{"id":54987,"date":"2020-01-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-08T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/istio-circuit-breaker-otklyuchaem-neispravnye-kontejnery"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:03:03","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:03:03","slug":"istio-circuit-breaker-otklyuchaem-neispravnye-kontejnery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/istio-circuit-breaker-otklyuchaem-neispravnye-kontejnery","title":{"rendered":"Istio Circuit Breaker: \u00e7aktivizoni kontejner\u00ebt e prishur","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Festat p\u00ebrfunduan, dhe ne kthehemi me postimin ton\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00eb nga seria mbi Istio Service Mesh.<\/p>\n

\"Istio
\n
\nTema e sotme \u00ebsht\u00eb Circuit Breaker, q\u00eb n\u00eb shqip do t\u00eb thot\u00eb \"nd\u00ebrprer\u00ebs elektrik\"; n\u00eb folken e zakonshme \u2013 \"automati i mbrojtjes\". Por n\u00eb Istio, ky automat ndalon jo nj\u00eb qark t\u00eb shkurtuar apo t\u00eb ngarkuar, por konteiner\u00eb t\u00eb prishur.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Si duhet t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb ideale<\/h3>\n

\nKur mikrosh\u00ebrbimet menaxhohen nga Kubernetes, p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb platform\u00ebs OpenShift, ato automatizohen n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs. Duke qen\u00eb se mikrosh\u00ebrbimet punojn\u00eb n\u00eb pod, n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb fundore mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb disa ekzemplar\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb mikrosh\u00ebrbimi t\u00eb kontenierizuar, dhe Kubernetes do t\u00eb rregulloj\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat dhe do t\u00eb balancoj\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebn mes tyre. Dhe \u2013 n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb ideale \u2013 t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto duhet t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb perfekt.<\/p>\n

Ne e dim\u00eb se mikrosh\u00ebrbimet jan\u00eb t\u00eb vogla dhe efemere. Efem\u00ebrsia, q\u00eb k\u00ebtu do t\u00eb thot\u00eb thjesht\u00ebsin\u00eb e lindjes dhe zhdukjes, shpesh n\u00ebnvler\u00ebsohet. Lindja dhe vdekja e nj\u00eb ekzemplari t\u00eb mikrosh\u00ebrbimit n\u00eb pod \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka e pritshme, OpenShift dhe Kubernetes e b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mjaft mir\u00eb, dhe gjith\u00e7ka funksionon n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer \u2013 por p\u00ebrs\u00ebri, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb teori.<\/p>\n

Si funksionon n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb<\/h3>\n

\nTani imagjinoni se nj\u00eb ekzemplar i caktuar i mikrosh\u00ebrbimit, pra nj\u00eb kontenier, ka shkuar n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatshme: ose nuk p\u00ebrgjigjet (gabimi 503), ose \u2013 q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb keq \u2013 reagon, por shum\u00eb ngadal\u00eb. N\u00eb fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, ai ka probleme ose nuk p\u00ebrgjigjet n\u00eb k\u00ebrkesa, por nuk p\u00ebrjashtohet automatikisht nga grupi. \u00c7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast? T\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebrisim p\u00ebrpjekjen? Ta heqim nga skema e rrug\u00ebzim? Dhe \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb \"shum\u00eb ngadal\u00eb\" \u2013 sa \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo n\u00eb numra, dhe kush i p\u00ebrcakton? Ndoshta thjesht t'i japim nj\u00eb pushim dhe t\u00eb provoni p\u00ebrs\u00ebri m\u00eb von\u00eb? Po, sa von\u00eb?<\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb Pool Ejection n\u00eb Istio<\/h3>\n

\nDhe k\u00ebtu ndihmon Istio me automatet e tij t\u00eb mbrojtjes Circuit Breaker, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht largojn\u00eb konteiner\u00ebt e prishur nga grupi i burimeve t\u00eb rrug\u00ebzimit dhe balancimit t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs, duke realizuar procedur\u00ebn e Pool Ejection.<\/p>\n

Duke p\u00ebrdorur strategjin\u00eb e zbulimit t\u00eb devijimeve (outlier detection), Istio detekton pod-et anormale q\u00eb jan\u00eb jasht\u00eb norm\u00ebs dhe i heq ato nga grupi i burimeve p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar, q\u00eb quhet \"dritarja e gjumit\" (sleep window). <\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar si funksionon kjo n\u00eb Kubernetes n\u00eb platform\u00ebn OpenShift, fillojm\u00eb me nj\u00eb kapje ekran t\u00eb mikrosh\u00ebrbimeve q\u00eb punojn\u00eb normalisht nga shembulli n\u00eb depo Red Hat Developer Demos<\/a><\/noindex>. K\u00ebtu kemi dy pod-e, v1 dhe v2, n\u00eb secilin prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve punon nj\u00eb kontenier. Kur rregullat e rrug\u00ebzimit Istio nuk p\u00ebrdoren, Kubernetes si parazgjedhje aplikon rrug\u00ebzim ciklik me balancim t\u00eb barabart\u00eb:<\/p>\n

\"Istio<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgatitemi p\u00ebr d\u00ebshtim<\/h3>\n

\nPara se t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb Pool Ejection, duhet t\u00eb krijojm\u00eb nj\u00eb rregull rrug\u00ebzimi Istio. Le t\u00eb themi se duam t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndajm\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat mes pod-eve n\u00eb nj\u00eb raport 50\/50. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, do t\u00eb rrisim numrin e konteiner\u00ebve v2 nga nj\u00eb n\u00eb dy, k\u00ebshtu:<\/p>\n

oc scale deployment recommendation-v2 --replicas=2 -n tutorial\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nTani caktojm\u00eb nj\u00eb rregull rrug\u00ebzimi, q\u00eb trafiku t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahet mes pod-eve n\u00eb nj\u00eb raport 50\/50.<\/p>\n
\"Istio
\nJa si duket rezultati i pun\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebtij rregulli:<\/p>\n
\"Istio
\nMund t\u00eb flitet se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb skrin nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb 50\/50, por 14:9, por me kalimin e koh\u00ebs situata do t\u00eb rregullohet.<\/p>\n
Shkaktojm\u00eb d\u00ebshtim<\/h3>\n
\nTani do ta \u00e7ojm\u00eb jasht\u00eb funksioni nj\u00eb nga dy konteiner\u00ebt v2, q\u00eb t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb konteiner t\u00eb sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb v1, nj\u00eb konteiner t\u00eb sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb v2 dhe nj\u00eb konteiner t\u00eb prishur v2: <\/p>\n
\"Istio<\/p>\n
Rregullojm\u00eb d\u00ebshtimin<\/h3>\n
\nPra, kemi nj\u00eb konteiner t\u00eb prishur, dhe ka ardhur koha p\u00ebr Pool Ejection. Me nj\u00eb konfigurim shum\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb, do ta p\u00ebrjashtojm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb konteiner t\u00eb prishur nga \u00e7do skem\u00eb rrug\u00ebzimi p\u00ebr 15 sekonda me shpres\u00ebn se ai do t\u00eb kthehet n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb (ose do t\u00eb rinisin, ose do t\u00eb rikthej\u00eb performanc\u00ebn). K\u00ebshtu duket ky konfigurim dhe rezultatet e tij:<\/p>\n
\"Istio
\n\"Istio
\nSi\u00e7 duket, konteineri i prishur v2 nuk p\u00ebrdoret m\u00eb p\u00ebr rrug\u00ebzimin e k\u00ebrkesave, pasi u hoq nga grupi. Por pas 15 sekondash, ai do t\u00eb kthehet automatikisht n\u00eb grup. N\u00eb fakt, sapo treguam se si funksionon Pool Ejection.<\/p>\n
Fillojm\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtojm\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn<\/h3>\n
\nPool Ejection n\u00eb kombinim me mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e monitorimit t\u00eb Istio lejon t\u00eb fillojm\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e nj\u00eb kornize p\u00ebr z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimin automatik t\u00eb konteiner\u00ebve t\u00eb prishur, p\u00ebr t\u00eb minimizuar, madje edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb eliminuar, ndalesat dhe d\u00ebshtimet.
\n\u2003
\nNASA ka nj\u00eb slogan t\u00eb njohur \u2013 D\u00ebshtimi Nuk \u00cbsht\u00eb Nj\u00eb Opcioni, autori i t\u00eb cilit \u00ebsht\u00eb kreu i fluturimeve Gene Kranz<\/a><\/noindex>. N\u00eb rusisht mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthehet si \"D\u00ebshtimi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi\", dhe thelbi k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb se gjith\u00e7ka mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet funksionale duke pasur mjaft vullnet. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb jet\u00ebn reale, d\u00ebshtimet nuk ndodhin vet\u00ebm, ato jan\u00eb t\u00eb pashmangshme, kudo dhe n\u00eb \u00e7do gj\u00eb. Si mund t'i p\u00ebrballojm\u00eb ato n\u00eb rastin e mikrosherbimeve? Sipas mendimit ton\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetemi n\u00eb mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e kontejner\u00ebve, Kubernetes<\/a><\/noindex>, Red Hat OpenShift<\/a><\/noindex>, dhe Istio<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
Istio, si\u00e7 e kemi p\u00ebrmendur m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, implementon nj\u00eb koncept t\u00eb njohur n\u00eb bot\u00ebn fizike t\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuesve automatik\u00eb. Ashtu si\u00e7 nj\u00eb \u00e7aktivizues elektrik fik nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb problematike t\u00eb qarkut, ashtu edhe CuCircuit Breaker n\u00eb Istio nd\u00ebrpret lidhjen mes rrjedh\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave dhe kontejnerit problematik, kur di\u00e7ka nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rregull me pik\u00ebn finale, p\u00ebr shembull, kur serveri ka r\u00ebn\u00eb ose ka filluar t\u00eb ngadal\u00ebsohet.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb rastin e dyt\u00eb, problemet vet\u00ebm sa shtohen, sepse ngadal\u00ebsimi i nj\u00eb kontejneri jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb shkakton nj\u00eb kaskad\u00eb t\u00eb vonesave n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet q\u00eb i drejtohen, duke rezultuar k\u00ebshtu n\u00eb uljen e produktivitetit t\u00eb sistemit n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, por gjithashtu krijon k\u00ebrkesa t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritura p\u00ebr nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim q\u00eb tashm\u00eb po punon ngadal\u00eb, \u00e7ka vet\u00ebm e p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebson situat\u00ebn.<\/p>\n
Circuit Breaker n\u00eb teori<\/h3>\n
\nCircuit Breaker \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb proxy q\u00eb kontrollon rrjedh\u00ebn e k\u00ebrkesave n\u00eb pik\u00ebn finale. Kur kjo pik\u00eb ndalon s\u00eb funksionuari ose \u2013 sipas disa parametrave t\u00eb caktuar \u2013 fillon t\u00eb ngadal\u00ebsohet, proxy nd\u00ebrpret lidhjen me kontejnerin. Trafiku pas k\u00ebsaj drejtohet n\u00eb kontejner\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, thjesht p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb balancimit t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs. Lidhja mbetet e hapur (open) p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar kohe, thoni, dy minuta, dhe pastaj konsiderohet gjysm\u00eb e hapur (half-open). P\u00ebrpjekja p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e ardhshme p\u00ebrcakton gjendjen e m\u00ebtejshme t\u00eb lidhjes. N\u00ebse gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rregull me sh\u00ebrbimin, lidhja rikthehet n\u00eb gjendjen funksionale dhe b\u00ebhet s\u00ebrish e mbyllur (closed). Por n\u00ebse me sh\u00ebrbimin vazhdon t\u00eb ket\u00eb probleme, lidhja nd\u00ebrpritet dhe rikthehet n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e pritjes. K\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb diagram i thjeshtuar i ndryshimeve t\u00eb gjendjeve t\u00eb Circuit Breaker:<\/p>\n
\"Istio
\n\u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb theksohet se e gjith\u00eb kjo ndodh n\u00eb nivelin, p\u00ebr th\u00ebn\u00eb, t\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs s\u00eb sistemit. Prandaj, n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment, do t'ju duhet t'i m\u00ebsoni aplikacionet tuaja t\u00eb punojn\u00eb me Circuit Breaker, p\u00ebr shembull, t\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb nj\u00eb vler\u00eb t\u00eb paracaktuar si p\u00ebrgjigje ose, n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur, t\u00eb injorojn\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebn e sh\u00ebrbimit. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret modeli bulkhead, por ai kalon p\u00ebrtej k\u00ebsaj arti.<\/p>\n
Circuit Breaker n\u00eb praktik\u00eb<\/h3>\n
\nSi shembull, ne do t\u00eb nisim n\u00eb OpenShift dy versione t\u00eb mikrosherbimit ton\u00eb t\u00eb rekomandimeve. Versioni 1 do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb normalisht, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb v2 do t\u00eb integrojm\u00eb nj\u00eb vones\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb simuluar ngadal\u00ebsime n\u00eb server. P\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb rezultatet p\u00ebrdoret mjeti siege<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n
siege -r 2 -c 20 -v customer-tutorial.$(minishift ip).nip.io\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\"Istio
\nE gjith\u00eb kjo duket se funksionon, por me \u00e7'm\u00ebnyr\u00eb? N\u00eb pamje t\u00eb par\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb disponueshm\u00ebri 100%, por shikoni m\u00eb af\u00ebr \u2013 koha maksimale e transaksionit arrin deri n\u00eb 12 sekonda. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb ngushtic\u00eb e dukshme dhe duhet t\u00eb zgjerohet.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, ne do t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtojm\u00eb thirrjet n\u00eb kontejner\u00ebt e ngadalsh\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes Istio. Ja si duket konfigurimi p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs me p\u00ebrdorimin e Circuit Breaker:<\/p>\n
\"Istio
\nRreshti i fundit me parametrin httpMaxRequestsPerConnection sinjalizon se lidhja duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpritet n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjen p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb lidhje \u2013 nj\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00eb \u2013 p\u00ebrve\u00e7 asaj q\u00eb tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb. Duke qen\u00eb se kontejneri yn\u00eb simuluar sh\u00ebrbimin e ngadalt\u00eb, situata t\u00eb tilla do t\u00eb ndodhin her\u00eb pas here, dhe at\u00ebher\u00eb Istio do t\u00eb kthej\u00eb nj\u00eb gabim 503, nd\u00ebrsa ja \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb siege:<\/p>\n
\"Istio<\/p>\n
N\u00eb rregull, ne kemi Circuit Breaker, \u00e7far\u00eb m\u00eb pas?<\/h3>\n
\nPra, ne kemi implementuar \u00e7aktivizimin automatik, pa ndikuar n\u00eb kodin burimor t\u00eb vet\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve. Duke p\u00ebrdorur Circuit Breaker dhe procedur\u00ebn e p\u00ebrmendur m\u00eb sip\u00ebr t\u00eb Pool Ejection, ne mund t\u00eb heqim nga pool-i i burimeve kontejner\u00ebt ngadal\u00ebsues derisa ata t\u00eb rikthehen n\u00eb norma dhe t\u00eb kontrollojm\u00eb gjendjen e tyre me nj\u00eb frekuenc\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar \u2013 n\u00eb shembullin ton\u00eb, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb dy minuta (parametri sleepWindow).<\/p>\n
Vini re se aft\u00ebsia e aplikacionit p\u00ebr t'u p\u00ebrgjigjur ndaj gabimit 503 p\u00ebrs\u00ebri vendoset n\u00eb nivelin e kodit t\u00eb tij burimor. Ekzistojn\u00eb shum\u00eb strategji p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar me Circuit Breaker, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrdoren var\u00ebsisht nga situata.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb postimin e ardhsh\u00ebm:<\/b> do t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr gjurmimin dhe monitorimin, t\u00eb cilat tashm\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb integruara ose leht\u00eb mund t\u00eb shtohen n\u00eb Istio, si dhe sesi t\u00eb futni gabime n\u00eb sistem me q\u00ebllim.
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u0438 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e Istio Service Mesh. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0448\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u2013 Circuit Breaker, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u00bb, \u0432 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