{"id":39250,"date":"2019-10-31T22:28:41","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:28:41","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:41","slug":"rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody","title":{"rendered":"Kopjimi, pjesa 7: P\u00ebrfundimet","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kopjimi, pjesa 7: P\u00ebrfundimet\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/475781030b157d85aa9e9a1dc7ea7c6b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Kythish sh\u00ebnim p\u00ebrfundon ciklin mbi kopjimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Do t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr organizimin logjik t\u00eb serverit t\u00eb dedikuar (ose VPS), i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr kopjim, si dhe do t\u00eb ofrohet nj\u00eb opsion p\u00ebr rikuperimin e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb serverit nga kopja e siguris\u00eb pa vonesa t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme n\u00eb rast aksidenti.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ishodnye-dannye\">T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat fillestare<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Serveri i dedikuar zakonisht ka t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn dy disqe t\u00eb ngurta, t\u00eb cilat sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb p\u00ebr organizimin e nj\u00eb grumbulli RAID t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb par\u00eb (mirror). Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar pun\u00ebn e serverit n\u00ebse nj\u00eb disk d\u00ebshton. N\u00ebse ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb server i zakonsh\u00ebm i dedikuar \u2014 mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb kontrollues RAID t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, me nj\u00eb teknologji aktivizimi t\u00eb memorizimit n\u00eb SSD, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrve\u00e7 disqeve t\u00eb zakonshme t\u00eb ngurta mund t\u00eb lidhet nj\u00eb ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb SSD. Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb ofrohen server\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar q\u00eb kan\u00eb vet\u00ebm SATADOM (disqe t\u00eb vogla, t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar si nj\u00eb flash drive, t\u00eb lidhur n\u00eb portin SATA), ose ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb ka nj\u00eb flash drive t\u00eb zakonshme t\u00eb vog\u00ebl (8-16GB), e lidhur n\u00eb nj\u00eb port t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat merr\u00ebn nga nj\u00eb SAN, e lidhur p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb rrjeti t\u00eb dedikuar p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave (Ethernet 10G, FC, etj.), dhe jan\u00eb disa server\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar q\u00eb ngarkohen direkt nga SAN. Nuk do t'i shqyrtoj k\u00ebto variante, pasi n\u00eb k\u00ebto raste detyra e kopjimit t\u00eb serverit kalon te specialisti q\u00eb mir\u00ebmban SAN, zakonisht ka teknologji t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr krijimin e imazheve t\u00eb gjendjes, deduplication t\u00eb integruar dhe k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebr administrat\u00ebn, t\u00eb trajtuara n\u00eb pjes\u00ebt e m\u00ebparshme t\u00eb k\u00ebtij cikli. Kapaciteti i grumbullit t\u00eb disqeve t\u00eb serverit t\u00eb dedikuar mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb disa dhjet\u00ebra terabajt, n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb numrit dhe kapacitetit t\u00eb disqeve t\u00eb lidhura me serverin. N\u00eb rastin e VPS, kapaciteti \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb modest: zakonisht jo m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 100GB (por ndodhin edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha), dhe tarifat p\u00ebr k\u00ebto VPS mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb shtrenjta se server\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb lir\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar nga ky host. N\u00eb VPS zakonisht ka nj\u00eb disk, sepse n\u00ebn t\u00eb ndodhet SAN (ose di\u00e7ka hiper-konverguese). Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb VPS ka disa disqe me karakteristika t\u00eb ndryshme, p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime t\u00eb ndryshme:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>i vog\u00ebl sistemor \u2014 p\u00ebr instalimin e sistemit operativ;<\/li>\n<li>i madh \u2014 p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Gjat\u00eb ri-instalimit t\u00eb sistemit me mjete t\u00eb panelit t\u00eb menaxhimit, disku me t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e p\u00ebrdoruesve nuk fshihet, nd\u00ebrsa disku sistemor p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet plot\u00ebsisht. Po ashtu n\u00eb rastin e VPS, hosti mund t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb nj\u00eb buton q\u00eb b\u00ebn nj\u00eb fotografi t\u00eb gjendjes s\u00eb VPS (ose disku), megjithat\u00eb n\u00ebse instaloni sistemin tuaj operativ ose harroni t\u00eb aktivizoni sh\u00ebrbimin e nevojsh\u00ebm brenda VPS \u2014 disa t\u00eb dh\u00ebna mund t\u00eb humben. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 butonit zakonisht ofrohet nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, shumic\u00ebn e her\u00ebve shum\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuar. Zakonisht \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb llogari me qasje n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet protokollit FTP ose SFTP, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb s\u00eb bashku me SSH, me nj\u00eb shell t\u00eb reduktuar (p\u00ebr shembull rbash), ose me kufizime n\u00eb ekzekutimin e komandave p\u00ebrmes authorized_keys (n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet ForcedCommand). <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Serveri i dedikuar \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur me rrjetin me dy porte me nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi prej 1Gbit\/s, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb karta me shpejt\u00ebsi 10Gbit\/s. N\u00eb VPS nd\u00ebrfaqja rrjet\u00ebrore zakonisht \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb. Zakonisht, qendrat e dh\u00ebnash nuk kufizojn\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e rrjetit brenda qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, por kufizojn\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e qasjes n\u00eb internet.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ngarkesa tipike e nj\u00eb serveri t\u00eb till\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar ose VPS p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nj\u00eb server web, baz\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash, server aplikacionesh. Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb instalohen sh\u00ebrbime ndihm\u00ebse t\u00eb ndryshme, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb p\u00ebr serverin web ose baz\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave: motor k\u00ebrkimi, sistem postal, etj.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Si hap\u00ebsira p\u00ebr ruajtjen e kopjimeve, sh\u00ebrben nj\u00eb server i p\u00ebrgatitur posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin do t\u00eb flitet m\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"logicheskaya-organizaciya-diskovoy-sistemy\">Organizimi logjik i sistemit t\u00eb disqeve<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse ka nj\u00eb kontrollues RAID, ose kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb VPS me nj\u00eb disk, dhe gjithashtu nuk ka preferenca t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta p\u00ebr funksionimin e sistemit t\u00eb disqeve (p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb disk t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr baz\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave) \u2014 gjith\u00eb hap\u00ebsira e lir\u00eb ndahet k\u00ebshtu: krijohet nj\u00eb ndarje, mbi t\u00eb krijohet nj\u00eb grup volumesh LVM, n\u00eb t\u00eb krijohen disa v\u00ebllime: 2 t\u00eb vogla, t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn madh\u00ebsi, t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura si sistem skedar rr\u00ebnj\u00ebsor (ndryshohen alternativisht gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimeve p\u00ebr mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e rikthimit t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb, ideja \u00ebsht\u00eb e marra nga distribuimi Calculate Linux), nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr \u2014 p\u00ebr ndarjen e ndihm\u00ebs, hap\u00ebsira tjet\u00ebr e lir\u00eb ndahet n\u00eb v\u00ebllime t\u00eb vogla, t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura si sistem skedar rr\u00ebnj\u00ebsor p\u00ebr konteiner\u00ebt e plote, disqe p\u00ebr makinat virtuale, sisteme skedar\u00ebsh p\u00ebr llogarit\u00eb n\u00eb \/home (\u00e7do llogari \u2014 sistemi i saj skedar), sisteme skedar\u00ebsh p\u00ebr konteiner\u00ebt e aplikacioneve.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Kujdes i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm: volume duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb pavarura, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb nuk duhet t\u00eb varen as nga nj\u00ebri-tjetri, as nga sistemi i skedar\u00ebve rr\u00ebnj\u00eb. N\u00eb rastin e makinave virtuale ose konteiner\u00ebve, ky aspekt respektohet automatikisht. N\u00ebse jan\u00eb konteiner\u00eb aplikacionesh ose katalog\u00eb sht\u00ebpiak\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb mendohet p\u00ebr ndarjen e skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb konfigurimit t\u00eb serverit t\u00eb uebit dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb minimizohet var\u00ebsia mes volumeve. P\u00ebr shembull, \u00e7do faqe punon n\u00ebn nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb vet, skedar\u00ebt e konfigurimit t\u00eb faqes jan\u00eb n\u00eb katalogun sht\u00ebpiak t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit, skedar\u00ebt e konfigurimit t\u00eb faqeve n\u00eb konfigurimet e serverit t\u00eb uebit p\u00ebrfshihen jo p\u00ebrmes \/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/<em>.conf, por, p\u00ebr shembull, \/home\/<\/em>\/configs\/nginx\/*.conf<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse ka disa disqe, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb krijosh nj\u00eb grup RAID (dhe ta konfigurosh caching-in n\u00eb SSD, n\u00ebse ka nevoj\u00eb dhe mund\u00ebsi), mbi t\u00eb cilin t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtosh LVM sipas rregullave t\u00eb propozuara m\u00eb lart. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren gjithashtu ZFS ose BtrFS, por k\u00ebtu duhet t\u00eb mendosh disa her\u00eb: t\u00eb dyja k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb nj\u00eb qasje m\u00eb serioze ndaj burimeve, dhe p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr ZFS nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb paket\u00ebn e kernel-it t\u00eb Linux-it.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pavar\u00ebsisht skem\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur, gjithmon\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb parashikohet paraprakisht shpejt\u00ebsia e p\u00ebraf\u00ebrt e shkruajtjes s\u00eb ndryshimeve n\u00eb disqe, e m\u00eb pas t\u00eb llogaritet madh\u00ebsia e hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs s\u00eb lir\u00eb, e cila do t\u00eb rezervoj\u00eb p\u00ebr krijimin e kopjeve. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00ebse serveri yn\u00eb do t\u00eb shkruaj\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna me shpejt\u00ebsi 10 megabajt n\u00eb sekond\u00eb, dhe madh\u00ebsia e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb grupit me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna \u00ebsht\u00eb 10 terabajt \u2013 koha e sinkronizimit mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb deri n\u00eb nj\u00eb dit\u00eb (22 or\u00eb \u2013 aq do t\u00eb transferohet ky volum p\u00ebrmes rrjetit 1gbit\/sec) \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb rezervohen rreth 800 GB. N\u00eb realitet, numri do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl, mund t\u00eb ndajm\u00eb at\u00eb me numrin e volumeve logjik\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ustroystvo-servera-hraneniya-rezervnyh-kopiy\">Pajisja e serverit p\u00ebr ruajtjen e kopjeve rezerv\u00eb<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Dallimi kryesor i serverit p\u00ebr ruajtjen e kopjeve rezerv\u00eb jan\u00eb disqet e m\u00ebdha, t\u00eb lira dhe relativisht t\u00eb ngadalta. Duke marr\u00eb parasysh q\u00eb HDD-t\u00eb moderne tashm\u00eb kan\u00eb kaluar pragun prej 10t\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb disk \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme p\u00ebrdorimi i sistemeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve ose RAID me kontrollsum\u00eb, sepse gjat\u00eb rikonstruksionit t\u00eb grupit ose rikuperimit t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve (disa dit\u00eb!) mund t\u00eb d\u00ebshtoj\u00eb disku i dyt\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs s\u00eb rritur. N\u00eb disqet me kapacitet deri n\u00eb 1t\u00eb kjo nuk ishte aq e ndjeshme. P\u00ebr thjesht\u00ebsi, do t\u00eb supozoj se hap\u00ebsira diskore ndahet n\u00eb dy pjes\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb ose m\u00eb pak t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta n\u00eb madh\u00ebsi (p\u00ebrs\u00ebri, p\u00ebr shembull, me ndihm\u00ebn e LVM):<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>volume, q\u00eb p\u00ebrputhen me server\u00ebt, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve (n\u00eb to do t\u00eb shtrihet kopja m\u00eb e fundit e b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr verifikim);<\/li>\n<li>volume, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren si repozitoriume p\u00ebr BorgBackup (k\u00ebtu do t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat p\u00ebr kopjet rezerv\u00eb).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Parimi i pun\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb se krijohen volume t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta p\u00ebr \u00e7do server n\u00ebn repozitoriumet BorgBackup, ku do t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat nga server\u00ebt operativ\u00eb. Repozitoriumet punojn\u00eb n\u00eb modin e vet\u00ebm shtes\u00eb, \u00e7ka p\u00ebrjashton mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e fshirjes s\u00eb q\u00ebllimshme t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, dhe fal\u00eb dedupikimit dhe pastrimit t\u00eb periodik t\u00eb repozitoriumeve nga kopjet rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra (mbeten kopje vjetore, mujore p\u00ebr vitin e fundit, javore p\u00ebr muajin e fundit, ditore p\u00ebr jav\u00ebn e fundit, ndoshta \u2013 n\u00eb raste t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta \u2013 \u00e7do or\u00eb p\u00ebr dit\u00ebn e fundit: n\u00eb total 24 + 7 + 4 + 12 + vjetore \u2013 rreth 50 kopje p\u00ebr \u00e7do server).<br \/>\nN\u00eb repozitoriumet BorgBackup nuk aktivizohet moda vet\u00ebm shtes\u00eb, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb saj p\u00ebrdoret ForcedCommand n\u00eb .ssh\/authorized_keys n\u00eb nj\u00eb plan t\u00eb till\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">from=\"adresa e serverit\",command=\"\/usr\/local\/bin\/borg serve --append-only --restrict-to-path \/home\/servername\/borgbackup\/\",no-pty,no-agent-forwarding,no-port-forwarding,no-X11-forwarding,no-user-rc AAAAA.......<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb at\u00eb rrug\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vendosur nj\u00eb skenar-mb\u00ebshtjell\u00ebs mbi borg, i cili, p\u00ebrve\u00e7se nisin binarin me parametrat, gjithashtu nisin procesin e rikuperimit t\u00eb kopjes rezerv\u00eb pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb kapjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, skripta-mb\u00ebshtjell\u00ebs krijon nj\u00eb file-shenj\u00eb pran\u00eb repozitoriumit p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs. Kopja e fundit e b\u00ebr\u00eb pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb procesit t\u00eb ngarkimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave rikuperohet automatikisht n\u00eb volumin p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs logjik.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Kjo struktur\u00eb lejon pastrimin periodik t\u00eb kopjeve rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb panevojshme, si dhe nuk lejon server\u00ebt operativ\u00eb t\u00eb fshijn\u00eb asgj\u00eb n\u00eb serverin e ruajtjes s\u00eb kopjeve rezerv\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"process-rezervnogo-kopirovaniya\">Procesi i kopjimit rezerv\u00eb<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Iniciatori i kopjimit \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00eb serveri i dedikuar ose VPS, pasi kjo skem\u00eb ofron m\u00eb shum\u00eb kontroll mbi procesin e kopjimit nga ana e k\u00ebtij serveri. N\u00eb fillim b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb skenim i gjendjes s\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve rr\u00ebnjor aktiv, i cili monton dhe ngarkohet me ndihm\u00ebn e BorgBackup n\u00eb serverin e ruajtjes s\u00eb kopjeve. Pasi t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundoj\u00eb heqja e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, skenimi shk\u00ebputet dhe fshihet.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb rast se ka nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash t\u00eb vog\u00ebl (deri n\u00eb 1 GB p\u00ebr \u00e7do faqe), b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb dump i baz\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, i cili ruhet n\u00eb volum logjik p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs, aty ku ndodhen t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj faqe, por n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb dump-i t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb i aksesuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes serverit web. N\u00ebse bazat jan\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha - duhet t\u00eb konfigurohet 'heti' heqja e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, p\u00ebr shembull me ndihm\u00ebn e xtrabackup p\u00ebr MySQL, ose funksionimi i WAL me archive_command n\u00eb PostgreSQL. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, baza e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave do t\u00eb rikuperohet ve\u00e7mas nga t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e faqeve.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse p\u00ebrdoren kontejner\u00eb ose makina virtuale - duhet t\u00eb konfigurohet qemu-guest-agent, CRIU ose teknologjit\u00eb e tjera t\u00eb nevojshme. N\u00eb raste t\u00eb tjera, nuk do t\u00eb nevojiten konfigurime t\u00eb tjera - thjesht krijojm\u00eb skenime t\u00eb volumeve logjike, t\u00eb cilat m\u00eb pas p\u00ebrpunohen si skenimi i gjendjes s\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve rr\u00ebnjor. Pasi t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundoj\u00eb heqja e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, skenimet fshihen.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Puna e m\u00ebtejshme zhvillohet n\u00eb serverin e ruajtjes s\u00eb kopjeve:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>kontrollohet kopja e fundit e b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do repository,<\/li>\n<li>kontrollohet n\u00ebse ka nj\u00eb sked\u00eb etikete q\u00eb tregon se procesi i heqjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar,<\/li>\n<li>kryhet zhvillimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb volum lokal p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs,<\/li>\n<li>fshihet skeda etiket\u00eb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"process-vosstanovleniya-rabotosposobnosti-servera\">Procesi i rikuperimit t\u00eb funksionit t\u00eb serverit<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse serveri kryesor d\u00ebshton, fillohet nj\u00eb server i dedikuar i ngjash\u00ebm, i cili ngarkohet nga nj\u00eb imazh standard. M\u00eb s\u00eb shumti, ngarkimi do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb p\u00ebrmes rrjetit, por tekniku i DC-s\u00eb, i cili kryen konfigurimin e serverit, mund t\u00eb kopjoj\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb imazh standard n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga disqet. Ngarkimi ndodh n\u00eb memorie, pas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs fillon procesi i rikuperimit:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>kryhet nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u bashkuar me pajisjen bllokuese p\u00ebrmes iscsinbd ose nj\u00eb protokolli tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm t\u00eb volumit logjik, q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban sistemin e skedar\u00ebve rr\u00ebnjor t\u00eb serverit t\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar; pasi sistemi i skedar\u00ebve rr\u00ebnjor duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb i vog\u00ebl - kjo faz\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundoj\u00eb p\u00ebr disa minuta. Po ashtu, kryhet rikuperimi i boot loader-it;<\/li>\n<li>strukturat e volumeve logjike lokale rip\u00ebrt\u00ebrriten, volume logjike nga serveri i rezervave lidhen me ndihm\u00ebn e modulit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs dm_clone: fillon rikuperimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, dhe ndryshimet regjistrohen menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb disqet lokale<\/li>\n<li>nj\u00eb kontejner me t\u00eb gjitha disqet fizike t\u00eb disponueshme ngarkohet - rikuperohet plot\u00ebsisht funksionimi i serverit, por me performanc\u00eb t\u00eb ulur;<\/li>\n<li>pasi p\u00ebrfundon sinkronizimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, volume logjike nga serveri i rezervave shk\u00ebputen, kontejneri fiket, serveri rimbush.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pas rimbushjes, serveri do t\u00eb ket\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat q\u00eb ishin n\u00eb momentin e krijimit t\u00eb kopjes s\u00eb rezerv\u00ebs, si dhe do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshij\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha ndryshimet q\u00eb u b\u00ebn\u00eb gjat\u00eb procesit t\u00eb rikuperimit.<\/p>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Artikujt e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb ciklit<\/b><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/449282\/\">Kopjimi, pjesa 1: Pse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme kopjimi, nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje e metodave, teknologjive<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/452630\/\">Kopjimi, pjesa 2: P\u00ebrmbledhje dhe testim i mjeteve p\u00ebr kopjimin q\u00eb bazohen n\u00eb rsync<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/454420\/\">Kopjimi, pjesa 3: P\u00ebrmbledhje dhe testim i duplicity, duplicati<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/454734\/#first_unread\">Kopjimi, pjesa 4: P\u00ebrmbledhje dhe testim i zbackup, restic, borgbackup<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/459550\/\">Backup, pjesa 5: Testimi i Bacula dhe Veeam Backup p\u00ebr Linux<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/468963\/\">Kopjimi: pjes\u00eb sipas k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb lexuesve: shqyrtimi i AMANDA, UrBackup, BackupPC<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/470802\/\">Backup, pjesa 6: Krahasimi i mjeteve t\u00eb backup-it<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nKopjimi, pjesa 7: P\u00ebrfundimet<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ju ftoj t\u00eb diskutojm\u00eb variantin e propozuar n\u00eb komentet, faleminderit p\u00ebr v\u00ebmendjen!<\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/472776\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u043e \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c \u043e \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 VPS), \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u0418\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0412\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 RAID \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":29456,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 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