{"id":53079,"date":"2019-11-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-22T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/samostoyatelnaya-diagnostika-zhestkih-diskov-i-vosstanovlenie-dannyh"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:00:56","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:00:56","slug":"samostoyatelnaya-diagnostika-zhestkih-diskov-i-vosstanovlenie-dannyh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/samostoyatelnaya-diagnostika-zhestkih-diskov-i-vosstanovlenie-dannyh","title":{"rendered":"Diagnostikimi i pavarur i disqeve t\u00eb forta dhe rikuperimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Ky artikull p\u00ebrshkruan metodat e diagnostikimit t\u00eb pavarur t\u00eb defekteve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb disqeve t\u00eb forta sipas simptomave t\u00eb shfaqjes s\u00eb tyre, si dhe m\u00ebnyrat p\u00ebrklonimin relativisht t\u00eb sigurt t\u00eb disqeve t\u00eb forta me probleme t\u00eb vogla.<\/p>\n

Sillen n\u00eb v\u00ebmendje raste t\u00eb ndryshme humbjeje t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe nj\u00eb set veprimesh optimale, t\u00eb cilat pa njohuri t\u00eb thella mbi struktur\u00ebn e sistemeve t\u00eb skedareve me ndihm\u00ebn e programeve automatizuese p\u00ebr rikuperim do t'ju ndihmojn\u00eb t\u00eb riktheni informacionin tuaj pa ndihm\u00ebn e tjer\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Por para se t\u00eb filloni ndonj\u00eb veprim t\u00eb pavarur, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb lexoni me kujdes t\u00eb gjitha materialet e artikullit, dhe vet\u00ebm pastaj t\u00eb analizoni gjendjen e disqit tuaj t\u00eb fort\u00eb, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet tuaja t\u00eb mos jen\u00eb t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e grumbulluesit, dhe q\u00eb t\u00eb mos e privoni veten nga shpresat p\u00ebr rikuperimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave q\u00eb ju nevojiten. <\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\n <\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

P\u00cbRB\u00cbRJA<\/h2>\n

\n<\/p>\n

Pjesa e par\u00eb: Diagnostika<\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/noindex>
\n1. Inspektimi vizual<\/b><\/a><\/noindex>
\n2. Aktivizimi testues<\/b><\/a><\/noindex>
\n3. P\u00ebrgatitja p\u00ebr testim<\/b><\/a><\/noindex>
\n4. Testimi<\/b><\/a><\/noindex>
\n5. Kopja sektor p\u00ebr sektor<\/b><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Pjesa e dyt\u00eb: Rikuperimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/noindex>
\n6. Metodat e rikuperimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave<\/b><\/a><\/noindex>
\n7. Rastet tipike dhe veprimet e rekomanduara<\/b><\/a><\/noindex>
\n8. Kontrolli i integritetit t\u00eb skedareve<\/b><\/a><\/noindex>
\n9. Gabime t\u00eb shpeshta nga p\u00ebrdoruesit<\/b><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Duke pranuar t\u00eb ndiqni udh\u00ebzimet e m\u00ebtejshme, ju e kuptoni se askush p\u00ebrve\u00e7 vetes suaj nuk merr p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb d\u00ebshtim t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb grumbulluesit dhe humbjen e pakthyeshme t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Grumbulli i masave \u00ebsht\u00eb i orientuar drejt zvog\u00eblimit t\u00eb mund\u00ebsive p\u00ebr nj\u00eb rezultat t\u00eb pafavorsh\u00ebm, por nuk ofron sigurim 100%.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Diagnostika<\/h2>\n

\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

1. Inspektimi vizual<\/h4>\n

\nInspektoni grumbulluesin p\u00ebr deformime, munges\u00ebn ose elemente t\u00eb djegura n\u00eb pllak\u00ebn e kontrollit, kontrolloni integritetin e lidhjeve. N\u00ebse zbuloni ndonj\u00eb d\u00ebm serioz ose elemente t\u00eb djegura, \u00ebsht\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm e rekomanduar t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrpiqeni t\u00eb furnizoni energji n\u00eb nj\u00eb grumbullues t\u00eb till\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsimin e problemit.<\/p>\n

Duke p\u00ebrdorur ndihm\u00ebsit (zakonisht, k\u00ebto jan\u00eb Torx - T5, T6, T9) hiqni bulonat q\u00eb mbajn\u00eb pllak\u00ebn e kontrollit dhe kontrolloni gjendjen e sip\u00ebrfaqeve t\u00eb kontaktit n\u00eb pllak\u00ebn e kontrollit. <\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFigura 2 tregon se n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqet e kontaktit ka nj\u00eb film oksid<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse ka okside, mund t\u00eb provoni t'i hiqni ato nga pllakat kontaktuese me nj\u00eb goma t\u00eb zakonshme. Puna me gum\u00ebn duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet vet\u00ebm n\u00eb pllaka t\u00eb sheshta, si n\u00eb ilustrim. N\u00eb raste t\u00eb tjera, nj\u00eb veprim i till\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i aplikuesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 3 pllakat kontaktuese t\u00eb pastruara.<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse hasen ndonj\u00eb d\u00ebmtim n\u00eb bord, nuk duhet t\u00eb provoni t\u00eb vendosni bordin e kontrollorit nga nj\u00eb disk t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm, pasi n\u00eb pajisjet moderne n\u00eb ROM-in e bordit mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb parametra t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm adaptiv\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt formohen gjat\u00eb ciklit t\u00eb prodhimit dhe jan\u00eb unik\u00eb p\u00ebr secil\u00ebn pajisje. N\u00eb raste relativisht t\u00eb rralla, parametrat e huaj mund t\u00eb rrezikojn\u00eb d\u00ebmtimin e diskut t\u00eb fort\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse keni stacionin e leht\u00ebsimit, duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebni transferimin e MCU, EEPROM, NV-RAM, NAND (n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb asaj q\u00eb ka n\u00eb bordin e kontrollorit dhe \u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb transferohet) dhe pas nj\u00eb adattimi t\u00eb till\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni kontrollorin e donatorit. Vlen t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendet se p\u00ebr adattimin e shum\u00eb kontrollor\u00ebve mjafton t\u00eb transferoni vet\u00ebm \u00e7ipin EEPROM.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrzgjedhja e bordit, s\u00eb pari shikoni numrin e gravuar PCB. Pastaj vler\u00ebsoni p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e shenjave t\u00eb MCU dhe VCM&SM t\u00eb kontrollorit. N\u00ebse shenjat n\u00eb bordin origjinal dhe bordin e donatorit ndryshojn\u00eb p\u00ebr MCU dhe VCM&SM, at\u00ebher\u00eb ka nj\u00eb probabilitet t\u00eb lart\u00eb q\u00eb b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb bord donatori q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm. Brenda nj\u00eb familje t\u00eb vetme mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb versionet t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb bordeve, dhe n\u00eb disa raste ato mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrputhshme me disa rezervime, por nuk duhet t\u00eb provoni ta kuptoni k\u00ebt\u00eb n\u00eb kushte sht\u00ebpie.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrpjekja p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur nj\u00eb bord kontrollori t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm (me nj\u00eb num\u00ebr tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb PCB) mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb djegien e nd\u00ebrprer\u00ebsit t\u00eb amplifikatorit.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse keni nj\u00eb multimeter, kontrolloni qarqet 5V dhe 12V p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndonj\u00eb shkarkimi t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr. Gjithashtu, kontrolloni rezistenc\u00ebn e bobinave t\u00eb motorit. N\u00ebse keni nj\u00eb pajisje t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e garantuar se funksionon (prodhuese, linj\u00eb modeli, rishikim i pllak\u00ebs s\u00eb kontrollit e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb), mund t\u00eb kontrolloni n\u00ebse numri i kontakteve n\u00eb priz\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrprer\u00ebsit korrespondon me \"tok\u00ebn\", si dhe t\u00eb krahasoni rezistencat. N\u00eb rastet e dallimeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, mund t\u00eb arrini n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se nd\u00ebrprer\u00ebsi-parazgjedh\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb i d\u00ebmtuar, dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb t\u00eb ndaloni \u00e7do p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme p\u00ebr rikuperimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

2. Aktivizimi testues<\/h4>\n

\nSigurohuni q\u00eb sistemi juaj testues \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb mir\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur diagnoza t\u00eb gabuara, dhe n\u00ebse nuk kemi gjetur ndonj\u00eb shkak t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm q\u00eb pengon p\u00ebrpjekjen p\u00ebr t\u00eb nisur, lidhni kabllin e nd\u00ebrfaqes dhe kabllin e energjis\u00eb n\u00eb prizat p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse dhe ndizni B.P.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse e dini me siguri q\u00eb pajisja ka qen\u00eb e goditur ose e r\u00ebn\u00eb gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs, ose para se t\u00eb vij\u00eb tek ju, ka filluar t\u00eb l\u00ebshoj\u00eb z\u00ebra godit\u00ebs, shmangni p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr ta ndezur.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebto raste k\u00ebrkohet hapja e detyrueshme e hard diskut n\u00eb kushte t\u00eb kutis\u00eb laminar (ose dhom\u00eb t\u00eb past\u00ebr) dhe nj\u00eb ekzaminim t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm me p\u00ebrdorimin e mikroskopit.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 4 lidhja e kabllove me hard disk\u00ebt.<\/i><\/p>\n

Pas dor\u00ebzimit t\u00eb energjis\u00eb, pajisja duhet t\u00eb filloj\u00eb t\u00eb rrotulloj\u00eb boshtin. N\u00eb disa raste, kjo nuk mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb me pajisje plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetshme, n\u00ebse p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb arsye \u00ebsht\u00eb vendosur nj\u00eb komanda spin up n\u00eb konfigurimet e pajisjes. <\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb rrotullimit t\u00eb boshtit, ndjehet nj\u00eb zhurm\u00eb e leht\u00eb nga rrjedha e ajrit. N\u00eb disa pajisje, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e d\u00ebgjueshme vet\u00ebm me veshin, prandaj mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni nj\u00eb stetoskop (ose ta mbani pajisjen af\u00ebr veshit tuaj, duke ruajtur t\u00eb gjitha rregullat e siguris\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar ndonj\u00eb shkarkim t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr).
\nN\u00ebse n\u00eb vend t\u00eb zhurm\u00ebs s\u00eb ajrit d\u00ebgjohet nj\u00eb seri zhurmash ciklike, ton dhe tinguj t\u00eb ul\u00ebt q\u00eb ngjajn\u00eb me bim\u00ebt telefonike, at\u00ebher\u00eb me siguri pajisja nuk mund t\u00eb filloj\u00eb t\u00eb rrotulloj\u00eb boshtin e motorit. Shkaqet e k\u00ebsaj mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb: ngecja e BMG jasht\u00eb ramp\u00ebs s\u00eb parkimit (zonave), ngecja e boshtit t\u00eb motorit, ose defekti i mikro\u00e7ipit VCM&SM t\u00eb kontrolluesit.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse keni nj\u00eb shk\u00ebndij\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme, mund t\u00eb kontrolloni versionin me defekt t\u00eb kontrolluesit VCM&SM, n\u00ebse jeni t\u00eb gatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb kryeni adaptime t\u00eb nevojshme t\u00eb bordit t\u00eb donatorit, t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruara n\u00eb pik\u00ebn \"inspektimi vizual\".<\/p>\n

N\u00eb rastin e ng\u00ebr\u00e7it t\u00eb BMG jasht\u00eb ramp\u00ebs s\u00eb parkimit, veprimet vetjake sipas videove n\u00eb youtube zakonisht \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb formimin e g\u00ebrvishtjeve shtes\u00eb n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqet e pllakave ose n\u00eb shk\u00ebputjen e sliders. Edhe n\u00ebse arrini t\u00eb nxirrni BMG n\u00eb ramp\u00ebn e parkimit, defektet e mbulimit polimer, q\u00eb ndodhin n\u00eb vendin e ng\u00ebr\u00e7it t\u00eb sliders, g\u00ebrvishtjet mikro t\u00eb shkatuara nga sliders kur nxirrni BMG, bashk\u00eb me procedurat e skanimit offline dhe pluhurin nga ajri i pa pastruar, me siguri nuk do t'ju lejojn\u00eb t\u00eb lexoni nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00ebn e rasteve para se t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb proceset e degradimit t\u00eb pakthyesh\u00ebm. Mund t\u00eb informoheni p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si ndodh procesi i rikuperimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb raste t\u00eb tilla n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull. \u00abRikuperimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga disku i jasht\u00ebm Seagate FreeAgent Go\u00bb<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

N\u00eb rast t\u00eb bllokimit t\u00eb boshtit t\u00eb motorit, zakonisht k\u00ebrkohet transferimi i paket\u00ebs s\u00eb disq\u00ebve n\u00eb hermoblock-un e disku t\u00eb donatorit. Nj\u00eb aktivitet i till\u00eb n\u00eb kushte sht\u00ebpiake pa p\u00ebrgatitjen e duhur dhe munges\u00ebn e veglave t\u00eb nevojshme n\u00eb 99,9% t\u00eb rasteve do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i d\u00ebnuar t\u00eb d\u00ebshtoj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse nuk ka asnj\u00eb tingull kur projektohet energjia dhe disku nuk fillon t\u00eb rrotulloj\u00eb boshtin, diagnozat e mundshme jan\u00eb: bllokimi i kontrolluesit, bllokimi i nd\u00ebrruesit t\u00eb p\u00ebrforcuesit, bllokimi i BMG.<\/p>\n

Pasi disku ka filluar rrotullimin e boshtit, ai duhet t\u00eb kryej\u00eb kalibrimin, t\u00eb lexoj\u00eb firmware-n dhe, pasi t\u00eb inicializoj\u00eb sistemin e transmetimit, t\u00eb nis\u00eb n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri. N\u00ebse n\u00eb vend t\u00eb kalibrimit d\u00ebgjohen tinguj ciklik\u00eb t\u00eb goditjeve, krisje ose ndonj\u00eb tingull tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb fort\u00eb, ndaloni menj\u00ebher\u00eb disku. Shkaku i k\u00ebtyre dukurive mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb: defekti i BMG ose i nd\u00ebrruesit t\u00eb p\u00ebrforcuesit, defekti i mikro\u00e7ipit t\u00eb kontrolluesit VCM&SM.<\/p>\n

Mikroprogramet e disa disqeve b\u00ebjn\u00eb anketimin e \u00e7el\u00ebsit t\u00eb amplifikatorit p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb filloj\u00eb rrotullimi i motorit, dhe n\u00eb rast se zbulohet nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje e pasakt\u00eb ose nj\u00eb rezistenc\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht e lart\u00eb n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb nga kokat, b\u00ebjn\u00eb nj\u00eb ndalim emergjent t\u00eb procesit t\u00eb inicializimit fillestar. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, jo t\u00eb gjitha mikroprogramet kontrollojn\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm gjendjen e vet\u00eb paisjes dhe lejojn\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb filluar disqet e v\u00ebshtira qart\u00ebsisht problematike. Rekomandohet q\u00eb transmetimet BMG t\u00eb kryhen n\u00eb kushte t\u00eb nj\u00eb kutie laminare me nj\u00eb rrjedh\u00eb ajri t\u00eb past\u00ebr dhe me mjete t\u00eb specializuara. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb dini se si t\u00eb zgjidhni nj\u00eb donator p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjedhur at\u00eb me revizionin e duhur t\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsit t\u00eb amplifikatorit, hart\u00ebn e kokave dhe parametrat adaptiv\u00eb t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm. Nj\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje e thjesht\u00eb e prodhuesit dhe modelit nuk garanton aspak se disku \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb donator i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm. Edhe n\u00ebse arrini ta zgjidhni vet\u00eb donatorin dhe kryeni procedur\u00ebn e transplantit, \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb lexoni nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb problemeve t\u00eb shoq\u00ebrueshme.<\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb veprimesh mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerren n\u00eb rast t\u00eb nj\u00eb karte kontrolli t\u00eb defektuar, \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrshkruar n\u00eb seksionin \"Inspektimi vizual \".<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 5 sip\u00ebrfaqja e pllak\u00ebs shum\u00eb e g\u00ebrvishtur (g\u00ebrvishtje t\u00eb shumta).<\/i><\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb kuptohet se me secil\u00ebn p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndezur disku me BMG t\u00eb defektuar ka rreziqe p\u00ebr shkat\u00ebrrimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqeve t\u00eb pllakave, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb pamund\u00ebsin\u00eb e plot\u00eb t\u00eb rikuperimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse disku nuk l\u00ebshon ndonj\u00eb z\u00eb t\u00eb dyshimt\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha procedurave t\u00eb inicializimit, ai duhet t\u00eb dal\u00eb n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri. Nga ky moment, disku duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb gati p\u00ebr shk\u00ebmbim t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave p\u00ebrmes nd\u00ebrfaqes, dhe n\u00eb rast se lidhet me portin e bordit sistemik t\u00eb PC-s\u00eb, ai duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjet n\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e pasaport\u00ebs nga BIOS. N\u00ebse gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rregull me lidhjen dhe konfigurimet e BIOS, por disku mbetet i paduksh\u00ebm p\u00ebr PC-n\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb se e mundshme q\u00eb ka probleme n\u00eb mikroprogramin e disku, t\u00eb cilat nuk lejojn\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb dal\u00eb n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse pajisja kthen t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb pasakta, p\u00ebr shembull vet\u00ebm emri i modelit dhe kapaciteti zero, ose emri i modelit nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb krejt\u00ebsisht si\u00e7 duhet, mungon numri serial, kjo tregon se procedurat e inicializimit nuk p\u00ebrfunduan me sukses dhe ka probleme me mikroprogramin. N\u00eb k\u00ebto raste, zgjidhja e problemit vet\u00eb pa p\u00ebrdorimin e sistemeve profesionale t\u00eb softuerit dhe harduerit zakonisht nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb mund t\u00eb shqyrtohet p\u00ebr rastin e Seagate 7200.11 (familja Moose) me t\u00eb cilat disa probleme mund t\u00eb zgjidhen duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb adaptues RS232-TTL dhe nj\u00eb terminal t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm, por k\u00ebtu duhet t\u00eb kuptohet se pa njohjen e thell\u00eb t\u00eb problemit t\u00eb mikrokodit ekzistojn\u00eb rreziqe p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsuar ndjesh\u00ebm situat\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Rrept\u00ebsisht nuk rekomandohet t\u00eb aplikoni metodologjin\u00eb p\u00ebr familje t\u00eb tjera, pasi kjo do t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb rikalkulimin e p\u00ebrkthyesit, i cili n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i pasakt\u00eb dhe qasja n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit do t\u00eb jet\u00eb deri n\u00eb pik\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb mosmarr\u00ebveshjes. Rikuperimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast komplikohet ndjesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse n\u00eb pasaport\u00ebn e dh\u00ebn\u00eb nga pajisja t\u00eb gjitha fushat jan\u00eb korrekte p\u00ebrve\u00e7 kapacitetit, at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb kontrolloni, n\u00ebse kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb rezultat i nj\u00eb gabimi BIOS n\u00eb disa pllaka n\u00ebnshkrimi, t\u00eb cilat, duke p\u00ebrdorur komandat p\u00ebr menaxhimin HPA, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb ndajn\u00eb nj\u00eb cop\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb intervalit LBA p\u00ebr ruajtjen e nj\u00eb kopje t\u00eb BIOS, ndajn\u00eb gati 1TB.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 6 kapaciteti i pasaport\u00ebs s\u00eb diskut 1TB pas p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb papasakt\u00eb t\u00eb BIOS nga pllak\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrimi Gigabyte.<\/i><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur k\u00ebt\u00eb problem mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni HDAT2 ose nj\u00eb softuer diagnostik t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm falas, me t\u00eb cilin mund t\u00eb kthehet kapaciteti origjinal i pasaport\u00ebs s\u00eb pajisjes, si dhe t\u00eb \u00e7aktivizoni mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e menaxhimit t\u00eb HPA n\u00eb DCO p\u00ebr t\u00eb evituar rikthimin e problemit.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

3. P\u00ebrgatitja p\u00ebr testim<\/h4>\n

\nGjat\u00eb testimit t\u00eb disqeve jasht\u00eb komplekseve profesionale \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitet sistemi operativ paraprakisht. Nevojitet t\u00eb ndaloni montimin automatik t\u00eb volumeve t\u00eb diskut p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur veprimtarit\u00eb e paplanifikuara t\u00eb sistemit operativ.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb sistemin operativ Windows p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, me t\u00eb drejtat e administratorit, duhet t\u00eb ekzekutoni diskpart<\/b> dhe t\u00eb ekzekutoni komand\u00ebn automount disable<\/b>. N\u00ebse disku potencialisht problematik \u00ebsht\u00eb lidhur m\u00eb par\u00eb me k\u00ebt\u00eb sistem operativ, at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb hiqni parametrat e montimit nga regjistri me komand\u00ebn automount scrub<\/b>. P\u00ebr t'u siguruar q\u00eb k\u00ebto cil\u00ebsime t\u00eb hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb fuqi, rekomandohet nj\u00eb rinisje.<\/p>\n

Gjithashtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitni softuerin diagnostikues. N\u00eb Windows mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni versionin falas PC3000 DiskAnalyzer, i cili, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 funksionit diagnostikues, ka mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb kopjeje sipas sektor\u00ebve. Gjithashtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb e d\u00ebshirueshme t\u00eb keni n\u00eb dispozitivi nj\u00eb USB flash bootues me HDAT2.<\/p>\n

Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni vet\u00ebm k\u00ebt\u00eb softuer p\u00ebr diagnostikim. Mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni \u00e7do analog tjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 disa programeve jo falas p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit shum\u00eb besnik\u00eb, n\u00eb reklam\u00ebn e s\u00eb cilave mund t\u00eb d\u00ebgjohen slogane t\u00eb tilla si \"... program unik p\u00ebr regenerimin e disiplinave t\u00eb d\u00ebmtuara fizikisht t\u00eb hard disqeve. Ai nuk mundohet t\u00eb fsheh sektor\u00eb t\u00eb keq, v\u00ebrtet i rikthen ata!\". Me deklarata shum\u00eb bombastike, n\u00eb fakt, ky softuer ka mund\u00ebsi tejet modeste, q\u00eb nuk e kalojn\u00eb aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e softuer\u00ebve falas; dhe ideologjia e pun\u00ebs me defektet \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb e orientuar drejt vdekjes p\u00ebrfundimtare t\u00eb unazit, sesa p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar n\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse koha e ngarkimit t\u00eb OS-s\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur disa her\u00eb edhe kur volumi \u00ebsht\u00eb automatizuar, rekomandohet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpriteni veprimet e m\u00ebtejshme, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsimin e problemit.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb rritje e konsiderueshme e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb ngarkimit t\u00eb OS-s\u00eb kur lidhet nj\u00eb disk i mundsh\u00ebm problematik \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tregues shum\u00eb karakteristik se n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqet e pllakave t\u00eb unazit ka defekte shum\u00ebfishe. Vonesat n\u00eb ngarkimin e OS-s\u00eb ndodhin si pasoj\u00eb e k\u00ebrkesave p\u00ebr sektor\u00eb t\u00eb defektsh\u00ebm dhe p\u00ebrpjekjeve t\u00eb mikroprogramit p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer procedura skanimi offline q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb n\u00eb nivelin e saj.<\/p>\n

Pas pasas nj\u00eb ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb suksesshme t\u00eb sistemit operativ, hyni n\u00eb menaxherin e pajisjeve dhe sigurohuni q\u00eb disku juaj t\u00eb jet\u00eb i pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb list\u00ebn e pajisjeve. N\u00ebse nuk b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb, kontrolloni n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb instaluar ndihm\u00ebsja p\u00ebr kontroluesin e lidhur dhe n\u00ebse vet\u00eb kontrolluesi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuar n\u00eb list\u00ebn e pajisjeve. N\u00ebse ndihm\u00ebsja dhe konfigurimi i sistemit operativ jan\u00eb n\u00eb rregull, dhe disku nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqur n\u00eb sistemin operativ ose \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqur dhe m\u00eb pas ka humbur, zakonisht kjo tregon p\u00ebr nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb defektesh. M\u00eb t\u00eb zakonshmet jan\u00eb defektet e bordit t\u00eb kontrolluesit, ngrirja e programit t\u00eb softuerit t\u00eb diskut, ose kalimi i diskut n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje emergjente, ku ai ndalon p\u00ebrgjigjen ndaj shumic\u00ebs s\u00eb komandave.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb sqaruar diagnoz\u00ebn, mund t\u00eb provoni t\u00eb ngarkoni DOS dhe me HDAT2 t\u00eb shikoni parameteret SMART. N\u00ebse shfaqen shenja defektike (vlera jo zero p\u00ebr 5 dhe 197 (C5) atributet n\u00eb fushat e vlerave t\u00eb panormizuara), at\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb konkludohet se pa nd\u00ebrhyrje n\u00eb konfigurimin e funksionimit t\u00eb programit t\u00eb softuerit, nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb b\u00ebhet asgj\u00eb n\u00eb kushte sht\u00ebpiake. N\u00ebse nuk ka shenja defektike, shkaku i ngadal\u00ebsimeve mund t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb n\u00eb funksionimin e pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb bordit t\u00eb kontrolluesit. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, mund t\u00eb provoni t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni bordin e kontrolluesit nga nj\u00eb disk dhurues.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

4. Testimi<\/h4>\n

\nPas kalimit t\u00eb fazave t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme dhe duke mos v\u00ebn\u00eb re arsyet e qarta p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar procesin, mund t\u00eb kaloni n\u00eb vler\u00ebsimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb gjendjes s\u00eb diskut. N\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e disk\u00ebve t\u00eb prodhuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shekull, \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar teknologjia S.M.A.R.T., e cila monitoron gjendjen e diskut dhe regjistron ngjarje t\u00eb ndryshme gjat\u00eb funksionimit t\u00eb tij. M\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr realizimin e k\u00ebsaj teknologjie n\u00eb HDD dhe cilat parametra \u00ebsht\u00eb e d\u00ebshirueshme t\u00eb monitorohen gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb disqeve mund t\u00eb lexoni n\u00eb artikullin ton\u00eb \u00ab\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb SMART dhe si ta lexojm\u00eb at\u00eb\u00bb<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Duke p\u00ebrdorur softuerin diagnostik, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoni parametrat S.M.A.R.T. <\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 7 atributet SMART t\u00eb nj\u00eb disku t\u00eb sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb<\/i><\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb vler\u00ebsoni treguesit p\u00ebr atributet 5 dhe 197 (C5). N\u00ebse vlerat n\u00eb kolumn\u00ebn RAW jan\u00eb zero ose treguesit e problemeve jan\u00eb t\u00eb vetmuar, at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb kaloni n\u00eb testimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm. <\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 8 atributet SMART t\u00eb nj\u00eb disku me defekt serioz<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse numri i kandidat\u00ebve p\u00ebr defekte \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr me tre ose kat\u00ebr shifra, n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve, p\u00ebrpjekjet e m\u00ebtejshme p\u00ebr testimin e sip\u00ebrfaqes ose skanimi me utilitar\u00ebt p\u00ebr rikuperimin automatik t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave do ta keq\u00ebsojn\u00eb problemin deri n\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht pamund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb k\u00ebto raste, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyhet n\u00eb cil\u00ebsimet e firmware-it t\u00eb disqeve dhe t\u00eb \u00e7aktivizohen procedurat e skanimit offline, regjistrimi i S.M.A.R.T., p\u00ebr t\u00eb liruar diskun nga proceset n\u00eb sfond q\u00eb mund t\u00eb reduktojn\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsin\u00eb e pajisjes problematike. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, nuk mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet k\u00ebshtu me rrug\u00eb t\u00eb thjeshta pa nj\u00eb njohuri t\u00eb thell\u00eb mbi arkitektur\u00ebn e firmware-it t\u00eb disqeve dhe pa komplekse profesionale. Detyra tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb vler\u00ebsohet gjendja e secil\u00ebs nga kokat ve\u00e7mas dhe t\u00eb lokalizohen zonat kryesore t\u00eb defekteve. Leximi linear me shum\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritje n\u00eb zonat me defekte n\u00eb k\u00ebto raste \u00ebsht\u00eb i d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm, pasi \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i rreziksh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Edhe n\u00ebse disku n\u00eb aparenc\u00eb funksionon si\u00e7 duhet dhe p\u00ebr treguesit S.M.A.R.T. nuk ka t\u00eb dh\u00ebna mbi defekte, kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb garanci se ata n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb nuk ekzistojn\u00eb. Prandaj, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb kryhet faza p\u00ebrfundimtare e testimit dhe t\u00eb b\u00ebhet verifikimi i sip\u00ebrfaqes.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb kontrollohet vazhdimisht procesi i skanimit. N\u00eb rast se ndodhin tinguj t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm ose zbulohet zona t\u00eb m\u00ebdha me gabime n\u00eb lexim, procesi duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpritet menj\u00ebher\u00eb dhe disku duhet t\u00eb \u00e7aktivizohet p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur pasojat e pakthyeshme.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 9 grafiku i skanimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb disku t\u00eb sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse si rezultat i skanimit t\u00eb diskut \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb grafik me r\u00ebnie monotone t\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe nuk jan\u00eb regjistruar gabime leximore, diskun mund ta konsiderojm\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb dhe t\u00eb kalojm\u00eb n\u00eb seksionin tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb disqet me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtje t\u00eb madhe mediatike dhe p\u00ebrkthim q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ndryshe nga klasi (zakonisht n\u00eb disqet me regjistrim pllak\u00ebzash (SMR)), grafiku mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb tjet\u00ebr. Mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb lloje t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb r\u00ebnieve.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 10 grafiku i skanimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb disku me kok\u00eb problematike<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse gjat\u00eb verifikimit t\u00eb diskut zbulohen zona ciklike \"t\u00eb ngadalta\", kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shenj\u00eb tipike e nj\u00eb koke jo krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb. Nuk duhet pritur q\u00eb t\u00eb zbulohet ndonj\u00eb defekt dhe menj\u00ebher\u00eb duhet ndaluar testimi.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, nuk ka di\u00e7ka t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u pritur nga p\u00ebrpjekjet e vet\u00eb-shk\u00ebputjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Me nj\u00eb probabilitet t\u00eb lart\u00eb, disku nuk do t'ia dal\u00eb pas nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjeje p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb kopje sektoriale me mjetet e p\u00ebrdoruesit.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb rastet kur n\u00eb atribute t\u00eb S.M.A.R.T. 5 dhe 197 (C5) jan\u00eb zbuluar shenja t\u00eb defekteve, ose gjat\u00eb verifikimit jan\u00eb gjetur defekte pik\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb kopje t\u00eb diskut.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

5. Kopja sektor p\u00ebr sektor<\/h4>\n

\nN\u00ebse nga rezultatet e testimit disku \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rregull dhe nuk ka probleme, at\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb mos krijoni nj\u00eb kopje sektorale dhe t\u00eb punoni me diskun origjinal. Por p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur rast\u00ebsi t\u00eb ndryshme, rekomandohet ngadal\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mos e injoroni k\u00ebt\u00eb hap dhe m\u00eb von\u00eb t\u00eb punoni vet\u00ebm me kopjen.<\/p>\n

Me nj\u00eb disk t\u00eb sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb ose nj\u00eb disk me nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb vog\u00ebl defektesh, nuk ka ndonj\u00eb ndryshim t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb se cili mjet do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb t\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb kopje t\u00eb plot\u00eb. Gjithashtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrpiqeni t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni opsionet e disa programeve p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb imazh t\u00eb kompresuar, pasi m\u00eb von\u00eb do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb punoni vet\u00ebm brenda mund\u00ebsive t\u00eb softuerit q\u00eb krijoi nj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb OS Windows mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren programet e m\u00ebposhtme: WinHex, DMDE, PC3000 DiskAnalyzer, R-studio dhe t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb OS Linux mjafton mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e komand\u00ebs standarde dd.<\/p>\n

Jo t\u00eb gjitha softuer\u00ebt jan\u00eb falas, por n\u00eb shum\u00eb raste, mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e versioneve prova \/ demo do t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb kopje t\u00eb disku.<\/p>\n

Si nj\u00eb shembull, ne p\u00ebrdorim WinHex p\u00ebr klonimin e diskut. <\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 11 opsionet n\u00eb menun\u00eb WinHex p\u00ebr klonimin e diskut.<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u00eb sked\u00ebn \"Mjetet\" zgjedhim opsionin \"Mjetet e Diskut\" n\u00eb dritaren q\u00eb shfaqet, zgjedhim \"Klononi Diskun\" ose thjesht shtypim Ctrl+D.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 12 cil\u00ebsimet e parametrave t\u00eb klonimit.<\/i><\/p>\n

Si burim zgjedhim diskun q\u00eb duam t\u00eb klonojm\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Si pranues mund t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb nj\u00eb disk me volum t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm ose m\u00eb t\u00eb madh, si dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur klonimi n\u00eb nj\u00eb skedar-imazh.<\/p>\n

Sigurohuni q\u00eb n\u00eb diskun pranues t\u00eb ket\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme t\u00eb lir\u00eb.
\nN\u00eb cil\u00ebsimet e kopjimit \u00ebsht\u00eb e preferueshme t\u00eb aktivizoni opsionin \"shmangni defektet, sektor\u00ebt\".<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse disku juaj ka nj\u00eb sektor me nj\u00eb madh\u00ebsi fizike prej 4096 byte, por n\u00eb OS shfaqet me nj\u00eb madh\u00ebsi virtuale prej 512 byte, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb vendosni vler\u00ebn 8, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb tep\u00ebrta p\u00ebr t\u00eb lexuar sektorin problematik.<\/p>\n

\u00abShablloni p\u00ebr z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimin e defekteve t\u00eb burimit\u00bb \u2014 specifikoni nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb ose nj\u00eb shprehje t\u00eb leht\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u gjetur, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn do t\u00eb populloni sektorin n\u00eb kopjen e vendeve t\u00eb sektor\u00ebve t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm nga burimi. M\u00eb pas do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb gjeni skedar\u00ebt e d\u00ebmtuar.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb kopjeje, \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsore t\u00eb kontrolloni procesin pa nd\u00ebrprerje. N\u00ebse shfaqen tinguj t\u00eb panjohur, n\u00ebse pajisja ngec ose n\u00ebse zbulohet nj\u00eb num\u00ebr m\u00eb i madh se ai q\u00eb u regjistrua gjat\u00eb testimit fillestar, ndaloni menj\u00ebher\u00eb procesin dhe shk\u00ebputni pajisjen p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur pasoja t\u00eb pakthyeshme.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb mjetet profesioniste p\u00ebr rikuperimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb DataExtractor, ka mund\u00ebsi shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr personalizimin e skenar\u00ebve t\u00eb kopjimin t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash, si dhe kontrollin e gjendjes s\u00eb pajisjes, q\u00eb ndihmon ndjesh\u00ebm n\u00eb rritjen e shanseve p\u00ebr ekstraktimin e suksessh\u00ebm n\u00eb prani t\u00eb nj\u00eb specialisti t\u00eb kualifikuar.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 13 opsionet e reagimit t\u00eb kompleksit profesional ndaj problemeve t\u00eb leximit<\/i><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Rikuperimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave<\/h2>\n

\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

6. Metodat e rikuperimit<\/h4>\n

\nSot ekziston nj\u00eb mori programesh p\u00ebr rikuperimin automatizuar t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, q\u00eb nuk k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb nga p\u00ebrdoruesi njohuri t\u00eb specializuara dhe e b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb mundur marrjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me nj\u00eb klik t\u00eb mouse-it. Por ky qasje n\u00eb shum\u00eb raste nuk do t\u00eb jap\u00eb rezultatin maksimal t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm ose ai do t\u00eb humbas\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00ebn e varianteve t\u00eb pad\u00ebshiruara.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr nj\u00eb pun\u00eb efektive t\u00eb programit t\u00eb rikuperimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb kufizoni sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e k\u00ebrkimit. Prandaj, \u00ebsht\u00eb e d\u00ebshirueshme t\u00eb specifikoni zon\u00ebn e skanimit dhe llojin e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve q\u00eb po k\u00ebrkoni. Ky sakt\u00ebsim mund t\u00eb eliminoj\u00eb shum\u00eb variante t\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm dhe gjithashtu do t\u00eb reduktoj\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e interpretimit t\u00eb gabuar t\u00eb metadata-ve t\u00eb zbuluara t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 14 Shembulli i konfigurimit t\u00eb R-studio p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimin e metadata-ve t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb d\u00ebshiruar<\/i><\/p>\n

Metadata e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve jan\u00eb strukturat q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruajn\u00eb vendndodhjen e skedar\u00ebve, emrat e tyre, atributet, t\u00eb drejtat e aksesit, logjet etj. <\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 15 Shembulli i metadata-ve. Nj\u00eb fragment i regjistrit MFT (Master File Table n\u00eb NTFS)<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha rastet, programet e rikuperimit automatik nuk llogarisin sakt\u00eb pik\u00ebn fillestare t\u00eb referenc\u00ebs n\u00eb lidhje me metadat\u00ebn e gjetur dhe gjithashtu nuk p\u00ebrjashtojn\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb sakt\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat nga sisteme t\u00eb ndryshme skedari, duke rezultuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb llogaritje t\u00eb gabuar t\u00eb pozicionit p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha skedar\u00ebt. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, p\u00ebrkthimet e ndryshme t\u00eb hedhura rritin volumin e supozuar t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, shpesh shum\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se kapaciteti i vet\u00eb pajisjes.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb komplekset profesionale ka mjete p\u00ebr krijimin e volumesh virtuale t\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb ndryshme skedari me parameter t\u00eb caktuar manualisht, si dhe mjete p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimin e metadatave me mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb filtruar objeketet e panevojshme manualisht.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb rastet kur metadata e nevojshme e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve nuk ekziston m\u00eb ose \u00ebsht\u00eb e pasakt\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb aplikohet nj\u00eb metod\u00eb k\u00ebrkimi me shprehje t\u00eb rregullta karakteristike p\u00ebr lloje t\u00eb caktuara skedari.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 16 0xFF 0xD8 0xFF shprehja e rregullt karakteristike p\u00ebr skedar\u00ebt JPG<\/i><\/p>\n

Programet e rikuperimit automatik q\u00eb kryejn\u00eb k\u00ebrkimin n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve, kan\u00eb k\u00ebto disavantazhe: munges\u00ebn e struktur\u00ebs s\u00eb katalog\u00ebve dhe emrave origjinal\u00eb t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve, nuk kryejn\u00eb analiz\u00ebn e struktur\u00ebs s\u00eb skedar\u00ebve dhe nuk kontrollojn\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm integritetin e skedarit t\u00eb gjetur, duke rezultuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb panevojshme q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren. P\u00ebr shum\u00eb lloje skedari, nuk llogaritet sakt\u00eb madh\u00ebsia.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 17 Cil\u00ebsimet R-Studio p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimin e shprehjeve t\u00eb rregullta t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve q\u00eb ju nevojiten<\/i><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

7. Rastet tipike dhe veprimet e rekomanduara<\/h4>\n

\nD\u00ebmtimi i sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve<\/b><\/p>\n

Si rezultat i d\u00ebshtimeve t\u00eb komponent\u00ebve t\u00eb PC-s\u00eb, funksionimit t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb OS-s\u00eb, ndaljes s\u00eb papritur t\u00eb energjis\u00eb gjat\u00eb shkrimit n\u00eb disk, defekteve t\u00eb diskut t\u00eb ngurt\u00eb, mund t\u00eb d\u00ebmtohen metadatet e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve. N\u00eb shum\u00eb lloje d\u00ebmtimesh, OS-ja nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb montoj\u00eb volumet me sistemin e d\u00ebmtuar t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 18 metadatet e d\u00ebmtuara t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve (sistem skedari i paidentifikuar RAW)<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebto raste, metoda e k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb metadatave t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve brenda ndarjes ekzistuese \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft efikase. N\u00eb rastet e d\u00ebmtimeve t\u00eb vogla, mund t\u00eb arrihet nj\u00eb rezultat af\u00ebr 100%. Kjo rekomandim \u00ebsht\u00eb e vlefshme p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e sistemeve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Natyrisht, ka raste kur p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb defekteve prishen nj\u00eb sasi e madhe e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb metadatas s\u00eb sistemit aktual t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve. At\u00ebher\u00eb, n\u00ebse varianti i par\u00eb nuk ka funksionuar, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret metodologia e analiz\u00ebs s\u00eb shprehjeve t\u00eb rregullta p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur skedar\u00ebt q\u00eb ju nevojiten.<\/p>\n

Puna e specialistit karakterizohet nga ajo q\u00eb ai vler\u00ebson natyr\u00ebn e d\u00ebmtimit t\u00eb metadatas dhe n\u00ebse ato nuk jan\u00eb shkat\u00ebrruar, por ndodhen n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb deformuar, at\u00ebher\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb mundshme korrigjime manuale n\u00eb redaktorin hexadecimal.<\/p>\n

Fshirja e nj\u00eb skedari ose grupi skedar\u00ebsh.<\/b><\/p>\n

Fshirja e gabuar e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rast mjaft i zakonsh\u00ebm. Pasojat e veprimit t\u00eb k\u00ebtij lloji varen shum\u00eb nga tipi i sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve, si edhe n\u00eb disqet relativisht t\u00eb reja nga ideologjia e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb mikroprogramit t\u00eb vet\u00eb pajisjes.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse skedar\u00ebt jan\u00eb fshir\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb ndarje me sistemin e skedar\u00ebve NTFS, at\u00ebher\u00eb metodologjia m\u00eb optimale p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimin do t\u00eb jet\u00eb analiza e shpejt\u00eb n\u00eb utility t\u00eb ndryshme, ku skanohen shpejt strukturat ky\u00e7e (MFT, Index, Logfile) pa e skanuar plot\u00ebsisht ndarjen. N\u00ebse regjistrat e skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm dhe vendi q\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebta skedar\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb riparuar nga t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb tjera, at\u00ebher\u00eb mjafton t\u00eb merrni skedar\u00ebt q\u00eb ju interesojn\u00eb relativisht shpejt.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 19 pas skanimit t\u00eb $MFT jan\u00eb theksuar n\u00eb ngjyr\u00eb violet regjistrat q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb klasifikuar si t\u00eb fshir\u00eb.<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse gjat\u00eb skanimit t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e nevojshme nuk zbulohen ose jan\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebmtuara, at\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb kryhet nj\u00eb skanim i plot\u00eb i ndarjes, por me shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi rezultati seriozisht nuk do t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb shprehjeve t\u00eb rregullta nuk do t\u00eb mbetet asgj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb arsenalin e specialistit \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion nj\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e hart\u00ebs s\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs s\u00eb pap\u00ebrdorur dhe analiz\u00ebn e m\u00ebtejshme p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht n\u00eb k\u00ebto zona, e cila heq nga rezultati i rikthimit t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat ekzistuese. Kjo e kursen ndjesh\u00ebm koh\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit gjat\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb mori t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash pa em\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse skedar\u00ebt fshihen n\u00eb nj\u00eb sektor me sistemin e skedar\u00ebve FAT16, FAT32, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret analiza e metadata dhe t\u00eb merret nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me emrat origjinal\u00eb. N\u00eb rastin e SFN do t\u00eb mungoj\u00eb shenja e par\u00eb n\u00eb emrin e skedarit, n\u00ebse skedari kishte nj\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, emri i tij i plot\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb regjistrin LFN. N\u00eb rastin e fshirjes s\u00eb skedar\u00ebve fragmentar\u00eb, rikuperimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me mjete automatike rikuperimi nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i suksessh\u00ebm, sepse gjat\u00eb fshirjes n\u00eb tabel\u00ebn FAT q\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna p\u00ebr zinxhirin e klaster\u00ebve, q\u00eb i p\u00ebrkasin skedarit, fshihet. Gjithashtu, n\u00eb FAT32 n\u00eb disa raste, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 fshirjes s\u00eb zinxhirit t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb skedarit n\u00eb t\u00eb dy kopjet e tabel\u00ebs, n\u00eb katalog fshihet shenja e par\u00eb e SFN dhe dy byte t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb numrin e klasterit t\u00eb par\u00eb, t\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb nga skedari. Shumica e mjeteve automatike t\u00eb rikuperimit, q\u00eb analizojn\u00eb metadat\u00ebn, nuk do t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb pozitat e sakta t\u00eb skedarit.<\/p>\n

Rikuperimi i skedar\u00ebve fragmentar\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb zakonisht nj\u00eb pun\u00eb mjaft e komplikuar, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb pak e automatizuar. Metodat e automatizimit mund t\u00eb zhvillohen n\u00ebn nj\u00eb lloj t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb strukturash. M\u00eb s\u00eb shpeshti, detyra p\u00ebrfshin nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb manuale me efikasitet t\u00eb ul\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar fragmentet e nevojshme. Nj\u00eb shembull i nj\u00eb pune t\u00eb till\u00eb mund t\u00eb vler\u00ebsohet n\u00eb artikullin \u00abRikuperimi i baz\u00ebs 1C Enterprise (DBF) pas formatimit\u00bb<\/a><\/noindex> <\/p>\n

N\u00ebse metodat e analiz\u00ebs s\u00eb metadata nuk \u00e7uan n\u00eb gjetjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb nevojshme ose skedar\u00ebt e nevojsh\u00ebm nuk mund t\u00eb hapen, at\u00ebher\u00eb mbetet metoda e k\u00ebrkimit me shprehje t\u00eb rregullta. Mund t\u00eb arrihet t\u00eb zbulohet nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e skedar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse skedar\u00ebt fshihen n\u00eb nj\u00eb sektor me sistemin e skedar\u00ebve HFS+, Ext 2, Ext3, Ext4, at\u00ebher\u00eb, fatkeq\u00ebsisht, analiza e metadatave \u00ebsht\u00eb e padobishme. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebrkimit me shprehje t\u00eb rregullta, nuk mbetet asgj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

Fshirja e sektorit me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna<\/b><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse n\u00eb menaxherin e disk\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb fshir\u00eb nj\u00eb ose disa sektore gabimisht, at\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesin q\u00eb d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb rikuperoj\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat, rekomandohet t\u00eb nis\u00eb mjete automatike rikuperimi me skanimin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb pajisjes. Gjithashtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb e d\u00ebshirueshme t\u00eb merret parasysh pozita e sektor\u00ebve ekzistues p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtuar opsionet qartazi t\u00eb gabuara n\u00eb ato q\u00eb jan\u00eb gjetur. <\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 20 sektori i fshir\u00eb<\/i><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb specialist kryen k\u00ebt\u00eb pun\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb, duke k\u00ebrkuar sektor\u00ebt e ngarkes\u00ebs dhe superbloket n\u00eb vendet e pritura. Me t\u00eb gjeturat, llogariten pozitat e sakta t\u00eb fillimeve t\u00eb seksioneve dhe gjat\u00ebsi e tyre.<\/p>\n

Gjithashtu, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqeni t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni DMDE ose mjete t\u00eb ngjashme, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb shenjat e fillimit t\u00eb seksionit relativisht shpejt dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb paraqesin sistemin e skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb seksionit t\u00eb gjetur.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 21 rezultati i k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb seksioneve me ndihm\u00ebn e DMDE<\/i><\/p>\n

Seksioni i formatizuar me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna.<\/b><\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebto raste, skenari i rekomanduar i veprimit varet shum\u00eb nga lloji i sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve q\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrpara formatizimit t\u00eb seksionit dhe nga cili sistem skedar\u00ebsh filloi t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb pas formatizimit.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00ebse seksioni FAT32 me klaster 8kB, u formatizua n\u00eb FAT32 me klaster 64kB, at\u00ebher\u00eb madh\u00ebsia e tabelave t\u00eb reja FAT u b\u00eb 8 her\u00eb m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl dhe, p\u00ebr pasoj\u00eb, t\u00eb dy kopjet e tabelave t\u00eb reja i prishin vet\u00ebm kopjen e par\u00eb t\u00eb tabelave t\u00eb vjetra FAT. N\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, k\u00ebrkimi i metadatan\u00ebve mund t\u00eb jap\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat af\u00ebr 100%. N\u00ebse seksioni u formatizua n\u00eb FAT32 me nj\u00eb madh\u00ebsi klasteri m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl ose t\u00eb barabart\u00eb me at\u00eb q\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrpara, tabelat e reja t\u00eb pastra do t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsojn\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht tabelat e vjetra dhe do t\u00eb prekin pjes\u00ebrisht zon\u00ebn me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna p\u00ebrdoruese. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, k\u00ebrkimi i metadatan\u00ebve do t\u00eb jap\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb keq.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse para formatizimit n\u00eb seksion ishte p\u00ebrdorur sistemi i skedar\u00ebve FAT32, dhe seksioni u formatizua n\u00eb NTFS, at\u00ebher\u00eb strukturat e reja ($MFT, $Bitmap, $Logfile), zakonisht pozicionohen jo n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb seksionit dhe ka mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb metod\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb metadatan\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me nj\u00eb struktur\u00eb normale katalogu dhe d\u00ebmtime minimale t\u00eb vet\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/p>\n

Igjerja e shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb rikuperimit do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e lart\u00eb kur seksioni me sistemin e skedar\u00ebve NTFS u formatizua n\u00eb FAT32. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, tabelat FAT do t\u00eb prishin t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb seksionit dhe zakonisht nuk do t\u00eb prekin strukturat ky\u00e7e NTFS. Nj\u00eb rezultat i palakmuesh\u00ebm do t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb rastin e nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, madh\u00ebsia e t\u00eb cilave \u00ebsht\u00eb krahasuese me madh\u00ebsit\u00eb e dy kopjeve t\u00eb tabelave FAT.<\/p>\n

Por nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrdoruesi nuk d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb merret me nuancat e vendosjes s\u00eb metadatat e sistemeve t\u00eb ndryshme skedar\u00ebsh, nj\u00eb hap logjik do t\u00eb ishte t\u00eb aktivizohej mjeti i rikuperimit automatik t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb metadatat. Dhe n\u00eb rast se volumeja e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamjaftueshme, t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret metoda e k\u00ebrkimit me shprehje t\u00eb rregullta.<\/p>\n

Pjesa e formatizuar me t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00ebrisht e rikopjuar me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb tjera.<\/b><\/p>\n

Si\u00e7 ndodh shpesh, p\u00ebrdoruesi mund ta formatizoj\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb dhe t\u00eb filloj\u00eb ta mbush\u00eb at\u00eb me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb reja dhe pastaj t\u00eb kuptoj\u00eb se kishte informacion t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e vjet\u00ebr. N\u00eb k\u00ebto raste, nuk mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb rekomandim t\u00eb qart\u00eb. Gjith\u00e7ka varet shum\u00eb nga sa shum\u00eb (sipas sasis\u00eb dhe volumit) jan\u00eb shkruar t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb reja, si dhe se ku jan\u00eb vendosur k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna. Var\u00ebsisht nga kushtet, rezultati mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nga 0 deri n\u00eb af\u00ebrsisht 100%. N\u00eb distanc\u00eb, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e paparashikueshme.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb shum\u00eb raste me mbivendosje t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb zon\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, ka kuptim t\u00eb fillohet me metod\u00ebn e k\u00ebrkimit me shprehje t\u00eb rregullta p\u00ebr llojet e nevojshme t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar n\u00ebse ka ende shenja t\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb nevojshme, dhe n\u00eb rast se ato gjenden, t\u00eb kryhet k\u00ebrkimi i metadatat e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb kushte laboratorike t\u00eb rikuperimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, specialisti do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb nj\u00eb hart\u00eb t\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs s\u00eb pap\u00ebrdorur dhe do t\u00eb kryej\u00eb k\u00ebrkimin me shprehje t\u00eb rregullta vet\u00ebm n\u00eb k\u00ebto zona, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtuar pranin\u00eb e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave ekzistuese n\u00eb rezultatet e k\u00ebrkimit. Po ashtu, duke p\u00ebrdorur mjete t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb integritetit, do t\u00eb zvog\u00ebloj\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm numrin e keqinterpretimeve. N\u00eb disa detyra, si p\u00ebr shembull rikuperimi i skedar\u00ebve jpg (p.sh. t\u00eb nj\u00eb albumi foto personal), do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb klasifikoj\u00eb sipas informacionit q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban n\u00eb etiketat Exif t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve jpeg, duke ndihmuar t\u00eb merret nj\u00eb rezultat i renditur n\u00eb rend kronologjik dhe t\u00eb klasifikuar sipas modeleve t\u00eb kamerave.<\/p>\n

\"Diagnostikimi
\nFig. 22 rezultati i klasifikimit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve JPG, t\u00eb gjetur p\u00ebrmes k\u00ebrkimit me shprehje t\u00eb rregullta.<\/i><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfundimi i fatkeq i procedurave t\u00eb ndryshimit t\u00eb madh\u00ebsis\u00eb, l\u00ebvizjes ose bashkimit t\u00eb pjes\u00ebve.<\/b><\/p>\n

N\u00eb rastet e p\u00ebrfundimeve emergjente t\u00eb procedurave t\u00eb menaxher\u00ebve t\u00eb diskut p\u00ebr ndryshimin e madh\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ndarjes, zhvendosjen ose bashkimin e disa ndarjeve, duhet t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se cilat hapa jan\u00eb kryer dhe n\u00eb cil\u00ebn faz\u00eb u ndal operacioni, p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur rezultatin maksimal t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Duke pasur parasysh komplikimin dhe numrin e mund\u00ebsive t\u00eb mundshme, le t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb vet\u00ebm variantin universale p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesin, i cili ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr rezultat me sa m\u00eb pak veprime. Objekti p\u00ebr analiz\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb e gjith\u00eb ruajt\u00ebsi, p\u00ebr t\u00eb garantuar mbulimin e t\u00eb gjitha vendeve t\u00eb vendosjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. P\u00ebrdorni metod\u00ebn e k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb metadatat dhe kopjoni t\u00eb gjitha variantet e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave sipas sistemeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb gjetura. \u00cbsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e mundur q\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do variant t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb sakt\u00eb grupe t\u00eb ndryshme skedar\u00ebsh. K\u00ebrkimi i shprehjeve rregullore p\u00ebr llojet e caktuara t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, pasi n\u00eb k\u00ebto raste humbja e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave mund t\u00eb sjell\u00eb humbje t\u00eb pjesshme t\u00eb informacionit mbi emrat dhe vendosjen e skedar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

8. Kontrolli i integritetit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb rikuperuara<\/h4>\n

\n\u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb kuptohet se shfaqja e emra t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve n\u00eb programin e rikuperimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave ose numri i shprehjeve rregullore t\u00eb gjetura nuk garanton se \u00e7do gj\u00eb e gjetur do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorshme. Prandaj, nj\u00eb hap po aq i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm pas rikuperimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga programi i rikuperimit automatizuar \u00ebsht\u00eb kontrolli i integritetit t\u00eb vet\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/p>\n

Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, nuk ekziston nj\u00eb mjet universal falas p\u00ebr kontrollin e integritetit t\u00eb nj\u00eb numri t\u00eb madh skedar\u00ebsh t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm. Por ndaras, mund t\u00eb gjeni programe falas q\u00eb mund t\u00eb kontrollojn\u00eb lloje t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta skedar\u00ebsh. P\u00ebr shembull, shum\u00eb arkivues do t\u00eb lejojn\u00eb t\u00eb kontrolloni integritetin e arkivave, pajisja MP3Diag mund t\u00eb kontrolloj\u00eb integritetin e skedar\u00ebve mp3, ImageMagick mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr testimin e skedar\u00ebve jpg.<\/p>\n

Mang\u00ebsia kryesore e shum\u00eb mjeteve falas p\u00ebr kontrollin e integritetit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb se ato nuk garantojn\u00eb nj\u00eb kontroll t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve. Dhe mund t\u00eb ndodhin gabime masive.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shum\u00eb lloje skedar\u00ebsh, p\u00ebrdoruesi nuk ka alternativa t\u00eb tjera, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se t\u00eb vler\u00ebsoj\u00eb vizualisht integritetin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave duke hapur nj\u00eb pas nj\u00eb skedar\u00ebt n\u00eb aplikacionet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb komplekset profesionale ka nj\u00eb mori mjetesh q\u00eb lejojn\u00eb kontrollin e pjes\u00ebs s\u00eb integritetit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb rezultatin e rikuperimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb past\u00ebr nga nj\u00eb sasi e madhe skedar\u00ebsh pa vler\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 filtrimit t\u00eb mbetjeve, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb kapni skedar\u00ebt e d\u00ebmtuar. N\u00ebse keni krijuar nj\u00eb kopje sekondare me mbushje t\u00eb modelit t\u00eb sektor\u00ebve t\u00eb pap\u00ebrgatitur, at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja e gjetjes s\u00eb skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb d\u00ebmtuar zgjidhet leht\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrmes k\u00ebrkimit n\u00eb skedar\u00ebt e vargjeve tekstuale \u00abBAD!BAD!BAD!BAD!\u00bb (n\u00eb shembullin ton\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur mbush\u00ebsi \u00abBAD!\u00bb). Pas gjetjes, duhet t\u00eb kontrolloni nivelin e d\u00ebmtimit, pasi disa formate skedar\u00ebsh mund t\u00eb mos jen\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm t\u00eb d\u00ebmtuara nga humbja e nj\u00eb cope t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, nd\u00ebrsa disa mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatshme.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

9. Gabime t\u00eb zakonshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve.<\/h4>\n

\nLloje t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebrpjekjesh p\u00ebr t\u00eb \"sh\u00ebruar\" defektet duke p\u00ebrdorur utilitete diagnostikimi t\u00eb njohura n\u00eb shpres\u00eb se do t\u00eb rikthejn\u00eb qasjen n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna jan\u00eb nj\u00eb nga gabimet kryesore t\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve. P\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb fshehur defektet n\u00eb nj\u00eb memorie me polimer t\u00eb d\u00ebmtuar n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqen e pllakave zakonisht p\u00ebrfundojn\u00eb me rrotullimin e pllakave, dhe jo me qasjen n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, pa njohur natyr\u00ebn e defekteve n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe, \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsore q\u00eb t\u00eb mos kryhen operacione t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit mbi disk derisa t\u00eb merren t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat. Pas rikuperimit t\u00eb suksessh\u00ebm t\u00eb informacionit, mund t\u00eb provoni t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbeni memorin, dhe n\u00ebse b\u00ebni mir\u00eb, ndoshta memoria do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr detyra q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n

Shpesh, defektet ndodhin n\u00eb metadatat e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve. N\u00eb k\u00ebto raste, sistemi operativ ngurron gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjes p\u00ebr t\u00eb montuar nj\u00eb volum t\u00eb d\u00ebmtuar. Me nj\u00eb memorie problematike t\u00eb lidhur, koha e ngarkimit t\u00eb sistemit operativ mund t\u00eb zgjatet p\u00ebr minuta t\u00eb t\u00ebra. Nj\u00eb nga idet\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e k\u00ebtij problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb formatizoni seksionin problematik. Metadatat e reja mund t\u00eb shkruhen sakt\u00eb, dhe problemi i ngarkimit t\u00eb gjat\u00eb t\u00eb sistemit operativ do t\u00eb zgjidhet, por detyra e rikuperimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave do t\u00eb komplikohet, dhe cil\u00ebsia e rezultatit t\u00eb rikuperimit mund t\u00eb p\u00ebsoj\u00eb shum\u00eb d\u00ebme.<\/p>\n

Kopjimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave q\u00eb jan\u00eb gjetur nga utilita, n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin ndarje nga e cila po p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb rikuperojn\u00eb skedar\u00ebt. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast zakonisht gjith\u00e7ka p\u00ebrfundon me at\u00eb q\u00eb, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, p\u00ebrdoruesi merr mbeturina, dhe p\u00ebrpjekja e ardhshme p\u00ebr rikuperimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb keq. N\u00ebse veproni sipas udh\u00ebzimeve nga ky artikull, do t\u00eb jeni t\u00eb mbrojtur nga nj\u00eb gabim t\u00eb till\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nuk kryhet kontrolli i integritetit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb rikuperuara dhe p\u00ebrmbajtja e ruajt\u00ebsit origjinal shkat\u00ebrrohet s\u00eb bashku me kopjen e tij. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast ka rrezik t\u00eb mbeteni me nj\u00eb grumbull foldersh, t\u00eb mbushura me rezultate t\u00eb gabuara nga p\u00ebrpjekja p\u00ebr rikuperimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave pa mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Zgjedhja e gabuar e instrumentit dhe metodave p\u00ebr rikuperimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, si rezultat i s\u00eb cil\u00ebs rezultati p\u00ebrfundimtar \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb i keq se sa ka mundur t\u00eb jet\u00eb. <\/p>\n

\nShpresoj se ky kompleks masash do t'ju ndihmoj\u00eb t\u00eb merrni nj\u00eb vendim, n\u00ebse situata me ruajt\u00ebsin tuaj lejon p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb pavarura p\u00ebr rikuperimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe n\u00ebse jeni t\u00eb gatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb kryeni k\u00ebt\u00eb grup veprimesh relativisht t\u00eb thjeshta, t\u00eb listuara n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull.<\/p>\n

Publikimi i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm: T\u00eb ecesh p\u00ebrmes mundimeve ose nj\u00eb histori e gjat\u00eb e nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjeje p\u00ebr rikuperimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/a><\/noindex>
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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