{"id":55702,"date":"2020-01-26T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-25T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/kto-i-pochemu-hochet-sdelat-internet-obshhim"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:03:50","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:03:50","slug":"kto-i-pochemu-hochet-sdelat-internet-obshhim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/kto-i-pochemu-hochet-sdelat-internet-obshhim","title":{"rendered":"Kush dhe pse d\u00ebshiron ta b\u00ebj\u00eb internetin 't\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt'","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c7\u00ebshtjet e siguris\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave personale, rrjedhjes s\u00eb tyre dhe \"pushtetit\" n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb korporatave t\u00eb m\u00ebdha IT shqet\u00ebsojn\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrdoruesit e zakonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb rrjetit, por edhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e partive t\u00eb ndryshme politike. Disa prej tyre, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebsit e l\u00ebvizjeve t\u00eb majta, propozojn\u00eb qasje radikale \u2014 nga nacionalizimi i internetit deri n\u00eb kthimin e gjigant\u00ebve teknologjik\u00eb n\u00eb kooperativa. Rreth hapat real\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim q\u00eb \u201cndryshime t\u00eb kund\u00ebrta\u201d<\/b> po nd\u00ebrmerren n\u00eb disa vende \u2014 n\u00eb materialin ton\u00eb t\u00eb sot\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

\"Kush<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\nFoto \u2014 Juri Noga<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, problemi<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00eb dy dekadat e fundit, n\u00eb tregun IT jan\u00eb formuar lider\u00eb t\u00eb pakontestuesh\u00ebm \u2014 kompani, emrat e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve tashm\u00eb jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb emra t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm, dhe z\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb madhe (ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb dominuese) n\u00eb disa segmente t\u00eb fush\u00ebs IT. Google i takon<\/a><\/noindex> merr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 90% t\u00eb tregut t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit, nd\u00ebrsa shfletuesi Chrome instaluar<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb kompjuter\u00ebt e 56% t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve. Situata me Microsoft \u00ebsht\u00eb e ngjashme \u2014 rreth 65% e kompanive n\u00eb rajonin ekonomik EMEA (Evrop\u00eb, Lindja e Mesme dhe Afrika) punojn\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> kan\u00eb paket\u00ebn Office 365.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb sken\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb ka avantazhet e veta. Kompanit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha krijojn\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh vendesh pune \u2014 si\u00e7 raporton raporton<\/a><\/noindex> CNBC, nga viti 2000 deri n\u00eb vitin 2018 Facebook, Alphabet, Microsoft, Apple dhe Amazon pun\u00ebsuan m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb milion punonj\u00ebs t\u00eb rinj. K\u00ebto biznese akumullojn\u00eb mjaft burime, q\u00eb p\u00ebrve\u00e7 aktiviteteve kryesore t\u00eb kryejn\u00eb hulumtime dhe zhvillime n\u00eb fusha t\u00eb reja, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb me rrezik t\u00eb lart\u00eb. M\u00eb tej, kompanit\u00eb formojn\u00eb dhe ekosistemin e tyre, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb cilit p\u00ebrdoruesit zgjidhin nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb problemesh \u2014 blejn\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha produktet e nevojshme, nga ushqimi deri te teknologjia, n\u00eb Amazon. Sipas parashikimeve t\u00eb analist\u00ebve, deri n\u00eb vitin 2021 ajo do t\u00eb z\u00ebr\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> gjysm\u00ebn e tregut amerikan t\u00eb e-commerce.<\/p>\n

Prania e gigant\u00ebve IT n\u00eb treg \u00ebsht\u00eb e favorshme edhe p\u00ebr lojtar\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb \u2014 investitor\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt fitojn\u00eb n\u00eb tregun aksionar: aksionet e tyre, zakonisht jan\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme dhe sjellin nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhur t\u00eb stabilizuar. P\u00ebr shembull, kur n\u00eb vitin 2018 Microsoft konfirmoi q\u00ebllimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb bler\u00eb GitHub, aksionet e saj u rrit\u00ebn menj\u00ebher\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> me 1.27%.<\/p>\n

\"Kush
\nFoto \u2014 Horst Gutmann<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 CC BY-SA<\/i><\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, ndikimi n\u00eb rritje i bizneseve m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha IT ngre shqet\u00ebsime. Problemi kryesor \u00ebsht\u00eb se k\u00ebto kompani aggregojn\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash personale. Sot ato jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb mall dhe p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime t\u00eb ndryshme \u2014 nga sistemet e avancuara t\u00eb analiz\u00ebs prediktive deri te reklamimi i thjesht\u00eb i targetuar. Aggregimi i sasis\u00eb s\u00eb madhe t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb duar e nj\u00eb kompanie krijon nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb rreziqesh p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt dhe disa v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi p\u00ebr rregullatorin.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vjesht\u00ebn e vitit 2017 u b\u00eb e ditur<\/a><\/noindex> u raportua p\u00ebr \"rrjedhjen\" e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb 3 miliard llogarive n\u00eb Tumblr, Fantasy dhe Flickr, q\u00eb i takojn\u00eb Yahoo! Shuma totale e kompensimit q\u00eb kompania u detyrua t\u00eb paguaj\u00eb, ka qen\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> ishte 50 milion dollar\u00eb. Dhe n\u00eb dhjetor 2019, ekspert\u00ebt e siguris\u00eb s\u00eb informacionit u zbuluan<\/a><\/noindex> gjet\u00ebn n\u00eb rrjet nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash me emrat, numrat e telefonit dhe identifikator\u00ebt e 267 milion p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb Facebook.<\/p>\n

Situata shqet\u00ebson jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrdoruesit e vet\u00eb, por edhe qeverit\u00eb e disa shteteve \u2014 kryesisht sepse ata nuk mund t\u00eb kontrollojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat q\u00eb grumbullojn\u00eb kompanit\u00eb IT. Kjo, sipas disa politik\u00ebve, \"krijon nj\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare\".<\/p>\n

\"Kush
\nFoto \u2014 Guilherme Cunha<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 CC BY-SA<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u00eb Per\u00ebndim, zgjidhja radikale e problemit vjen nga mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebsit e l\u00ebvizjeve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb majta dhe t\u00eb majta-radikale. Nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, ata propozojn\u00eb q\u00eb kompanit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha IT t\u00eb b\u00ebhen struktura private-shtet\u00ebrore ose kooperativa, dhe interneti global t\u00eb konsiderohet si nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim q\u00eb do t\u00eb mbikqyr\u00ebt nga qeveria (ashtu si burimet e tjera territoriale). Logjika e arsyetimit t\u00eb majt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se n\u00ebse sh\u00ebrbimet online nuk do t\u00eb konsiderohen m\u00eb \"t\u00eb arta\", dhe n\u00ebse ato do t\u00eb trajtohen si sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb tjera publike, nxitja p\u00ebr t\u00eb \"shfryt\u00ebzuar\" t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat personale t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve do t\u00eb zvog\u00eblohet. Dhe p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr fillimit t\u00eb duksh\u00ebm fantastik, l\u00ebvizja drejt nj\u00eb \"internetit t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt\" n\u00eb disa vende ka filluar tashm\u00eb<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Infrastruktura \u2014 p\u00ebr popullin<\/h2>\n

\nDisa shtete tashm\u00eb kan\u00eb ligje<\/a><\/noindex>, q\u00eb siguruan t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr akses n\u00eb internet si t\u00eb drejt\u00eb bazike. N\u00eb Spanj\u00eb, qasja n\u00eb rrjetin global konsiderohet nj\u00ebsoj si telefonia. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se \u00e7do qytetar i vendit duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t'u lidhur me internetin pa marr\u00eb parasysh vendndodhjen e tij. N\u00eb Greqi, kjo e drejt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e garantuar edhe n\u00eb nivelin e kushtetut\u00ebs<\/a><\/noindex> (neni 5A).<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb shembull tjet\u00ebr \u2014 q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2000 Estonin\u00eb ka nisur nj\u00eb program<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr t\u00eb sjell\u00eb internet n\u00eb rajonet e larg\u00ebta t\u00eb vendit \u2014 fshatra dhe fermer\u00eb. Sipas politik\u00ebb\u00ebr\u00ebsve, rrjeti global \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e pandashme e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb njeriut n\u00eb shekullin XXI dhe duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb e aksesueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n\"Kush
\nFoto \u2014 Josue Valencia<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Duke marr\u00eb parasysh r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb internetit \u2014 rolin q\u00eb ai luan p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushur nevojat themelore t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve \u2014 p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e majt\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb at\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00ebfar\u00eb m\u00ebnyre falas, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb televizoni. M\u00eb her\u00ebt k\u00ebt\u00eb vit, Partia Laboriste e Britanis\u00eb aktivizoi<\/a><\/noindex> e p\u00ebrfshiu nj\u00eb plan p\u00ebr kalimin masiv n\u00eb internetin e lir\u00eb me fibra optike n\u00eb programin e saj t\u00eb fushat\u00ebs. Sipas llogaritjeve paraprake, projekti do t\u00eb kushtoj\u00eb 20 miliard\u00eb paund. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, financat p\u00ebr realizimin e tij planifikohen t\u00eb mblidhen p\u00ebrmes taksave shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr gjigant\u00ebt e internetit si Facebook dhe Google.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb disa qytete amerikane, ofruesit e internetit jan\u00eb n\u00eb pron\u00ebsi t\u00eb autoriteteve lokale dhe kooperativave. N\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb vendin, rreth 900\u30b3\u30df\u01d6n kan\u00eb krijuar<\/a><\/noindex> rrjetet e tyre t\u00eb gjera \u2014 atje, qasje n\u00eb internet me shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shtresat e popullsis\u00eb pa p\u00ebrjashtim. M\u00eb i njohuri shembull<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb qyteti Chattanooga n\u00eb shtetin Tennessee. N\u00eb vitin 2010, me mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb nj\u00eb granti federal, autoritetet nis\u00ebn nj\u00eb rrjet gigabit p\u00ebr banor\u00ebt. Sot, kapaciteti i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur n\u00eb dhjet\u00eb gigabit. Fibra e re \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu e lidhur me sistemin energjetik t\u00eb Chattanooga, gj\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se banor\u00ebt e qytetit nuk kan\u00eb m\u00eb nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb dorazi leximet e mat\u00ebsve t\u00eb energjis\u00eb. Ekspert\u00ebt thon\u00eb se rrjeti i ri ndihmon q\u00eb t\u00eb kursehen deri n\u00eb 50 milion dollar\u00eb nga buxheti \u00e7do vit.<\/p>\n

Projekte t\u00eb ngjashme jan\u00eb realizuar n\u00eb qytete m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla<\/a><\/noindex> p.sh., n\u00eb Thomasville, si dhe n\u00eb zonat rurale \u2014 pjesa jugore e Minnesota. Aty, ofrimi i internetit \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebn p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsin\u00eb e ofruesit RS Fiber, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb pron\u00ebsi t\u00eb nj\u00eb kooperative nga dhjet\u00eb qytete dhe pes\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb fermave.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nIde t\u00eb ngjashme me ato t\u00eb socialist\u00ebve her\u00eb pas here p\u00ebrmenden dhe n\u00eb maj\u00ebn e qeveris\u00eb amerikane. N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit 2018, administrata e Donald Trump propozoi ta b\u00ebnte<\/a><\/noindex> rrjetin 5G pron\u00eb shtet\u00ebrore. Sipas iniciator\u00ebve, ky qasje do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb zhvillimin m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs s\u00eb vendit, do t\u00eb rris\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e saj ndaj sulmeve kibernetike dhe do t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoj\u00eb cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb popullsis\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb kaluar u vendos t\u00eb hiqet dor\u00eb nga ideja e nacionalizimit t\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs . Por egziston mund\u00ebsia q\u00eb ky \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb rihapet n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/a><\/noindex>Qasja e lir\u00eb, e p\u00ebrballueshme ose madje krejt e lir\u00eb n\u00eb internet \u2014 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb perspektiv\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse, q\u00eb nuk ka dyshim se nuk do t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb pak\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi tek askush. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 harduerit dhe infrastruktur\u00ebs, komponent\u00ebt e softuerit dhe aplikacioneve mbeten t\u00eb pandashme t\u00eb rrjetit. N\u00eb lidhje me at\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me to, disa p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjeve socialistike dhe t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb majta kan\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb opinion t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb \u2014 do t\u00eb flasim m\u00eb n\u00eb detaje p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb n\u00eb materialin e ardhsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Qashtja e internetit e p\u00ebrballueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb, e lir\u00eb ose madje falas \u2014 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb perspektiv\u00eb er\u00ebnuar q\u00eb sigurisht nuk do t\u00eb ngjall\u00eb asnj\u00eb k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrim negativ. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 pajisjeve dhe infrastruktur\u00ebs, softueri dhe aplikacionet mbeten nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e pandashme e rrjetit. N\u00eb lidhje me at\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb duhet b\u00ebr\u00eb me to, disa p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjeve socialiste dhe t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb majta gjithashtu kan\u00eb mendime t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta \u2014 m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb do t\u00eb flasim n\u00eb materialin e ardhsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

\"KushN\u00eb faqen 1cloud.ru<\/a><\/noindex> ne po mbajm\u00eb nj\u00eb blog korporatash<\/a><\/noindex>. Atje flasim p\u00ebr teknologjit\u00eb cloud, IaaS dhe sigurin\u00eb e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave personale.
\n\"KushPo ashtu, kemi nj\u00eb seksion \"Lajmet<\/a><\/noindex>\". Atje, ne informojm\u00eb p\u00ebr risit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit ton\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kemi n\u00eb Habra (me nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh komentesh p\u00ebr materialet):<\/p>\n