{"id":42162,"date":"2019-03-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-17T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/yadro-linux-5-1-chto-izvestno-ob-izmeneniyah"},"modified":"2020-02-18T13:44:58","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T10:44:58","slug":"yadro-linux-5-1-chto-izvestno-ob-izmeneniyah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/yadro-linux-5-1-chto-izvestno-ob-izmeneniyah","title":{"rendered":"Nukuli Linux 5.1 \u2014 \u00e7far\u00eb dihet p\u00ebr ndryshimet","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Versioni jubileu i kernel-it Linux 5.0 doli n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb marsit. Megjithat\u00eb, puna p\u00ebr kernel 5.1 ka filluar tashm\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb material do t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb disa nga risit\u00eb q\u00eb pritet t\u00eb vijn\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb version.<\/p>\n

\"Nukuli<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\n\/ Flickr \/ ayu oshimi<\/a><\/noindex> \/ CC BY-SA<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Mbyllin mb\u00ebshtetjen p\u00ebr a.out<\/h2>\n

\nLinux mb\u00ebshtet skedar\u00ebt binar\u00eb ELF<\/a><\/noindex> q\u00eb nga versioni i par\u00eb i kernel-it. Pas 25 vjet\u00ebsh, a.out<\/a><\/noindex> planifikojn\u00eb ta \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb rangun e teknologjive t\u00eb vjetra (deprecated). Zhvilluesit thon\u00eb se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb procedur\u00eb e nevojshme, pasi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb kodi ka filluar \"t\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebrrmohet\"<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Linus Torvalds ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht theksoi<\/a><\/noindex>, se asnj\u00eb nga kompajler\u00ebt ekzistues nuk krijon binar\u00eb n\u00eb formatin a.out, prandaj nuk ka m\u00eb kuptim.<\/p>\n

Shkarkimi i a.out do t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb n\u00eb dy etapa. N\u00eb Linux 5.1 do t\u00eb hiqet kodi i dump-it t\u00eb memories (core dumping<\/a><\/noindex> code) \u2014 kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 500 rreshta<\/a><\/noindex>. Sipas Linus-it, \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e pamundur q\u00eb dikush t\u00eb ket\u00eb nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb merren me kodin legjendar, dhe p\u00ebrdoruesit q\u00eb ende gjenerojn\u00eb skedar\u00eb ekzekutiv\u00eb a.out do t\u00eb ken\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb ristrukturojn\u00eb proceset e biznesit.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb l\u00ebshimet e ardhshme, mb\u00ebshtetja do t\u00eb mbyllet plot\u00ebsisht, por vet\u00ebm n\u00ebse n\u00eb komunitet nuk gjendet nj\u00eb person q\u00eb t\u00eb marr\u00eb p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr formatin.<\/p>\n

B\u00ebjn\u00eb ndryshime n\u00eb patches ndaj Spectre<\/h2>\n

\nDisa ndryshime do t\u00eb b\u00ebhen n\u00eb patch-in Retpoline p\u00ebr mbrojtjen nga sulmi Spectre v2. Ai p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb sekond\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb instruksionesh q\u00eb blokon mekanizmin e ekzekutimit spekulativ n\u00eb procesor. Zhvilluesit planifikojn\u00eb t\u00eb rritet<\/a><\/noindex> t\u00eb rrisin pragun p\u00ebr gjenerimin e thirrjeve indirekte nga operator\u00ebt e deklara nga pes\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00ebzet. N\u00eb disa raste, kjo do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb t\u00eb rritet<\/a><\/noindex> nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs deri n\u00eb 20%.<\/p>\n

Po ashtu, b\u00ebrthama 5.1 do t\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> ka nj\u00eb flamur t\u00eb ri PR_SPEC_DISABLE_NOEXEC, i cili \u00e7aktivizon mbrojtjen nga vulnerabiliteti Spectre v4 n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha proceset e n\u00ebn\u00ebshtetura q\u00eb ekzekutohen n\u00eb server. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur me funksionin\u00a0memory disambiguation<\/a><\/noindex>, q\u00eb lejon ekzekutimin e komandeve derisa ato t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb pritje. Sipas ekspert\u00ebve, flamuri automatizon kontrollin p\u00ebr \u00e7aktivizimin e patch-it dhe do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtimin e server\u00ebve me nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh procesesh t\u00eb ekzekutuara nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht. M\u00eb shum\u00eb rreth k\u00ebsaj ne kemi shkruar n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga materialet e m\u00ebparshme<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Funksionet e reja q\u00eb optimizojn\u00eb funksionimin e server\u00ebve Linux mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb ndikim n\u00eb popullaritetin e k\u00ebsaj OS n\u00eb mjedisin cloud. Ne n\u00eb 1cloud<\/a><\/noindex> kemi mbledhur statistik\u00ebn \u2014 sistemi operativ m\u00eb i njohur n\u00eb cloud mes klient\u00ebve tan\u00eb mbetet Windows (79%). Pjesa e Linux \u00ebsht\u00eb 20%. N\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen, presim q\u00eb sistemi i dyt\u00eb t\u00eb fitoj\u00eb pozita n\u00eb treg. Po ashtu, po sjellim grafikun e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb pjes\u00ebve mes distribuive t\u00eb Linux (Distribucioni m\u00eb i njohur mes klient\u00ebve tan\u00eb mbetet Ubuntu \u2014 45%, ndjekur nga CentOS me 28%, dhe Debian me 26%.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"Nukuli\"Nukuli
\n<\/p>\n

Shtojn\u00eb drajver\u00ebt audio (shum\u00eb)<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00eb nj\u00eb nga thread-et n\u00eb Hacker News, rezident\u00ebt theksohet<\/a><\/noindex>, se Linux p\u00ebrher\u00eb ka pasur v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi me mb\u00ebshtetje harduerike. Por n\u00eb 5.1 do t\u00eb shtohen mij\u00ebra drajver\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr pajisjet audio.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shembull, do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb drajver p\u00ebr kart\u00ebn e z\u00ebrit Fireface UCX<\/a><\/noindex>, e orientuar p\u00ebr pun\u00eb n\u00eb studiot e regjistrimit dhe sallat e koncertit. Po ashtu do t\u00eb shtojn\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> draiverin MediaTek BTCVSD p\u00ebr \u00e7ipin Bluetooth, i propozuar nga zhvilluesit e MediaTek.<\/p>\n

Pritet mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr Asahi Kasei Microdevices AK4497, Cirrus Logic CS4341\/CS35L26 dhe kontrolluesit e integruar t\u00eb Google ChromeOS. N\u00eb list\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden gjithashtu Ingenic JZ4725B, MT8183 dhe MT6358, NXP MICFIL, Rockchip RK3328, kontrolluesit e Spreadtrum DMA dhe shum\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"Nukuli
\n\/ Flickr \/ Christopher Michel<\/a><\/noindex> \/ CC BY<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb tjet\u00ebr mund t\u00eb presim n\u00eb kernelin Linux 5.1<\/h2>\n

\nSipas Phoronix, zhvilluesit mund t\u00eb kthejn\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> N\u00eb Linux 5.1, do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret memoria e p\u00ebrhershme si RAM. N\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, Optane NVDIMM (e prodhuar me teknologjin\u00eb 3D Xpoint) mbi shinat DDR4 do t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb \"konsistoj\u00eb\" si nj\u00eb angazhim operativ.<\/p>\n

Lexoni m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn q\u00eb po b\u00ebhet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim n\u00eb thread-in n\u00eb LKML<\/a><\/noindex>. Tani Linus po pret sqarime<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr sjelljen e Optane nga zhvilluesit e Intel. Vet\u00ebm pas marrjes s\u00eb informacionit, ai do t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb vendim n\u00ebse do ta p\u00ebrfshij\u00eb funksionin e ri n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn 5.1.<\/p>\n

Gjithashtu, mund t\u00eb priten patch-e q\u00eb zgjidhin problemin e vitit 2038.<\/a><\/noindex>M\u00eb 19 janar 2038, vlera e koh\u00ebs do t\u00eb ndalet \"n\u00eb vend\" n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb 32-bit me n\u00ebnshkrim. Kjo do t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb defekte masive n\u00eb programe. Prandaj, zhvilluesit gradualisht po b\u00ebjn\u00eb ndryshime<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb thirrjet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse t\u00eb sistemit - versioni i ri i b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb shum\u00eb informacion p\u00ebr ndryshimet potenciale n\u00eb kodin e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs Linux mund t\u00eb pritet s\u00eb shpejti. Ne do t\u00eb vazhdojm\u00eb t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb p\u00ebr to n\u00eb materialet e ardhshme.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb blogun ton\u00eb korporativ:<\/h5>\n

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