{"id":54741,"date":"2020-01-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-02T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/shest-mifov-o-blokchejne-i-bitkojne-ili-pochemu-eto-ne-takaya-uzh-effektivnaya-tehnologiya"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:47","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:47","slug":"shest-mifov-o-blokchejne-i-bitkojne-ili-pochemu-eto-ne-takaya-uzh-effektivnaya-tehnologiya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/shest-mifov-o-blokchejne-i-bitkojne-ili-pochemu-eto-ne-takaya-uzh-effektivnaya-tehnologiya","title":{"rendered":"Shtat\u00eb mite rreth blockchain dhe Bitcoin, ose Pse kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb teknologji kaq efektive","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Autori i artikullit \u00ebsht\u00eb Aleksej Malanov, ekspert n\u00eb sektorin e zhvillimit t\u00eb teknologjive antivirus nga \u00abLaborator\u00ebt Kaspersky\u00bb<\/i><\/p>\n

Kam d\u00ebgjuar shpesh mendimin se blockchain \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka shum\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, nj\u00eb revolucion, dhe se e ardhmja i p\u00ebrket atij. M\u00eb lejoni t'ju zhg\u00ebnjej, n\u00ebse ndoshta e keni besuar k\u00ebt\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Klarifikim: n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb postim do t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr versionin e realizimit t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb blockchain q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb kriptovalut\u00ebn Bitcoin. Ekzistojn\u00eb aplikacione dhe realizime t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb blockchain-it, disa prej tyre kan\u00eb eliminuar mang\u00ebsi t\u00eb 'blockchain-it klasik', por zakonisht ato jan\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar mbi parime t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta.<\/p>\n

\"Shtat\u00eb
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr Bitcoin n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi<\/h3>\n

\nUn\u00eb e konsideroj teknologjin\u00eb Bitcoin si revolucionare. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, Bitcoin p\u00ebrdoret shum\u00eb shpesh p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime kriminale, dhe mua, si specialist n\u00eb sigurin\u00eb informative, kjo nuk m\u00eb p\u00eblqen aspak. Por n\u00ebse flasim p\u00ebr teknologjit\u00eb, revolucionin e duksh\u00ebm e kemi.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjitha komponent\u00ebt e protokollit Bitcoin dhe idet\u00eb e p\u00ebrfshira n\u00eb t\u00eb ishin n\u00eb fakt t\u00eb njohura edhe para vitit 2009, por q\u00eb t'i bashkosh t\u00eb gjitha dhe ta b\u00ebsh k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb ishin arritur vet\u00ebm nga autor\u00ebt e Bitcoin dhe n\u00eb vitin 2009. Gjat\u00eb pothuajse 9 viteve t\u00eb realizimit \u00ebsht\u00eb gjetur vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb vulnerabilitet kritik: nj\u00eb haker kishte arritur t\u00eb merrte 92 miliard\u00eb bitcoin n\u00eb nj\u00eb llogari, dhe korrigjimi k\u00ebrkonte rikthimin e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb historis\u00eb financiare p\u00ebr nj\u00eb dit\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, nj\u00eb vulnerabilitet n\u00eb nj\u00eb kaq gjat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat i respektuesh\u00ebm, e heq kapelen.<\/p>\n

Autor\u00ebt e Bitcoin kishin nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb: ta b\u00ebnin k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb funksiononte n\u00eb kushte t\u00eb nj\u00eb sistemi t\u00eb decentralizuar dhe ku askush nuk beson tek askushi. Ata e p\u00ebrmbush\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb detyr\u00eb, parat\u00eb elektronike funksionojn\u00eb. Por zgjidhjet q\u00eb ata mor\u00ebn jan\u00eb monstruoze n\u00eb efektivitetin e tyre.<\/p>\n

Dua ta sqaroj q\u00eb q\u00ebllimi i k\u00ebtij postimi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb discreditimi i blockchain-it. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb teknologji e dobishme q\u00eb tashm\u00eb po gjen dhe do t\u00eb gjej\u00eb shum\u00eb aplikime t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyera. Pavar\u00ebsisht mang\u00ebsive t\u00eb saj, ajo ka edhe avantazhe unike. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb sensacionit dhe revolutionit, shum\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrohen n\u00eb avantazhet e teknologjis\u00eb dhe shpesh harrojn\u00eb t\u00eb vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb me realiz\u00ebm situat\u00ebn reale, duke injoruar mang\u00ebsit\u00eb. Prandaj e konsideroj t\u00eb dobishme t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht mang\u00ebsit\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"Shtat\u00eb
\nNj\u00eb shembull libri, ku autori ka vendosur shpresat e m\u00ebdha tek blockchain-i. M\u00eb pas n\u00eb tekst do t\u00eb ket\u00eb cita nga ky lib\u00ebr<\/i><\/p>\n

Miti 1: Blockchain-i \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kompjuter i madh i shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb<\/h3>\n

\nCita \u21161: \u00abBlockchain-i mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet 'raporti i Ockham-it', mjeti m\u00eb efektiv, t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt dhe natyror p\u00ebr koordinimin e gjith\u00eb aktivitetit njer\u00ebzor dhe t\u00eb makinave, q\u00eb p\u00ebrputhet me tendenc\u00ebn e natyrshme p\u00ebr ekuilib\u00ebr.\u201d<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse nuk keni njohuri mbi parimet e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb blockchain-it<\/a><\/noindex>, dhe thjesht keni d\u00ebgjuar komente rreth k\u00ebsaj teknologjie, mund t\u00eb keni krijuar p\u00ebrshtypjen se blockchain-i \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kompjuter i shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb, q\u00eb kryen, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht, llogaritje t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara. Si t\u00eb thuash, nodelat n\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn mblidhen p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar di\u00e7ka m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe.<\/p>\n

Kjo ide \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsisht e gabuar. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, t\u00eb gjitha nodet q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtesin blockchain-in b\u00ebjn\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn gj\u00eb. Miliona kompjuter\u00ebsh:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Kontrollojn\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat transaksione sipas t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtave rregulla. Kryejn\u00eb pun\u00eb identike.<\/li>\n
  2. Regjistrojn\u00eb n\u00eb blockchain (n\u00ebse kan\u00eb fat dhe u \u00ebsht\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb mund\u00ebsia t\u00eb regjistrojn\u00eb) t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn gj\u00eb.<\/li>\n
  3. Ruajn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb historin\u00eb p\u00ebr gjith\u00eb koh\u00ebn, identike, nj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nAsnj\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarje, asnj\u00eb sinergji, asnj\u00eb ndihm\u00eb. Vet\u00ebm dublim, dhe kjo menj\u00ebher\u00eb miliona her\u00eb. P\u00ebr arsyen se \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme, ne do t\u00eb flasim m\u00eb posht\u00eb, por efekti, si\u00e7 e shihni, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb asnj\u00eb. P\u00ebrkundrazi.<\/p>\n

    Miti 2: Blockchain-i \u00ebsht\u00eb i p\u00ebrjetsh\u00ebm. \u00c7far\u00ebdo q\u00eb regjistrohet n\u00eb t\u00eb, do t\u00eb mbetet p\u00ebrher\u00eb<\/h3>\n

    \nCita \u21162: \u201eN\u00eb kushtet e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb aplikacioneve, organizatave, korporatave dhe shoq\u00ebrive t\u00eb decentralizuara, mund t\u00eb shfaqen shum\u00eb lloje t\u00eb reja t\u00eb sjelljes s\u00eb paparashikueshme dhe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuar, q\u00eb i ngjason inteligjenc\u00ebs artificiale (AI).\u201d<\/p>\n

    Po, v\u00ebrtet, si\u00e7 kemi zbuluar, \u00e7do klient i plot\u00eb i rrjetit ruan t\u00eb gjith\u00eb historin\u00eb e t\u00eb gjitha transaksioneve, dhe tashm\u00eb ka mbi 100 gigabajt t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb volumi total i nj\u00eb disku t\u00eb laptopit t\u00eb lir\u00eb apo t\u00eb smartphone-it m\u00eb modern. Dhe sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb transaksione q\u00eb kryhen n\u00eb rrjetin Bitcoin, aq m\u00eb shpejt rritet volumi. Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e madhe \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqur n\u00eb dy vitet e fundit.<\/p>\n

    \"Shtat\u00eb
    \nRritja e volumit t\u00eb blockchain-it.     Burimi<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

    Dhe Bitcoin-i ka pasur fat \u2014 p\u00ebr konkurrenc\u00ebn e tij, rrjetin Ethereum, vet\u00ebm pas dy viteve pas lansimit dhe gjasht\u00eb muajve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit aktiv n\u00eb blockchain ka grumbulluar 200 gigabajt. Pra, n\u00eb realitetin aktual, p\u00ebrjet\u00ebsia e blockchain-it \u00ebsht\u00eb e kufizuar n\u00eb disa vite \u2014 rritja e kapacitetit t\u00eb disqeve t\u00eb forta me siguri nuk po arrin t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb rritjen e volumit t\u00eb blockchain-it.<\/p>\n

    Por aside se nj\u00ebr\u00ebn an\u00eb q\u00eb duhet ta ruani, duhet gjithashtu ta shkarkoni. \u00c7do kush q\u00eb ka provuar t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb nj\u00eb portofol lokal p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb kriptovalut\u00eb, me habi ka zbuluar se nuk mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb ose pranoj\u00eb pagesa derisa t\u00eb shkarkohet dhe t\u00eb verifikohet e gjith\u00eb sasia e caktuar. Do t'ju dal\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00ebse ky proces do t\u00eb zgjas\u00eb vet\u00ebm disa dit\u00eb.<\/p>\n

    Do t\u00eb pyesni, a nuk mund ta ruajm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gjithkund, pasi \u00ebsht\u00eb e nj\u00ebjta gj\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do nyje t\u00eb rrjetit? Mundet, por at\u00ebher\u00eb, s\u00eb pari, nuk do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb blockchain n\u00eb nivele t\u00eb barabarta, por nj\u00eb arkitektur\u00eb tradicionale klient-server. Dhe s\u00eb dyti, at\u00ebher\u00eb klient\u00ebt do t\u00eb detyroheshin t\u00eb besonin te serverat. Dometh\u00ebn\u00eb, ideja e \"mosbesimit tek askush\", p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn blockchain u krijua, do t\u00eb humbte n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast.<\/p>\n

    P\u00ebrdoruesit Bitcoin jan\u00eb ndar\u00eb prej koh\u00ebsh n\u00eb entuziast\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt \"vuajn\u00eb\" dhe shkarkojn\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka, dhe n\u00eb njer\u00ebz t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt p\u00ebrdorin portofola online, besojn\u00eb te server\u00ebt dhe t\u00eb cil\u00ebve, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, nuk u b\u00ebn shum\u00eb p\u00ebrshtypje sesi funksionon.<\/p>\n

    Miti 3: Blockchain \u00ebsht\u00eb efektiv dhe i shkall\u00ebzuesh\u00ebm, parat\u00eb tradicionale do t\u00eb zhduken.<\/h3>\n

    \nCitim nr. 3: \u201cKombinimi i \u2018teknologjis\u00eb blockchain + lidhje personale t\u00eb organismit\u2019 do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb kodimin dhe b\u00ebj\u00ebn e t\u00eb menduarave t\u00eb gjitha mendimeve t\u00eb njeriut n\u00eb nj\u00eb format t\u00eb standardizuar t\u00eb kompresuar. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb kapen p\u00ebrmes skanimit t\u00eb korteksi t\u00eb trurit, EEG, nd\u00ebrfaqeve tru-kompjuter, nanorobot\u00ebve kognitiver dhe etj. T\u00eb menduarit do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohet si zinxhir\u00eb blokesh, duke regjistruar n\u00eb to pothuajse gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn subjektive t\u00eb njeriut dhe, ndoshta, madje edhe vet\u00eb vet\u00ebdijen e tij. Pas regjistrimit n\u00eb blockchain, p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebsit e ndrysh\u00ebm t\u00eb kujtimeve do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb administrohen dhe transferohen \u2013 p\u00ebr shembuj, p\u00ebr rikuperimin e kujtes\u00ebs n\u00eb rast s\u00ebmundjesh q\u00eb shoq\u00ebrohen me amnezi.\u201d<\/a><\/noindex> \"Organizmi\" do t\u00eb mund\u00ebsoj\u00eb kodimin dhe aksesimin n\u00eb nj\u00eb format t\u00eb standardizuar t\u00eb kompresuar t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha mendimeve t\u00eb njeriut. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb kapen p\u00ebrmes skanimit t\u00eb korteksit t\u00eb trurit, EEG, nd\u00ebrfaqeve tru-kompjuter, nanorobot\u00ebve kognitiv\u00eb, etj. Mendimi do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb paraqitet n\u00eb form\u00ebn e zinxhir\u00ebve t\u00eb bllokimeve, duke regjistruar n\u00eb to pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn subjektive t\u00eb njeriut dhe, ndoshta, madje edhe vet\u00eb vet\u00ebdijen. Pas regjistrimit n\u00eb blockchain, p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebsit e ndrysh\u00ebm t\u00eb kujtimeve do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb administrohen dhe transferohen \u2013 p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebr rip\u00ebrt\u00ebritjen e kujtes\u00ebs n\u00eb raste s\u00ebmundjesh q\u00eb shoq\u00ebrohen me amnezi.<\/p>\n

    N\u00ebse \u00e7do nyje n\u00eb rrjet b\u00ebn t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn gj\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se bandwidth-i i t\u00ebr\u00eb rrjetit \u00ebsht\u00eb i barabart\u00eb me bandwidth-in e nj\u00eb nyje t\u00eb vet\u00ebm t\u00eb rrjetit. Dhe e dini, sa i barabart\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ai? Bitcoin mund t\u00eb procesoj\u00eb maksimumi 7 transaksione n\u00eb sekond\u00eb - n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb.<\/p>\n

    P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, n\u00eb blockchain-in e Bitcoin, transaksionet regjistrohen vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb her\u00eb n\u00eb 10 minuta. Dhe pas shfaqjes s\u00eb regjistrimit, p\u00ebr siguri \u00ebsht\u00eb e zakonshme t\u00eb prisni edhe 50 minuta, sepse regjistrimet rregullisht kthehen prapa. Tani imagjinoni se ju nevojitet t\u00eb blini nj\u00eb \u00e7am\u00e7ak\u00ebz p\u00ebrmes bitcoin. Do t\u00eb q\u00ebndroni vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb or\u00eb n\u00eb dyqan, do t\u00eb mendoni.<\/p>\n

    N\u00eb nj\u00eb bot\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb qesharake tashm\u00eb, kur Bitcoin p\u00ebrdoret nga as nj\u00eb mij\u00eb pjes\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb Tok\u00eb. Dhe me nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb till\u00eb t\u00eb transaksioneve, nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb rritet numri i p\u00ebrdoruesve aktiv\u00eb. P\u00ebr p\u00ebrpilim: Visa proceson mij\u00ebra operacione n\u00eb sekond\u00eb, dhe n\u00eb rast nevoje leht\u00ebsisht do t\u00eb rris\u00eb kapacitetet, sepse teknologjit\u00eb tradicionale bankare jan\u00eb n\u00eb fakt t\u00eb shkall\u00ebzueshme.<\/p>\n

    Madje edhe n\u00ebse parat\u00eb tradicionale do t\u00eb zhduken, kjo do t\u00eb ndodhte qart\u00eb jo sepse do t'i z\u00ebvend\u00ebsonin zgjidhjet blockchain.<\/p>\n

    Miti 4: Miner\u00ebt sigurojn\u00eb sigurin\u00eb e rrjetit.<\/h3>\n

    \nCitim nr. 4: \u2018Kompani autonome n\u00eb cloud, q\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb mbi baz\u00ebn e blockchain dhe q\u00eb punojn\u00eb me kontrata inteligjente, mund t\u00eb lidhin marr\u00ebveshje elektronike me organizatat p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse, p\u00ebr shembull, me qeverit\u00eb, p\u00ebr t'u regjistruar vet\u00eb n\u00ebn \u00e7do juridiksion ku ata d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb punojn\u00eb.\u2019<\/p>\n

    Sic e keni d\u00ebgjuar p\u00ebr miner\u00ebt, p\u00ebr fermat e m\u00ebdha t\u00eb minierave, t\u00eb cilat nd\u00ebrtohen pran\u00eb stacioneve elektrike. \u00c7far\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb ata? Ata shpenzojn\u00eb 10 minuta duke p\u00ebrdoresh energji elektrike kot, \u201eduke dridhur\u201c bloket, derisa ato t\u00eb b\u00ebhen \u201et\u00eb bukura\u201c dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb blockchain (p\u00ebr at\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb jan\u00eb blloqet \u2018t\u00eb bukura\u2019 dhe pse duhet \u2018t\u00eb dridhen\u2019 ato, ne e sqaruam n\u00eb postimin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm<\/a><\/noindex>). Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme q\u00eb ri-shkrimi i historis\u00eb financiare t\u00eb zgjaste aq sa edhe shkrimi i saj (n\u00ebse keni fuqin\u00eb e till\u00eb totale).<\/p>\n

    Energjia elektrike shpenzohet aq sa konsumon nj\u00eb qytet me 100,000 banor\u00eb. Por merrni parasysh edhe pajisjen e shtrenjt\u00eb, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr minimin. Parimi i minimit (i njohur si proof-of-work) \u00ebsht\u00eb identik me konceptin e \u2018shkaktimit t\u00eb burimeve t\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit\u2019<\/p>\n

    Optimizist\u00ebt e blockchain-it p\u00eblqejn\u00eb t\u00eb thon\u00eb se miner\u00ebt nuk b\u00ebjn\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb pavler\u00eb, por sigurojn\u00eb stabilitetin dhe sigurin\u00eb e rrjetit Bitcoin. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, por problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se miner\u00ebt mbrojn\u00eb Bitcoin n\u00eb lidhje me miner\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb.<\/i>.<\/p>\n

    N\u00ebse do t\u00eb kishte nj\u00eb mij\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb pak miner\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthenin nj\u00eb mij\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb pak energji elektrike, at\u00ebher\u00eb Bitcoin do t\u00eb funksiononte po aq mir\u00eb - e nj\u00ebjta nj\u00eb bllok \u00e7do 10 minuta, e nj\u00ebjta sasi transaksionesh, e nj\u00ebjta shpejt\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n

    N\u00eb lidhje me zgjidhjet blockchain ekziston rreziku i \u2018sulmit 51%.<\/a><\/noindex>The essence of the attack is that if someone controls more than half of all mining power, they can secretly write an alternative financial history to which they have never transferred their money. Then, they can show everyone their version, and it will become reality. This way, they have the opportunity to spend their money multiple times. Traditional payment systems are not vulnerable to such attacks.<\/p>\n

    It turns out that Bitcoin has become a hostage to its own ideology. \"Extra\" miners cannot stop mining because it would sharply increase the likelihood that one person controls more than half of the remaining power. While mining is profitable, the network is stable; however, if the situation changes (for example, due to rising electricity costs), the network may face mass \"double spending.\"<\/p>\n

    Myth 5: Blockchain is decentralized and therefore invulnerable<\/h3>\n

    \nQuote #5: \u201cTo become a full-fledged organization, a decentralized application must contain more complex functionality, such as a constitution.\u201d
    \nYou might think that since the blockchain is stored on every node of the network, law enforcement won't be able to shut down Bitcoin if they want to, because there is no central server to target \u2014 there's no one to go after. But this is an illusion.<\/p>\n

    In reality, all \"independent\" miners are united in pools (essentially, cartels). They have to band together because it is better to have a stable, albeit small income than a huge one that comes once in a thousand years.<\/p>\n

    \"Shtat\u00eb
    \nDistribution of Bitcoin power among pools.     Burimi<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

    As you can see from the chart, there are about 20 large pools, and 4 of them control more than 50% of the total power. It is enough to knock on four doors and gain access to four controlling computers to have the opportunity to spend the same bitcoins more than once in the Bitcoin network. And as you can understand, this possibility somewhat devalues Bitcoin. And this task is quite achievable.<\/p>\n

    \"Shtat\u00eb
    \nDistribution of mining by countries.     Burimi<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

    But the threat is even more real. Most pools, along with their computing power, are concentrated in one country, which simplifies the potential takeover of Bitcoin.<\/p>\n

    Myth 6: Anonymity and transparency of the blockchain are good<\/h3>\n

    \nQuote #6: \u201cIn the era of blockchain, the traditional 'government 1.0' model is largely becoming outdated, and opportunities arise for a transition from inherited structures to more personalized forms of governance.\u201d<\/p>\n

    Blockchain is open, everyone can see everything. Thus, there is no anonymity in Bitcoin, it only has \"pseudonymity.\" For example, if a hacker demands a ransom to a wallet, then everyone understands that the wallet belongs to a bad actor. And since anyone can monitor transactions from this wallet, it won't be easy for the hacker to use the received bitcoins; as soon as their identity is revealed somewhere, they will be immediately arrested. Almost all exchanges require identification to convert bitcoins into regular money.<\/p>\n

    That's why criminals use something called a \"mixer.\" The mixer blends dirty money with a large amount of clean money, thus \"washing\" it. The criminal pays a hefty fee for this and risks greatly, as the mixer is either anonymous (and can run away with the money) or already under the control of someone influential (and can turn the evidence over to the authorities).<\/p>\n

    But let's leave the criminals' problems aside. What is wrong with pseudonymity for honest users? Here\u2019s a simple example: I send a bit of bitcoin to my mom. After that, she knows:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. How much money I have at any moment.<\/li>\n
    2. How much, and most importantly, what I spent it on over time. What I bought, what roulette I played, which politician I supported \"anonymously.\"<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \nOr if I repaid a debt to a friend for lemonade, then he now knows everything about my finances. Do you think this is trivial? How about everyone opening up their credit card financial history? Not just the past, but all future transactions as well.<\/p>\n

      If for individuals this might not be such a big deal (after all, some may want to be \"transparent\"), for companies it\u2019s deadly: all their counterparties, purchases, sales, clients, account volumes, and really everything \u2014 becomes public. Financial transparency is perhaps one of the biggest drawbacks of Bitcoin.<\/p>\n

      P\u00ebrfundimi<\/h3>\n

      \nQuote #7: \u201cIt is not excluded that blockchain technologies will become the upper economic layer of an organically connected world of diverse computing devices, including wearable computing devices and Internet of Things sensors.
      \nKam kam p\u00ebrmenda gjasht\u00eb pretendime kryesore ndaj Bitcoin-it dhe versionit t\u00eb tij t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb blockchain. Do t\u00eb pyesni, pse e m\u00ebsoni k\u00ebt\u00eb prej meje dhe jo m\u00eb par\u00eb nga dikush tjet\u00ebr? A nuk e sheh askush problemin?<\/p>\n

      Disa jan\u00eb t\u00eb verb\u00ebr, disa thjesht nuk e kuptojn\u00eb, si funksionon<\/a><\/noindex>, nd\u00ebrsa disa e shohin dhe e kuptojn\u00eb, por thjesht nuk kan\u00eb interes ta shkruajn\u00eb. Mendoni vet\u00eb, shum\u00eb nga ata q\u00eb blejn\u00eb bitcoin fillojn\u00eb ta reklamojn\u00eb dhe promovojn\u00eb at\u00eb. Nj\u00eb lloj piramide<\/a><\/noindex> del. Pse t\u00eb shkruash se teknologjit\u00eb kan\u00eb mang\u00ebsi, n\u00ebse ke shpresa p\u00ebr rritjen e \u00e7mimit?<\/p>\n

      Po, Bitcoin ka konkurrent\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqur t\u00eb zgjidhin disa nga k\u00ebto probleme. Edhe pse disa ide jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb mira, n\u00eb thelb mbetet blockchain-i. Po, ka edhe p\u00ebrdorime t\u00eb tjera, jo monetare, t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb blockchain, por mang\u00ebsit\u00eb ky\u00e7e t\u00eb blockchain-it ekzistojn\u00eb edhe aty.<\/p>\n

      Tani, n\u00ebse dikush ju thot\u00eb se shpikja e blockchain-it \u00ebsht\u00eb e krahasueshme me shpikjen e Internetit, merreni k\u00ebt\u00eb me nj\u00ebfar\u00eb skepticizmi.
      \n
      Burimi:       habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u2014 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u041c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u00ab\u041b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\u00bb \u041d\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u043b \u043c\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0447\u0435\u0439\u043d \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043e, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0432, \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0435. \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0448\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0432\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e. \u0423\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0447\u0435\u0439\u043d, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u0435 \u0411\u0438\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439\u043d. \u0421\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Gjasht\u00eb mite rreth blockchain-it dhe Bitcoin-it, ose Pse kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb teknologji aq efektive | ProHoster","description":"Autori i artikullit \u2014 Aleksei Malanov, ekspert i departamentit t\u00eb zhvillimit t\u00eb teknologjive antivirus n\u00eb \u00abLaboratorin Kaspersky\u00bb. 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