs artificiale, nj\u00eb supermendje e aft\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb absorbuar t\u00eb gjitha fushat e veprimtaris\u00eb njerezore. Grafiku q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruan p\u00ebrshpejtimin e evolucionit planetar arrin nj\u00eb pik\u00eb singulariteti, kur frekuenca e ndryshimeve revolucionare, frekuenca e shfaqjes s\u00eb inovatave supozohet se b\u00ebhet e pafund, q\u00eb s\u00ebrish \u00ebsht\u00eb logjikisht e lidhur me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrparim n\u00eb teknologjit\u00eb rrjetore. Singularitetet ekonomike dhe politike \u2013 kombinimi i akteve t\u00eb prodhimit dhe konsumit, af\u00ebrsia e momenteve t\u00eb marrjes s\u00eb vendimeve dhe vler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb rezultateve t\u00eb tij \u2013 gjithashtu jan\u00eb pasoj\u00eb e drejp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb e zhvillimit t\u00eb industris\u00eb informative.<\/p>\n

Analiza e kalimeve evolucionare t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme na sugjeron se sistemi post-shoq\u00ebror duhet t\u00eb realizohet mbi elementet kryesore t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb \u2013 mendjet individuale, t\u00eb bashkuara n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb shoq\u00ebrore (jo-prodhimi). Pra, ashtu si jeta \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrisht siguron sintez\u00eb kimike me metoda jo-kimike (n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet riprodhimit), dhe mendja \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrisht siguron riprodhimin e jet\u00ebs me metoda jo-biologjike (n\u00eb prodhim), sistemi post-shoq\u00ebror duhet t\u00eb kuptohet si di\u00e7ka q\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrisht siguron prodhim t\u00eb arsyesh\u00ebm me metoda jo-shoq\u00ebrore. Nj\u00eb prototip i till\u00eb i sistemit n\u00eb bot\u00ebn moderne, pa dyshim, \u00ebsht\u00eb rrjeti global informacionit. Por, pik\u00ebrisht si prototip \u2013 p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrparuar p\u00ebrtej pik\u00ebs s\u00eb singularitetit, ai vet\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetoj\u00eb jo nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb u transformuar n\u00eb di\u00e7ka t\u00eb vet\u00ebq\u00ebndrueshme, q\u00eb ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb quhet webi semantik.<\/p>\n

Teoria multiversale e v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsis\u00eb<\/h2>\n

\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb diskutuar principet e mundshme t\u00eb organizimit t\u00eb sistemit post-socium dhe transformimin e rrjeteve informacionit moderne, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 konsideratave evolucionare, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb regjistrohen gjithashtu disa baza filozofiko-logjike, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht ato q\u00eb lidhen me marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnien midis ontologjis dhe v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsis\u00eb logjike.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb filozofin\u00eb moderne ekzistojn\u00eb disa teori konkurruese p\u00ebr v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsin\u00eb: teoria p\u00ebrputh\u00ebse, autoritare, pragmatike, konvencionale, koherente dhe disa t\u00eb tjera, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb teorin\u00eb deflacioniste, q\u00eb mohon vet\u00eb nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr konceptin \"v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsi\". Kjo situat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfytyrohet si e zgjidhshme, e aft\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar me fitoren e ndonj\u00eb teorie. M\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, duhet t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuptim t\u00eb parimit t\u00eb rrelative t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsis\u00eb, i cili mund t\u00eb formulohet k\u00ebshtu: v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsia e nj\u00eb propozimi mund t\u00eb konstatoh\u00ebt vet\u00ebm dhe ekskluzivisht brenda kufijve t\u00eb nj\u00eb prej shum\u00eb sistemeve m\u00eb shum\u00eb ose m\u00eb pak t\u00eb mbyllura<\/em>, t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb artikullin \"Teoria multiversale e v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsis\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>\" un\u00eb propozoj t'i quaj bot\u00eb logjike<\/em>. P\u00ebr secilin prej nesh \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn e nj\u00eb propozimi q\u00eb ne e shprehim, i cili pasqyron nj\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb caktuar n\u00eb realitetin personal, n\u00eb ontologjin\u00eb ton\u00eb, nuk nevojitet referenca ndaj ndonj\u00eb teorie t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsis\u00eb: propozimi \u00ebsht\u00eb i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb thjesht p\u00ebr faktin e p\u00ebrfshirjes s\u00eb tij n\u00eb ontologjin\u00eb ton\u00eb, n\u00eb bot\u00ebn ton\u00eb logjike. \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se ekzistojn\u00eb gjithashtu bot\u00eb logjike jasht\u00eb individ\u00ebve, ontologji t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb bashkuar nga nj\u00eb aktivitet t\u00eb caktuar \u2013 shkencor, fetar, artistik etj. Dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se n\u00eb secil\u00ebn prej k\u00ebtyre bot\u00ebve logjike, v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsia e propozimeve regjistrohet ve\u00e7mas \u2013 n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e p\u00ebrfshirjes s\u00eb tyre n\u00eb aktivitetin e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. Pik\u00ebrisht specifika e aktivitetit brenda nj\u00eb ontologjie t\u00eb caktuar p\u00ebrcakton setin e metodave p\u00ebr regjistrimin dhe gjenerimin e propozimeve t\u00eb v\u00ebrteta: n\u00eb disa bot\u00eb dominohet metoda autoritare (n\u00eb fe), n\u00eb t\u00eb tjera ajo koherente (n\u00eb shkenc\u00eb), dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb tjera ajo konvencionale (n\u00eb etike, politik\u00eb).<\/p>\n

Pra, n\u00ebse ne nuk duam t\u00eb kufizojm\u00eb rrjetin semantik duke e p\u00ebrshkruar at\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb sfer\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar (thjesht, realitetin fizik), ne n\u00eb fillim duhet t\u00eb nisim nga mendimi se n\u00eb t\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb logjik\u00eb, nj\u00eb princip t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsis\u00eb \u2013 rrjeti duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohet mbi parimin e barazis\u00eb s\u00eb bot\u00ebve logjike q\u00eb nd\u00ebrthuren, por q\u00eb n\u00eb thelb nuk reduktohen nj\u00ebra n\u00eb tjetr\u00ebn, q\u00eb pasqyrojn\u00eb shum\u00ebllojshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e t\u00eb gjitha aktiviteteve t\u00eb mundshme.<\/p>\n

Ontologjit\u00eb e aktiviteteve<\/h2>\n

\nDhe k\u00ebtu kalojm\u00eb nga filozofia e evolucionit n\u00eb evolucionin e internetit, nga singularitetet hipotetike n\u00eb problemet utilitare t\u00eb web-it semantik.<\/p>\n

Problemet kryesore t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjeti semantik lidhen n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe me kultivimin e nj\u00eb filozofe natyraliste dhe shkencore nga projektuesit e tij, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb me p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb ontologji unike t\u00eb sakt\u00eb, q\u00eb reflekton at\u00eb q\u00eb quhet realiteti objektiv. Dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e kuptueshme se e v\u00ebrteta e propozimeve n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb ontologji duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohet sipas rregullave t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta, sipas nj\u00eb teorie universale t\u00eb s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs (nder t\u00eb cil\u00ebn shpesh n\u00ebnkuptohet teoria korrespondente, pasi b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e propozimeve me nj\u00eb \"realitet objektiv\").<\/p>\n

K\u00ebtu duhet t\u00eb shtrojm\u00eb pyetjen: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruaj\u00eb ontologjia, \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo 'realitet objektiv', me t\u00eb cilin ajo duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrputhet? Nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb pap\u00ebrcaktuar objektesh, e quajtur bot\u00eb, apo nj\u00eb aktivitet t\u00eb caktuar brenda nj\u00eb grupi t\u00eb caktuar objektesh? \u00c7far\u00eb na intereson: realiteti n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi apo marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e fiksuara t\u00eb ngjarjeve dhe objekteve n\u00eb nj\u00eb renditje veprimesh, q\u00eb synojn\u00eb arritjen e rezultateve t\u00eb caktuara? Duke iu p\u00ebrgjigjur k\u00ebtyre pyetjeve, ne duhet t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se ontologjia ka kuptim vet\u00ebm si e fundit dhe ekskluzivisht si ontologji e veprimit (veprimeve). Prandaj, \u00ebsht\u00eb pa kuptim t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ontologji t\u00eb vetme: ka aq shum\u00eb ontologji sa ka aktivitete. Ontologjia nuk duhet shpikur \u2013 ajo duhet zbuluar p\u00ebrmes formalizimit t\u00eb vet\u00eb aktivitetit.<\/p>\n

Sigurisht, \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se, n\u00ebse flasim p\u00ebr ontologjin\u00eb e objekteve gjeografike, ontologjin\u00eb e navigacionit, at\u00ebher\u00eb ajo do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha aktivitetet, t\u00eb paorientuara nga ndryshimi i peizazhit. Por n\u00ebse ne i drejtohemi fusha ku objektet nuk kan\u00eb lidhje fikse me koordinatat hap\u00ebsinore-koordinatave, nuk kan\u00eb lidhje me realitetin fizik, at\u00ebher\u00eb ontologjit\u00eb shumohen pa asnj\u00eb kufizim: ne mund t\u00eb gatuajm\u00eb nj\u00eb pjat\u00eb, t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtojm\u00eb nj\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, t\u00eb krijojm\u00eb nj\u00eb metodologji st\u00ebrvitore, t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb nj\u00eb program p\u00ebr nj\u00eb parti politike, t\u00eb bashkojm\u00eb fjal\u00ebt n\u00eb nj\u00eb poezi n\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb pafund m\u00ebnyrash, dhe secila m\u00ebnyr\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb ontologji e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. Sipas k\u00ebtij kuptimi t\u00eb ontologjive (si m\u00ebnyra p\u00ebr t\u00eb regjistruar nj\u00eb aktivitet t\u00eb caktuar), ato mund dhe duhet t\u00eb krijohen vet\u00ebm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aktivitet t\u00eb caktuar. Sigurisht, me kushtin q\u00eb t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr aktivitete q\u00eb kryhen drejtp\u00ebrs\u00ebdrejti n\u00eb kompjuter ose regjistrohen n\u00eb t\u00eb. Dhe t\u00eb tjerat nuk do t\u00eb mbeten shum\u00eb; ato q\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb 'digitalizohen' nuk na interesojn\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht.<\/p>\n

Ontologjia si rezultati kryesor i aktivitetit<\/h2>\n

\n\u00c7do aktivitet p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga operacione t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta q\u00eb krijojn\u00eb lidhje midis objekteve t\u00eb fush\u00ebs p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse. Aktori (n\u00eb vazhdim do ta quajm\u00eb tradicionalisht p\u00ebrdorues) her\u00eb pas here \u2013 shkruan nj\u00eb artikull shkencor, plot\u00ebson nj\u00eb tabel\u00eb me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna, p\u00ebrgatit nj\u00eb grafik pune \u2013 kryen nj\u00eb set t\u00eb standardizuar operacionesh q\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimisht \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb arritjen e nj\u00eb rezultati t\u00eb fiksuar. Dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rezultat ai sheh kuptimin e aktivitetit t\u00eb tij. Por n\u00ebse e shohim nga pozita jo lokale utilitare, por sistemike globale, at\u00ebher\u00eb vlera kryesore e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb \u00e7do profesionisti q\u00ebndron jo n\u00eb artikullin e radh\u00ebs, por n\u00eb metod\u00ebn e shkruarjes s\u00eb saj, n\u00eb ontologjin\u00eb e aktivitetit. Pra, principi i dyt\u00eb themelor i rrjetit semantik (pas konstatimit 'ontologjit\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb pakufizuara; aq shum\u00eb aktivitete, aq shum\u00eb ontologji') duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb tez\u00eb: kuptimi i \u00e7do aktiviteti nuk q\u00ebndron n\u00eb produktin p\u00ebrfundimtar, por n\u00eb ontologjin\u00eb e regjistruar gjat\u00eb realizimit t\u00eb tij.<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Sigurisht, produkti vet\u00eb, le t\u00eb themi, artikulli, p\u00ebrmban ontologjin\u00eb \u2013 ajo, n\u00eb thelb, \u00ebsht\u00eb ontologjia e shprehur n\u00eb tekst, por n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb ngurt\u00ebsuar produkti \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u analizuar ontologjikisht. Pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb \u2013 produkti p\u00ebrfundimtar t\u00eb aktivitetit \u2013 p\u00ebrplaset me qasjen semantike. Por duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb e qart\u00eb se p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar semantik\u00ebn (ontologjin\u00eb) e tekstit, mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet vet\u00ebm duke pasur ontologjin\u00eb e k\u00ebtij teksti t\u00eb caktuar. T\u00eb kuptuarit e nj\u00eb teksti me nj\u00eb ontologji pak t\u00eb ndryshme (me nj\u00eb terminologji t\u00eb ndryshuar, nj\u00eb rrjet konceptual) \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr nj\u00eb njeri e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, kurse p\u00ebr nj\u00eb program \u00ebsht\u00eb me rrethan\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb nga qasja e propozuar, analizimi i semantik\u00ebs s\u00eb tekstit nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm: n\u00ebse q\u00ebllimi yn\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb zbulojm\u00eb nj\u00eb ontologji t\u00eb caktuar, at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr analizimin e produktit t\u00eb ngurt\u00ebsuar, duhet t\u2019i drejtohemi drejtp\u00ebrdrejt aktivitetit vet\u00eb, gjat\u00eb t\u00eb cilit \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar.<\/p>\n

Parser ontologjik<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00eb thelb, kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se duhet t\u00eb krijohet nj\u00eb ambient software, i cili nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht do t\u00eb ishte dhe nj\u00eb mjet pune p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesin profesionist dhe nj\u00eb parser ontologjik, q\u00eb regjistron t\u00eb gjitha veprimet e tij. P\u00ebrdoruesi nuk k\u00ebrkohet t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa thjesht t\u00eb punoj\u00eb: t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatis\u00eb planin e tekstit, ta redaktoj\u00eb at\u00eb, t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb k\u00ebrkime n\u00eb burime, t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb citate, t\u2019i vendos\u00eb ato n\u00eb seksionet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse, t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb sh\u00ebnime dhe komente, t\u00eb organizoj\u00eb nj\u00eb indeks dhe thesaurus, etj. Sasi t\u00eb maksimumit t\u00eb veprimeve shtes\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte sh\u00ebnimi i termenve t\u00eb rinj dhe lidhja e tyre me ontologjin\u00eb p\u00ebrmes menut\u00eb kontekstuale. Megjithat\u00eb, \u00e7do profesionist do t\u00eb ishte vet\u00ebm i lumtur p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ngarkes\u00eb shtes\u00eb. Pra, detyra \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e qart\u00eb: duhet t\u00eb krijohet nj\u00eb instrument i till\u00eb p\u00ebr profesionist\u00ebt e \u00e7do fushe, nga i cili ata nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb heqin dor\u00eb<\/em>, nj\u00eb instrument q\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm lejon t\u00eb kryhen t\u00eb gjitha operacionet standarde n\u00eb pun\u00ebn me informacionin (grumbullim, procesim, konfigurim), por gjithashtu formalizon automatikisht aktivitetin, nd\u00ebrtimin e ontologjis\u00eb s\u00eb k\u00ebtij aktiviteti dhe, me akumulimin e \"p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebs\", e korrigjon at\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Universi i objekteve dhe ontologjit\u00eb klaster<\/h2>\n

\n \u00cbsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se qasja e p\u00ebrshkruar p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e rrjetit semantik do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb efektive vet\u00ebm n\u00eb rastin e zbatimit t\u00eb parimeve t\u00eb treta: pajtueshm\u00ebris\u00eb programore t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha ontologjive t\u00eb krijuara, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb sigurimi i lidhshm\u00ebris\u00eb sistematike t\u00eb tyre. Pa dyshim, \u00e7do p\u00ebrdorues, \u00e7do profesionist krijon ontologjin\u00eb e tij dhe punon n\u00eb mjedisin e saj, por pajtueshm\u00ebria e ontologjive individuale sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe ideologjis\u00eb s\u00eb organizat\u00ebs do t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb krijimin e nj\u00eb universi t\u00eb vet\u00ebm universi i objekteve<\/em> (t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave).<\/p>\n

Krahasimi automatizuar i ontologjive individuale do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb, duke zbuluar p\u00ebrpjes\u00ebtime t\u00eb tyre, krijimin e ontologjive t\u00eb tematik\u00ebs ontologjit\u00eb klaster<\/em> \u2013 struktura t\u00eb organizuara hierarkikisht dhe jo individuale t\u00eb objekteve. Nd\u00ebrveprimi i ontologjis\u00eb individuale me at\u00eb grumbulluese do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb thjeshtimin e konsideruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb aktivitetit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit, orientimin dhe korrigjimin e tij.<\/p>\n

Unikaliteti i objekteve<\/h2>\n

\nNj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e rrjetit semantik duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb sigurimi i unik\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb objekteve, pa t\u00eb cil\u00ebn \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur t\u00eb realizohet lidhja e ontologjive individuale. P\u00ebr shembull, \u00e7do tekst duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb sistem n\u00eb nj\u00eb kopje t\u00eb vetme \u2013 at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00e7do referenc\u00eb ndaj tij, \u00e7do citim do t\u00eb regjistrohet: p\u00ebrdoruesi mund t\u00eb ndjek\u00eb p\u00ebrfshirjen e tekstit dhe fragmenteve t\u00eb tij n\u00eb ato ose ato grumbuj ose ontologji personale. \u00cbsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se n\u00ebn \"kopjen e vetme\" kuptohet jo ruajtja n\u00eb nj\u00eb server t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, por caktimi i nj\u00eb identifikuesi unik objekti, i cili nuk varet nga vendndodhja. Pra, duhet t\u00eb realizohet parimi i p\u00ebrfundimis\u00eb s\u00eb volumit t\u00eb objekteve unike n\u00eb shum\u00ebllojshm\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe pafund\u00ebsin\u00eb e organizat\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre n\u00eb ontologji.<\/p>\n

Qend\u00ebrzimi te p\u00ebrdoruesi<\/h2>\n

\nNj\u00eb pasoj\u00eb thelb\u00ebsore e organizimin t\u00eb rrjetit semantik sipas skem\u00ebs s\u00eb propozuar do t\u00eb jet\u00eb heqja dor\u00eb nga qendragjith\u00ebsia e faqeve \u2013 struktura e orientuar drejt faqeve n\u00eb internet. Shfaqja dhe ekzistenca e nj\u00eb objekti n\u00eb rrjet do t\u00eb thot\u00eb vet\u00ebm dhe ekskluzivisht caktimin e nj\u00eb identifikuesi unik dhe p\u00ebrfshirjen e tij n\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn nj\u00eb ontologji (p\u00ebr shembull, ontologjin\u00eb individuale t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit q\u00eb e ka vendosur objektin). Nj\u00eb objekt, p\u00ebr shembull, tekst, nuk duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb asnj\u00eb adres\u00eb n\u00eb Web \u2013 ai nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur as me nj\u00eb faqe, as me nj\u00eb sked\u00eb. Nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e vetme p\u00ebr t\u00eb aksesuar tekstin \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqja e tij n\u00eb shfletuesin e p\u00ebrdoruesit pas gjetjes s\u00eb tij n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb ontologji (ose si nj\u00eb objekt autonom ose n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb lidhjeje ose citati). Rrjeti b\u00ebhet ekskluzivisht i orientuar drejt p\u00ebrdoruesit: deri dhe deri para lidhjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit, kemi vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb univers objektesh dhe shum\u00eb ontologjish grumbullushe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuara mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb univers, dhe vet\u00ebm pasi t\u00eb lidhemi ndodhin konfigurimet e universitarit n\u00eb lidhje me struktur\u00ebn e ontologjis\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit \u2013 sigurisht, me mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e kalimit t\u00eb lir\u00eb \"t\u00eb pikave t\u00eb pamjes\", kalimit n\u00eb pozitat e ontologjive t\u00eb tjera, fqinj\u00ebve ose t\u00eb larg\u00ebtve. Funksioni kryesor i shfletuesit b\u00ebhet jo shfaqja e p\u00ebrmbajtjes, por lidhi me ontologjit\u00eb (grumbuj) dhe navigimi n\u00eb to.<\/p>\n

Sh\u00ebrbimet dhe produktet n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb till\u00eb do t\u00eb paraqiten si objekte t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta, fillimisht t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira n\u00eb ontologjit\u00eb e pronar\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre. N\u00ebse n\u00eb aktivitetin e p\u00ebrdoruesit identifikohet nj\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb objekt t\u00eb caktuar, at\u00ebher\u00eb, n\u00ebse ai ekziston n\u00eb sistem, ai do t\u00eb ofrohet automatikisht. (N\u00eb thelb, sipas k\u00ebsaj skeme tani vepron reklama kontekstuale \u2013 n\u00ebse keni k\u00ebrkuar di\u00e7ka, nuk do t\u00eb mbeteni pa oferta.) Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, vet\u00eb nevoja p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb objekt t\u00eb ri (sh\u00ebrbim, produkt) do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb identifikohet p\u00ebrmes analiz\u00ebs s\u00eb ontologjive grumbulluese.<\/p>\n

Natyrisht, n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb orientuar nga p\u00ebrdoruesi, objekti i ofruar do t\u00eb shfaqet n\u00eb shfletuesin e p\u00ebrdoruesit si nj\u00eb widget i inkorporuar. P\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha ofertat (t\u00eb gjitha produktet e prodhuesit ose t\u00eb gjitha tekstet e autorit), p\u00ebrdoruesi duhet t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb n\u00eb ontologjin\u00eb e furnizuesit, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn jan\u00eb sistematisht paraqitur t\u00eb gjith\u00eb objektet e disponueshme p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e jasht\u00ebm. Gjithashtu, rrjeti ofron mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shqyrtuar ontologjit\u00eb e prodhuesve n\u00eb klaster, si dhe, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb interesante dhe e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, informacionin mbi sjelljen e p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb klaster.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfundimi<\/h2>\n

\nPra ndaj, rrjeti informativ i s\u00eb ardhmes paraqitet si nj\u00eb univers i objekteve unike me ontologji t\u00eb individ\u00ebve t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuara mbi to, t\u00eb bashkuara n\u00eb ontologji klasterike. Nj\u00eb objekt p\u00ebrcaktohet dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb i aksesuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb rrjet p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesin vet\u00ebm si i regjistruar n\u00eb nj\u00eb ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb ontologji. Ontologjit\u00eb formohen kryesisht automatikisht p\u00ebrmes p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb aktivitetit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit. Aksesi n\u00eb rrjet organizohet si ekzistenc\u00eb\/aktivitet i p\u00ebrdoruesit brenda ontologjis\u00eb s\u00eb tij me mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e zgjerimit dhe kalimit n\u00eb ontologji t\u00eb tjera. Dhe me siguri sistemi i p\u00ebrshkruar tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb ta quajm\u00eb rrjet \u2013 ne kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me nj\u00eb bot\u00eb virtuale, me nj\u00eb univers t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuar vet\u00ebm pjes\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit n\u00eb form\u00ebn e ontologjis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre individuale \u2013 nj\u00eb realitet virtual privat.<\/p>\n

*
\nN\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim, d\u00ebshiroj t\u00eb theksoj se as aspekti filozofik dhe as ai teknik i singularitetit t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm nuk lidhen me problemin e ashtuquajtur t\u00eb inteligjenc\u00ebs artificiale. Zgjidhja e problemeve praktike kurr\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb krijimin e asaj q\u00eb mund t\u00eb quhet plot\u00ebsisht inteligjenc\u00eb. Dhe ajo e re q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebj\u00eb thelbin e funksionimit t\u00eb nivele evolutive t\u00eb ardhshme, nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb inteligjenc\u00eb - as artificiale, as natyrore. M\u00eb sakt\u00eb, do t\u00eb ishte m\u00eb e drejt\u00eb t\u00eb thuash se ajo do t\u00eb jet\u00eb inteligjenc\u00eb aq sa ne do t\u00eb jemi n\u00eb gjendje ta kuptojm\u00eb me inteligjenc\u00ebn ton\u00eb njer\u00ebzore.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb krijimit t\u00eb sistemeve lokale t\u00eb informacionit, duhet t'i qasemi atyre vet\u00ebm si pajisje teknike dhe t\u00eb mos mendojm\u00eb p\u00ebr momentet filozofike, psikologjike dhe, aq m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, p\u00ebr ato etiko-estetike dhe globale-katastrofike. Megjithat\u00eb, padyshim se do ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb kjo edhe humanist\u00ebt dhe teknik\u00ebt, por arsyetimet e tyre nuk do ta ndihmojn\u00eb as do ta pengojn\u00eb rrjedh\u00ebn e zgjidhjes s\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve krejt\u00ebsisht teknike. E kuptimi filozofik si i gjith\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes evolutive t\u00eb Bot\u00ebs ashtu edhe p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb kalimit t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm hierarkik do t\u00eb vije me vet\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kalim.<\/p>\n

Kalimi vet\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb teknologjik. Por nuk do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb si rezultat i nj\u00eb zgjidhjeje t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. Por nga nj\u00eb mori zgjidhjesh. Duke kaluar nj\u00eb mas\u00eb kritike. Inteligjenca do ta realizoj\u00eb veten n\u00eb 'harduer'. Por jo inteligjenca e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. Dhe jo n\u00eb nj\u00eb pajisje specifike. Dhe ato do t\u00eb jen\u00eb tashm\u00eb jo inteligjenc\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P.S. P\u00ebrpjekja p\u00ebr realizimin e projektit noospherenetwork.com<\/a><\/noindex> (varianti pas testimit fillestar).<\/p>\n

Literatura<\/p>\n

1. Vernor Vinge. Singulariteti teknologjik, www.computerra.ru\/think\/35636<\/a><\/noindex>
\n2. A. D. Panov. P\u00ebrfundimi i ciklit planetar t\u00eb evolucionit? Shkencat filozofike, nr. 3\u20134:42\u201349; 31\u201350, 2005.
\n3. Boldachev A.V. Historia p\u00ebrfundon. Singulariteti politik-kulturor-ekonomik si nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb e gjithanshme e civilizimit. Nj\u00eb perspektiv\u00eb optimiste n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen<\/a><\/noindex>. Sh\u00ebn Petersburg, 2008.
\n4. Boldachev A.V. Struktura e niveleve globale evolucionare<\/a><\/noindex>. Sh\u00ebn Petersburg, 2008.
\n5. Boldachev A.V. Inovacionet. Gjykimet n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb paradigmat evolucionare<\/a><\/noindex>, Sh\u00ebn Petersburg: Botimet e Universitetit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Petersburgut, 2007. \u2014 256 fq.
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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