{"id":40138,"date":"2020-01-31T20:49:06","date_gmt":"2020-01-31T17:49:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/katastrofoustojchivoe-oblako-kak-eto-rabotaet"},"modified":"2020-01-31T20:49:06","modified_gmt":"2020-01-31T17:49:06","slug":"katastrofoustojchivoe-oblako-kak-eto-rabotaet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/katastrofoustojchivoe-oblako-kak-eto-rabotaet","title":{"rendered":"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>P\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetje, Habr! <\/p>\n<p>Pas festave t\u00eb Vitit t\u00eb Ri, rifilluam cloud-in e q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm ndaj katastrofave n\u00eb dy lokacione. Sot do t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn si \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar dhe do t\u00eb tregojm\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb ndodh me makinat virtuale t\u00eb klient\u00ebve n\u00eb rastin e d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb elementeve t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb klas\u00ebs dhe r\u00ebnies s\u00eb nj\u00eb lokacioni t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb (spoiler \u2013 gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rregull me to). <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/58b56261b55785a76bce3e754c86f6a9.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Sistemi i ruajtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb cloud-it t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm ndaj katastrofave n\u00eb lokacionin OST.<\/i><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>\u00c7far\u00eb ka brenda<\/h3>\n<p>\nN\u00ebn kapu\u00e7in e klas\u00ebs jan\u00eb server\u00ebt Cisco UCS me hipervizorin VMware ESXi, dy Sisteme t\u00eb Ruajtjes INFINIDAT InfiniBox F2240, pajisjet rrjetore Cisco Nexus, si dhe switch-et SAN Brocade. Klasa \u00ebsht\u00eb e shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb dy lokacione \u2013 OST dhe NORD, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se n\u00eb \u00e7do qend\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave ka nj\u00eb grup identik pajisjesh. Kjo n\u00eb vetvete e b\u00ebn at\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm ndaj katastrofave. <\/p>\n<p>Brenda nj\u00eb lokacioni, element\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb gjithashtu jan\u00eb t\u00eb kopjuar (host-\u00ebt, switch-et SAN, rrjeti).<br \/>\nDy lokacione jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura me linja t\u00eb dedikuara optike, t\u00eb rezervuara gjithashtu.<\/p>\n<p>Pak fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr sistemin e ruajtjes. Variantin e par\u00eb t\u00eb cloud-it t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm ndaj katastrofave e nd\u00ebrtuam mbi NetApp. K\u00ebtu zgjodh\u00ebm INFINIDAT, dhe ja pse:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Opsioni i replikimit Active-Active. Ai lejon q\u00eb makina virtuale t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb edhe n\u00eb rastin e d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebrit nga sistemet e ruajtjes. Do flas m\u00eb n\u00eb detaje p\u00ebr replikimin m\u00eb von\u00eb.<\/li>\n<li>Tre kontroler\u00ebt e disqeve p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e sistemit. Zakonisht jan\u00eb dy.<\/li>\n<li>Zgjidhje e gatshme. Na erdhi nj\u00eb raft i gatuar tashm\u00eb, i cili duhet vet\u00ebm t\u00eb lidhet me rrjetin dhe t\u00eb konfigurohet.<\/li>\n<li>Mb\u00ebshtetje teknike e kujdesshme. Inxhinier\u00ebt e INFINIDAT vazhdimisht analizojn\u00eb log-et dhe ngjarjet e sistemit t\u00eb ruajtjes, instalojn\u00eb versionet e reja t\u00eb firmware-it, ndihmojn\u00eb me konfigurimin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nJa pak foto nga unpacking:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/b953a56bba9f0308f5fe1b27b356683b.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/94b5ceb8565ebe1ef2aacff943e1a9d0.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>Si funksionon<\/h3>\n<p>\nCloud-i tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm ndaj d\u00ebshtimeve. Ai mbron klientin nga defekte t\u00eb vetme harduerike dhe programore. Q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebria ndaj katastrofave do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur nga d\u00ebshtimet masive brenda nj\u00eb lokacioni: p\u00ebr shembull, d\u00ebshtimi i sistemit t\u00eb ruajtjes (ose i klas\u00ebs SDS, q\u00eb ndodh shpesh \ud83d\ude42), gabime masive n\u00eb rrjetin e ruajtjes dhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb. Dhe m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja: nj\u00eb cloud i till\u00eb shp\u00ebton kur nj\u00eb lokacion i t\u00ebr\u00eb b\u00ebhet i paq\u00ebndrish\u00ebm p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nj\u00eb zjarri, nj\u00eb black-out, nj\u00eb pushtimi, ose nj\u00eb sulmi nga alien\u00ebt. <\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto raste, makinave virtuale t\u00eb klient\u00ebve vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb punojn\u00eb, dhe ja pse. <\/p>\n<p>Skema e klasterit \u00ebsht\u00eb e dizajnuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb \u00e7do host ESXi me makinat virtuale t\u00eb klient\u00ebve mund t\u00eb qaset n\u00eb cilindo nga dy SHT. N\u00ebse SHT n\u00eb lokacionin OST del jasht\u00eb funksionit, at\u00ebher\u00eb makinat virtuale do t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb: hostet, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat ato punojn\u00eb, do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna nga SHT n\u00eb NORD. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/996193debdab5b3564c97b05b1e5ba27.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>K\u00ebshtu duket skema e lidhjes n\u00eb klaster. <\/i><\/p>\n<p>Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur fal\u00eb faktit se midis fabrikave SAN t\u00eb dy lokacioneve \u00ebsht\u00eb konfiguruar Inter-Switch Link: nd\u00ebrlidh\u00ebsi SAN Fabric A OST \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur me nd\u00ebrlidh\u00ebsin SAN Fabric A NORD, ashtu si edhe p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrlidh\u00ebsit SAN Fabric B. <\/p>\n<p>Dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar q\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto shk\u00ebmbime t\u00eb fabrikave SAN kan\u00eb kuptim, midis dy SHT \u00ebsht\u00eb konfiguruar replikimi Active-Active: informacioni regjistrohet praktikisht nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht n\u00eb SHT lokale dhe n\u00eb SHT t\u00eb larg\u00ebt, RPO=0. K\u00ebshtu, nj\u00eb SHT p\u00ebrmban origjinalin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, nd\u00ebrsa tjetra ka replik\u00ebn e tyre. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat replikohen n\u00eb nivelin e volumit t\u00eb SHT-s\u00eb, dhe tashm\u00eb mbi to ruhen t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e VM (disk\u00ebt e saj, skedari i konfigurimit, skedari swap etj.). <\/p>\n<p>Hosti ESXi e shqet\u00ebson volumet primar dhe replik\u00ebn e tij si nj\u00eb pajisje disk\u00ebsh (Storage Device). Nga hosti ESXi n\u00eb \u00e7do pajisje disk\u00ebsh shkojn\u00eb 24 rrug\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p>12 rrug\u00eb lidhin at\u00eb me SHT-n\u00eb lokale (rrug\u00ebt optimale), nd\u00ebrsa 12 t\u00eb tjera me at\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebt (rrug\u00ebt jo optimale). N\u00eb situat\u00ebn standarde, ESXi qaset n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb SHT-n\u00eb lokale duke p\u00ebrdorur rrug\u00ebt 'optime'. Kur kjo SHT d\u00ebshton, ESXi humbet rrug\u00ebt optimale dhe kalon n\u00eb 'rrug\u00ebt jo optimale'. K\u00ebshtu duket n\u00eb skem\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/e2b61eb8b9db4b882a6d20c0abf9fc4e.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Skema e klasterit t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm ndaj katastrofave.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>T\u00eb gjitha rrjetet e klient\u00ebve jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura n\u00eb t\u00eb dy lokacionet p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb fabrike t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt t\u00eb rrjetit. N\u00eb \u00e7do lokacion operon Provider Edge (PE), ku edhe p\u00ebrfundojn\u00eb rrjetet e klient\u00ebve. PE-t\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb bashkuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb klaster t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. N\u00eb rast se PE n\u00eb nj\u00eb lokacion d\u00ebshton, gjith\u00eb trafiku redirektohet n\u00eb lokacionin e dyt\u00eb. Fal\u00eb k\u00ebtij mekanizmi, makinat virtuale nga lokacioni q\u00eb ka humbur PE, mbeten t\u00eb aksesueshme p\u00ebr rrjetin nga klient\u00ebt. <\/p>\n<p>Tani le t\u00eb shohim se \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb ndodhte me makinat virtuale t\u00eb klientit n\u00eb rastin e disa d\u00ebshtimeve. T\u00eb fillojm\u00eb me variantet m\u00eb t\u00eb lehta dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundojm\u00eb me t\u00eb r\u00ebndin - d\u00ebshtimin e gjith\u00eb lokacionit. N\u00eb shembujt, lokacioni kryesor do t\u00eb jet\u00eb OST, nd\u00ebrsa ai rezerv\u00eb, me replikat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, - NORD.<\/p>\n<h3>\u00c7far\u00eb ndodh me makin\u00ebn virtuale t\u00eb klientit n\u00ebse\u2026 <\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>D\u00ebshmon Linku i Replikimit.<\/b> Replikimi midis SHT-s\u00eb t\u00eb dy lokacioneve ndalon.<br \/>\nESXi do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb vet\u00ebm me pajisje disk lokales (n\u00eb rrug\u00ebt optimale). <br \/>\nMakinat virtuale vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/c15c34e54cb456011f3155b30cbe1063.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Po ndodh nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrprerje ISL (Inter-Switch Link).<\/b> Rasti \u00ebsht\u00eb tep\u00ebr i pamundur. Ndoshta ndonj\u00eb ekskavator i \u00e7mendur do t\u00eb g\u00ebrmoj\u00eb disa kabllo optike, t\u00eb cilat kalojn\u00eb rrug\u00eb t\u00eb pavarura dhe jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura n\u00eb platforma p\u00ebrmes lidhjeve t\u00eb ndryshme. Por megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, hostet ESXi do t\u00eb humbasin gjysm\u00ebn e rrug\u00ebve dhe do t\u00eb ken\u00eb akses vet\u00ebm n\u00eb ruajt\u00ebsit e tyre lokal\u00eb. Replikat do t\u00eb mblidhen, por hostet nuk do t\u00eb mund t'i aksesojn\u00eb ato. <\/p>\n<p>Makinat virtuale funksionojn\u00eb normalisht.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/c6c1b8b4972cd90cdb639fffe623bc1d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Nj\u00eb switch SAN d\u00ebshtoi n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga platforma.<\/b> Hostet ESXi humbasin nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb rrug\u00ebve drejt ruajt\u00ebsve. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, hostet n\u00eb platform\u00ebn ku d\u00ebshtoi switch do t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb HBA t\u00eb vet\u00eb. <\/p>\n<p>Makinat virtuale do t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb normalisht.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3325765d426751e8717af20f7f122b90.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>T\u00eb gjitha switch-in SAN d\u00ebshtojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga platforma.<\/b> Supozoni se nj\u00eb ngjarje e till\u00eb ndodhi n\u00eb platform\u00ebn OST. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, hostet ESXi n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb platform\u00eb do t\u00eb humbin t\u00eb gjitha rrug\u00ebt drejt pajisjeve t\u00eb tyre disk. Mekanizmi standard VMware vSphere HA do t\u00eb angazhohet: do t\u00eb rindizet t\u00eb gjitha makinat virtuale n\u00eb platform\u00ebn OST n\u00eb NORD brenda nj\u00eb maksimumi prej 140 sekondash. <\/p>\n<p>Makinat virtuale q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb hostet e platform\u00ebs NORD funksionojn\u00eb normalisht.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/c7a129691cd4d6c161e165fd55607206.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Nj\u00eb host ESXi d\u00ebshton n\u00eb nj\u00eb platform\u00eb. <\/b>K\u00ebtu p\u00ebrs\u00ebri aktivohet mekanizmi vSphere HA: makinat virtuale nga hosti i d\u00ebshtuar do t\u00eb rindizen n\u00eb hoste t\u00eb tjer\u00eb - n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn ose n\u00eb nj\u00eb platform\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebt. Koha e rindizjes s\u00eb makin\u00ebs virtuale \u00ebsht\u00eb deri n\u00eb 1 minut\u00eb. <\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb hostet ESXi t\u00eb platform\u00ebs OST d\u00ebshtojn\u00eb, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast nuk ka variante: VM-t\u00eb do t\u00eb rindizen n\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr. Koha e rindizjes \u00ebsht\u00eb e nj\u00ebjta. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/c00fb5078e0c4df1461187d8896670a4.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Nj\u00eb ruajt\u00ebs d\u00ebshton n\u00eb nj\u00eb platform\u00eb.<\/b> Supozoni se nj\u00eb ruajt\u00ebs d\u00ebshtoi n\u00eb platform\u00ebn OST. At\u00ebher\u00eb hostet ESXi t\u00eb platform\u00ebs OST kalojn\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00eb me replikat e ruajt\u00ebsve n\u00eb NORD. Pas rikthimit t\u00eb ruajt\u00ebsit t\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar n\u00eb pun\u00eb, do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb nj\u00eb replikim i detyruar, dhe hostet ESXi OST do t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri t\u00eb ken\u00eb akses n\u00eb ruajt\u00ebsin lokal. <\/p>\n<p>Makinat virtuale gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kohe funksionojn\u00eb normalisht.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/87f7e1d012886d963f020768864154a7.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Nj\u00eb nga platforma d\u00ebshtoi.<\/b> N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, t\u00eb gjitha makinat virtuale do t\u00eb rinisen n\u00eb platform\u00ebn rezerv\u00eb p\u00ebrmes mekanizmit vSphere HA. Koha e rinisjes s\u00eb VM-s\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb 140 sekonda. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, t\u00eb gjitha cil\u00ebsimet rrjetore t\u00eb makin\u00ebs virtuale do t\u00eb ruhen, dhe ajo mbetet e aksesueshme p\u00ebr klientin p\u00ebrmes rrjetit.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar nj\u00eb rinisje t\u00eb suksesshme t\u00eb makinave n\u00eb platform\u00ebn rezerv\u00eb, \u00e7do platform\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e mbushur vet\u00ebm gjysm\u00eb. Gjysma tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb rezerv\u00eb n\u00eb rast t\u00eb zhvendosjes s\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha makinave virtuale nga platforma e dyt\u00eb, e cila ka p\u00ebsuar d\u00ebme.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Rekura katastrofike: si funksionon kjo\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/62cad7aaf5043f6879dc4a6cbb7b35bb.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nKy \u00ebsht\u00eb mbrojtja q\u00eb ofron nj\u00eb cloud t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm ndaj katastrofave q\u00eb bazohet n\u00eb dy qendrat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. <\/p>\n<p>Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi e shtrenjt\u00eb, sepse, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 burimeve kryesore, nevojitet nj\u00eb rezerv\u00eb n\u00eb platform\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb. Prandaj, sh\u00ebrbimet kritik\u00eb p\u00ebr biznesin vendosen n\u00eb nj\u00eb cloud t\u00eb till\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb ndalesa t\u00eb gjata q\u00eb sjellin humbje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha financiare dhe reputacioni, ose n\u00ebse sistemit informativ i k\u00ebrkohen k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb ndaj katastrofave nga rregullator\u00ebt ose rregulloret e brendshme t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><b>Burimet:<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.infinidat.com\/sites\/default\/files\/resource-pdfs\/DS-INFBOX-190331-US_0.pdf\">www.infinidat.com\/sites\/default\/files\/resource-pdfs\/DS-INFBOX-190331-US_0.pdf<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/support.infinidat.com\/hc\/en-us\/articles\/207057109-InfiniBox-best-practices-guides\">support.infinidat.com\/hc\/en-us\/articles\/207057109-InfiniBox-best-practices-guides<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dataline\/blog\/486186\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0425\u0430\u0431\u0440! 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