{"id":55800,"date":"2020-01-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-28T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/ekonomim-na-litsenziyah-mikrotik-chr"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:03:57","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:03:57","slug":"ekonomim-na-litsenziyah-mikrotik-chr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/ekonomim-na-litsenziyah-mikrotik-chr","title":{"rendered":"Kursejm\u00eb n\u00eb licencat Mikrotik CHR.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00eb chatin e Telegramit @router_os<\/a><\/noindex> shum\u00eb her\u00eb shoh pyetje rreth m\u00ebnyrave p\u00ebr t\u00eb kursyer n\u00eb blerjen e licenc\u00ebs nga Mikrotik, ose si t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni RouterOS, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, falas. Si\u00e7 duket \u00e7udit\u00ebrisht, ekzistojn\u00eb m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb tilla brenda kuadrit ligjor.<\/p>\n

\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\n\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\nN\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull nuk do t\u00eb flas p\u00ebr licencimin e pajisjeve harduerike Mikrotik, pasi ato kan\u00eb licenc\u00ebn maksimale t\u00eb instaluar nga fabrika, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn mund ta mbaj\u00eb hardueri.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Nga erdhi Mikrotik CHR?<\/h2>\n

\nKompania Mikrotik prodhon pajisje t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr rrjet dhe vendos nj\u00eb sistem operativ universal t\u00eb prodhimit t\u00eb saj \u2014 RouterOS. Ky sistem operativ ka nj\u00eb funksionalitet t\u00eb madh dhe nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe administrimi t\u00eb kuptueshme, nd\u00ebrsa pajisjet n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrdoret jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrballueshme, gj\u00eb q\u00eb shpjegon p\u00ebrhapjen e saj t\u00eb gjer\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur RouterOS jasht\u00eb pajisjeve t\u00eb tyre, kompania Mikrotik nxori nj\u00eb version x86, i cili mund t\u00eb instalonte n\u00eb \u00e7do PC, duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb jet\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00eb harduerit t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr. Por licenca ishte e lidhur me numrat harduerik\u00eb t\u00eb pajisjes n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin instaloheshin. Pra, n\u00ebse HDD d\u00ebshtonte, mund t\u00eb thoshte lamtumir\u00eb edhe licenc\u00ebs...<\/p>\n

Licencimi <\/a><\/noindex> pajisjet dhe RouterOS x86 kan\u00eb 6 nivele dhe p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe parametrash:<\/p>\n

\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\nVersioni x86 kishte nj\u00eb problem tjet\u00ebr \u2014 nuk ishte shum\u00eb miq\u00ebsor me hipervizor\u00ebt si nj\u00eb sistem mysafir. Por n\u00ebse nuk priteshin ngarkesa t\u00eb larta, ishte nj\u00eb version i pranuesh\u00ebm.
\nRouterOS x86 legale mund t\u00eb funksiononte plot\u00ebsisht vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr 24 or\u00eb n\u00eb prov\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa versioni falas kishte shum\u00eb kufizime. Asnj\u00eb administrator sistemi nuk do t\u00eb ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb vler\u00ebsonte plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb gjith\u00eb funksionalitetin e RouterOS brenda 24 or\u00ebve...<\/p>\n

Nga burime pirate mund t\u00eb shkarkohej leht\u00ebsisht nj\u00eb imazh t\u00eb makin\u00ebs virtuale me RouterOS x86 t\u00eb instaluar, natyrisht me problemet e tij, por p\u00ebr mua, p\u00ebr shembull, kjo ishte e mjaftueshme.<\/p>\n

\"N\u00ebse nuk mund ta mund\u00ebsh turm\u00ebn \u2014 udh\u00ebheqi at\u00eb\"<\/h2>\n

\nMe kalimin e koh\u00ebs, menaxhimi i men\u00e7ur i kompanis\u00eb Mikrotik vendosi se ishte e pamundur t\u00eb luftohej me piraterin\u00eb dhe duhej t\u00eb b\u00ebnte t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatshme vjedhjen e sistemit t\u00eb tyre operativ. <\/p>\n

K\u00ebshtu lindi nj\u00eb deg\u00eb e RouterOS \u2014 \"Cloud Hosted Router\", e njohur gjithashtu si CHR<\/a><\/noindex>. Ky sistem \u00ebsht\u00eb optimizuar sakt\u00ebsisht p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn n\u00eb sistemet e virtualizimit. Mund t\u00eb shkarkohet imazhi p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha platformat e zakonshme t\u00eb virtualizimit: imazhi VHDX, imazhi VMDK, imazhi VDI, template OVA, imazhi i diskut t\u00eb pap\u00ebrpunuar. Disku i fundit virtual mund t\u00eb zhvillohet pothuajse n\u00eb \u00e7do platform\u00eb. <\/p>\n

Po ashtu, ndryshoi sistemi i licencimit:<\/p>\n

\"Kursejm\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Kufizimi lidhet vet\u00ebm me shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e porteve rrjet. N\u00eb versionin falas, shpejt\u00ebsia \u00ebsht\u00eb 1 Mbit\/s, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb e mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngritur standet virtuale (p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb EVE-NG<\/a><\/noindex>)<\/p>\n

Versioni i paguar n\u00eb sitin zyrtar \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i shtrenjt\u00eb, por te distributor\u00ebt zyrtar mund t\u00eb blihet pak m\u00eb lir\u00eb:<\/p>\n

\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\nDhe n\u00ebse ju mjafton shpejt\u00ebsia prej 1Gbit\/s n\u00eb porte, at\u00ebher\u00eb ju mjafton licenca P1:
\n\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\nP\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm CHR? Shembujt e mi.<\/b>Shum\u00eb shpesh d\u00ebgjoj pytje: p\u00ebrse nevojitet ky router virtual? Ja disa shembuj p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb e p\u00ebrdor un\u00eb personalisht. Ju lutem, mos e diskutoni p\u00ebr k\u00ebto zgjidhje, pasi ato nuk jan\u00eb tema e k\u00ebtij artikulli. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm shembuj p\u00ebrdorimi.<\/p>\n

Routeri qendror p\u00ebr t\u00eb bashkuar zyrat<\/h4>\n

\n\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\nNdonj\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb bashkosh disa zyra n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet. Nuk ka ndonj\u00eb zyre me nj\u00eb kanal t\u00eb dh\u00ebmb\u00ebzuar t\u00eb internetit dhe IP t\u00eb bardh\u00eb. Ndoshta t\u00eb gjith\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur me Yota, ose kanali \u00ebsht\u00eb 5 Mbit\/s. Dhe gjithashtu, ofruesi mund t\u00eb filtroj\u00eb protokollet e caktuara. P\u00ebr shembull, kam v\u00ebn\u00eb re se L2TP n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet ofruesit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Petersburgut \"Komfortel\" thjesht nuk ngrihet... <\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, ngrita CHR n\u00eb nj\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, ku ofrohet nj\u00eb kanal stabil dhe t\u00eb bollsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vds (sigurisht, e testova nga t\u00eb gjitha zyraat). Atje, rrjeti rrall\u00eb ra krejt\u00ebsisht, n\u00eb krahasim me ofruesit \"zyra\". <\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjitha zyrat dhe p\u00ebrdoruesit lidhen me CHR p\u00ebrmes protokollit VPN, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i optimizuar p\u00ebr ta. P\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebrdoruesit mobil\u00eb (Android, IOS) ndihen mjaft mir\u00eb me IPSec Xauth.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, n\u00ebse nd\u00ebrmjet zyrave 1 dhe 2 sinkronizohen baza me disa dhjet\u00ebra gigabajt, p\u00ebrdoruesi q\u00eb shikon kamerat n\u00eb objekt nuk do ta ndiej\u00eb, pasi shpejt\u00ebsia do t\u00eb kufizohet nga gjer\u00ebsia e kanalit n\u00eb pajisjen p\u00ebrfundimtare, jo nga kanali CHR. <\/p>\n

Gateway p\u00ebr hipervizorin<\/h4>\n

\n\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\nDuke marr\u00eb me qira nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb vog\u00ebl server\u00ebsh n\u00eb qendr\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave p\u00ebr disa detyra, p\u00ebrdor virtualizimin VMWare ESXi (mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni ndonj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, parimi nuk ndryshon), q\u00eb lejon menaxhim fleksib\u00ebl t\u00eb burimeve t\u00eb disponueshme dhe shp\u00ebrndarjen e tyre n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet q\u00eb jan\u00eb ngritur n\u00eb sistemet mysafir.<\/p>\n

Menaxhimi i rrjetit dhe siguris\u00eb ia besoj CHR si nj\u00eb router t\u00eb plot\u00eb, mbi t\u00eb cilin drejtoj gjith\u00eb aktivitetin rrjetor si t\u00eb konteiner\u00ebve ashtu edhe t\u00eb rrjetit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm. <\/p>\n

Dhe, pas instalimit t\u00eb ESXi, serveri fizik nuk ka nj\u00eb IPv4 t\u00eb bardh\u00eb. Maksimumi q\u00eb mund t\u00eb shfaqet \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb adres\u00eb IPv6. N\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, t\u00eb zbulojm\u00eb hipervizorin me nj\u00eb skaner t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb dhe t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzojm\u00eb \"do t\u00eb re\" \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht e pamundur.<\/p>\n

Jeta e dyt\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb PC t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr<\/h4>\n

\nM\u00eb duket se kjo e kam th\u00ebn\u00eb tashm\u00eb :-). Pa bler\u00eb nj\u00eb ruter t\u00eb shtrenjt\u00eb, ende mund t\u00eb ngrish CHR n\u00eb nj\u00eb PC t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

CHR i plot\u00eb falas<\/h2>\n

\nShumic\u00ebn e her\u00ebve, shikoj q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb nj\u00eb CHR falas p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngritur nj\u00eb proxy n\u00eb nj\u00eb host VDS t\u00eb huaj. Dhe nuk duan t\u00eb paguajn\u00eb 10,000 rubla p\u00ebr licenc\u00ebn nga paga e tyre.
\nM\u00eb rrall\u00eb, por ndodhin: drejtor\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb lakmidh, q\u00eb detyrojn\u00eb administrator\u00ebt t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtin nj\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb nga \u00e7far\u00ebdo.<\/p>\n

Provimi 60 dit\u00eb<\/h3>\n

\nMe shfaqjen e CHR, provimi u zgjat nga 24 or\u00eb n\u00eb 60 dit\u00eb! Kushte t\u00eb domosdoshme p\u00ebr ofrimin e tij \u00ebsht\u00eb autorizimi i instalimit me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin em\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesi dhe fjal\u00ebkalimin q\u00eb keni n\u00eb mikrotik.com<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\nNj\u00eb sh\u00ebnim p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb instalim do t\u00eb shfaqet n\u00eb llogarin\u00eb tuaj n\u00eb faqen:
\n\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n<\/p>\n

Dhe kur t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundoj\u00eb provimi? \u00c7far\u00eb m\u00eb pas???<\/h4>\n

Asgj\u00eb! <\/p>\n

Portat do t\u00eb punojn\u00eb me shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb plot\u00eb dhe t\u00eb gjitha funksionet do t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb\u2026<\/p>\n

Vet\u00ebm se nuk do t\u00eb merrni p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime t\u00eb firmware, gj\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebr shum\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb kritike. N\u00ebse t\u2019i kushtoni mjaftuesh\u00ebm v\u00ebmendje siguris\u00eb gjat\u00eb konfigurimit, madje as nuk do t\u00eb nevojitet t\u00eb hyni n\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebr vite me radh\u00eb. \u00c7far\u00eb duhet t\u2019i kushtoni ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht v\u00ebmendje e kam shkruar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull habr.com\/ru\/post\/359038<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Dhe n\u00ebse gjithsesi duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsoni firmware pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb prov\u00ebs?<\/h4>\n

\nRivendosim prov\u00ebn n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb:<\/p>\n

1. B\u00ebni nj\u00eb backup.<\/p>\n

\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\n2. E merrni at\u00eb n\u00eb kompjuterin tuaj.<\/p>\n

3. Rinstaloni plot\u00ebsisht CHR n\u00eb VDS.<\/p>\n

4. Autorizohuni <\/p>\n

\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\nK\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb Llogarin\u00eb tuaj n\u00eb faqen Mikrotik do t\u00eb shfaqet informacione p\u00ebr nj\u00eb instalim tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb CHR.<\/p>\n

5. Rindizni backupin.<\/p>\n

\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\nCil\u00ebsimet jan\u00eb rikthyer dhe p\u00ebrs\u00ebri keni 60 dit\u00eb n\u00eb rezerv\u00eb! <\/p>\n

Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb riinstaloni<\/h4>\n

\nLe t\u00eb supozojm\u00eb se keni nj\u00ebqind dyqane, ku si router p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb PC i vjet\u00ebr me CHR. Ju ndihmoni p\u00ebr CVE dhe p\u00ebrpiqeni t\u00eb reagoni shpejt ndaj dob\u00ebsive t\u00eb zbuluara.
\nT\u00eb riinstaloni CHR n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha objektet \u00e7do dy muaj \u2014 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb humbje e men\u00e7ur e burimeve t\u00eb administratorit.<\/p>\n

Por ka nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, ku k\u00ebrkohet s\u00eb paku nj\u00eb licenc\u00eb e bler\u00eb CHR P1. 2,000 rubla mund t\u00eb gjenden faktikisht nga \u00e7do kompani, dhe n\u00ebse nuk mund, at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb koha t\u00eb ikni ^_^.<\/p>\n

Ideja \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb licenc\u00ebn ta transferosh legalisht p\u00ebrmes llogarive t\u00eb tua n\u00eb mikrotik.com nga pajisja n\u00eb pajisje!<\/p>\n

\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\nZgjidhni \"ID e Sistemit\" q\u00eb na duhet p\u00ebr routerin. <\/p>\n

\"Kursejm\u00eb
\n
\nDhe klikoni \"Transfero abonimin\".<\/p>\n

Licenca \"e transferuar\" n\u00eb pajisjen e re, nd\u00ebrsa pajisja e vjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb humbi licenc\u00ebn, pa ndonj\u00eb riinstalim dhe veprime shtes\u00eb, mori nj\u00eb provim t\u00eb ri prej 60 dit\u00ebsh!<\/p>\n

Pra, duke pasur vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb licenc\u00eb, mund t\u00eb menaxhosh nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb madh CHR!<\/p>\n

Pse kompania Mikrotik e ka leht\u00ebsuar kaq shum\u00eb politik\u00ebn e licencimit?<\/h2>\n

\nDhe p\u00ebrmes aksesit t\u00eb CHR, kompania Mikrotik krijoi nj\u00eb komunitet t\u00eb madh p\u00ebrreth produkteve t\u00eb saj. Nj\u00eb ushtri specialist\u00ebsh dhe entuziast\u00ebsh teston produktin e tyre, b\u00ebn raporte p\u00ebr gabimet e zbuluara, gjeneron nj\u00eb baz\u00eb njohurish p\u00ebr raste t\u00eb ndryshme etj., pra sillet si nj\u00eb projekt i suksessh\u00ebm opensource.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebshtu, nuk krijohet vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb baz\u00eb kaotike njohurish n\u00eb mjedisin virtual, por p\u00ebrgatiten specialist\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb mjaft p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb pune me nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb caktuar dhe, p\u00ebr rrjedhoj\u00eb, preferojn\u00eb pajisjet e nj\u00eb shit\u00ebsi t\u00eb caktuar. Dhe drejtuesit e bizneseve tendencojn\u00eb t\u00eb japin v\u00ebmendje p\u00ebr specialist\u00ebt q\u00eb punojn\u00eb p\u00ebr ta. <\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb tjet\u00ebro<\/b>po ofrohet trajnim i arritsh\u00ebm dhe konferencat MUM q\u00eb zhvillohen! N\u00eb komunitetin e specializuar n\u00eb Telegram @router_os<\/a><\/noindex> tani ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 3000 persona, ku specialist\u00ebt diskutojn\u00eb zgjidhjet p\u00ebr detyra t\u00eb ndryshme. Por k\u00ebto jan\u00eb tema t\u00eb artikujve t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. <\/p>\n

K\u00ebshtu, t\u00eb ardhurat kryesore t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb Mikrotik vijn\u00eb nga shitja e pajisjeve, jo nga licencat p\u00ebr $45.<\/p>\n

Tani p\u00ebr tani, ne po v\u00ebzhgojm\u00eb rritjen e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb gjigandit IT, i cili u shfaq relativisht s\u00eb fundmi - n\u00eb vitin 1997 n\u00eb Letoni.<\/p>\n

Nuk do t\u00eb m\u00eb befasoj\u00eb n\u00ebse brenda 5 vitesh kompania D-Link shpall se po dalin me nj\u00eb ruter t\u00eb ri n\u00ebn operimin e RouterOS nga Mikrotik. Nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb ka ndodhur disa her\u00eb n\u00eb histori. Kujtoni kur Apple u largua nga PowerPC-t\u00eb e veta n\u00eb favor t\u00eb procesor\u00ebve Intel.<\/p>\n

Shpresoj q\u00eb ky artikull t\u00eb ket\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb ndonj\u00eb dyshim tuajin p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e produkteve nga Mikrotik.
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u0422\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c-\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435 @router_os \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0436\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0442 Mikrotik, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f RouterOS, \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435, \u043d\u0430 \u0445\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0443. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435. \u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u044f \u043d\u0435 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