{"id":54104,"date":"2019-12-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-17T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/sd-wan-i-dna-v-pomoshh-adminu-osobennosti-arhitektur-i-praktika"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:05","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:05","slug":"sd-wan-i-dna-v-pomoshh-adminu-osobennosti-arhitektur-i-praktika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sd-wan-i-dna-v-pomoshh-adminu-osobennosti-arhitektur-i-praktika","title":{"rendered":"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/7932ae430c14e26ccf1a0f9c45ce080b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Nj\u00eb stand q\u00eb mund ta prekni te ne n\u00eb laborator, n\u00ebse d\u00ebshironi. <\/i><\/p>\n<p>SD-WAN dhe SD-Access jan\u00eb dy qasje t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb reja proprietare p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e rrjeteve. N\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen, ato duhet t\u00eb bashkohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet overlay, por p\u00ebr momentin po afromi vet\u00ebm. Logjika \u00ebsht\u00eb e till\u00eb: marrim rrjetin e shekullit t\u00eb 1990 dhe e vendosim mbi t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha patch-et dhe funksionalitetet e nevojshme, pa pritur q\u00eb kjo t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb standard i ri i hapur pas dhjet\u00eb vjet\u00ebsh. <\/p>\n<p>SD-WAN \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb patch SDN p\u00ebr rrjetet e shp\u00ebrndara korporative. Transporti \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7mas, kontrolli \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7mas, prandaj kontrolli leht\u00ebsohet.<\/p>\n<p>Pikat pozitive - t\u00eb gjitha kanalet e komunikimit p\u00ebrdoren aktivisht, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb rezervat. Ka routing paketash deri te aplikacionet: \u00e7far\u00eb, p\u00ebrmes cilit kanal dhe me cilin prioritet. Procesi i thjeshtuar i vendosjes s\u00eb pikave t\u00eb reja: n\u00eb vend t\u00eb instalimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb konfigurations - vet\u00ebm t\u00eb japim adres\u00ebn e serverit Cisco n\u00eb internetin e madh, n\u00eb datacenterin KROK apo t\u00eb klientit, nga ku merren konfigurimet pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr rrjetin tuaj. <\/p>\n<p>SD-Access (DNA) \u00ebsht\u00eb automatizimi i menaxhimit t\u00eb rrjetit lokal: konfigurimi nga nj\u00eb pik\u00eb, wizard-e, nd\u00ebrfaqe t\u00eb lehta p\u00ebr t'u p\u00ebrdorur. N\u00eb thelb, nj\u00eb rrjet tjet\u00ebr me nj\u00eb transport t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm n\u00eb nivelin e protokollit nd\u00ebrtohet mbi t\u00eb, dhe n\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e perimetrit sigurohet p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebria me rrjetet e vjetra. <\/p>\n<p>K\u00ebt\u00eb do ta shpjegojm\u00eb m\u00eb posht\u00eb. <\/p>\n<p>Tani pak demostrime n\u00eb stendat m\u00eb testuese n\u00eb laboratorin ton\u00eb, si duket dhe funksionon. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>T\u00eb fillojm\u00eb me SD-WAN. Mund\u00ebsit\u00eb kryesore:<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Thjeshtimi i implementimit t\u00eb pikave t\u00eb reja (ZTP) \u2014 supozohet se ju ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb i jepni pik\u00ebs adres\u00ebn e serverit me konfigurimet. Pika lidhet me t\u00eb, merr konfigurimin, e aplikon at\u00eb dhe aktivizohet n\u00eb panelin tuaj t\u00eb kontrollit. K\u00ebshtu sigurohet Zero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP). P\u00ebr t\u00eb instaluar nj\u00eb pajisje p\u00ebrfundimtare, inxhinieri i rrjetit nuk ka nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb n\u00eb vend. E r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb vend t\u00eb aktivizohet si\u00e7 duhet pajisja dhe t\u00eb lidhen t\u00eb gjitha kabllot, m\u00eb pas pajisja vet\u00eb do t\u00eb lidh\u00eb me sistemin. Konfigurimet mund t\u00eb ngarkohet p\u00ebrmes k\u00ebrkesave DNS n\u00eb cloud-in e ofruesit nga nj\u00eb paisje USB e lidhur, ose mund t\u00eb hapet nj\u00eb hiperlink nga nj\u00eb laptop i lidhur me pajisjen p\u00ebrmes Wi-Fi ose Ethernet.<\/li>\n<li>Thjesht\u00ebsimi i administrat\u00ebs rutinore t\u00eb rrjetit \u2014 konfigurimi nga shabllone, politikat globale, t\u00eb konfigurueshme q\u00ebndrorisht p\u00ebr pes\u00eb filiale apo deri n\u00eb 5,000. T\u00eb gjitha nga nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb vet\u00ebm. P\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur rrug\u00ebt e gjata \u2014 nj\u00eb opsion shum\u00eb i dobish\u00ebm p\u00ebr rikthimin automatik n\u00eb konfigurimin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm.<\/li>\n<li>Menaxhimi i trafik\u00ebve n\u00eb nivelin e aplikacioneve \u2014 siguria e cil\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimi i vazhduesh\u00ebm i n\u00ebnshkrimeve t\u00eb aplikacioneve. Politikat konfigurohen dhe aplikohen q\u00ebndrorisht (nuk nevojitet shkruajtur dhe p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar hartat e rrug\u00ebve p\u00ebr \u00e7do router, si m\u00eb par\u00eb). Shikohet se kush, ku dhe \u00e7far\u00eb d\u00ebrgon. <\/li>\n<li>Segmentimi i rrjetit. VPN t\u00eb pavarura dhe t\u00eb izoluara mbi t\u00ebr\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn \u2014 secila me rrug\u00ebzim t\u00eb saj. M\u00eb default, trafiku nd\u00ebrmjet tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb i mbyllur, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb hapen qasje vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr forma t\u00eb kuptueshme t\u00eb trafik\u00ebve n\u00eb nyjet e kuptueshme t\u00eb rrjetit, p\u00ebr shembull, duke kaluar gjith\u00e7ka p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb firewall t\u00eb madh ose proxy. <\/li>\n<li>Dukshm\u00ebria e historis\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb rrjetit \u2014 si kan\u00eb punuar aplikacionet dhe kanalet. Shum\u00eb e dobishme p\u00ebr analizin dhe korrigjimin e situat\u00ebs para se t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb t\u00eb vijn\u00eb ankesat nga p\u00ebrdoruesit p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn e paq\u00ebndrueshme t\u00eb aplikacioneve.<\/li>\n<li>Dukshm\u00ebria sipas kanaleve \u2014 a ia vlen \u00e7mimi i tyre, a vijn\u00eb realisht dy operator\u00eb t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm n\u00eb objektin tuaj, apo ata kalojn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb p\u00ebrmes t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtit rrjet dhe degradohen\/r\u00ebzojn\u00eb nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht. <\/li>\n<li>Dukshm\u00ebria p\u00ebr aplikacionet n\u00eb cloud dhe steering-trafikun p\u00ebrmes kanaleve t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb baza t\u00eb saj (Cloud Onramp). <\/li>\n<li>Nj\u00eb pajisje p\u00ebrmban nj\u00eb router dhe nj\u00eb firewall (m\u00eb sakt\u00ebsisht, NGFW). M\u00eb pak pajisje \u2014 m\u00eb lir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur nj\u00eb filial t\u00eb ri.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Komponent\u00ebt dhe arkitektura e zgjidhjeve SD-WAN.<\/h3>\n<p>\nPajisjet p\u00ebrfundimtare \u2014 WAN-router q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb harduerizuar dhe virtuale. <\/p>\n<p>Orkestrator\u00ebt \u2014 mjete p\u00ebr menaxhimin e rrjetit. Aty vendosen parametrat e pajisjeve p\u00ebrfundimtare, politikat e rrug\u00ebzimit t\u00eb trafik\u00ebve, funksionaliteti i siguris\u00eb. Krijohen konfigurime q\u00eb d\u00ebrgohen automatikisht p\u00ebrmes rrjetit t\u00eb kontrollit n\u00eb nyjat. Paralelisht, orkestratori d\u00ebgjon rrjetin dhe b\u00ebn monitorimin \u2014 disponueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e pajisjeve, porteve, kanaleve t\u00eb komunikimit, ngarkes\u00ebn e interface-ve.<\/p>\n<p>Mjetet analitike. Kreu raporte mbi baza t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash t\u00eb grumbulluara nga pajisjet p\u00ebrfundimtare: historin\u00eb e cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb kanaleve, aplikacioneve rrjetore, disponueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb nyjeve, etj. <\/p>\n<p>Kontroller\u00ebt p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr aplikimin e politikave t\u00eb ruter t\u00eb trafikut n\u00eb rrjet. Analogjia m\u00eb e af\u00ebrt me to n\u00eb rrjetet tradicionale mund t\u00eb quhet BGP Route Reflector. Politikat globale q\u00eb administratori konfiguroni n\u00eb orkestrator \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb ndryshimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb tabelave t\u00eb rrug\u00ebve nga kontroller\u00ebt dhe shp\u00ebrndarjen e informacionit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar n\u00eb pajisjet finale.<\/p>\n<h3>\u00c7far\u00eb merr sh\u00ebrbimi IT nga SD-WAN:<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Kanal rezerv\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret gjithmon\u00eb (nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i papun\u00eb). B\u00ebhet m\u00eb e lir\u00eb, pasi mund t\u00eb lejojm\u00eb dy kanale m\u00eb pak t\u00eb sh\u00ebndosha. <\/li>\n<li>Kalim automatik i trafikut t\u00eb aplikacioneve midis kanaleve. <\/li>\n<li>Koha e administratorit: mund t\u00eb zhvilloni rrjetin globalisht, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebvizni p\u00ebr \u00e7do pajisje me konfigurime. <\/li>\n<li>Shpejt\u00ebsia e ngritjes s\u00eb deg\u00ebve t\u00eb reja. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb.<\/li>\n<li>M\u00eb pak ndaljesh p\u00ebr koh\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimi t\u00eb pajisjeve t\u00eb vdekura.<\/li>\n<li>Rikornizim t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb rrjetit p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb reja.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u00c7far\u00eb merr biznesi nga SD-WAN:<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Pun\u00eb e garantuar e aplikacioneve t\u00eb biznesit n\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb p\u00ebrmes kanaleve t\u00eb hapura t\u00eb internetit. Kjo ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me parashikueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e biznesit. <\/li>\n<li>Mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb menj\u00ebhershme p\u00ebr aplikacionet e reja t\u00eb biznesit n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb rrjetin e shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb pavar\u00ebsisht nga numri i deg\u00ebve. Kjo ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e biznesit.<\/li>\n<li>Koneksion t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb dhe t\u00eb sigurt t\u00eb deg\u00ebve n\u00eb \u00e7do lokacion t\u00eb larg\u00ebt duke p\u00ebrdorur \u00e7do teknologji lidh\u00ebse (Internet ka kudo, nd\u00ebrsa linjat e dedikuara dhe VPN nuk jan\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb pranishme). Kjo ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me fleksibilitetin e biznesit n\u00eb zgjedhjen e lokacionit.<\/li>\n<li>Kjo mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb projekt me dor\u00ebzim dhe vendosje, ose mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim <br \/>\nme pagesa mujore nga kompania IT, operatori i komunikimeve ose operatori i cloud. Si\u00e7 e do secili m\u00eb mir\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nP\u00ebrfitimet e biznesit nga SD-WAN mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb ndryshme, p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb klient na tha se nj\u00eb menaxher i lart\u00eb kishte k\u00ebrkuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar nj\u00eb linj\u00eb t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb me t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punonj\u00ebsit e nj\u00eb kompanie shum\u00eb t\u00eb madhe dhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes. <\/p>\n<blockquote><p>P\u00ebr ne ishte nj\u00eb \"operacion ushtarak\". N\u00eb at\u00eb moment ne ishim duke zgjidhur problemin e modernizimit t\u00eb KSPD. Dhe kur kuptojm\u00eb se n\u00eb parim duhet t\u00eb merremi me rinovimin e pajisjeve, nd\u00ebrsa stoku teknologjik \u00ebsht\u00eb avancuar, p\u00ebrse t\u00eb merremi me rinovimin e teknologjive dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta, n\u00ebse mund t\u00eb hedhim nj\u00eb hap m\u00eb tej. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nSD-WAN instalohet n\u00eb vend nga forcat e enikejve. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr deg\u00ebt e larg\u00ebta, ku mund t\u00eb mos ket\u00eb nj\u00eb administrator t\u00eb mir\u00eb. D\u00ebrgoni me post\u00eb, thoni: \"Kabulli 1 futet n\u00eb kutin\u00eb 1, kabulli 2 - n\u00eb kutin\u00eb 2, dhe mos i ngat\u00ebrroni! Mos i ngat\u00ebrroni, #@$@%!\". Dhe n\u00ebse ata nuk i ngat\u00ebrrojn\u00eb, pajisja lidhet automatikisht me serverin qendror, merr dhe zbaton konfigurimet e saj, dhe kjo zyr\u00eb b\u00ebhet pjes\u00eb e rrjetit t\u00eb sigurt t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi kur nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb udh\u00ebtosh dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb justifikosh n\u00eb buxhet.<\/p>\n<p>Ja skema e stend\u00ebs:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/f73175ebe0e3f30bdbd2b032e4343279.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n <br \/>\nPak shembuj konfigurimi:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/cba908326273f635279d506428198c18.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Politika - rregullat globale p\u00ebr menaxhimin e trafikut. Redaktimi i politik\u00ebs.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/f72d3800917f72b45a923f8ab9136825.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Aktivizimi i politik\u00ebs p\u00ebr menaxhimin e trafikut. <\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/8720e69816ce1f4b95755db36e195ce0.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Konfigurimi masiv i parametrave t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb pajisjeve (adresa IP, grupe DHCP).<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Screenshot-et e monitorimit t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb aplikacioneve<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/40fbe6c95baebe265e062a0d9205c198.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>P\u00ebr aplikacionet n\u00eb re.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/54240225067a87662fa0ca488d8f75a3.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>N\u00eb detaje p\u00ebr Office365.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/75ff697cb496179eb771dbf88ce71cb3.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>P\u00ebr aplikacionet n\u00eb vend. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, n\u00eb stend\u00ebn ton\u00eb nuk arrit\u00ebm t\u00eb gjenim aplikacione me gabime (FEC Recovery rate kudo \u00ebsht\u00eb zero).<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/93fdcaf46286cd64e0b158c6f112e8a6.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr - performanca e kanaleve t\u00eb transmetimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Cilat pajisje mb\u00ebshteten n\u00eb SD-WAN<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/2b40239285043142e97d1e6898119fb9.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n1. Platformat harduerike:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ruter\u00ebt Cisco vEdge (emri i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm - Viptela vEdge), q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00ebn sistemin operativ Viptela.<\/li>\n<li>Ruter\u00ebt e Integruar t\u00eb Sh\u00ebrbimeve (ISR) serit\u00eb 1 000 dhe 4 000, q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00ebn IOS XE SD-WAN.<\/li>\n<li>Ruter\u00ebt Aggregation Services Router (ASR) seria 1 000, q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00ebn IOS XE SD-WAN.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n2. Platformat virtuale:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ruter\u00ebt Cloud Services Router (CSR) 1 000v, q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00ebn IOS XE SD-WAN.<\/li>\n<li>Ruter\u00ebt vEdge Cloud Router, q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00ebn sistemin operativ Viptela.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPlatformat virtuale mund t\u00eb vendosen n\u00eb platforma llogaritushe Cisco x86, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb Enterprise Network Compute System (ENCS) seria 5 000, Unified Computing System (UCS) dhe Cloud Services Platform (CSP) seria 5 000. Platformat virtuale mund t\u00eb punojn\u00eb gjithashtu n\u00eb \u00e7do pajisje x86 q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb hipervizor, t\u00eb till\u00eb si KVM ose VMware ESi.<\/p>\n<h3>Si instalohet nj\u00eb pajisje e re<\/h3>\n<p>\nLista e pajisjeve t\u00eb licencuara p\u00ebr vendosje shkarkohet ose nga llogaria smart n\u00eb Cisco, ose ngarkohet si nj\u00eb skedar CSV. M\u00eb shum\u00eb screenshot-e do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqem t\u00eb marr m\u00eb von\u00eb, tani nuk kemi pajisje t\u00eb reja p\u00ebr vendosje.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/880aaa116c35107320e0fbce61624e7b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Sekuenca e hapave p\u00ebrmes t\u00eb cilave kalon pajisja gjat\u00eb vendosjes.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/95d92a7d701ee3ff1672cf4ccd922b27.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>Si instalohet nj\u00eb pajisje e re \/ m\u00ebnyra e dor\u00ebzimit t\u00eb konfigurimit<\/h3>\n<p>\nRegjistrimi i pajisjeve n\u00eb Smart Account.<\/p>\n<p>Mund t\u00eb ngarkohet nj\u00eb skedar CSV, ose nj\u00eb nga nj\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/0434a3dbf75666e397cddc285001d6cd.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n <br \/>\nPlot\u00ebsojm\u00eb parametrat e pajisjes:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/66e54600d307cbd83f68e468ccdc234f.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n <br \/>\nPastaj n\u00eb vManage sinkronizojm\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat me Smart Account. Pajisja shfaqet n\u00eb list\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/a99add074b70d7650c25c9dab4925eba.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nN\u00eb menun\u00eb e r\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebrball\u00eb pajisjes klikojm\u00eb Generate Bootstrap Configuration <br \/>\ndhe marim konfigurimin fillestar:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/d8a15bbf1248c64b7dd11d19996aad43.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nKy konfiguruar duhet t'i jepet pajisjes. M\u00ebnyra m\u00eb e thjesht\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb lidhni nj\u00eb flash drive me skedarin e ruajtur me emrin ciscosd-wan.cfg. Gjat\u00eb ngarkimit, pajisja do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb skedar. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/06e47a93f82a5db1680f36cee977c70b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPas marrjes s\u00eb konfigurimit fillestar, pajisja do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb orkestratorin dhe t\u00eb marr\u00eb prej tij nj\u00eb konfigurim t\u00eb plot\u00eb. <\/p>\n<h3>Shikojm\u00eb SD-Access (DNA)<\/h3>\n<p>\nSD-Access thjeshton konfigurimin e porteve dhe t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb aksesit p\u00ebr lidhjen e p\u00ebrdoruesve. Kjo b\u00ebhet p\u00ebrmes wizard-\u00ebve. Parametrat e porteve p\u00ebrcaktohen n\u00eb lidhje me grupe si \"Administratoret\", \"Kontabiliteti\", \"Shkarkuesit\", dhe jo me VLAN dhe n\u00ebnrrjetat IP. Kjo minimizon gabimet e shkaktuara nga faktori njer\u00ebzor. N\u00ebse, p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb kompanie i ka shum\u00eb deg\u00eb n\u00eb Rusi, dhe zyra qendrore \u00ebsht\u00eb e mbingarkuar, at\u00ebher\u00eb SD-Access lejon zgjidhjen e m\u00eb shum\u00eb problemeve n\u00eb vend. P\u00ebr shembull, po k\u00ebto probleme t\u00eb trajtimit t\u00eb problemeve. <\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr Sigurin\u00eb e Informacionit, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb SD-Access parashikon nj\u00eb ndarje t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve dhe pajisjeve n\u00eb grupe dhe p\u00ebrcaktimin e politikave t\u00eb bashk\u00ebveprimit mes tyre, autorizimin p\u00ebr \u00e7do lidhje klienti me rrjetin dhe sigurimin e \"t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb aksesit\" n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb rrjetin. N\u00ebse ndiqet nj\u00eb qasje e till\u00eb, administrimi b\u00ebhet shum\u00eb m\u00eb i leht\u00eb. <\/p>\n<p>Procesi i nisjes p\u00ebr zyrat e reja gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb thjeshtuar fal\u00eb agjent\u00ebve Plug-and-Play n\u00eb switch-a. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb sh\u00ebtitni me nj\u00eb konsol\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr kryq\u00ebzime, e as t\u00eb dilni p\u00ebr n\u00eb objekt.<\/p>\n<p>Ja disa shembuj t\u00eb konfigurimit:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/065b6f5072bc08291bd8c6b3edfb07d8.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nStatusi i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/4cd930efb6b9bd8ff1e46cf68bebba11.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Incidentet q\u00eb administrator\u00ebt duhet t'i shqyrtojn\u00eb.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/e7f9dcc447afea524aff3136fd9399d7.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Rekomandime automatike p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb duhet ndryshuar n\u00eb konfigurime.<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Plani p\u00ebr integrimin e SD-WAN me SD-Access<\/h3>\n<p>\nKam d\u00ebgjuar se ka k\u00ebtoplane n\u00eb Cisco \u2013 SD-WAN dhe SD-Access. Kjo duhet t\u00eb zvog\u00ebloj\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm problemet n\u00eb menaxhimin e SD-WAN dhe KSPDN-ve t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara gjeografikisht dhe atyre lokale. <\/p>\n<p>vManage (orkestratori SD-WAN) menaxhohet p\u00ebrmes API nga DNA Center (kontrolluesi SD-Access).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/907b3cf97c1eed0d605efbb8116d5cb7.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPolitikat e mikro- dhe makro-segmentimit p\u00ebrputhen n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/22c1c833596e03761784a4157c53e870.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nN\u00eb nivelin e paketave, gjith\u00e7ka duket k\u00ebshtu:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"SD-WAN dhe DNA n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve: karakteristikat e arkitekturave dhe praktika\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/e9e9949031680cf1289690373163652c.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>Kush dhe \u00e7far\u00eb mendon p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb<\/h3>\n<p>\nNe jemi duke u marr\u00eb me SD-WAN q\u00eb nga viti 2016 n\u00eb nj\u00eb laborator t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, ku testojm\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb ndryshme zgjidhjesh p\u00ebr nevojat e shitjeve me pakic\u00eb, bankave, transportit dhe industri. <\/p>\n<p>Flasim shum\u00eb me klient\u00eb real\u00eb. <\/p>\n<p>Mund t\u00eb them se shitja me pakic\u00eb tashm\u00eb po teston me siguri SD-WAN, disa e b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb me ofruesit (m\u00eb shpesh me Cisco), por ka edhe ata q\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen ta zgjidhin problemin vet\u00eb: krijojn\u00eb versionin e tyre t\u00eb softuerit, q\u00eb funksionalisht i ngjan SD-WAN.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00eb gjith\u00eb, ndoshta, d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb menaxhimin e centralizuar t\u00eb gjith\u00eb pajisjeve t\u00eb ndryshme. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb administrimi p\u00ebr instalimet jo standarde dhe ato standarde p\u00ebr ofrues t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm dhe teknologji t\u00eb ndryshme. \u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb minimalizosh pun\u00ebn manuale, sepse, nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, zvog\u00eblon rrezikun e faktor\u00ebve njer\u00ebzor\u00eb gjat\u00eb konfigurimit t\u00eb pajisjeve, dhe nga ana tjet\u00ebr, \u00e7liron burimet e IT n\u00eb zgjidhjen e detyrave t\u00eb tjera. Zakonisht, kuptimi i nevoj\u00ebs vijon nga ciklet shum\u00eb t\u00eb gjata t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimit n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin. Dhe, p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00ebse shitja me pakic\u00eb merret me alkool, i nevojitet lidhje e vazhdueshme p\u00ebr shitjet. P\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimi ose pezullimi gjat\u00eb dit\u00ebs ka nj\u00eb ndikim direkt n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat. <\/p>\n<p>Tani, n\u00eb shitjen me pakic\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb formuar qart\u00eb kuptimi se p\u00ebr cilat detyra IT do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb SD-WAN: <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Zhvillimi i shpejt\u00eb ( shpesh nevojitet n\u00eb LTE deri sa t\u00eb vij\u00eb ofruesi i kabllit, shpesh nevojitet q\u00eb pika e re t\u00eb ngrihej nga administratori n\u00eb qytet p\u00ebrmes GPH, dhe pastaj qendra thjesht v\u00ebshtron dhe konfiguron).<\/li>\n<li>Menaxhim i centralizuar, lidhje p\u00ebr objektet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. <\/li>\n<li>Reduktimi i kostove t\u00eb telekomit.<\/li>\n<li>Sh\u00ebrbime shtes\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme (Karakteristikat DPI ofrojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7uar p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi trafikut nga aplikacionet e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme si ato t\u00eb ark\u00ebtimit).<\/li>\n<li>Puna me kanalet automatikisht, e jo manualisht. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nDhe ka gjithashtu nj\u00eb kontroll p\u00ebr p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebrin\u00eb - t\u00eb gjith\u00eb flasin p\u00ebr t\u00eb, por askush nuk e sheh si nj\u00eb problem. Mb\u00ebshtetje e asaj q\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka punon si\u00e7 duhet gjithashtu funksionon n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb paradig\u00ebm. Shum\u00eb mendojn\u00eb se \u00e7do treg do t\u00eb l\u00ebviz\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi. <\/p>\n<p>Bankat, sipas mendimit tim, p\u00ebr momentin po testojn\u00eb SD-WAN si nj\u00eb tipar t\u00eb ri teknologjik. Po presin p\u00ebrfundimin e mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr brezat e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm t\u00eb pajisjeve dhe vet\u00ebm at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb. Bankat kan\u00eb nj\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr kanalet e komunikimit, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb gjendja aktuale e industris\u00eb nuk i shqet\u00ebson shum\u00eb. Problemet m\u00eb shum\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb n\u00eb fusha t\u00eb tjera. <\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb krahasim me tregun rus, n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb SD-WAN po implementohet aktivisht. Ata kan\u00eb kanale komunikimi m\u00eb t\u00eb shtrenjta, dhe prandaj kompanit\u00eb evropiane sjellin paket\u00ebn e tyre n\u00eb deg\u00ebt ruse. N\u00eb Rusi ka nj\u00eb stabilitet t\u00eb caktuar, sepse kostoja e kanaleve (edhe kur rajoni \u00ebsht\u00eb 25 her\u00eb m\u00eb e shtrenjt\u00eb se qendra) duket mjaft normale dhe nuk ngre shqet\u00ebsime. Nga viti n\u00eb vit, buxheti p\u00ebr kanalet e komunikimit planifikohet pa p\u00ebrjashtim. <\/p>\n<p>Ja nj\u00eb shembull nga praktika globale, kur nj\u00eb kompani p\u00ebrmes SD-WAN n\u00eb Cisco kurseu koh\u00eb dhe para. <\/p>\n<p>Ka nj\u00eb kompani \u2014 National Instruments. N\u00eb nj\u00eb moment t\u00eb caktuar ata filluan t\u00eb kuptonin se rrjeti global i llogaritjes, \"i marr\u00eb\" si rezultat i bashkimit t\u00eb 88 pika t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn, ishte joefektiv. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, kompanis\u00eb i mungonte kapaciteti dhe performanca e nevojshme. Nuk kishte nj\u00eb balanc\u00eb midis rritjes s\u00eb vazhdueshme t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb dhe buxhetit t\u00eb kufizuar t\u00eb TI. <\/p>\n<p>SD-WAN ndihmoi National Instruments t\u00eb reduktonte shpenzimet p\u00ebr MPLS me 25% (kursim prej 450,000 dollar\u00ebsh n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb vitit 2018), duke zgjeruar gjer\u00ebsin\u00eb e band\u00ebs me 3,075%. <\/p>\n<p>Pas implementimit t\u00eb SD-WAN, kompania mori nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb zgjuar t\u00eb programuar dhe menaxhim t\u00eb centralizuar t\u00eb politikave p\u00ebr t\u00eb optimizuar automatikisht trafikun dhe performanc\u00ebn e aplikacioneve. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/dam\/en_us\/services\/it-case-studies\/ni-case-study.pdf\">K\u00ebtu<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 rast i detajuar.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/spbit.ru\/news\/n176590\/\">Pik\u00ebrisht k\u00ebtu<\/a><\/noindex> nj\u00eb rast krejt p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7mendur p\u00ebr zhvendosjen e S7 n\u00eb nj\u00eb zyr\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, kur fillimisht gjith\u00e7ka filloi e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, por interesante \u2014 duhej t\u00eb riparoheshin 1,500 portet. Pastaj ndodhi di\u00e7ka e papritur dhe p\u00ebrfundimisht administrator\u00ebt u gjend\u00ebn si ata t\u00eb fundit p\u00ebrpara afatit, mbi t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ra \u00e7do vones\u00eb e akumuluar.<\/p>\n<h3>Lexoni m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb anglisht:<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.americanbanker.com\/news\/fifth-third-investing-112-million-on-five-year-network-upgrade\">American Banker: Fifth Third investon n\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e rrjetit 5-vje\u00e7ar me SD-WAN <\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gestaltit.com\/tech-talks\/viptela\/viptela-sd-wan\/tom\/building-cloud-sd-wan-success-with-koch\">Nd\u00ebrtimi i suksesit t\u00eb Cloud SD-WAN n\u00eb Koch<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/gestaltit.com\/tech-talks\/viptela\/viptela-sd-wan\/tom\/mckessons-sd-wan-journey-to-cost-savings\/\">Udh\u00ebtimi i SD-WAN t\u00eb McKesson p\u00ebr kursime kostosh <\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sd-wan-experts.com\/blog\/poc-sd-wan-mind-the-gap\/\">SD-WAN Retail PoC &amp; Segmentation: Gap Stores<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li>Por <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/dam\/en\/us\/solutions\/collateral\/enterprise-networks\/digital-network-architecture\/global-nw-trends-survey.pdf\">nj\u00eb hulumtim global nga Cisco<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb trendet e rrjeteve n\u00eb bot\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>N\u00eb rusisht:<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/safe.cnews.ru\/articles\/2019-11-06_razbor_rynka_sdwan_kakie_sushchestvuyut\">N\u00eb CNews<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/croc\/blog\/457738\/\">Si e implementuam SD-Access, dhe pse ishte e nevojshme<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/croc\/blog\/455882\/\">Fabrika e rrjetit p\u00ebr Qendrat e t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave Cisco ACI \u2014 n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/croc\/blog\/336210\/\">Nj\u00eb kanal i q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm mbi baz\u00ebn e rrjeteve t\u00eb programuara SD-WAN: zgjidhim problemet e zgjedhjes s\u00eb rrug\u00ebve<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li>E-maili im, n\u00ebse keni ndonj\u00eb pyetje ose d\u00ebshironi t\u00eb testoni detyrat tuaja n\u00eb stend\u00ebn ton\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb mkazakov@croc.ru.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/croc\/blog\/480620\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0434, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0449\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0432 \u043b\u0430\u0431\u0435, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. SD-WAN \u0438 SD-Access \u2014 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u0412 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u041b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f: \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0451\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0446\u0430 1990-\u0445 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0451 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438 \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u0447\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0449\u0451 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54104","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0434, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e 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