{"id":41397,"date":"2020-02-10T20:24:56","date_gmt":"2020-02-10T17:24:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/chto-takoe-sap"},"modified":"2020-02-10T20:24:56","modified_gmt":"2020-02-10T17:24:56","slug":"chto-takoe-sap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/chto-takoe-sap","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb SAP?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\n\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb SAP? Dhe si \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur q\u00eb ajo kushton $163 miliard\u00eb?<\/p>\n

\u00c7do vit, kompanit\u00eb shpenzojn\u00eb $41 miliard\u00eb p\u00ebr softuerin e planifikimit t\u00eb burimeve t\u00eb korporatave<\/b>, i njohur me akronimin ERP<\/b>. Sot, praktikisht n\u00eb \u00e7do biznes t\u00eb madh \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar nj\u00eb sistem ERP t\u00eb till\u00eb ose ndonj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr. Por shumica e kompanive t\u00eb vogla zakonisht nuk blejn\u00eb sisteme ERP, dhe shumica e zhvilluesve, ndoshta nuk i kan\u00eb par\u00eb ato n\u00eb veprim. Pra, p\u00ebr ne ata q\u00eb nuk e kemi p\u00ebrdorur ERP-n\u00eb, lind nj\u00eb pyetje\u2026 \u00e7far\u00eb kuptimi ka? Si nj\u00eb kompani si SAP arrin t\u00eb shes\u00eb ERP n\u00eb $25 miliard\u00eb n\u00eb vit? <\/p>\n

Dhe si ndodhi q\u00eb 77% e tregtis\u00eb globale<\/a><\/noindex>, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb 78% t\u00eb furnizimeve t\u00eb ushqimit, kalon p\u00ebrmes programeve SAP?
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nERP \u00ebsht\u00eb vendi ku kompanit\u00eb ruajn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat operative kryesore. Ne flasim p\u00ebr parashikimet e shitjeve, porosit\u00eb e blerjes, stoqet n\u00eb magazin\u00eb, si dhe proceset q\u00eb aktivizohen n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave (p\u00ebr shembull, pagesat ndaj furnizuesve kur realizohen porosit\u00eb). N\u00eb nj\u00ebfar\u00eb m\u00ebnyre, ERP \u00ebsht\u00eb \"truri\" i kompanis\u00eb \u2014 ajo ruan t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme dhe t\u00eb gjitha veprimet q\u00eb iniciohen nga k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna n\u00eb proceset e pun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Por p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb kapte plot\u00ebsisht bot\u00ebn moderne t\u00eb biznesit, si u shfaq fillimisht ky softuer? Historia e ERP fillon me p\u00ebrpjekjet e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr automatizimin e aktiviteteve zyrtare n\u00eb vitet 1960. M\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb vitet 40 dhe 50, ndodhi kryesisht automatizimi i pun\u00ebs mekanike \"me k\u00ebmisha blu\" \u2014 kujtoni General Motors, e cila krijoi departamentin e saj t\u00eb automatizimit n\u00eb vitin 1947. Nd\u00ebrsa automatizimi i pun\u00ebs \"me k\u00ebmisha t\u00eb bardha\" (shpesh me ndihm\u00ebn e kompjuter\u00ebve!) filloi n\u00eb vitet 60.<\/p>\n

Automatizimi i viteve '60: shfaqja e kompjuter\u00ebve<\/h1>\n

\nProceset e para biznesore q\u00eb u automatizuan me ndihm\u00ebn e kompjuter\u00ebve ishin llogaritja e pagave dhe l\u00ebshimi i faturave. M\u00eb par\u00eb, nj\u00eb ushtri e t\u00ebr\u00eb punonj\u00ebsish zyrtar\u00eb num\u00ebronin dorazi or\u00ebt e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve n\u00eb libra kontab\u00ebl, shum\u00ebzoheshin me norm\u00ebn p\u00ebr or\u00eb, pastaj llogaritnin me dor\u00eb taksat, zbritjet p\u00ebr ndihmat dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb\u2026 e gjith\u00eb kjo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb llogaritur pagat p\u00ebr nj\u00eb muaj! Ky proces pune e lodhsh\u00ebm dhe i p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur ishte i predispozuar p\u00ebr gabime njer\u00ebzore, dhe ishte ideal p\u00ebr automatizimin me kompjuter.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitet '60, shum\u00eb kompani p\u00ebr automatizimin e llogaritjes s\u00eb pagave dhe l\u00ebshimit t\u00eb faturave p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn kompjuter\u00ebt IBM. P\u00ebrpunimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb term i vjetruar, nga i cili ka mbetur vet\u00ebm kompania Automatic Data Processing, Inc<\/a><\/noindex>. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb tij, sot flasim p\u00ebr \"IT\". N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, industria e zhvillimit t\u00eb softuerit nuk ishte formuar akoma, prandaj n\u00eb departamentet e IT shpesh merrnin analist\u00eb dhe i m\u00ebsonin ata t\u00eb programonin n\u00eb vend. Fakulteti i par\u00eb n\u00eb SHBA p\u00ebr Computer Science e hapi Universiteti Purdue n\u00eb vitin 1962, dhe diplomi i par\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb u dha disa vite m\u00eb von\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nShkrimi i programeve p\u00ebr automatizimin\/p\u00ebrpunimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb vitet '60 ishte nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kufizimeve t\u00eb memories. Nuk kishte as gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb lart\u00eb, as sisteme operative t\u00eb standardizuara, as kompjuter\u00eb personal\u00eb - vet\u00ebm mainframe t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb shtrenjta me nj\u00eb kapacitet t\u00eb vog\u00ebl memorie, ku programet ekzekutoheshin n\u00eb kaseta magnetike! Programuesit shpesh punonin me kompjuterin gjat\u00eb nat\u00ebs, kur ai ishte i lir\u00eb. P\u00ebr kompani si General Motors ishte nj\u00eb praktik\u00eb normale t\u00eb shkruanin sisteme operative t\u00eb tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb maksimumin nga mainframe-\u00ebt e tyre.<\/p>\n

Sot lan\u00e7ojm\u00eb softuer aplikativ n\u00eb disa sisteme operative standarde, por nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb nuk ishte e mundur deri n\u00eb vitet '90. N\u00eb epok\u00ebn e mesme t\u00eb mainframe-ve<\/a><\/noindex> 90% e gjith\u00eb softuerit \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar sipas k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs, dhe vet\u00ebm 10% \u00ebsht\u00eb shitur n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb gatshme. <\/p>\n

Kjo situat\u00eb ndikoi thell\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si kompanit\u00eb zhvilluan teknologjit\u00eb e tyre. Disa supozuan se e ardhmja i takon pajisjeve t\u00eb standardizuara me nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb pandryshuar operativ dhe nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb programimi, si sistemi SABRE<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr industrin\u00eb e aviacionit (i cili p\u00ebrdoret ende sot!). Shumica e kompanive vazhduan t\u00eb krijonin softuer t\u00eb tyren plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb izoluar, shpesh duke shpikur bi\u00e7iklet\u00ebn nga e para.<\/p>\n

Lindja e softuerit standard: programi i zgjeruesh\u00ebm SAP<\/h1>\n

\nN\u00eb vitin 1972, pes\u00eb inxhinier\u00eb u larguan nga IBM p\u00ebr t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruar nj\u00eb kontrat\u00eb p\u00ebr furnizimin e softuerit me nj\u00eb kompani t\u00eb madhe kimike t\u00eb quajtur ICI. Ata themeluan nj\u00eb kompani t\u00eb re t\u00eb quajtur SAP (Analiza e Sistemit dhe Zhvillimi i Programeve). Si shumica e zhvilluesve t\u00eb softuerit n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, ata kryesisht angazhoheshin n\u00eb konsulenc\u00eb. Punonj\u00ebsit e SAP shkonin n\u00eb zyrat e klient\u00ebve dhe zhvillonin softuer mbi kompjuter\u00ebt e tyre, kryesisht p\u00ebr menaxhimin e logjistik\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nBiznesi po ecte mir\u00eb: SAP p\u00ebrfundoi vitin e par\u00eb me nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhur prej 620 mij\u00eb markash, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 1 milion dollar\u00eb n\u00eb dollar\u00ebt e sot\u00ebm. S\u00eb shpejti filluan t\u00eb shesin softuerin e tyre edhe p\u00ebr klient\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, duke e portuar at\u00eb n\u00eb sisteme t\u00eb ndryshme operative, kur ishte e nevojshme. Gjat\u00eb kat\u00ebr viteve t\u00eb ardhshme, ata fituan m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 40 klient\u00eb, t\u00eb ardhurat u rrit\u00ebn gjasht\u00eb her\u00eb dhe numri i punonj\u00ebsve u rrit nga 9 n\u00eb 25. Ndoshta, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb pak larg kurb\u00ebs s\u00eb rritjes T2D3<\/a><\/noindex>, por e ardhmja e SAP dukej optimiste.<\/p>\n

Softueri SAP ishte i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr disa arsye. N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, shumica e programeve punonin gjat\u00eb nat\u00ebs dhe printonin rezultatet n\u00eb shirita t\u00eb papir\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat i kontrollonit n\u00eb m\u00ebngjes. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, programet SAP punonin n\u00eb koh\u00eb reale, duke paraqitur rezultatet jo n\u00eb let\u00ebr, por n\u00eb moniter\u00eb (t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb kushtonin rreth 30 mij\u00eb dollar\u00eb).<\/p>\n

Por ajo q\u00eb ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi m\u00eb shum\u00eb, softueri SAP fillimisht u krijua p\u00ebr t'u zgjeruar. N\u00eb kontrat\u00ebn fillestare me ICI, kompania SAP nuk krijoi softuerin nga zero, si\u00e7 ishte e zakonshme n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, por shkroi kod mbi nj\u00eb projekt t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm. Kur SAP l\u00ebshoi softuerin e saj p\u00ebr llogaritjen financiare n\u00eb vitin 1974, origjinalisht planifikoi q\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen t\u00eb shkruante module shtes\u00eb mbi t\u00eb dhe t'i shiste ato. Kjo zgjerueshm\u00ebri u b\u00eb nj\u00eb karakteristik\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuese e SAP. N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, nd\u00ebrveprimi midis konteksteve t\u00eb klient\u00ebve konsiderohej nj\u00eb inovacion radikal. Programet shkruheshin nga zero p\u00ebr \u00e7do klient.<\/p>\n

R\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e integrimit<\/h1>\n

\nKur SAP paraqiti modul t\u00eb dyt\u00eb t\u00eb saj programor p\u00ebr prodhim p\u00ebrve\u00e7 moduli t\u00eb par\u00eb financiar, k\u00ebto dy module pat\u00ebn mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb lehta p\u00ebr t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunuar me nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn, pasi kishin nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash. Kjo integrim b\u00ebri q\u00eb kombinimi i moduleve t\u00eb ishte ndjesh\u00ebm m\u00eb i vlefsh\u00ebm se thjesht dy programe t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta.<\/p>\n

Duke qen\u00eb se softueri automatizoi disa procese biznesi, ndikimi i tij n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe varej nga qasja n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e porosis\u00eb p\u00ebr blerje ruhen n\u00eb modul t\u00eb shitjeve, t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat p\u00ebr stoqet e produkteve ruhen n\u00eb modul t\u00eb magazin\u00ebs, etj. Dhe pasi k\u00ebto sisteme nuk komunikonin, ato duhej t\u00eb sinkronizoheshin rregullisht, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb punonj\u00ebs kopjonte manualisht t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat nga nj\u00eb baz\u00eb n\u00eb tjetr\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Softueri i integruar e zgjidh k\u00ebt\u00eb problem, duke leht\u00ebsuar komunikimin mes sistemeve t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb dhe duke lejuar lloje t\u00eb reja automatizimi. Ky lloj integrimi - mes proceseve t\u00eb ndryshme biznesi, si dhe burimeve t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave - \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb karakteristik\u00eb ky\u00e7e e sistemeve ERP. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme nd\u00ebrsa hardueri po zhvillohej, \u00e7ka hapi mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb reja p\u00ebr automatizim - dhe sistemet ERP lul\u00ebzuan.<\/p>\n

Shpejt\u00ebsia e qasjes n\u00eb informacion n\u00eb softuerin e integruar lejon kompanit\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht modelet e tyre t\u00eb biznesit<\/a><\/noindex>. Kompania Compaq me ndihm\u00ebn e ERP aplikoi nj\u00eb model t\u00eb ri 'prodhimi sipas porosis\u00eb' (dmth asambleja e kompjuter\u00ebve vet\u00ebm pas marrjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb porosie t\u00eb qart\u00eb). Ky model kursen para, duke reduktuar stoqet, duke u mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb nj\u00eb qarkullim t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb - pik\u00ebrisht \u00e7far\u00eb ndihmon nj\u00eb ERP i mir\u00eb. Kur IBM ndoqi t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin shembull, ajo reduktoi koh\u00ebn e dor\u00ebzimit t\u00eb komponenteve nga 22 n\u00eb tre dit\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Si duket n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb ERP<\/h1>\n

\nFjal\u00ebt 'softuer korporativ' nuk lidhen aspak me nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe moderne dhe t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse, dhe SAP nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim. Instalimi baz\u00eb i SAP p\u00ebrmban 20,000 tabela DB, 3,000 nga t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb tabela konfigurimi. N\u00eb k\u00ebto tabela ka rreth 8,000 zgjidhje konfigurimi q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb merren para se t\u00eb filloj\u00eb puna e programit. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb arsyeja pse Specialisti i Konfigurimit SAP<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0\u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb profesion real!<\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebse konfigurimi \u00ebsht\u00eb kompleks, software-i SAP ERP ofron nj\u00eb vler\u00eb ky\u00e7e \u2014 integrim t\u00eb gjer\u00eb midis disa proceseve t\u00eb biznesit. Ky integrim \u00e7on n\u00eb mij\u00ebra raste p\u00ebrdorimi n\u00eb organizat\u00eb. SAP organizon k\u00ebto raste p\u00ebrdorimi n\u00eb \"transaksione\", q\u00eb jan\u00eb veprime biznesi. Disa shembuj t\u00eb transaksioneve p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb \"krijimin e porosis\u00eb\" dhe \"pamjen e klientit\". K\u00ebto transaksione jan\u00eb organizuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb format katalogu t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm. Pra, p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur transaksionin \"Krijo porosi p\u00ebr shitje\", duhet t\u00eb shkosh n\u00eb katalogun \"Logjistika\", pastaj \"Shitje\", pastaj \"Porosi\", dhe aty do t\u00eb gjesh transaksionin aktual.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n
\nN\u00ebse e quajm\u00eb ERP \"n\u00eb nj\u00eb shfletues transaksionesh\", kjo do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb p\u00ebrshkrim shum\u00eb i sakt\u00eb. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i ngjash\u00ebm me nj\u00eb shfletues, ka nj\u00eb buton \"Kthehu\", butona p\u00ebr zmadhim dhe nj\u00eb fush\u00eb teksti p\u00ebr kodet \"TCodes\", ekuivalent i barit t\u00eb adres\u00ebs n\u00eb shfletues. SAP mb\u00ebshtet m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 16,000 lloje transaksionesh<\/a><\/noindex>, prandaj navigimi n\u00eb pem\u00ebn e transaksioneve mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i komplikuar pa k\u00ebto kode.<\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebse numri i madh i konfigurimeve dhe transaksioneve \u00ebsht\u00eb hutues, kompanit\u00eb ende hasin raste t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta p\u00ebrdorimi dhe u duhen t\u00eb personalizojn\u00eb veprimet e tyre. P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar k\u00ebto flukse t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, SAP ka nj\u00eb mjedis t\u00eb integruar programimi. Ja si funksionon \u00e7do pjes\u00eb:<\/p>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat<\/h3>\n

\nN\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqen SAP, zhvilluesit mund t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb tabelat e tyre t\u00eb DB. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb tabela relacional si bazat normale SQL: kolona t\u00eb llojeve t\u00eb ndryshme, \u00e7el\u00ebsa t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, kufizime vlerash, si dhe leje leximi\/shkrimi.<\/p>\n

Logjika<\/h3>\n

\nSAP zhvilloi nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb quajtur ABAP (Programimi i Aplikacioneve t\u00eb Biznesit t\u00eb Avancuar, fillimisht Allgemeiner Berichts-Aufbereitungs-Prozessor, n\u00eb gjermanisht \"procesori i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i raportimit\"). Ajo lejon zhvilluesit t\u00eb ekzekutojn\u00eb logjik\u00ebn e biznesit individuale si p\u00ebrgjigje ndaj ngjarjeve t\u00eb caktuara ose sipas nj\u00eb programi. ABAP \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb me sintaks\u00eb t\u00eb pasur, ka rreth trefish numrin e fjal\u00ebve ky\u00e7e se JavaScript (shih implementimin e loj\u00ebs 2048 n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn ABAP<\/a><\/noindex>). Kur t\u00eb shkruani programin tuaj (n\u00eb SAP ka nj\u00eb redaktues t\u00eb integruar p\u00ebr programim), e publikoni at\u00eb si nj\u00eb transaksion t\u00eb vetin, s\u00eb bashku me nj\u00eb kod TCode individual. Mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatni sjelljen ekzistuese p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb sistemi t\u00eb gjer\u00eb t\u00eb kushteve, t\u00eb quajtur \u00abshtesat e biznesit\u00bb (add-ins), ku programi p\u00ebrshtatet p\u00ebr t'u ekzekutuar gjat\u00eb realizimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb transaksioni t\u00eb caktuar - ngjash\u00ebm me triggerat SQL.<\/p>\n

UI<\/h3>\n

\nSAP gjithashtu vjen me nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrtues p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar UI. Ai mb\u00ebshtet t\u00ebrheqjen dhe l\u00ebshimin dhe vjen me funksione t\u00eb dobishme, si forma t\u00eb gjeneruara n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb tabelave t\u00eb DB. Megjithat\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret. Pjesa ime e preferuar e nd\u00ebrtuesit \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb vizatoni kolona t\u00eb tabel\u00ebs:<\/p>\n

\"\u00c7far\u00eb
\n<\/p>\n

V\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb e implementimin t\u00eb ERP<\/h1>\n

\nERP nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e lir\u00eb. Nj\u00eb korporat\u00eb e madhe nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare mund t\u00eb shpenzoj\u00eb nga 100 milion dollar\u00eb deri n\u00eb 500 milion dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr implementimin, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb 30 milion dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr tarifat e licencave, 200 milion dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimet e k\u00ebshillimit dhe pjesa tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr pajisje, trajnim t\u00eb menaxher\u00ebve dhe punonj\u00ebsve. Implementimi i plot\u00eb zgjat nga kat\u00ebr deri n\u00eb gjasht\u00eb vjet. Kreu i nj\u00eb kompanie t\u00eb madhe kimike<\/a><\/noindex> tha: \u00abAvantazhi konkurrent n\u00eb industri do t'i takoj\u00eb kompanis\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb realizoj\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe m\u00eb lir\u00eb pun\u00ebt e implementimit t\u00eb SAP\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Dhe \u00e7\u00ebshtja nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb para. Implementimi i ERP \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sip\u00ebrmarrje me rrezik, dhe rezultatet ndryshojn\u00eb shum\u00eb. Nj\u00eb nga rastet e suksesshme \u00ebsht\u00eb implementimi i ERP n\u00eb Cisco, q\u00eb zgjati 9 muaj dhe 15 milion dollar\u00eb. N\u00eb krahasim, implementimi n\u00eb korporat\u00ebn Dow Chemical kostoi 1 miliard dollar\u00eb dhe zgjati 8 vjet. VSH e SHBA-s\u00eb shpenzoi 1 miliard dollar\u00eb n\u00eb kat\u00ebr projekte t\u00eb ndryshme ERP, por t\u00eb gjitha d\u00ebshtuan.<\/a><\/noindex>. Madje 65% e drejtuesve<\/a><\/noindex> besojn\u00eb se implementimi i sistemeve ERP sjell \u00abnj\u00eb rrezik t\u00eb moderuar p\u00ebr d\u00ebmtimin e biznesit\u00bb. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb nuk e d\u00ebgjon shpesh gjat\u00eb vler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb software-ve!<\/p>\n

Natyr\u00ebn e integruar t\u00eb ERP do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se p\u00ebr implementimin e saj k\u00ebrkohen p\u00ebrpjekjet e t\u00ebr\u00eb kompanis\u00eb. Dhe pasi kompanit\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm pas implementimit t\u00eb gjer\u00eb<\/i> , kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e rrezikshme! Implementimi i ERP nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb vendim blerjeje: \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb angazhim p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar metodat e menaxhimit t\u00eb operacioneve. Instalimi i software-it \u00ebsht\u00eb i leht\u00eb, p\u00ebrshtatja e fluksit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb kompanis\u00eb - aty \u00ebsht\u00eb puna kryesore.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb implementuar nj\u00eb sistem ERP n\u00eb kompanin\u00eb e tyre, klient\u00ebt shpesh pun\u00ebsojn\u00eb nj\u00eb firm\u00eb konsulence, si Accenture, dhe u paguajn\u00eb miliona dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn me nj\u00ebsit\u00eb e ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb biznesit. Analist\u00ebt p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb se si t\u00eb integrohet ERP n\u00eb proceset e kompanis\u00eb. Dhe sapo t\u00eb filloj\u00eb integrimi, kompania duhet t\u00eb filloj\u00eb trajnimin e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve, se si t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin sistemin. Gartner k\u00ebshillon<\/a><\/noindex> rezervoni 17% t\u00eb buxhetit vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr trajnim!<\/p>\n

Pavar\u00ebsisht t\u00eb gjitha v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsive, shumica e kompanive nga lista Fortune 500 implementuan sisteme ERP deri n\u00eb vitin 1998: procesi u p\u00ebrshpejtua nga frika p\u00ebr Y2K. Tregu i ERP vazhdon t\u00eb rritet edhe sot. kalon $40 miliard<\/a><\/noindex>. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga segmentet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb industrin\u00eb globale t\u00eb software-it.<\/p>\n

Industria moderne ERP<\/h1>\n

\nLider\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj jan\u00eb Oracle dhe SAP. Megjith\u00ebse t\u00eb dyja jan\u00eb lider\u00eb t\u00eb tregut, produktet e tyre ERP jan\u00eb befasuesh\u00ebm t\u00eb ndryshme. Produkti SAP u nd\u00ebrtua kryesisht brenda kompanis\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa Oracle ka bler\u00eb agresivisht konkurrent\u00ebt, si PeopleSoft dhe NetSuite.<\/p>\n

Oracle dhe SAP jan\u00eb kaq dominuese, saq\u00eb edhe Microsoft p\u00ebrdor SAP<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb vend t\u00eb produktit t\u00eb vet ERP Microsoft Dynamics.<\/p>\n

Duke qen\u00eb se shumica e industrive kan\u00eb nevoja shum\u00eb specifike p\u00ebr ERP, Oracle dhe SAP kan\u00eb konfigurime t\u00eb gatshme p\u00ebr shum\u00eb industri, si industria ushqimore, automjetet dhe kimikatet, si dhe konfigurime vertikale, si proceset e organizat\u00ebs s\u00eb shitjeve. Megjithat\u00eb, gjithmon\u00eb ka hap\u00ebsir\u00eb p\u00ebr lojtar\u00ebt ni\u00e7\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt zakonisht fokusohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb vertikale t\u00eb caktuar:<\/p>\n