{"id":53039,"date":"2019-11-22T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-21T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/lokalizatsiya-zvukov-kak-mozg-raspoznaet-istochniki-zvukov"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:00:53","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:00:53","slug":"lokalizatsiya-zvukov-kak-mozg-raspoznaet-istochniki-zvukov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/lokalizatsiya-zvukov-kak-mozg-raspoznaet-istochniki-zvukov","title":{"rendered":"Lokalizimi i tingujve: si e njoh truri burimin e tingujve","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Lokalizimi
\n
\nBota q\u00eb na rrethojn\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e mbushur me nj\u00eb mori informacioni, t\u00eb cilin truri yn\u00eb e p\u00ebrpunon vazhdimisht. Ai merr k\u00ebt\u00eb informacion p\u00ebrmes organeve t\u00eb shqisave, secili prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb sinjaleve: syt\u00eb (shikimi), gjuha (shija), hunda (er\u00eb), l\u00ebkura (ndijimi), aparati vestibular (balanca, pozita n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb dhe ndjenja e pesh\u00ebs) dhe veshi (z\u00ebri). Duke grumbulluar sinjalet nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebto organe, truri yn\u00eb mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb nj\u00eb pasqyr\u00eb t\u00eb sakt\u00eb t\u00eb mjedisit p\u00ebrreth. Por nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb aspektet e p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb sinjaleve t\u00eb jashtme t\u00eb njohura p\u00ebr ne. Nj\u00eb nga misteret e tilla \u00ebsht\u00eb mekanizmi i lokalizimit t\u00eb burimeve t\u00eb z\u00ebrit.<\/p>\n

Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt nga laboratori i neuroinxhinieris\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb folur dhe t\u00eb d\u00ebgjuar (instituti teknologjik i New Jersey) kan\u00eb propozuar nj\u00eb model t\u00eb ri t\u00eb procesit neuronal t\u00eb lokalizimit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit. Cilat jan\u00eb proceset q\u00eb ndodhin n\u00eb trurin e njeriut gjat\u00eb perceptimit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit, si e kupton truri yn\u00eb pozit\u00ebn e burimit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit dhe si mund t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb kjo studim n\u00eb luft\u00ebn kund\u00ebr defekteve t\u00eb d\u00ebgjimit. K\u00ebt\u00eb do t\u00eb m\u00ebsojm\u00eb nga raporti i grupit k\u00ebrkimor. Le t\u00eb fillojm\u00eb.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Baza e studimit<\/h3>\n

\nInformacioni q\u00eb merr truri yn\u00eb nga organet e shqisave ndryshon nga nj\u00ebri-tjetri si nga burimi ashtu edhe nga m\u00ebnyra e p\u00ebrpunimit. Disa sinjale paraqiten menj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebrpara trurit ton\u00eb si informacion i sakt\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb tjera k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb procese t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme llogarit\u00ebse. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb, prekja e ndiejm\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb, por sapo d\u00ebgjojm\u00eb nj\u00eb z\u00eb, na duhet t\u00eb gjejm\u00eb se nga vjen. <\/p>\n

Baza e lokalizimit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit n\u00eb planin horizontal \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrhimi interaural*<\/i> ndryshimi n\u00eb koh\u00eb (ITD nga ndryshimi i koh\u00ebs interaural<\/i>) i z\u00ebreve q\u00eb arrijn\u00eb n\u00eb vesh\u00ebt e d\u00ebgjuesit.<\/p>\n

Baza interaurale*<\/b> \u00ebsht\u00eb distanca midis vesh\u00ebve.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

N\u00eb trurin e njeriut ekziston nj\u00eb zon\u00eb e caktuar (oliva e sip\u00ebrme mediale ose MVO), e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb proces. N\u00eb momentin e marrjes s\u00eb sinjalit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit n\u00eb MVO ndodh shnd\u00ebrrimi i diferencave interaurale n\u00eb koh\u00eb n\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e reagimit t\u00eb neuroneve. Forma e kurbave t\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb sinjalit t\u00eb daljes nga MVO si funksion i ITD-s\u00eb, ngjan me form\u00ebn e funksionit t\u00eb nd\u00ebrkorrelacionit t\u00eb sinjaleve hyr\u00ebse p\u00ebr secilin vesh.<\/p>\n

Si p\u00ebrpunojn\u00eb dhe interpretojn\u00eb informacionin n\u00eb MVO, mbetet ende e paqart\u00eb, q\u00eb shkakton disa teorira mjaft kontradiktore. Teoria m\u00eb e njohur dhe n\u00eb fakt klasike e lokalizimit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit \u00ebsht\u00eb modeli i Jeffress (Lloyd A. Jeffress<\/i>). Ai bazohet n\u00eb linja e markuar*<\/i> e neuroneve-detektor\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb t\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm ndaj sinkronizimit binaural t\u00eb sinjaleve neuronale hyr\u00ebse nga \u00e7do vesh, ku \u00e7do neuron \u00ebsht\u00eb maksimalisht i ndjesh\u00ebm ndaj nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb ITD (1A<\/b>).<\/p>\n

Parimi i linjave t\u00eb markuara*<\/b> \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb hipoteze q\u00eb shpjegon se si nervat e ndrysh\u00ebm, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat parime fisiologjike gjat\u00eb transferimit t\u00eb impulseve p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb akson\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre, jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb gjenerojn\u00eb ndjenja t\u00eb ndryshme. Nervat strukturalisht t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm mund t\u00eb gjenerojn\u00eb perceptime sensoriale t\u00eb ndryshme, n\u00ebse jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur me neurone unike n\u00eb sistemin nervor qendror, q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb dekodojn\u00eb sinjalet nervore t\u00eb ngjashme n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb ndryshme.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n\"Lokalizimi
\n Imazhi \u21161<\/i><\/p>\n

Ky model, n\u00eb aspektin e llogaritjeve, \u00ebsht\u00eb i ngjash\u00ebm me kodimin neuronal, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i bazuar n\u00eb korrelacione t\u00eb pakufizuara t\u00eb z\u00ebreve q\u00eb arrijn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb dy vesh\u00ebt. <\/p>\n

Po ashtu ekziston nj\u00eb model, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin supozohet se lokalizimi i z\u00ebrit mund t\u00eb modelohet n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshimeve n\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e reagimit t\u00eb grupeve t\u00eb caktuara t\u00eb neuroneve nga hemisferat e ndryshme t\u00eb trurit, dmth. modeli i asimetrijave nd\u00ebrhemisferike (1V<\/b>).<\/p>\n

Derisa ka qen\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb deklarohet nj\u00ebra nga dy teorit\u00eb (modelet) si e sakt\u00eb, duke marr\u00eb parasysh se secila parashikon lidhje t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb lokalizimit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb intensitetit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit. <\/p>\n

N\u00eb studimin q\u00eb po shqyrtojm\u00eb sot, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb bashkojn\u00eb t\u00eb dyja modelet, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar n\u00ebse perceptimi i z\u00ebrit bazohet n\u00eb kodimin neuronal apo n\u00eb ndryshimin e reagimeve t\u00eb grupeve t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb neuroneve. U kryen disa eksperimente n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb njer\u00ebz t\u00eb mosh\u00ebs nga 18 deri n\u00eb 27 vje\u00e7 (5 gra dhe 7 burra). Audiometria (matja e acuitetit t\u00eb d\u00ebgjimit) e pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve ishte 25 dB ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb me nj\u00eb frekuenc\u00eb nga 250 deri n\u00eb 8000 Hz. Pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit e eksperimenteve u vendos\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb dhom\u00eb t\u00eb izoluar akustikisht, ku ishte vendosur pajisje speciale, t\u00eb kalibruara me sakt\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit duhet t\u00eb tregojn\u00eb drejtimin nga ku vjen sinjali z\u00ebrit kur e d\u00ebgjojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Rezultatet e hulumtimit<\/h3>\n

\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar var\u00ebsin\u00eb laterizimit*<\/i> t\u00eb aktivitetit cerebral nga intensiteti i z\u00ebrit, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje ndaj neuroneve t\u00eb markuara u p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat mbi shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e reagimit t\u00eb neuroneve n\u00eb thelbin laminar t\u00eb trurit t\u00eb siren\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Lateralitet*<\/b> \u2014 asimetri e gjysm\u00ebs s\u00eb majt\u00eb dhe t\u00eb djatht\u00eb t\u00eb trupit.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar var\u00ebsin\u00eb e lateralizimit t\u00eb aktivitetit cerebral nga shpejt\u00ebsia e reagimit t\u00eb popullatave t\u00eb caktuara t\u00eb neuroneve, u p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e aktivitetit t\u00eb dy majave t\u00eb trurit t\u00eb majmunit rhesus, pas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs u llogarit\u00ebn m\u00eb tej ndryshimet n\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e neuroneve nga hemisferat e ndryshme.<\/p>\n

Modeli i linj\u00ebs s\u00eb etiketuar t\u00eb neuroneve-detectore sugjeron se, me uljen e intensitetit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit, lateraliteti i burimit t\u00eb perceptuar do t\u00eb afrohet n\u00eb vlera mesatare, t\u00eb ngjashme p\u00ebr proporcione t\u00eb z\u00ebrit t\u00eb qet\u00eb dhe t\u00eb fort\u00eb (1C<\/b>).<\/p>\n

Modeli i asimetris\u00eb nd\u00ebr-hemisferike, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, sugjeron se, kur intensiteti i z\u00ebrit ulet deri n\u00eb af\u00ebr skajit t\u00eb perceptuesh\u00ebm, lateraliteti i perceptuar do t\u00eb zhvendoset drejt vij\u00ebs q\u00eb ndan dy hemisferat (1D<\/b>).<\/p>\n

Me nj\u00eb intensitet t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb z\u00ebrit, supozohet se lateralizimi do t\u00eb jet\u00eb invariant ndaj intensitetit (shtesat n\u00eb 1C<\/b> dhe 1D<\/b>).<\/p>\n

Prandaj, analiza se si intensiteti i z\u00ebrit ndikon n\u00eb drejtimin e perceptuar t\u00eb z\u00ebrit, lejon t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohet sakt\u00ebsisht natyra e proceseve q\u00eb zhvillohen n\u00eb at\u00eb moment \u2014 neurone nga nj\u00eb zon\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt ose neurone nga hemisfera t\u00eb ndryshme.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se aft\u00ebsia e njeriut p\u00ebr t\u00eb dalluar ITD mund t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb intensitetit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit. Megjithat\u00eb, studiuesit deklarojn\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e komplikuar t\u00eb interpretohen p\u00ebrfundimet e m\u00ebparshme q\u00eb lidhin ndjeshm\u00ebrin\u00eb ndaj ITD dhe vler\u00ebsimin e drejtimit t\u00eb burimit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit nga d\u00ebgjuesi si funksion t\u00eb intensitetit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit. Disa studime thon\u00eb se, me arritjen e intensitetit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit n\u00eb pragun kufitar, perceptimi i lateralitetit t\u00eb burimit ulet. T\u00eb tjera studime flasin p\u00ebr faktin se intensiteti nuk ka ndonj\u00eb ndikim n\u00eb perceptim fare.<\/p>\n

Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, studiuesit \"k\u00ebndojn\u00eb\" n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb but\u00eb se n\u00eb literatur\u00eb ka shum\u00eb pak informacion n\u00eb lidhje me lidhjen e ITD, intensitetin e z\u00ebrit dhe p\u00ebrcaktimin e drejtimit t\u00eb burimit t\u00eb tij. Ka teori q\u00eb ekzistojn\u00eb si nj\u00eb lloj aksionesh, t\u00eb pranuara gjer\u00ebsisht nga komuniteti shkencor. Si pasoj\u00eb, u vendos t\u00eb verifikohet n\u00eb detaje t\u00eb gjitha teorit\u00eb, modelet dhe mekanizmat e mundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb perceptimit t\u00eb d\u00ebgjimit n\u00eb praktik\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Eksperimenti i par\u00eb u themelua mbi p\u00ebrdorimin e paradigmas psikofizike, e cila lejojti studimin e lateralizimit bazuar n\u00eb ITD si nj\u00eb funksion t\u00eb intensitetit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit n\u00eb nj\u00eb grup prej dhjet\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsish q\u00eb d\u00ebgjonin normal.<\/p>\n

\"Lokalizimi
\nImazhi \u21162<\/i><\/p>\n

Burimet e z\u00ebrit u rregulluan ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbuluar nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb madhe frekuencash, brenda t\u00eb cilave njer\u00ebzit jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb njohin ITD, dmth. nga 300 deri n\u00eb 1200 Hz (2A<\/b>).<\/p>\n

N\u00eb \u00e7do provim, d\u00ebgjuesi duhej t\u00eb tregonte lateralitetin e supozuar, e cila matet si funksion i nivelit t\u00eb ndjenj\u00ebs, n\u00eb nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb vlerave t\u00eb ITD nga 375 deri n\u00eb 375 ms. P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar ndikimin e intensitetit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit, u p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb model jo-lineare t\u00eb efektit t\u00eb p\u00ebrzier (NMLE), i cili p\u00ebrfshinte si intensitetin e z\u00ebrit t\u00eb ngurt\u00eb ashtu edhe at\u00eb t\u00eb rastit.<\/p>\n

Grafik 2B<\/b> tregon lateralitetin e vler\u00ebsuar me zhurm\u00ebn spektralisht t\u00eb planeve n\u00eb dy intensitete t\u00eb z\u00ebrit p\u00ebr d\u00ebgjuesin p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues. Dhe grafiku 2C<\/b> tregon t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e pap\u00ebrpunuara (rrethinat) dhe ato t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatura sipas modelit NMLE (linjat) t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb d\u00ebgjuesve.<\/p>\n

\"Lokalizimi
\nTabel\u00eb \u21161<\/i><\/p>\n

Tabela m\u00eb sip\u00ebr tregon t\u00eb gjitha parametrat NLME. \u00cbsht\u00eb e dukshme se lateraliteti i perceptuar u rrit me rritjen e ITD, si\u00e7 ishim duke pritur shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt. Me uljen e intensitetit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit, perceptimi u zhvendos gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb drejt vij\u00ebs s\u00eb mesme (shtesa n\u00eb grafik 2C<\/b>).<\/p>\n

K\u00ebto tendenca u mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebn nga modeli NLME, i cili tregoi nj\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb ITD dhe intensitetit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit n\u00eb shkall\u00ebn maksimale t\u00eb lateralitetit, duke e konfirmuar modelin e dallimeve nd\u00ebr-hemisferike.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, nj\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb vog\u00ebl n\u00eb lateralitetin e perceptuar e kishin pragjet audiometrike t\u00eb ton\u00ebve t\u00eb past\u00ebr. Nd\u00ebrsa intensiteti i z\u00ebrit nuk kishte ndonj\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb rezultatet e funksioneve psikometrike.<\/p>\n

Q\u00ebllimi kryesor i eksperimentit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb ishte t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohet se si rezultatet e arritura n\u00eb eksperimentin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm do t\u00eb ndryshonin me marrjen parasysh t\u00eb ve\u00e7orive spektrale t\u00eb stimujve (z\u00ebra). Nevoja p\u00ebr t\u00eb verifikuar zhurm\u00ebn spektralisht t\u00eb planeve me intensitet t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb z\u00ebrit q\u00ebndron n\u00eb faktin se pjes\u00ebt e spektrit mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb pad\u00ebgjuara dhe kjo mund t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin e drejtimit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit. Prandaj, pasojat e eksperimentit t\u00eb par\u00eb mund t\u00eb keqp\u00ebrkthehen si nj\u00eb fakt q\u00eb gjer\u00ebsia e pjes\u00ebs s\u00eb d\u00ebgjuar t\u00eb spektrit mund t\u00eb zvog\u00eblohet me uljen e intensitetit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit. <\/p>\n

Prandaj u vendos t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb eksperiment tjet\u00ebr, por tashm\u00eb me p\u00ebrdorimin e Zhurmave A-t\u00eb fiskuara*<\/i> A-z\u00eb*<\/p>\n

A-pesho*<\/b> aplikon p\u00ebr nivelet e z\u00ebrit p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb parasysh volumin relative q\u00eb perceptohet nga veshi njer\u00ebzor, pasi veshi \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak i ndjesh\u00ebm ndaj frekuencave t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb z\u00ebrit. Pesha A realizohet duke shtuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aritmetike tabel\u00ebn e vlerave t\u00eb listuara n\u00eb grupe oktavash n\u00eb nivelet e matur t\u00eb presionit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit n\u00eb dB.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

N\u00eb grafik 2D<\/b> t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e pap\u00ebrpunuara (rreth) dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e p\u00ebrshtatura sipas modelit NMLE (linjat) p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit n\u00eb eksperiment. <\/p>\n

Analiza e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave tregoi se kur t\u00eb gjitha pjes\u00ebt e z\u00ebrit jan\u00eb af\u00ebrsisht t\u00eb d\u00ebgjueshme (si n\u00eb eksperimentin e par\u00eb, ashtu edhe n\u00eb t\u00eb dytin), perceptimi i lateralitetit dhe inclination n\u00eb grafik, q\u00eb shpjegon ndryshimin e lateralitetit me ITD, zvog\u00eblohet me r\u00ebnien e intensitetit t\u00eb z\u00ebrit.<\/p>\n

Pra, rezultatet e eksperimentit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb konfirmuan rezultatet e eksperimentit t\u00eb par\u00eb. Prandaj, n\u00eb praktik\u00eb u tregua se modeli i propozuar nga Jeffress n\u00eb vitin 1948 nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i sakt\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Pra, duket se lokalizimi i z\u00ebrit p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsohet kur intensiteti i z\u00ebrit ulet, nd\u00ebrsa Jeffress mendonte se z\u00ebrat perceptohen dhe p\u00ebrpunohen nga njeriu nj\u00ebsoj, pavar\u00ebsisht nga intensiteti i tyre. <\/p>\n

P\u00ebr nj\u00eb njohje m\u00eb t\u00eb detajuar me nuancat e hulumtimit, rekomandoj t\u00eb shikoni n\u00eb raportin e shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Epilogu<\/h3>\n

\nSupozimet teorike dhe eksperimentet praktike q\u00eb i mb\u00ebshtesin ato treguan se neuronet e tru i gjitar\u00ebve aktivizohen me shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb drejtimit t\u00eb sinjalit audio. M\u00eb pas, truri krahason k\u00ebto shpejt\u00ebsi midis t\u00eb gjith\u00eb neurove t\u00eb angazhuar n\u00eb proces p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dinamike nj\u00eb hart\u00eb t\u00eb mjedisit audio.<\/p>\n

Modeli i Jeffress nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht i gabuar, pasi me t\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruhet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer lokalizimi i burimeve t\u00eb z\u00ebrit p\u00ebr kerkutat. Po, p\u00ebr kerkutat intensiteti i z\u00ebrit nuk ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi, ata gjithsesi do t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb vendin e burimit t\u00eb tij. Megjithat\u00eb, ky model nuk funksionon p\u00ebr makak\u00ebt rhesus, si\u00e7 treguan eksperimentet e kryera m\u00eb par\u00eb. Prandaj, ky model i Jeffress nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruaj\u00eb lokalizimin e z\u00ebrit p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha qeniet e gjalla. <\/p>\n

Eksperimentet me pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebs njer\u00ebzor\u00eb e konfirmuan s\u00ebrish se lokalizimi i z\u00ebrit ndodh n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr organizma t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm. Shumica e pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve nuk mund\u00ebn t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktonin sakt\u00ebsisht vendin e burimit t\u00eb sinjaleve audio p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb intensitetit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb z\u00ebrit. <\/p>\n

Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt besojn\u00eb se puna e tyre tregon nj\u00eb ngjashm\u00ebri t\u00eb caktuar midis m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs se si ne shohim dhe si d\u00ebgjojm\u00eb. T\u00eb dy proceset lidhen me shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e neuron\u00ebve n\u00eb zona t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb trurit, si dhe me vler\u00ebsimin e k\u00ebsaj diference p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar si pozitat e objekteve q\u00eb shohim n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb ashtu edhe pozitat e burimeve q\u00eb d\u00ebgjojm\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen, studiuesit planifikojn\u00eb t\u00eb kryejn\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb eksperimentesh p\u00ebr t\u00eb shqyrtuar m\u00eb n\u00eb detaje lidhjen midis d\u00ebgjimit dhe shikimit t\u00eb njeriut, q\u00eb do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar m\u00eb mir\u00eb se si vet\u00ebm truri yn\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuon n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dinamike nj\u00eb hart\u00eb t\u00eb bot\u00ebs p\u00ebrreth.<\/p>\n

Fal\u00ebnderoj p\u00ebr v\u00ebmendjen, q\u00ebndroni kurioz\u00eb dhe gjith\u00eb t\u00eb mirat p\u00ebr nj\u00eb jav\u00eb t\u00eb mbar\u00eb, guys! \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

Faleminderit q\u00eb q\u00ebndroni me ne. Ju p\u00eblqejn\u00eb artikujt tan\u00eb? D\u00ebshironi t\u00eb shihni m\u00eb shum\u00eb materiale interesante? Na mb\u00ebshtetni duke b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb porosi ose duke na rekomanduar njohurive tuaj, VPS cloud p\u00ebr zhvillues nga $4.99<\/a><\/noindex>, 30% zbritje p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e Habra p\u00ebr nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb unike t\u00eb server\u00ebve entry-level, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar nga ne p\u00ebr ju:<\/b> E gjith\u00eb e v\u00ebrteta rreth VPS (KVM) E5-2650 v4 (6 Ndot\u00ebs) 10GB DDR4 240GB SSD 1Gbps nga $20, ose si ta ndash n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb duhur serverin?<\/a><\/noindex> (disponohen variante me RAID1 dhe RAID10, deri n\u00eb 24 b\u00ebrthama dhe deri n\u00eb 40GB DDR4).<\/p>\n

Dell R730xd p\u00ebr dy her\u00eb m\u00eb lir\u00eb?<\/b> Vet\u00ebm k\u00ebtu 2 x Intel TetraDeca-Core Xeon 2x E5-2697v3 2.6GHz 14C 64GB DDR4 4x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100 TB nga $199<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb Holand\u00eb! Dell R420 \u2014 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB \u2014 nga $99!<\/b><\/b> Lexoni rreth Si t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtosh nj\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb t\u00eb klas\u00ebs korporative me p\u00ebrdorimin e server\u00ebve Dell R730xd E5-2650 v4 me \u00e7mim prej 9000 euro p\u00ebr pak para?<\/a><\/noindex>
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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