{"id":40512,"date":"2020-02-01T16:17:26","date_gmt":"2020-02-01T13:17:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/pro-bekapy-v-proxmox-ve"},"modified":"2020-02-01T16:17:26","modified_gmt":"2020-02-01T13:17:26","slug":"pro-bekapy-v-proxmox-ve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/pro-bekapy-v-proxmox-ve","title":{"rendered":"N\u00eb lidhje me backup-et n\u00eb Proxmox VE","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"N\u00eb
\nN\u00eb artikullin \u00abMagjia e virtualizimit: nj\u00eb kurs hyr\u00ebs n\u00eb Proxmox VE\u00bb<\/a><\/noindex> ne kemi instaluar me sukses hipervizorin n\u00eb server, e kemi lidhur me magazinimin, kemi kujdesur p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb bazike dhe madje kemi krijuar makin\u00ebn e par\u00eb virtuale. Tani do t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb se si t\u00eb realizojm\u00eb detyra t\u00eb thjeshta, t\u00eb cilat duhet t\u00eb kryhen p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur gjithmon\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb rikthejm\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet n\u00eb rast t\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit.<\/p>\n

Instrumentet standarde t\u00eb Proxmox lejojn\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm krijimin e kopjeve rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, por gjithashtu krijimin e grupeve t\u00eb imazheve t\u00eb sistemit operativ t\u00eb parap\u00ebrgatitur p\u00ebr shp\u00ebrndarje t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb. Kjo ndihmon jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb krijimin e nj\u00eb serveri t\u00eb ri p\u00ebr \u00e7do sh\u00ebrbim p\u00ebr disa sekonda, por gjithashtu zvog\u00eblon koh\u00ebn e q\u00ebndrimit n\u00eb minimum.<\/p>\n

Nuk do t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar kopje rezerv\u00eb, sepse kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e dukshme dhe ka koh\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb aksiom\u00eb. Do t\u00eb ndalemi n\u00eb disa gj\u00ebra q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme dhe ve\u00e7ori.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nFillimisht, t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb se si ruhen t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat gjat\u00eb procedur\u00ebs s\u00eb kopjimit rezerv\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Algoritmet e kopjimit rezerv\u00eb<\/h2>\n

\nFillojm\u00eb me faktin se Proxmox ka nj\u00eb instrument t\u00eb mir\u00eb standard p\u00ebr krijimin e kopjeve rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb makinave virtuale. Ai lejon ruajtjen e leht\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb makin\u00ebs virtuale dhe mb\u00ebshtet dy mekanizma kompresimi, si dhe tre metoda p\u00ebr krijimin e k\u00ebtyre kopjeve.<\/p>\n

Le t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb fillimisht mekanizmat e kompresimit:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Kompresimi LZO<\/b>. Nj\u00eb algorit\u00ebm kompresimi pa humbje, i shpikur n\u00eb mes t\u00eb viteve '90. Kodi u shkrua nga Markus Oberheimer<\/a><\/noindex> (- implementohet n\u00eb Proxmox me utilitarin lzop). Karakteristika kryesore e k\u00ebtij algoritmi \u00ebsht\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarja shum\u00eb e shpejt\u00eb. Pra, \u00e7do kopje rezerv\u00eb q\u00eb krijohet me ndihm\u00ebn e k\u00ebtij algoritmi, mund t\u00eb rikthehet n\u00eb koh\u00eb minimale n\u00eb rast nevoje.<\/li>\n
  2. Kompresimi GZIP<\/b>. Kur p\u00ebrdoret ky algorit\u00ebm, kopja rezerv\u00eb do t\u00eb comprimohet \u00abn\u00eb flak\u00eb\u00bb nga utilitari GNU Zip, i cili p\u00ebrdor algoritmin e fuqish\u00ebm Deflate, t\u00eb krijuar nga Phil Katz.<\/a><\/noindex>Theksi kryesor \u00ebsht\u00eb mbi kompresimin maksimal t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, q\u00eb lejon zvog\u00eblimin e hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs n\u00eb disk e z\u00ebn\u00eb nga kopjet rezerv\u00eb. Dallimi kryesor me LZO \u00ebsht\u00eb se procedurat e kompresimit\/dekomprimimit k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    <\/p>\n

    Modet e arkivimit<\/h2>\n

    \nProxmox ofron nj\u00eb zgjedhje administrator\u00ebve sistematik\u00eb p\u00ebr tre metoda rezervimi. Me ndihm\u00ebn e tyre, mund t\u00eb zgjidhet detyra e k\u00ebrkuar, duke p\u00ebrcaktuar prioritetin mes nevoj\u00ebs p\u00ebr pushim dhe besueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb kopjes rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Modaliteti Snapshot (Skedari)<\/b>. Ky modalitet mund t\u00eb quhet gjithashtu Backup i Drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb, pasi p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrdorur nuk k\u00ebrkohet ndalimi i funksionimit t\u00eb makineris\u00eb virtuale. P\u00ebrdorimi i k\u00ebtij mekanizmi nuk e ndalon funksionin e VM, por ka dy disavantazhe shum\u00eb serioze \u2014 mund t\u00eb lindin probleme p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb bllokimeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve nga sistemi operacional dhe shpejt\u00ebsia m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt e krijimit. Kopjet rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb krijuara me k\u00ebt\u00eb metod\u00eb duhet gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb kontrollohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb ambient testi. N\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt, ka rrezik q\u00eb n\u00eb rastin e nevoj\u00ebs p\u00ebr rikthim emergjent, ato mund t\u00eb d\u00ebshtojn\u00eb.<\/li>\n
    2. Modaliteti Suspend (Pezullim)<\/b>. Makina virtuale p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht \"ngrin\" gjendjen e saj, deri n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin e procedur\u00ebs s\u00eb rezervimit. P\u00ebrmbajtja e memorjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme nuk fshihet, \u00e7ka lejon vazhdimin e pun\u00ebs pik\u00ebrisht nga ajo pik\u00eb ku puna ishte pezulluar. Natyrisht, kjo shkakton nj\u00eb pushim t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn e kopjimit t\u00eb informacionit, por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb mbyllet\/rimbyllet makina virtuale, gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft kritike p\u00ebr disa sh\u00ebrbime. Ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht, n\u00ebse nisja e disa sh\u00ebrbimeve nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb automatike. Megjithat\u00eb, k\u00ebto kopje rezerv\u00eb gjithashtu duhet t\u00eb nxirren n\u00eb nj\u00eb ambient testi p\u00ebr verifikim.<\/li>\n
    3. Modaliteti Stop (Ndalim)<\/b>. M\u00ebnyra m\u00eb e sigurt e rezervimit, por q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon mbyllje t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb makineris\u00eb virtuale. D\u00ebrgohet nj\u00eb komand\u00eb p\u00ebr ndalimin normal, pas ndalimit kryhet rezervimi dhe m\u00eb pas japet nj\u00eb komand\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndezur makinerin\u00eb virtuale. Numri i gabimeve n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb qasje \u00ebsht\u00eb minimal dhe shpeshher\u00eb reduktohet n\u00eb zero. Kopjet rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb krijuara n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb nxirren n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb korrekte.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      <\/p>\n

      Kryerja e procedur\u00ebs s\u00eb rezervimit<\/h2>\n

      \nP\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb kopje rezerv\u00eb:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Kalo n\u00eb makinerin\u00eb virtuale t\u00eb nevojshme.<\/li>\n
      2. Zgjidhni pik\u00ebn Rezervimi<\/b>.<\/li>\n
      3. Klikojm\u00eb butonin Rezervo tani<\/b>. Do t\u00eb hapet nj\u00eb dritare, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb zgjidhen parametrat e kopjes rezerv\u00eb s\u00eb ardhshme.\n

        \"N\u00eb\n<\/li>\n

      4. Si ruajtje, caktojm\u00eb at\u00eb, q\u00eb kemi lidhur n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e m\u00ebparshme<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n
      5. Pas p\u00ebrzgjedhjes s\u00eb parametrave, klikoni butonin Rezervimi<\/b> dhe presim derisa backupi t\u00eb krijohet. K\u00ebt\u00eb do ta tregoj\u00eb nj\u00eb mesazh TASK OK<\/b>.\n

        \"N\u00eb\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Tani, arkimet e krijuara me kopjet rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb makina virtuale do t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb disponueshme p\u00ebr shkarkim nga serveri. M\u00ebnyra m\u00eb e thjesht\u00eb dhe e zakonshme p\u00ebr kopjim \u00ebsht\u00eb SFTP. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, p\u00ebrdorni klientin popullor t\u00eb FTP-s\u00eb t\u00eb shumic\u00ebs s\u00eb platformave, FileZilla, i cili di t\u00eb punoj\u00eb me protokollin SFTP.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. N\u00eb fush\u00ebn Host<\/b> shkruajm\u00eb adres\u00ebn IP t\u00eb serverit ton\u00eb t\u00eb virtualizimit, n\u00eb fush\u00ebn Emri i p\u00ebrdoruesit<\/b> shkruajm\u00eb root, n\u00eb fush\u00ebn Fjal\u00ebkalimi<\/b> \u2014 ajo q\u00eb u zgjodh gjat\u00eb instalimit, dhe n\u00eb fush\u00ebn Porti<\/b> qart\u00ebsojm\u00eb \"22\" (ose ndonj\u00eb port tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb ishte caktuar p\u00ebr lidhjet SSH).<\/li>\n
        2. Klikojm\u00eb butonin Lidhje e shpejt\u00eb<\/b> dhe, n\u00ebse t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat u fut\u00ebn sakt\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb panelin aktiv do t\u00eb shihni t\u00eb gjitha skedar\u00ebt e vendosur n\u00eb server.<\/li>\n
        3. Shkoni n\u00eb dosjen \/mnt\/storage<\/b>. T\u00eb gjitha kopjet rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb krijuara do t\u00eb ndodhen n\u00eb n\u00ebnfolderin \"dump\". Ato do t\u00eb ken\u00eb pamjen:\n