{"id":42163,"date":"2019-03-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-17T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/obsuzhdenie-stanut-li-dnk-hranilishha-massovymi"},"modified":"2020-02-18T13:44:58","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T10:44:58","slug":"obsuzhdenie-stanut-li-dnk-hranilishha-massovymi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/obsuzhdenie-stanut-li-dnk-hranilishha-massovymi","title":{"rendered":"Diskutimi: A do t\u00eb b\u00ebhen depozit\u00eb t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00eb?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Ruajtjet me ADN ende nuk jan\u00eb gati t\u00eb hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim masiv, por disa ekspert\u00eb mendohen<\/a><\/noindex>, se kjo situat\u00eb do t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb tashm\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen e af\u00ebrt. Gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb kompani po fillojn\u00eb t\u00eb merren me k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje.<\/p>\n

\"Diskutimi:<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\nFoto University of Michigan<\/a><\/noindex> \/ Flickr \/ CC BY<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Pse po punohet p\u00ebr ruajtjen me ADN<\/h2>\n

\nSipas parashikimeve<\/a><\/noindex> e organizat\u00ebs Cambridge Consultants, s\u00eb shpejti pajisjet e ruajtjes nuk do t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat n\u00eb ndryshim p\u00ebr ruajtjen dhe p\u00ebrpunimin e v\u00ebllimeve n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb qendrat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb ekspert\u00ebsh t\u00eb industris\u00eb IT jan\u00eb t\u00eb bindur se zgjidhja q\u00ebndron n\u00eb zhvillimin e mediave alternative.<\/p>\n

Sa i p\u00ebrket densitetit t\u00eb regjistrimit, revista Nature vler\u00ebson<\/a><\/noindex>, se t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e bot\u00ebs mund t\u00eb regjistrohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb ruajtje me ADN me pesh\u00eb deri n\u00eb nj\u00eb kilogram. Sa i p\u00ebrket jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb nj\u00eb ruajt\u00ebsi t\u00eb till\u00eb, ajo mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb (sipas vler\u00ebsimeve t\u00eb ndryshme) nj\u00eb mij\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> ose dhjet\u00eb mij\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> vjet.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr arsye pse ekspert\u00ebt i konsiderojn\u00eb premtuese ruajtjet me ADN \u00ebsht\u00eb ulja e vazhdueshme e kostos s\u00eb regjistrimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb medium. N\u00ebse n\u00eb vitin 2002 kostoja e regjistrimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb simboli n\u00eb nj\u00eb molekul\u00eb ishte 10 $, deri n\u00eb vitin 2016 ajo arriti n\u00eb 0,05 $. N\u00ebse kjo prirje vazhdon gjat\u00eb dekad\u00ebs s\u00eb ardhshme, teknologjia do t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb nj\u00eb segment t\u00eb ri n\u00eb tregun e ruajtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Sipas nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsimi<\/a><\/noindex>, xhiroja vjetore e segmentit t\u00eb ruajtjes me ADN mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb n\u00eb qindra miliona dollar\u00eb gjat\u00eb dhjet\u00eb viteve t\u00eb ardhshme.<\/p>\n

Kush po krijon ruajtje me ADN<\/h2>\n

\nPerspektivat e k\u00ebtij mediumi po t\u00ebrheqin kompani t\u00eb m\u00ebdha IT, t\u00eb cilat po shqyrtojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb tij n\u00eb ruajtjet arkivore t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. P\u00ebr shembull, Microsoft planifikon<\/a><\/noindex> synon t\u00eb nis\u00eb ruajtjet me ADN q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2020. Vlen t\u00eb theksohet se specialist\u00ebt e kompanis\u00eb tashm\u00eb kan\u00eb arritur\u00a0t\u00eb regjistrojn\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0200 megabajt t\u00eb dh\u00ebna n\u00eb spirale artificiale t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb dhe t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi regjistrimi prej 400 bajt\u00ebsh n\u00eb sekond\u00eb. Zhvillimet e reja do t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb mundur p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e k\u00ebtyre treguesve, megjith\u00ebse p\u00ebr momentin duhet t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr instalime mjaft voluminoze p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, q\u00eb p\u00ebr nga p\u00ebrmasat ngjajn\u00eb me<\/a><\/noindex> aparatet e vjetra t\u00eb kopjimit t\u00eb viteve \u201970 t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb kaluar.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr kompani q\u00eb merret me zhvillimin e ruajtjes me ADN quhet Catalog. Ky startup po punon p\u00ebr krijimin e<\/a><\/noindex> nj\u00eb laboratori modular, me p\u00ebrmasa sa nj\u00eb autobus. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb i pajisur menj\u00ebher\u00eb me gjith\u00e7ka t\u00eb nevojshme p\u00ebr sintez\u00ebn e molekulave t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb dhe ruajtjen e m\u00ebtejshme t\u00eb tyre. Pajisja planifikohet t\u00eb dal\u00eb n\u00eb shitje n\u00eb vitin 2021.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr teknologjin\u00eb po interesohen edhe bioinxhinier\u00ebt. Potencialin e ruajtjes n\u00eb ADN e sheh<\/a><\/noindex> profesori i Harvardit George Church. Ai, s\u00eb bashku me koleg\u00ebt, synon t\u00eb merret me krijimin e nj\u00eb kamere t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb \u00abbiologjike\u00bb. N\u00eb t\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb komponent\u00eb elektronik\u00eb apo mekanik\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa fotoja ose videoja do t\u00eb ruhet drejtp\u00ebrdrejt n\u00eb molekulat e ADN-s\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr projekt n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb SGI-DNA. Ekipi ka prezantuar<\/a><\/noindex> nj\u00eb printer ADN-je, p\u00ebrmasat e t\u00eb cilit jan\u00eb t\u00eb krahasueshme me nj\u00eb pajisje t\u00eb zakonshme zyre. Sistemi tashm\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr printimin e molekulave p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime k\u00ebrkimesh biologjike dhe mjek\u00ebsore. Por zhvilluesit planifikojn\u00eb ta p\u00ebrdorin printerin p\u00ebr kodimin e informacionit n\u00eb ADN.<\/p>\n

\"Diskutimi:
\nFoto University of Michigan<\/a><\/noindex> \/ Flickr \/ CC BY<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Ana tjet\u00ebr e medaljes<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00eb industrin\u00eb IT ka edhe q\u00ebndrime m\u00eb t\u00eb kujdesshme ndaj k\u00ebtij mediumi t\u00eb ri t\u00eb informacionit. Sipas disa vler\u00ebsimeve<\/a><\/noindex>, do t\u00eb duhen disa dekada q\u00eb teknologjia t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapet gjer\u00ebsisht.<\/p>\n

Arsyeja e par\u00eb<\/b> \u2014 kostoja e shkrimit. Edhe pse ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb ulur vitet e fundit, ruajtja e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb molekula mbetet ende e shtrenjt\u00eb: p\u00ebr t\u00eb regjistruar n\u00eb ADN nj\u00eb skedar me madh\u00ebsi nj\u00eb megabajt, do t\u00eb duhen rreth tet\u00eb mij\u00eb dollar\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Arsyeja e dyt\u00eb<\/b> \u2014 shpejt\u00ebsia e ul\u00ebt e shkrimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Microsoft dhe partner\u00ebt e saj kan\u00eb arritur<\/a><\/noindex> 400 bajt n\u00eb sekond\u00eb. Por sipas vler\u00ebsimeve t\u00eb inxhinier\u00ebve t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb, p\u00ebr p\u00ebrhapje masive t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb, kapaciteti i transmetimit duhet t\u00eb arrij\u00eb 100 MB\/s.<\/p>\n

Arsyeja e tret\u00eb<\/b> \u2014 probleme t\u00eb mundshme me sigurin\u00eb e informacionit. Studiuesit nga Universiteti i Uashingtonit tashm\u00eb treguan<\/a><\/noindex>kan\u00eb treguar se edhe viruset kompjuterike mund t\u00eb ruhen n\u00eb molekul\u00ebn e ADN-s\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen, kjo mund t'u jap\u00eb keqb\u00ebr\u00ebsve mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb fusin programe t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme n\u00eb rrjetet e laborator\u00ebve t\u00eb specializuar dhe t\u00eb komprometojn\u00eb depot me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna personale.<\/p>\n

Alternativat ndaj ruajtjes n\u00eb ADN<\/h2>\n

\n\u00cbsht\u00eb ende her\u00ebt t\u00eb flitet p\u00ebr zbatim masiv t\u00eb ruajtjes n\u00eb ADN, prandaj nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb kompanish po zhvillojn\u00eb alternativa dhe po p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsojn\u00eb teknologjit\u00eb ekzistuese. Nj\u00eb prej tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb shiriti magnetik. Ai p\u00ebrdoret prej disa dekadash n\u00eb qendrat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave arkivore. Jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsia e tij arrin n\u00eb tridhjet\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> vjet. Edhe pse kjo nuk krahasohet me jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsin\u00eb e ADN-s\u00eb, shiriti i tejkalon disqet e forta dhe SSD-t\u00eb p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket koh\u00ebs s\u00eb ruajtjes. K\u00ebto t\u00eb fundit zgjasin deri n\u00eb dhjet\u00eb vjet. Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e shiritit \u00ebsht\u00eb kostoja. Kostoja e ruajtjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb gigabajti memorieje \u00ebsht\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm dy cent. <\/p>\n

P\u00ebr k\u00ebto arsye, shiriti magnetik p\u00ebrdoret ende nga kompani t\u00eb m\u00ebdha IT, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht IBM. Sipas parashikimeve<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve t\u00eb gjigantit t\u00eb IT-s\u00eb, ky medium do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb qendrat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn deri n\u00eb vitin 2030.<\/p>\n

Alternativa e dyt\u00eb ndaj ruajtjes n\u00eb ADN jan\u00eb nanostrukturat. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb vitin 2016 inxhinier\u00eb nga Universiteti i Delftit krijuan<\/a><\/noindex> nj\u00eb pllak\u00eb prej bakri, n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqen e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs formohej nj\u00eb rrjet\u00eb prej atomesh klori. Duke ndryshuar vendosjen e \u201cvrimave\u201d n\u00eb rrjet\u00eb, autor\u00ebt koduan bit\u00ebt n\u00eb vargje. N\u00eb nj\u00eb centimet\u00ebr katror t\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqes s\u00eb nj\u00eb materiali t\u00eb till\u00eb do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb regjistrohen deri n\u00eb dhjet\u00eb terabajt t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr teknologji e lidhur me nanostrukturat prezantuan<\/a><\/noindex> u prezantua nga shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt kinez\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2018. B\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb film prej dioksidi titani dhe argjendi, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb 80 her\u00eb m\u00eb i holl\u00eb se floku i njeriut. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, informacioni ruhet n\u00eb nanogrimca q\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb ngjyr\u00eb n\u00ebn ndikimin e nj\u00eb rrezeje lazer.<\/p>\n

Sipas krijuesve t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb, nj\u00eb cop\u00eb filmi me p\u00ebrmasa 10x10 centimetra mund t\u00eb ruaj\u00eb nj\u00eb mij\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna se nj\u00eb disk DVD. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, shpejt\u00ebsia e shkrimit n\u00eb nj\u00eb pajisje t\u00eb till\u00eb arrin n\u00eb nj\u00eb gigabajt n\u00eb sekond\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Postime nga blogu yn\u00eb:<\/p>\n