{"id":42162,"date":"2019-03-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-17T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/yadro-linux-5-1-chto-izvestno-ob-izmeneniyah"},"modified":"2020-02-18T13:44:58","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T10:44:58","slug":"yadro-linux-5-1-chto-izvestno-ob-izmeneniyah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/yadro-linux-5-1-chto-izvestno-ob-izmeneniyah","title":{"rendered":"Ngritja e kernelit Linux 5.1 - \u00e7far\u00eb dihet p\u00ebr ndryshimet","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Versioni jubileu e kernel-it Linux 5.0 u publikua n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb marsit. Por puna p\u00ebr kernel-in 5.1 tashm\u00eb ka filluar. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb material do t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb disa risi q\u00eb pritet t\u00eb vijn\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb version.<\/p>\n

\"Ngritja<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\n\/ Flickr \/ ayu oshimi<\/a><\/noindex> \/ CC BY-SA<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Ndalin mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr a.out<\/h2>\n

\nLinux mb\u00ebshtet skedar\u00ebt binar\u00eb ELF<\/a><\/noindex> q\u00eb nga versioni i par\u00eb i kernel-it. Pas 25 vitesh, a.out<\/a><\/noindex> planifikojn\u00eb t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb n\u00eb kategorin\u00eb e teknologjive t\u00eb kaluara (deprecated). Zhvilluesit thon\u00eb se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb procedur\u00eb e nevojshme, pasi pas k\u00ebsaj kohe kodi ka filluar \"t\u00eb kalbet\"<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Linus Torvalds ve\u00e7mas theksoi<\/a><\/noindex>, se asnj\u00eb nga kompajler\u00ebt ekzistues nuk krijon binary formati a.out, prandaj nuk ka m\u00eb ndonj\u00eb kuptim n\u00eb t\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Shk\u00ebputja nga a.out do t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb n\u00eb dy faza. N\u00eb Linux 5.1 do t\u00eb hiqet kodi i dep\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb memories (core dumping<\/a><\/noindex> code) \u2014 kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 500 rreshta<\/a><\/noindex>. Sipas Linus-it, \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e pamundur q\u00eb dikush t\u00eb ket\u00eb nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb merret me kodin e trash\u00ebguar, dhe p\u00ebrdoruesit q\u00eb ende gjenerojn\u00eb skedar\u00eb ekzekutiv\u00eb a.out do t\u00eb ken\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rifilluar proceset e tyre t\u00eb biznesit.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb rrelease-t e ardhshme mb\u00ebshtetja do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpritet plot\u00ebsisht, por vet\u00ebm n\u00ebse n\u00eb komunitet nuk gjendet ndonj\u00eb person q\u00eb t\u00eb marr\u00eb p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetjen e formatit.<\/p>\n

B\u00ebhen ndryshime n\u00eb patch-et kund\u00ebr Spectre<\/h2>\n

\nDisa ndryshime do t\u00eb b\u00ebhen n\u00eb patch-in Retpoline p\u00ebr mbrojtjen nga sulmi Spectre v2. Ai p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb sekuenc\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb instrukcionesh q\u00eb bllokon mekanizmin e ekzekutimit spekullues n\u00eb procesor. Zhvilluesit planifikojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur<\/a><\/noindex> t\u00eb rrisin pragun p\u00ebr gjenerimin e thirrjeve indirekte nga operator\u00ebt e deg\u00ebs nga pes\u00eb n\u00eb twenty. N\u00eb disa raste, kjo do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e performanc\u00ebs me 20%.<\/p>\n

Po ashtu, kernel-i 5.1 do t\u00eb marr\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> ka flagun e ri PR_SPEC_DISABLE_NOEXEC, i cili \u00e7on n\u00eb ndalimin e mbrojtjes nga dob\u00ebsia Spectre v4 n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha proceset e n\u00ebnshtruara q\u00eb ekzekutohen n\u00eb server. Ai lidhet me funksionin\u00a0memory disambiguation<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili lejonte ekzekutimin e komandave jasht\u00eb rendit. Sipas ekspert\u00ebve, flagu automatizon kontrollin p\u00ebr ndalimin e patch-it dhe do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtimin e server\u00ebve me num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh procesesh t\u00eb ekzekutuara nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht. M\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ne kemi shkruar n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga materialet e kaluara<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Funksionet e reja q\u00eb optimizojn\u00eb operimin e server\u00ebve Linux mund t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb popullaritetin e k\u00ebsaj OS n\u00eb mjedisin cloud. Ne n\u00eb 1cloud<\/a><\/noindex> Kemi mbledhur statistikat - sistemi operativ m\u00eb i popullsh\u00ebm n\u00eb re nd\u00ebr klient\u00ebt tan\u00eb mbetet Windows (79%). Pjesa e Linux arrin 20%. N\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen, ne presim q\u00eb sistemi i dyt\u00eb t\u00eb rikuperoj\u00eb pozitat e tij n\u00eb treg. Gjithashtu sjellim grafikun e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb pjes\u00ebve nd\u00ebr shp\u00ebrndarjet Linux (Shp\u00ebrndarja m\u00eb e njohur nd\u00ebr klient\u00ebt tan\u00eb mbetet Ubuntu - 45%, pas saj \u00ebsht\u00eb CentOS me 28% dhe Debian me 26%.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"Ngritja\"Ngritja
\n<\/p>\n

Shtojn\u00eb audiot driver\u00eb (shum\u00eb)<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00eb nj\u00eb nga diskutimet n\u00eb Hacker News, rezident\u00ebt v\u00ebrshuan<\/a><\/noindex>, se Linux kishte gjithmon\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr harduerin. Por n\u00eb 5.1 do t\u00eb shtohet nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb driver\u00ebve<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr pajisjet audio.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shembull, do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb driver p\u00ebr kart\u00ebn e z\u00ebrit Fireface UCX<\/a><\/noindex>, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb e orientuar p\u00ebr pun\u00eb n\u00eb studio regjistrimi dhe sallone koncertesh. Gjithashtu do t\u00eb shtojn\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> driver MediaTek BTCVSD p\u00ebr \u00e7ipin Bluetooth, i propozuar nga zhvilluesit e MediaTek.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb pritje jan\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr Asahi Kasei Microdevices AK4497, Cirrus Logic CS4341\/CS35L26 dhe kontrolluesit e integruar Google ChromeOS. Po ashtu n\u00eb list\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebnuara Ingenic JZ4725B, MT8183 dhe MT6358, NXP MICFIL, Rockchip RK3328, kontrolluesit Spreadtrum DMA dhe shum\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"Ngritja
\n\/ Flickr \/ Christopher Michel<\/a><\/noindex> \/ CC BY<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb pritet n\u00eb Linux kernel 5.1<\/h2>\n

\nSipas Phoronix, zhvilluesit mund t\u00eb rikthejn\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb Linux 5.1 mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur memorie t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme si RAM. N\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, Optane NVDIMM (e b\u00ebr\u00eb me teknologjin\u00eb 3D Xpoint) n\u00eb autobusin DDR4 do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb \"kthehet\" n\u00eb nj\u00eb memorje operativ.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb shum\u00eb informacion rreth pun\u00ebs q\u00eb po b\u00ebhet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim lexoni n\u00eb diskutimin n\u00eb LKML<\/a><\/noindex>. Tani Linus po pret sqarime<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr sjelljen e Optane nga zhvilluesit e Intel. Vet\u00ebm pas marrjes s\u00eb k\u00ebtyre informacionit ai do t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb vendim n\u00ebse duhet ta p\u00ebrfshij\u00eb funksionin e ri n\u00eb kernel 5.1.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj pritet q\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb patch-e q\u00eb zgjidhin problemin e vitit 2038.<\/a><\/noindex>M\u00eb 19 janar 2038 vlera e koh\u00ebs do t\u00eb ndaloj\u00eb \"t\u00eb hyj\u00eb\" n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb 32-bit me shenj\u00eb. Kjo do t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb d\u00ebshtime masive n\u00eb programe. Prandaj, zhvilluesit gradualisht po b\u00ebjn\u00eb ndryshime<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb thirrjet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse sistemore - versioni i ri i kernelit nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb shum\u00eb informacion mbi ndryshimet potenciale n\u00eb kodin e Linux kernel pritet t\u00eb vij\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen e af\u00ebrt. Ne do t\u00eb vazhdojm\u00eb t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb p\u00ebr to n\u00eb materialet e ardhshme.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb blogun ton\u00eb t\u00eb korporat\u00ebs:<\/h5>\n

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