{"id":53198,"date":"2019-11-26T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-25T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/istoriya-obrazovatelnogo-po-pervye-personalnye-kompyutery-obuchayushhie-igry-i-soft-dlya-studentov"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:04","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:04","slug":"istoriya-obrazovatelnogo-po-pervye-personalnye-kompyutery-obuchayushhie-igry-i-soft-dlya-studentov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/istoriya-obrazovatelnogo-po-pervye-personalnye-kompyutery-obuchayushhie-igry-i-soft-dlya-studentov","title":{"rendered":"Historia e softuerit edukativ: kompjuter\u00ebt e par\u00eb personal, lojrat edukative dhe softi p\u00ebr student\u00ebt","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00eb her\u00ebn e kaluar ne treguam<\/a><\/noindex>, si p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb automatizuar procesin e m\u00ebsimit \u00e7uan n\u00eb krijimin e sistemit shum\u00eb t\u00eb avancuar PLATO n\u00eb vitet '60. P\u00ebr t\u00eb, u zhvilluan shum\u00eb kurse m\u00ebsimore p\u00ebr l\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme. Megjithat\u00eb, PLATO kishte nj\u00eb disavantazh \u2014 qasja n\u00eb materialet edukative e kishin vet\u00ebm student\u00ebt e universiteteve me terminale speciale.<\/p>\n

Situata ndryshoi me ardhjen e kompjuter\u00ebve personal\u00eb. K\u00ebshtu, softueri edukativ erdhi n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha universitetet, shkollat dhe sht\u00ebpit\u00eb. Po vazhdojm\u00eb tregimin m\u00eb posht\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"Historia<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\nFotografia: Matthew Pearce<\/a><\/noindex> \/ CC BY<\/i><\/p>\n

Revolucioni kompjuterik<\/h2>\n

\nPajisja q\u00eb \u00e7oi n\u00eb revolucionin e kompjuter\u00ebve personal\u00eb ishte Altair 8800<\/a><\/noindex> bazuar n\u00eb mikroprocesorin Intel 8080. Autobusa e projektuar p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb kompjuter u b\u00eb standardi de-fakto p\u00ebr kompjuter\u00ebt e ardhsh\u00ebm. Altair u zhvillua nga inxhinieri Henry Edward Roberts n\u00eb vitin 1975 p\u00ebr kompanin\u00eb MITS. Pavar\u00ebsisht disa disavantazheve - makineria nuk kishte as tastier\u00eb, as ekran - firma shiti disa mij\u00ebra pajisje n\u00eb muajin e par\u00eb. Sukesi i Altair 8800 hapi rrug\u00ebn p\u00ebr kompjuter\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1977, Commodore doli n\u00eb treg me Commodore PET 2001. Ky kompjuter me nj\u00eb trup metali pesha 11 kilogram kishte tashm\u00eb nj\u00eb monitor me nj\u00eb zgjidhje prej 40x25 simboleve dhe nj\u00eb pajisje hyrjeje. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin vit, Apple Computer prezantoi Apple II. Ai kishte ekran me ngjyr\u00eb, nj\u00eb interpretues t\u00eb integruar t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs BASIC dhe mund t\u00eb luante z\u00eb. Apple II u b\u00eb kompjuter p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e zakonsh\u00ebm, prandaj punonin me t\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm specialist\u00eb teknik\u00eb n\u00eb universitete, por edhe m\u00ebsues n\u00eb shkolla. Kjo inkurajoi zhvillimin e softuerit edukativ t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb moment, m\u00ebsuesja nga Shtetet e Bashkuara, Ann McCormick, u shqet\u00ebsua se disa adoleshent\u00eb lexonin me shum\u00eb paqart\u00ebsi dhe ngadal\u00eb. Pra, ajo vendosi t\u00eb punonte p\u00ebr nj\u00eb metodologji t\u00eb re p\u00ebr m\u00ebsimin e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve. N\u00eb vitin 1979, McCormick fitoi nj\u00eb grantes dhe mori nj\u00eb Apple II nga fondi i Apple Education Foundation. Duke bashkuar forcat me doktorin e psikologjis\u00eb nga Stanford, Teri Perl, dhe programerin Joseph Warren nga Atari, ajo themeloi kompanin\u00eb The Learning Company<\/a><\/noindex>. S\u00eb bashku ata filluan t\u00eb zhvillonin softuerin edukativ p\u00ebr nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit.<\/p>\n

\u041a 1984 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 The Learning Company \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, Rocky’s Boots \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0438. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Software Publishers. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 Reader Rabbit, \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0443. \u0417\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043e\u043c \u0432 14 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0439.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n

\r\n \"Luaj\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center>
\n\u041a 1995 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0432 $53,2 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0420\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 Children’s Technology Review \u0423\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0411\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0440 (Warren Buckleitner) madje e quajti<\/a><\/noindex> The Learning Company \u00abShk\u00eblqimin e Shenjt\u00eb t\u00eb Edukimit\u00bb. Sipas tij, puna e ekipit t\u00eb Ann McCormick ndihmoi m\u00ebsuesit t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb sa i fuqish\u00ebm mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb mjet edukativ kompjuteri.<\/p>\n

Kush tjet\u00ebr merret me k\u00ebt\u00eb<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb viteve '80, The Learning Company nuk ishte zhvilluesi i vet\u00ebm i softuerit edukativ. Loj\u00ebrat edukative publikohej<\/a><\/noindex> nga Optimum Resource, Daystar Learning Corporation, Sierra On-Line dhe disa kompani t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb vogla. Por vet\u00ebm Br\u00f8derbund, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e themeluan v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit Doug dhe Gary Carlston, arriti t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebris\u00eb suksesin e The Learning Company.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb, kompania zhvilloi loj\u00ebra, ndoshta projekti m\u00eb i njohur i tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb Prince of Persia. Por shum\u00eb shpejt, v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit ndryshuan fokusin e tyre n\u00eb produktet edukative. N\u00eb portofolin e tyre ishin: James Discovers Math dhe Math Workshop p\u00ebr m\u00ebsimin e bazave t\u00eb matematik\u00ebs, Amazing Writing Machine p\u00ebr m\u00ebsimin e leximit dhe gramatik\u00ebs, si dhe Mieko: A Story of Japanese Culture \u2014 nj\u00eb kurs mbi historin\u00eb japoneze n\u00eb form\u00ebn e tregimeve atraktive p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nM\u00ebsuesit mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb n\u00eb zhvillimin e aplikacioneve, ata gjithashtu p\u00ebrgatit\u00ebn planet e m\u00ebsimeve duke p\u00ebrdorur k\u00ebt\u00eb softuer. Kompania organizonte rregullisht seminare n\u00eb shkolla p\u00ebr t\u00eb popullarizuar m\u00ebsimin kompjuterik, botonte udh\u00ebzues n\u00eb let\u00ebr p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit dhe ofronte zbritje p\u00ebr programet p\u00ebr institucionet edukative. P\u00ebr shembull, kur \u00e7mimi normal i Mieko: A Story of Japanese Culture ishte 179,95 dollar\u00eb, versione shkollore kushtonte gati dy her\u00eb m\u00eb pak \u2014 89,95 dollar\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Deri n\u00eb vitin 1991, Br\u00f8derbund zuri nj\u00eb kat\u00ebr t\u00eb amerikanit t\u00eb tregut t\u00eb softuerit edukativ. Sukseset e kompanis\u00eb t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn v\u00ebmendjen e The Learning Company, e cila e bleu konkurrentin p\u00ebr 420 milion dollar\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Softueri p\u00ebr student\u00ebt<\/h2>\n

\nEdukimi universitar nuk mbeti jasht\u00eb revolucionit kompjuterik. N\u00eb vitin 1982, MIT bleu disa dhjet\u00ebra PC n\u00eb klasa p\u00ebr student\u00ebt e specialiteteve inxhinierike. Nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb universitetit dhe me mb\u00ebshtetje nga IBM, u lan\u00e7ua projekti \u00abAfina\u00bb<\/a><\/noindex>Korporata ofroi universitetit kompjuter\u00eb me vler\u00eb disa milioni dollar\u00eb dhe programuesit e saj p\u00ebr zhvillimin e softuerit arsimor. Qasje n\u00eb teknologjit\u00eb e reja mor\u00ebn student\u00ebt e t\u00eb gjitha deg\u00ebve, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb kampus filloi funksionimi i nj\u00eb rrjeti kompjuterik.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fund t\u00eb viteve '80, MIT krijoi nj\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb arsimore t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb UNIX, nd\u00ebrsa specialist\u00ebt e universitetit zhvillonin programe p\u00ebr universitete t\u00eb tjera. Nj\u00eb nga sistemet m\u00eb t\u00eb suksesshme ishte nj\u00eb sistem kompleks p\u00ebr m\u00ebsimin e disiplinave shkencore \u2014 stafi i universitetit jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb shkroi nj\u00eb kursit kompjuterik, por gjithashtu nisi nj\u00eb sistem verifikimi t\u00eb njohurive t\u00eb student\u00ebve.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n\u00abAfina\u00bb u b\u00eb p\u00ebrvoja e par\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorimit n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb kompjuter\u00ebve dhe softuerit n\u00eb universitet dhe nj\u00eb model p\u00ebr projekte t\u00eb ngjashme n\u00eb institucione t\u00eb tjera arsimore.<\/p>\n

Zhvillimi i ekosistem\u00ebs arsimore<\/h2>\n

\nInteresi p\u00ebr softuerin arsimor n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb viteve '80 filloi t\u00eb shfaqej edhe nga sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebsit. Pas largimit nga Microsoft n\u00eb vitin 1983 p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb mosmarr\u00ebveshjeve me Bill Gates, Paul Allen themeloi kompanin\u00eb Asymetrix Learning Systems. Atje ai zhvilloi nj\u00eb mjedis p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmbajtjen arsimore ToolBook. Sistemi lejonte krijimin e produkteve t\u00eb ndryshme multimediale: kurse, aplikacione p\u00ebr testimin e njohurive dhe aft\u00ebsive, prezantime dhe materiale referimi. N\u00eb vitin 2001, ToolBook u njoh si nj\u00eb nga mjetet m\u00eb t\u00eb mira interaktive p\u00ebr m\u00ebsim elektronike.<\/p>\n

Ekosistema e m\u00ebsimit t\u00eb distanc\u00ebs filloi gjithashtu t\u00eb zhvillohej. Pionier ishte programi FirstClass, i zhvilluar nga djali i Bell Northern Research \u2014 Steve Asbury, Jon Asbury dhe Scott Welch. Paketa p\u00ebrfshinte mjete p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn me e-mail, shk\u00ebmbimin e skedar\u00ebve, bisedat, konferencat p\u00ebr m\u00ebsuesit, nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit dhe prind\u00ebrit. Sistemi p\u00ebrdoret dhe p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohet ende (\u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e portofolit t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb OpenTex) - kan\u00eb lidhje me tri mij\u00eb institucione arsimore dhe n\u00ebnt\u00eb milion p\u00ebrdorues n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

\"Historia
\nFotografia: Springsgrace<\/a><\/noindex> \/ CC BY-SA<\/i><\/p>\n

Shp\u00ebrndarja e internetit n\u00eb vitet '90 u b\u00eb shkaku i revolucionit tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb arsim. Zhvillimet e softuerit arsimor vazhduan dhe fituan nj\u00eb zhvillim t\u00eb ri: n\u00eb vitin 1997 lindi koncepti i \u00abmjedisit t\u00eb interaktiv t\u00eb t\u00eb nx\u00ebnit\u00bb (Interactive Learning Network).<\/p>\n

K\u00ebt\u00eb do ta diskutojm\u00eb n\u00eb her\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

\nK\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb Habr:<\/b><\/p>\n