{"id":39250,"date":"2019-10-31T22:28:41","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:28:41","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:41","slug":"rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody","title":{"rendered":"Kopjimi i rezervave, pjesa 7: P\u00ebrfundime","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kopjimi i rezervave, pjesa 7: P\u00ebrfundime\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/475781030b157d85aa9e9a1dc7ea7c6b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ky kjo sh\u00ebnim p\u00ebrfundon ciklin mbi kopjimin rezerv\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb do t\u00eb flitet p\u00ebr organizimin logjik t\u00eb nj\u00eb serveri t\u00eb dedikuar (ose VPS), i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr kopjim rezerv\u00eb, duke ofruar gjithashtu nj\u00eb variant p\u00ebr rikuperimin e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb serverit nga kopja rezerv\u00eb pa ndonj\u00eb vones\u00eb t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb rast avarie.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ishodnye-dannye\">T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat burimore<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Serveri i dedikuar zakonisht ka t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn dy disqe t\u00eb forta, q\u00eb sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb p\u00ebr organizimin e nj\u00eb matrixi RAID t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb par\u00eb (pasqyr\u00eb). Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar funksionimin e serverit n\u00ebse nj\u00eb disk d\u00ebshton. N\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb server i zakonsh\u00ebm i dedikuar, mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb kontrollues RAID t\u00eb dedikuar, me teknologji aktive t\u00eb caching n\u00eb SSD, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb p\u00ebrve\u00e7 disqeve t\u00eb zakonshm\u00ebs mund t\u00eb lidhet nj\u00eb ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb SSD. Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb ofrohen server\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nga disqet lokale jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm SATADOM (disqe t\u00eb vogla, konstruktivisht \u2014 nj\u00eb stil i vog\u00ebl USB, i lidhur n\u00eb portin SATA),apo ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb nj\u00eb stil i zakonsh\u00ebm i vog\u00ebl (8-16GB) i lidhur n\u00eb nj\u00eb port t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat merren nga nj\u00eb SAN, e lidhur n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb rrjeti t\u00eb dedikuar t\u00eb ruajtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave (Ethernet 10G, FC etj.), ka server\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar, q\u00eb ngarkohen direkt nga SAN. Un\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb shqyrtoj k\u00ebto variante, sepse n\u00eb k\u00ebto raste, detyra e kopjimit rezerv\u00eb kalon n\u00eb specialistin q\u00eb mir\u00ebmban SAN, zakonisht aty ka teknologji t\u00eb ndryshme markash p\u00ebr krijimin e snapshot-eve, deduplication t\u00eb integruar dhe k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb administratorit t\u00eb sistemit, t\u00eb trajtuara n\u00eb pjes\u00ebt e m\u00ebparshme t\u00eb k\u00ebtij cikli. Kapaciteti i disk matriksit t\u00eb serverit t\u00eb dedikuar mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb disa dhjet\u00ebra terabajt\u00eb, var\u00ebsisht nga numri dhe kapaciteti i disqeve t\u00eb lidhura me serverin. N\u00eb rast VPS, kapacitetet jan\u00eb m\u00eb modest: zakonisht jo m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 100GB (por ndodhin edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb), dhe tarifat p\u00ebr k\u00ebto VPS mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb leht\u00ebsisht m\u00eb t\u00eb shtrenjta se ato m\u00eb t\u00eb lira t\u00eb server\u00ebve t\u00eb dedikuar nga ky host. VPS zakonisht ka nj\u00eb disk, sepse n\u00ebn t\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb SAN (ose ndonj\u00eb gj\u00eb hiper-konvergjente). Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb VPS ka disa disqe me karakteristika t\u00eb ndryshme, p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime t\u00eb ndryshme:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>i vog\u00ebl sistemik \u2014 p\u00ebr instalimin e sistemit operativ;<\/li>\n<li>i madh \u2014 p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Kur rikuperimin e sistemit p\u00ebrmes panelit t\u00eb menaxhimit, disku me t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e p\u00ebrdoruesve nuk fshihet, nd\u00ebrsa ai sistemor rishtazi ngarkohet plot\u00ebsisht. Po ashtu, p\u00ebr VPS, ofruesi mund t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb nj\u00eb buton q\u00eb b\u00ebn nj\u00eb snapshot t\u00eb gjendjes s\u00eb VPS (apo disku), megjithat\u00eb, n\u00ebse instaloni sistemin tuaj operativ ose harroni t\u00eb aktivizoni sh\u00ebrbimin e nevojsh\u00ebm brenda VPS-it, pjesa e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave mund t\u00eb humbet gjithsesi. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 butonit zakonisht ofrohet nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim ruajtjeje t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, shpesh shum\u00eb i kufizuar. Zakonisht, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb llogari me qasje p\u00ebrmes protokollit FTP ose SFTP, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb bashk\u00eb me SSH, me nj\u00eb shell t\u00eb kufizuar (p\u00ebr shembull rbash), ose me kufizime n\u00eb ekzekutimin e komandove p\u00ebrmes authorized_keys (n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet ForcedCommand). <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Serveri i dedikuar \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur me rrjetin p\u00ebrmes dy porteve me shpejt\u00ebsi 1 Gbps, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb k\u00ebto mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb karta me shpejt\u00ebsi 10 Gbps. VPS zakonisht ka vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe rrjeti. Zakonisht, qendrat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nuk e kufizojn\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e rrjetit brenda qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, por e kufizojn\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e qasjes n\u00eb internet.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ngarkesa tipike e nj\u00eb serveri t\u00eb dedikuar ose VPS p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nj\u00eb server uebi, nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash dhe nj\u00eb server aplikacionesh. Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb instalohen sh\u00ebrbime ndihm\u00ebse t\u00eb ndryshme, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb p\u00ebr serverin e internetit ose baz\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave: motor k\u00ebrkimi, sistem postar etj.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Si hap\u00ebsir\u00eb p\u00ebr ruajtjen e kopjeve t\u00eb siguris\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb server i p\u00ebrgatitur posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht, p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb do t\u00eb shkruhet m\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb posht\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"logicheskaya-organizaciya-diskovoy-sistemy\">Organizimi logjik i sistemit disk<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse ka nj\u00eb kontrollues RAID, ose n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb VPS me nj\u00eb hard disk, si dhe nuk ka preferenca t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta p\u00ebr funksionimin e sistemit disk (p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb disk t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb p\u00ebr baz\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave) \u2014 t\u00eb gjitha hap\u00ebsirat e lira ndahen k\u00ebshtu: krijohet nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb, mbi t\u00eb krijohet nj\u00eb grup volumesh LVM, n\u00eb t\u00eb krijohen disa volume: 2 t\u00eb vogla me madh\u00ebsi t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren si sistemi i skedar\u00ebve rr\u00ebnj\u00ebsor (ndryshohen nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohen p\u00ebr t\u00eb mund\u00ebsuar rikthim t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb, ideja \u00ebsht\u00eb e marr\u00eb nga shp\u00ebrndarja Calculate Linux), nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr \u2014 p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebn swap, hap\u00ebsira tjet\u00ebr e lir\u00eb ndahet n\u00eb volumin e vogla, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren si sistemi i skedar\u00ebve rr\u00ebnj\u00ebsor p\u00ebr konteiner\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb, disqe p\u00ebr makina virtuale, sisteme skedar\u00ebsh p\u00ebr llogarit\u00eb n\u00eb \/home (secila llogari \u2014 nj\u00eb sistem skedar\u00ebsh p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs), sisteme skedar\u00ebsh p\u00ebr konteiner\u00ebt e aplikacioneve.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb v\u00ebrejtje e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme: volumi duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb vet\u00eb-mjaftuesh\u00ebm, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb, nuk duhet t\u00eb varen as nga nj\u00ebri-tjetri, as nga sistemi i skedar\u00ebve rr\u00ebnj\u00ebsor. N\u00eb rastin e makinave virtuale ose konteiner\u00ebve, ky aspekt respektohet automatikisht. N\u00ebse jan\u00eb konteiner\u00eb aplikacionesh ose kataloge sht\u00ebpiake \u2014 duhet t\u00eb mendoni p\u00ebr ndarjen e skedareve konfiguruese t\u00eb serverit t\u00eb uebit dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb eliminohen sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb var\u00ebsit\u00eb midis volumesh. P\u00ebr shembull, \u00e7do faqe funksionon nga p\u00ebrdoruesi i saj, skedaret konfiguruese t\u00eb faqes jan\u00eb n\u00eb katalogun e p\u00ebrdoruesit, n\u00eb konfigurimet e serverit t\u00eb uebit skedaret konfiguruese t\u00eb faqeve p\u00ebrfshihen jo p\u00ebrmes \/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/<em>.conf, por, p\u00ebr shembull, \/home\/<\/em>\/configs\/nginx\/*.conf<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse jan\u00eb disa disqe \u2014 mund t\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb grumbull softuerik RAID (dhe ta konfiguroni at\u00eb me caching n\u00eb SSD, n\u00ebse ka nevoj\u00eb dhe mund\u00ebsi), mbi t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ta rind\u00ebrtoni LVM sipas rregullave t\u00eb propozuara m\u00eb sip\u00ebr. Gjithashtu n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni ZFS ose BtrFS, por k\u00ebtu duhet t\u00eb mendoni disa her\u00eb: t\u00eb dy k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb nj\u00eb qasje shum\u00eb m\u00eb serioze ndaj burimeve, p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr ZFS nuk vjen me b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn e Linux.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pavar\u00ebsisht nga skema e p\u00ebrdorur, gjithmon\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb parashikohet shpejt\u00ebsia e p\u00ebraf\u00ebrt e shkruarjes s\u00eb ndryshimeve n\u00eb disqe, pas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb llogaritet sasia e hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs s\u00eb lir\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb rezervoheni p\u00ebr krijimin e fotove. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00ebse serveri yn\u00eb do t\u00eb shkruaj\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna me nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi prej 10 megabajt p\u00ebr sekond\u00eb, dhe madh\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrgjithshme e sasis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave \u00ebsht\u00eb 10 terabajt \u2013 koha e sinkronizimit mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb nj\u00eb dit\u00eb (22 or\u00eb \u2013 aq shum\u00eb do t\u00eb transmetohet ky volum p\u00ebrmes rrjetit 1gbps) \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb e rekomandueshme t\u00eb rezervoni rreth 800 gb. N\u00eb realitet, numri do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl, mund t\u00eb ndahet me guxim n\u00eb numrin e v\u00ebllimeve logjike.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ustroystvo-servera-hraneniya-rezervnyh-kopiy\">Pajisja e serverit p\u00ebr ruajtjen e kopjeve rezerv\u00eb<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Dallimi kryesor i serverit p\u00ebr ruajtjen e kopjeve rezerv\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb disqet e m\u00ebdha, t\u00eb lira dhe relativisht t\u00eb ngadalta. Duke qen\u00eb se HDD-t\u00eb moderne tashm\u00eb kan\u00eb kaluar pragun prej 10tb n\u00eb nj\u00eb disk \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme p\u00ebrdorimi i sistemeve t\u00eb skedave ose RAID me kontroll t\u00eb shumave, sepse gjat\u00eb riparimit t\u00eb sasis\u00eb ose rikthimit t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedave (disa dit\u00eb!) mund t\u00eb d\u00ebshtoj\u00eb disku i dyt\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs s\u00eb shtuar. N\u00eb disqet me kapacitet deri n\u00eb 1tb kjo nuk ishte kaq e ndjeshme. P\u00ebr thjesht\u00ebsi, supozoj se hap\u00ebsira disk \u00ebsht\u00eb ndar\u00eb n\u00eb dy pjes\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmasave m\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta (s\u00ebrish, p\u00ebr shembull, me an\u00eb t\u00eb LVM):<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>v\u00ebllime, q\u00eb p\u00ebrputhen n\u00eb serverat, p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve (aty do t\u00eb restaurohet kopja e fundit e b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr verifikim);<\/li>\n<li>v\u00ebllime, p\u00ebrdoren si depozita t\u00eb BorgBackup (k\u00ebtu do t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat p\u00ebr kopjet rezerv\u00eb).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Parimi i funksionimit \u00ebsht\u00eb se krijohen v\u00ebllime t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta p\u00ebr secilin server n\u00ebn depozitat e BorgBackup, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat nga server\u00ebt aktiv. Depozitat operojn\u00eb n\u00eb modalitetin e shtimit vet\u00ebm, q\u00eb p\u00ebrjashton mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e fshirjes s\u00eb q\u00ebllimshme t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, dhe p\u00ebrmes deduplication dhe pastrimit periodik t\u00eb depozitave nga kopjet e vjetra rezerv\u00eb (mbeten kopje vjetore, mujore p\u00ebr vitin e fundit, javore p\u00ebr muajin e fundit, ditore p\u00ebr jav\u00ebn e fundit, ndoshta \u2013 n\u00eb raste t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta \u2013 \u00e7do or\u00eb p\u00ebr dit\u00ebn e fundit: total 24 + 7 + 4 + 12 + vjetore \u2013 rreth 50 kopje p\u00ebr \u00e7do server).<br \/>\nN\u00eb depol e BorgBackup nuk aktivizohet m\u00ebnyra e vet\u00ebm shtimit, p\u00ebrkundrazi p\u00ebrdoret ForcedCommand n\u00eb .ssh\/authorized_keys rreth k\u00ebsaj skeme:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">from=\"adres\u00eb e serverit\",command=\"\/usr\/local\/bin\/borg serve --append-only --restrict-to-path \/home\/servername\/borgbackup\/\",no-pty,no-agent-forwarding,no-port-forwarding,no-X11-forwarding,no-user-rc AAAAA.......<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e caktuar \u00ebsht\u00eb vendosur nj\u00eb skript mb\u00ebshtjell\u00ebs mbi borg, i cili, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se nis binarin me parametrat, gjithashtu nis procesin e rikuperimit t\u00eb kopjes rezerv\u00eb pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb shkarkimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, skripti mb\u00ebshtjell\u00ebs krijon nj\u00eb sked\u00eb treguese pran\u00eb dep\u00f2s q\u00eb i p\u00ebrket. Kopja e fundit e b\u00ebr\u00eb pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb procesit t\u00eb ngarkimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave rikuperohet automatikisht n\u00eb volumet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse logjike.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Kjo konstrukcion lejon pastrimin e rregullt t\u00eb kopjeve rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb panevojshme, si dhe nuk lejon server\u00ebt aktiv\u00eb t\u00eb fshijn\u00eb asgj\u00eb n\u00eb serverin e ruajtjes s\u00eb kopjeve rezerv\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"process-rezervnogo-kopirovaniya\">Pro\u00e7esi i kopjimit rezerv\u00eb<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Iniciatori i kopjimit rezerv\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00eb serveri i dedikuar ose VPS, pasi kjo skem\u00eb ofron m\u00eb shum\u00eb kontroll mbi procesin e kopjimit rezerv\u00eb nga ky server. S\u00eb pari b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb imazh i gjendjes s\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve aktiv\u00eb t\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00ebs, i cili montohet dhe ngarkohet me BorgBackup n\u00eb serverin e ruajtjes s\u00eb kopjeve rezerv\u00eb. Pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb shkarkimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, imazhi shk\u00ebputet dhe fshihet.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb rast se ka nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash (deri n\u00eb 1 GB p\u00ebr \u00e7do uebfaqe), b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb dump i baz\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, i cili ruhet n\u00eb volumet logjike p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse, aty ku ndodhen t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e tjera t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj uebfaqe, por n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb dump-i t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb i aksesuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes serverit t\u00eb uebit. N\u00ebse bazat jan\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, duhet t\u00eb konfigurohet nj\u00eb proces i 'ngrohjes' p\u00ebr marrjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, p\u00ebr shembull p\u00ebrmes xtrabackup p\u00ebr MySQL, ose t\u00eb punohet me WAL me archive_command n\u00eb PostgreSQL. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, baza e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave do t\u00eb rikuperohet ve\u00e7mas nga t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e uebfaqeve.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse p\u00ebrdoren kontejner\u00eb ose makina virtuale \u2014 duhet t\u00eb konfigurohet qemu-guest-agent, CRIU ose teknologjit\u00eb e tjera t\u00eb nevojshme. N\u00eb rastet e tjera, shpesh nuk do t\u00eb nevojiten konfigurime shtes\u00eb \u2014 thjesht krijojm\u00eb imazhe t\u00eb volumit logjik, t\u00eb cilat m\u00eb pas trajtohen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb si imazhi i gjendjes s\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00ebs. Pas shkarkimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, imazhet fshihen.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Puna e m\u00ebtejshme vazhdon n\u00eb serverin e ruajtjes s\u00eb kopjeve rezerv\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>kontrollohet kopja e fundit e b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do depo<\/li>\n<li>kontrollohet prania e nj\u00eb skedari sh\u00ebnjues q\u00eb tregon se procesi i nxjerrjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave ka p\u00ebrfunduar<\/li>\n<li>po kryhet rikthimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb volumet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs lokal<\/li>\n<li>fshihet skedari sh\u00ebnjues<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"process-vosstanovleniya-rabotosposobnosti-servera\">Procesi i rikthimit n\u00eb funksionalitet t\u00eb serverit<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse serveri kryesor d\u00ebshtoi, menj\u00ebher\u00eb aktivizohet nj\u00eb server i dedikuar ekuivalent, i cili ngarkohet nga ndonj\u00eb imazh standard. M\u00eb s\u00eb shumti ngarkimi do t\u00eb ndodhi p\u00ebrmes rrjetit, megjithat\u00eb tekniku i Qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave, i cili b\u00ebn konfigurimin e serverit, mund t\u00eb kopjoj\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb imazh standard n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga disk\u00ebt. Ngarkimi ndodh n\u00eb memorien e p\u00ebrkohshme, dhe pastaj fillon procesi i rikthimit:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb p\u00ebr lidhjen e nj\u00eb pajisjeje bllokuese p\u00ebrmes iscsinbd ose nj\u00eb protokoll tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm t\u00eb volumit logjik, i cili p\u00ebrmban sistemin e skedar\u00ebve themelor t\u00eb serverit t\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar; p\u00ebr shkak se sistemi i skedar\u00ebve themelor duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb i vog\u00ebl \u2013 ky hap duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundoj\u00eb brenda disa minutash. Gjithashtu, rikonstruktohet ngarkuesi;<\/li>\n<li>rind\u00ebrtohet struktura e volumet logjike lokale, lidhin volumet logjike nga serveri rezerv\u00eb p\u00ebrmes modulit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs dm_clone: fillon rikthimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe ndryshimet regjistrohen menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb disk\u00ebt lokal\u00eb<\/li>\n<li>nisi nj\u00eb kontejner me t\u00eb gjith\u00eb disk\u00ebt fizik\u00eb t\u00eb disponuesh\u00ebm \u2013 rikthehet plot\u00ebsisht funksionaliteti i serverit, por me performanc\u00eb t\u00eb reduktuar;<\/li>\n<li>pasi t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundoj\u00eb sinkronizimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, volumet logjike nga serveri rezerv\u00eb ndahen, kontejneri ndizet, serveri rindez;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pas rindezjes, serveri do t\u00eb ket\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat q\u00eb ishin n\u00eb momentin e krijimit t\u00eb kopj\u00ebs rezerv\u00eb, si dhe do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshij\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha ndryshimet q\u00eb jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb gjat\u00eb procesit t\u00eb rikthimit.<\/p>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Artikuj t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb ciklit<\/b><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/449282\/\">Kopjimi i rezervave, pjesa 1: Pse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme kopjimi i rezervave, nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje e metodave, teknologjive<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/452630\/\">Kopjimi i rezervave, pjesa 2: P\u00ebrmbledhje dhe testim i mjeteve p\u00ebr kopje rezerv\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb rsync<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/454420\/\">Kopjimi i rezervave, pjesa 3: P\u00ebrmbledhje dhe testim i duplicity, duplicati<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/454734\/#first_unread\">Kopjimi i rezervave, pjesa 4: P\u00ebrmbledhje dhe testim i zbackup, restic, borgbackup<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/459550\/\">Backup, pjesa 5: Testimi i Bacula dhe Veeam Backup p\u00ebr Linux<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/468963\/\">Kopjimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave: pjesa sipas k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb lexuesve: p\u00ebrmbledhje AMANDA, UrBackup, BackupPC<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/470802\/\">Kopjimi i rezervave, pjesa 6: Krahasimi i mjeteve p\u00ebr kopje rezerv\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nKopjimi i rezervave, pjesa 7: P\u00ebrfundime<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ju ftoj t\u00eb diskutojm\u00eb variantin e propozuar n\u00eb komentet, faleminderit p\u00ebr v\u00ebmendjen!<\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/472776\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u043e \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c \u043e \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 VPS), \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u0418\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0412\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 RAID \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":29456,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 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