{"id":42216,"date":"2019-03-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-17T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/kontseptsii-programmirovaniya-v-scratch"},"modified":"2020-02-18T13:45:03","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T10:45:03","slug":"kontseptsii-programmirovaniya-v-scratch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/kontseptsii-programmirovaniya-v-scratch","title":{"rendered":"Koncepte programimi n\u00eb Scratch","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Koncepte<\/p>\n

Shum\u00eb njohin Scratch \u2013 nj\u00eb mjedis programimi p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb, ku m\u00ebsimi zakonisht p\u00ebrkon me krijimin e projekteve kreative sipas parimit \"nga e thjeshta n\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuar\". Megjithat\u00eb, \"qasja klasike\" ndaj studimit t\u00eb programimit (variablat \u2192 deg\u00ebzimet \u2192 ciklet \u2192 funksionet \u2192 strukturat \u2192 objektet \u2192 \u2026) \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb n\u00eb Scratch.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, ndryshimi i rendit t\u00eb studimit t\u00eb koncepteve (le t\u2019i quajm\u00eb k\u00ebto koncepte) t\u00eb programimit strukturor, objektor dhe t\u00eb orientuar ndaj ngjarjeve, dhe fshehja e tyre pas sprite-ve t\u00eb ndritsh\u00ebm dhe animacioneve interaktive, nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se nuk duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet theks mbi konceptet. Sidomos n\u00ebse q\u00ebllimi \u00ebsht\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm zhvillimi i aft\u00ebsive krijuese, por edhe m\u00ebsimi i programimit. <\/a><\/noindex>K\u00ebt\u00eb ide e kam p\u00ebrmbledhur n\u00eb pun\u00ebn time kurs<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

I pari q\u00eb p\u00ebrballet nj\u00eb skretcher i ri jan\u00eb sprytet. Edhe pse n\u00eb Scratch nuk ka programim objektor n\u00eb kuptimin e plot\u00eb, sprytet mund t\u00eb konsiderohen si objekte. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb faz\u00eb, nx\u00ebn\u00ebsi sheh se n\u00eb program mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb shum\u00eb objekte, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat skriptet e jashtme kontrollojn\u00eb sjelljen. Sprytet marrin komanda ose n\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb ndajn\u00eb informacionin p\u00ebr gjendjen e tyre, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se programimi reduktohet n\u00eb menaxhimin e objekteve.<\/p>\n

E dyta q\u00eb i bie menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb kok\u00eb programuesit t\u00eb ri n\u00eb Scratch \u00ebsht\u00eb koncepti i shum\u00ebproceseve. \u00c7do spryt mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb disa skripte q\u00eb ekzekutohen nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht. Disa spryt gjithashtu mund t\u00eb ekzekutojn\u00eb programet e tyre nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin. Kjo e b\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb komplikuar organizimin e ekzekutimit t\u00eb radh\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

\"Koncepte<\/p>\n

\"Koncepte<\/p>\n

Q\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebsimin e par\u00eb, nuk mund t\u00eb shmangim njohjen me ciklet. P\u00ebrndryshe, macja nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb faz\u00eb, njohja duhet t\u00eb mbetet intuitiv dhe sip\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsor. Ne e kufizojm\u00eb at\u00eb n\u00eb ciklet \"p\u00ebrs\u00ebrit gjithmon\u00eb\" dhe \"p\u00ebrs\u00ebrit ... her\u00eb\", t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb thjeshta p\u00ebr t'u kuptuar. Cikli me kusht studjohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebsim t\u00eb caktuar posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr ciklet. Ky m\u00ebsim k\u00ebrkon njohuri mbi shprehjet logjike dhe variablat.<\/p>\n

Duke qen\u00eb se Scratch \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb ambient i orientuar nga ngjarjet, blloket e operatorit t\u00eb kushtit jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lehta p\u00ebr t'u studiuar p\u00ebrpara variablave. Kushtet mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb ngjarje t\u00eb ndryshme.<\/p>\n

\"Koncepte<\/p>\n

Sipas mendimit tim, nj\u00eb renditje e till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e mir\u00eb, pasi n\u00eb \u00e7do m\u00ebsim ne prezantojm\u00eb nj\u00eb minimum konceptesh. Dhe jo abstrakte, por menj\u00ebher\u00eb shohim dobin\u00eb e tyre praktike.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse fillojm\u00eb t\u00eb studiojm\u00eb variablat p\u00ebrpara, at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb demonstrohet roli dhe p\u00ebrfitimi i tyre, pasi deri m\u00eb tani nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb studiuar operatori i kushtit, futja e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe gjenerimi i numrave t\u00eb rastit. <\/p>\n

N\u00eb Scratch, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 listave, programuesi p\u00ebrballet me tri tipe t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave: numra, stringje dhe llojin boolean. Ky lloj \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur me vler\u00ebn, jo me variablin. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb konvertohen stringjet n\u00eb numra dhe anasjelltas. Stringjet nuk p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb thonj\u00ebza.<\/p>\n

Blloku q\u00eb kthen nj\u00eb vler\u00eb logjike dhe ka form\u00ebn e tij karakteristike katror mund t\u00eb vendoset n\u00eb fusha t\u00eb rrumbullak\u00ebta. E kund\u00ebrta nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb: atje ku parashihet nj\u00eb shprehje logjike, nuk mund t\u00eb vendoset nj\u00eb variab\u00ebl e zakonshme.<\/p>\n

\"Koncepte<\/p>\n

Scratch \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb gjat\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb mos ndodhin gabime kritike. Ndoshta p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, n\u00ebse p\u00ebrpiqeni t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni nj\u00eb string n\u00eb nj\u00eb operacion aritmetik, ky z\u00ebvend\u00ebsohet me zero (shih skrin e par\u00eb).<\/p>\n

Programuesi duhet t\u00eb dij\u00eb se mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb programimit zgjerohen nga bibliotekat. Duke punuar n\u00eb Scratch, nx\u00ebn\u00ebsi mund t\u00eb lidh\u00eb shtesa, t\u00eb cilat sjellin n\u00eb ambient komanda t\u00eb reja.<\/p>\n

\"Koncepte<\/p>\n

Funksionet n\u00eb Scratch realizohen n\u00eb seksionin \u00abBlloqe t\u00eb tjera\u00bb, ku nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb bllok t\u00eb vetin q\u00eb mund t\u00eb futet n\u00eb skenar\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, duhet t\u00eb grumbulloni funksionalitetin e k\u00ebtij blloku, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb ai.<\/p>\n

\"Koncepte<\/p>\n

Nuk ka kthim t\u00eb vlerave nga funksionet n\u00eb Scratch.<\/p>\n

Pra, studimi i koncepteve t\u00eb programimit n\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis t\u00eb orientuar nga ngjarjet ka nj\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb vetin. N\u00eb thelb, ne fillimisht m\u00ebsojm\u00eb koncepte m\u00eb t\u00eb komplikuara dhe abstrakte dhe, vet\u00ebm duke thelluar n\u00eb proces, kalojm\u00eb n\u00eb element\u00ebt e programimit struktural. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfitim ose nj\u00eb mang\u00ebsi p\u00ebr njohje t\u00eb par\u00eb \u2013 nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje e diskutueshme.<\/p>\n

Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c Scratch \u2013 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0443 \u00ab\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443\u00bb. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u00ab\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u00bb \u043a \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u2192 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2192 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u044b \u2192 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u2192 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u2192 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u2192 \u2026) \u0432 Scratch \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0439 (\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438) \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e- […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42216","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Koncepcionet e programimit n\u00eb Scratch | ProHoster","description":"Shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz e njohin Scratch \u2013 nj\u00eb mjedis programimi p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb, ku m\u00ebsimi zakonisht reduktohet n\u00eb krijimin e projekteve krijuese sipas parimit \u00abnga e thjeshta n\u00eb t\u00eb komplikuar\u00bb. 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