{"id":54865,"date":"2020-01-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-05T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/o-bezopasnosti-v-seti"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:55","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:55","slug":"o-bezopasnosti-v-seti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/o-bezopasnosti-v-seti","title":{"rendered":"P\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb n\u00eb rrjet","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"P\u00ebr<\/p>\n

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Ky kjo artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar disa vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, kur bllokimi i mesazhereve Telegram diskutohej aktivisht nga komuniteti dhe p\u00ebrmban mendimet e mia p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje. Edhe pse sot ky tem\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse e harruar, shpresoj se ndoshta kjo ende do t\u00eb jet\u00eb interesante p\u00ebr disa.<\/em><\/p>\n

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Ky tekst lindi si rezultat i mendimeve t\u00eb mia mbi sigurin\u00eb dixhitale, dhe kam pasur dyshime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00ebse duhej ta publikoj at\u00eb. Fatmir\u00ebsisht, ekziston nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i madh specialist\u00ebsh q\u00eb e kuptojn\u00eb sakt\u00ebsisht problemin, dhe atyre nuk mund t'u sjell asgj\u00eb t\u00eb re. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 tyre, ka edhe nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh publicist\u00ebsh dhe blogger\u00ebsh t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb gabohet, por me artikujt e tyre krijojn\u00eb nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe mitesh. <\/p>\n

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Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb sekret p\u00ebr ask\u00ebnd se koh\u00ebt e fundit n\u00eb aren\u00ebn dixhitale t\u00eb luft\u00ebs po ndodhin pasione t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Ne, sigurisht, e kemi fjal\u00ebn p\u00ebr nj\u00eb nga temat m\u00eb t\u00eb diskutueshme t\u00eb koh\u00ebs moderne ruse, pik\u00ebrisht bllokimin e mesazhereve Telegram.<\/p>\n

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Kund\u00ebrshtar\u00ebt e bllokimit, e paraqesin k\u00ebt\u00eb si nj\u00eb p\u00ebrballje nd\u00ebrmjet individit dhe shtetit, liris\u00eb s\u00eb fjal\u00ebs dhe kontrollit t\u00eb plot\u00eb mbi individin. Nd\u00ebrsa mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebsit, p\u00ebrkundrazi, udh\u00ebhiqen nga shqet\u00ebsime p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb publike dhe luft\u00ebn ndaj strukturave kriminale dhe terroriste.<\/p>\n

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Fillimisht le t\u00eb imagjinojm\u00eb se si funksionon mesazheri Telegram. Mund t\u00eb shkojm\u00eb n\u00eb faqen e tyre kryesore dhe t\u00eb lexojm\u00eb se si e pozicionojn\u00eb ata veten. Nj\u00eb nga avantazhet kryesore t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb k\u00ebtij zgjidhjeje do t\u00eb ishte theksi i vendosur mbi sigurin\u00eb e p\u00ebrdoruesit p\u00ebrfundimtar. Por \u00e7far\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptohet me k\u00ebt\u00eb?<\/p>\n

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Si n\u00eb shum\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb tjera publike, t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tuaja transmetohen n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb enkriptuar, por vet\u00ebm deri te qendrat servera<\/a>, ku ato q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb hapur dhe \u00e7do administrator, n\u00ebse e d\u00ebshiron fort, pa ndonj\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi do t\u00eb mund t'i shikoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha bisedat tuaja. Dyshoni? At\u00ebher\u00eb mendoni si \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar funksioni i sinkronizimit midis pajisjeve. N\u00ebse t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat jan\u00eb sekrete, si arrijn\u00eb ato n\u00eb nj\u00eb pajisje t\u00eb tret\u00eb? Sepse nuk ofroni asnj\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebs t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb klienti p\u00ebr dekodimin.<\/p>\n

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P\u00ebr shembull, si\u00e7 b\u00ebhet n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin e post\u00ebs ProtonMail, ku p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar me sh\u00ebrbimin ju nevojitet t\u00eb ofroni nj\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebs, i cili ruhet n\u00eb makin\u00ebn tuaj lokale dhe q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret nga shfletuesi p\u00ebr dekodimin e mesazheve n\u00eb kutin\u00eb tuaj postare.<\/p>\n

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Por asgj\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aq e thjesht\u00eb. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 bisedave t\u00eb zakonshme, ka edhe sekrete. K\u00ebtu biseda n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb zhvillohet vet\u00ebm midis dy pajisjeve dhe asnj\u00eb fjali p\u00ebr sinkronizim nuk konsiderohet. Kjo funksion \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion vet\u00ebm n\u00eb klient\u00ebt mobil, p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, capture-t e bised\u00ebs jan\u00eb t\u00eb bllokuara n\u00eb nivelin e aplikacionit, dhe biseda shkat\u00ebrrohet pas nj\u00eb kohe t\u00eb caktuar. Nga ana teknike, fluksi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave ende kalon p\u00ebrmes server\u00ebve qendror\u00eb, megjithat\u00eb nuk ruhet aty. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, ruajtja \u00ebsht\u00eb e pavler\u00eb, pasi vet\u00ebm klient\u00ebt kan\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsat e dekodimit, dhe trafiku i enkriptuar nuk ka ndonj\u00eb vler\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb.<\/p>\n

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Ky skem\u00eb do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb derisa klient\u00ebt dhe serveri ta zbatojn\u00eb at\u00eb me ndershm\u00ebri dhe derisa pajisja nuk ka lloje t\u00eb ndryshme programesh, pa dijenin\u00eb tuaj q\u00eb d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb pamje t\u00eb ekranit tuaj te pal\u00ebt e treta. Pra, ndoshta arsyeja p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb mosdashje p\u00ebr Telegram nga ana e organeve t\u00eb zbatimit t\u00eb ligjit duhet t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet n\u00eb bisedat sekrete? Pik\u00ebrisht k\u00ebtu, sipas mendimit tim, q\u00ebndron thelbi i keqkuptimit t\u00eb shumic\u00ebs s\u00eb njer\u00ebzve. Dhe ne nuk do t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb dot t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb arsye p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb moskuptim, derisa t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb enkriptimi n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi dhe nga k\u00eb do t\u00eb mbroj\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tuaja.<\/p>\n

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Imagjinoni se nj\u00eb keqb\u00ebr\u00ebs d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb nj\u00eb mesazh sekret miqve t\u00eb tij. Aq i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm saq\u00eb ia vlen t\u00eb merrni mundimin dhe t\u00eb jeni t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm. A \u00ebsht\u00eb Telegram nj\u00eb zgjedhje aq e mir\u00eb nga nj\u00eb specialist i siguris\u00eb informative? Jo, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb. Un\u00eb pohoj se p\u00ebrdorimi i ndonj\u00eb nga mesazher\u00ebt e njohur p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjedhja m\u00eb e keqe q\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebni.<\/p>\n

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Problemi kryesor \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi i sistemit t\u00eb mesazheve, ku bisedat tuaja do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohen fillimisht. Dhe madje n\u00ebse ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb mbrojtur mjaft mir\u00eb, vet\u00eb fakti i ekzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb saj mund t'ju kompromentoj\u00eb. Le t'i rikujtojm\u00eb se lidhja e klient\u00ebve ndodh ende p\u00ebrmes server\u00ebve qendror\u00eb dhe s\u00eb paku fakti i d\u00ebrgimit t\u00eb mesazhit midis dy p\u00ebrdoruesve akoma mund t\u00eb provohet. Prandaj, \u00ebsht\u00eb e paarsyeshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00ebsh post\u00ebn elektronike, medi p\u00ebr sociale dhe \u00e7do sh\u00ebrbim tjet\u00ebr publik.<\/p>\n

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Si ndryshe, si mund t\u00eb organizoni nj\u00eb komunikim q\u00eb plot\u00ebson t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebrkesat e siguris\u00eb? N\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebtij p\u00ebrmbledhjeje, do t\u00eb hedhim posht\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha metodat e paligjshme ose t\u00eb diskutueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar se ky detyr\u00eb mund t\u00eb zgjidhet ekskluzivisht brenda kuadrit ligjor. Nuk do t\u00eb nevojitet asnj\u00eb pajisje p\u00ebr spiunim, haking ose me p\u00ebrdorim t\u00eb ul\u00ebt.
\nPraktikisht t\u00eb gjitha mjetet jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e paket\u00ebs standard t\u00eb utiliteteve q\u00eb vijn\u00eb me \u00e7do sistem operativ GNU\/Linux, dhe ndalimi i tyre do t\u00eb thot\u00eb ndalimin e kompjuter\u00ebve si t\u00eb till\u00eb.<\/p>\n

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Rrjeti global i internetit \u00ebsht\u00eb si nj\u00eb rrjet gjigand i serverave, zakonisht duke p\u00ebrdorur sistemin operativ GNU\/Linux dhe rregullat p\u00ebr drejtimin e paketave mes k\u00ebtyre serverave. Shumica e k\u00ebtyre serverave nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb aksesuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb lidhje t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb, megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 tyre, ekzistojn\u00eb miliona servera me adresa plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb aksesueshme, q\u00eb sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve ne, duke kaluar nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe trafiku p\u00ebrmes tyre. Dhe komunikimi juaj mes gjith\u00eb k\u00ebtij kaosi nuk do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet nga askush, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00ebse ai nuk dallohet p\u00ebr asnj\u00eb arsye t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb.<\/p>\n

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Ata q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb organizojn\u00eb nj\u00eb kanal t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb komunikimi thjesht do t\u00eb blejn\u00eb nj\u00eb VPS (makin\u00eb virtuale n\u00eb re) nga nj\u00eb prej qindra lojtar\u00ebve t\u00eb pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb treg. \u00c7mimi i \u00e7\u00ebshtjes, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb shkosh n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim, \u00ebsht\u00eb disa dollar\u00eb n\u00eb muaj. Sigurisht, do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e pamundur ta b\u00ebni k\u00ebt\u00eb anonimisht, dhe n\u00eb \u00e7do rast, kjo makin\u00eb virtuale do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e lidhur me mjetin tuaj t\u00eb pages\u00ebs, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb edhe me identitetin tuaj. Megjithat\u00eb, shumica e hosteve nuk shqet\u00ebsohen p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb ju filloni n\u00eb harduerin e tyre, p\u00ebrvec n\u00ebse nuk e tejkaloni kufijt\u00eb baz\u00eb, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb sasia e trafikut t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb ose lidhjet n\u00eb portin 23.<\/p>\n

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Megjithat\u00eb, ndon\u00ebse kjo mund\u00ebsi ekziston, thjesht nuk ia vlen t'i shpenzosh ata disa dollar\u00eb q\u00eb ke fituar nga ju p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbik\u00ebqyrur ju.
\nMegjithat\u00eb, edhe n\u00ebse ai d\u00ebshiron ose \u00ebsht\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, ai s\u00eb pari duhet t\u00eb kuptoj\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb lloj softueri p\u00ebrdorni konkretisht dhe, duke u bazuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb njohuri, t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn e v\u00ebzhgimit. Kjo nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb manualisht, por automatizimi i k\u00ebtij procesi do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb shum\u00eb e komplikuar. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, ruajtja e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb trafikut q\u00eb kalon n\u00ebp\u00ebr serverin tuaj do t\u00eb ishte ekonomikisht e pamundur, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 n\u00ebse nuk ndiheni m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e perspektiv\u00ebs s\u00eb strukturave p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb.<\/p>\n

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Hapi tjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb jet\u00eb krijimi i nj\u00eb kanali t\u00eb sigurt p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb prej m\u00ebnyrave q\u00eb ekzistojn\u00eb. <\/p>\n

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