{"id":55800,"date":"2020-01-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-28T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/ekonomim-na-litsenziyah-mikrotik-chr"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:03:57","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:03:57","slug":"ekonomim-na-litsenziyah-mikrotik-chr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/ekonomim-na-litsenziyah-mikrotik-chr","title":{"rendered":"Kur ne kursejm\u00eb n\u00eb licencat Mikrotik CHR","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00eb bised\u00ebn n\u00eb Telegram @router_os<\/a><\/noindex> shum\u00eb her\u00eb shoh pyetje se si t\u00eb kursejn\u00eb n\u00eb blerjen e licenc\u00ebs nga Mikrotik, ose si t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin RouterOS, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, falas. Si\u00e7 duket e \u00e7uditshme, por ka m\u00ebnyra p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb brenda ligjit.<\/p>\n

\"Kur
\n
\n\"Kur
\n
\nN\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull nuk do t\u00eb flas p\u00ebr licencimin e pajisjeve hardware nga Mikrotik, sepse ato nga fabrika kan\u00eb instaluar licenc\u00ebn maksimale q\u00eb mund t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb hardueri.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Nga erdhi Mikrotik CHR?<\/h2>\n

\nKompania Mikrotik l\u00ebshon pajisje t\u00eb ndryshme rrjetesh dhe instalon mbi to nj\u00eb sistem operativ universal t\u00eb prodhimit t\u00eb saj \u2014 RouterOS. Ky sistem operativ ka nj\u00eb funksionalitet t\u00eb madh dhe nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe administrimi t\u00eb kuptueshme, nd\u00ebrsa pajisjet mbi t\u00eb cilat aplikohet jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb lira, q\u00eb shpjegon p\u00ebrhapjen e saj t\u00eb gjer\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur RouterOS jasht\u00eb pajisjeve t\u00eb tyre, kompania Mikrotik l\u00ebshoi versionin x86, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb instalohej n\u00eb \u00e7do PC, duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb jet\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00eb harduerit t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr. Por licenca ishte e lidhur me numrat e harduerit t\u00eb pajisjes mbi t\u00eb cil\u00ebn instalohej. Pra, n\u00ebse HDD vdiste, edhe me licenc\u00ebn mund t\u00eb thoshim lamtumir\u00eb...<\/p>\n

Licencimi <\/a><\/noindex> pajisjet dhe RouterOS x86 kan\u00eb 6 nivele dhe p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb shum\u00eb parametra:<\/p>\n

\"Kur
\n
\nVersioni x86 kishte nj\u00eb problem tjet\u00ebr \u2014 nuk ishte shum\u00eb miq\u00ebsor me hipervizor\u00ebt si nj\u00eb sistem mysafir. Por n\u00ebse nuk pritej ngarkes\u00eb e lart\u00eb, ishte nj\u00eb version mjaft i mir\u00eb.
\nRouterOS x86 ligjore n\u00eb prov\u00eb mund t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr 24 or\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa versioni falas ka shum\u00eb kufizime. Asnj\u00eb administrator sistemi nuk mund ta vler\u00ebsoj\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb gjith\u00eb funksionalitetin e RouterOS brenda 24 or\u00ebve...<\/p>\n

Nga nj\u00eb burim pirate, ishte leht\u00eb t\u00eb shkarkohej nj\u00eb imazh i makin\u00ebs virtuale me RouterOS x86 t\u00eb instaluar tashm\u00eb, natyrisht me disa probleme, por p\u00ebr mua, p\u00ebr shembull, kjo ishte e mjaftueshme.<\/p>\n

\"N\u00ebse nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballesh me turm\u00ebn \u2014 drejtoje at\u00eb\"<\/h2>\n

\nMe kalimin e koh\u00ebs, menaxhimi i men\u00e7ur i kompanis\u00eb Mikrotik vendosi se ishte e pamundur t\u00eb luftohej me piraterin\u00eb dhe se duhej b\u00ebr\u00eb e pamundur vjedhja e sistemit t\u00eb tyre operativ. <\/p>\n

K\u00ebshtu lindi nj\u00eb deg\u00eb e RouterOS \u2014 \"Cloud Hosted Router\", i njohur gjithashtu si CHR<\/a><\/noindex>. Ky sistem \u00ebsht\u00eb optimizuar pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr pun\u00eb mbi nj\u00eb sistem virtualizimi. Mund t\u00eb shkarkohet imazhi p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha platformat e zakonshme t\u00eb virtualizimit: imazhi VHDX, imazhi VMDK, imazhi VDI, shablloni OVA, imazhi i diskut t\u00eb pap\u00ebrpunuar. Disku virtual i fundit mund t\u00eb implementohet pothuajse n\u00eb \u00e7do platform\u00eb. <\/p>\n

Sistema i licencimit gjithashtu ka ndryshuar:<\/p>\n

\"Kur<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Kufizimi i prek vet\u00ebm shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e porteve rrjet. N\u00eb versionin falas, ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb 1 Mbps, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb e mjaftueshme p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e skenave virtuale (p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb EVE-NG<\/a><\/noindex>)<\/p>\n

Versioni i paguar n\u00eb faqen zyrtare \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i shtrenjt\u00eb, por tek distributor\u00ebt zyrtar\u00eb mund t\u00eb blihet pak m\u00eb lir\u00eb:<\/p>\n

\"Kur
\n
\nN\u00ebse jeni t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur me shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb n\u00eb 1 Gbps n\u00eb porte, at\u00ebher\u00eb do t'ju mjaftoj\u00eb licenca P1:
\n\"Kur
\n
\nP\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb nevoitet CHR? Shembujt e mi.<\/b>Shpesh d\u00ebgjoj pyetjen: p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ky router virtual? Ja disa shembuj p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb un\u00eb personalisht e p\u00ebrdor. Ju lutem mos e diskutoni k\u00ebt\u00eb zgjidhje, pasi ato nuk jan\u00eb tema e k\u00ebtij artikulli. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb shembull aplikimi.<\/p>\n

Routeri qendror p\u00ebr bashkimin e zyrave<\/h4>\n

\n\"Kur
\n
\nNdonj\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb bashkohen disa zyra n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet. Nuk ka zyra me nj\u00eb kanal t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm t\u00eb internetit dhe IP t\u00eb bardh\u00eb. Ndoshta, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur me Yota, ose kanali \u00ebsht\u00eb 5 Mbps. Po ashtu, ofruesi mund t\u00eb filtroj\u00eb protokolle t\u00eb caktuara. P\u00ebr shembull, kam v\u00ebn\u00eb re se L2TP p\u00ebrmes ofruesit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Petersburgut \"Komfortel\" thjesht nuk ngrihet... <\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast ngrita CHR n\u00eb nj\u00eb datacenter, ku ofrojn\u00eb nj\u00eb kanal t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb VDS (natyrisht, e testova nga t\u00eb gjitha zyrat). Aty rrall\u00eb ndodh q\u00eb rrjeti t\u00eb bjer\u00eb krejt\u00ebsisht, n\u00eb krahasim me ofruesit \"zyrande\". <\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjitha zyrat dhe p\u00ebrdoruesit lidhen me CHR p\u00ebrmes protokollit VPN, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb optimali p\u00ebr ta. P\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebrdoruesit mobil\u00eb (Android, IOS) ndihen mjaft mir\u00eb me IPSec Xauth.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, n\u00ebse mes zyr\u00ebs 1 dhe zyr\u00ebs 2 sinkronizohet nj\u00eb baz\u00eb e dh\u00ebnash n\u00eb disa dhjet\u00ebra gigabajt, p\u00ebrdoruesi q\u00eb shikon kamerat n\u00eb objekt nuk do ta v\u00ebrej\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, pasi shpejt\u00ebsia do t\u00eb ngjitet n\u00eb gjer\u00ebsin\u00eb e kanalit n\u00eb pajisjen p\u00ebrfundimtare, e jo n\u00eb kanalin CHR. <\/p>\n

Gateway p\u00ebr hipervizorin<\/h4>\n

\n\"Kur
\n
\nDuke marr\u00eb me qira nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb vog\u00ebl server\u00ebsh n\u00eb DC p\u00ebr disa detyra, un\u00eb p\u00ebrdor virtualizimin VMWare ESXi (mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren t\u00eb tjera, principi nuk ndryshon), \u00e7ka m\u00eb lejon t\u00eb menaxhoj n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb fleksib\u00ebl burimet e disponueshme dhe t'i shp\u00ebrndaj ato n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet e ngritura n\u00eb sistemet mysafire.<\/p>\n

Menaxhimin e rrjetit dhe sigurin\u00eb ia besoj CHR si nj\u00eb router t\u00eb plot\u00eb, me t\u00eb cilin menaxhoj t\u00ebr\u00eb aktiviteten rrjet\u00ebsor si t\u00eb konteiner\u00ebve, ashtu edhe t\u00eb rrjetit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm. <\/p>\n

Dhe, pas instalimit t\u00eb ESXi, serveri fizik nuk ka nj\u00eb ipv4 t\u00eb bardh\u00eb. M\u00eb s\u00eb shumti q\u00eb mund t\u00eb shfaqet \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb adres\u00eb ipv6. N\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, zb discovery hypervisorin me nj\u00eb skaner t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzoj\u00eb \"dob\u00ebsin\u00eb e re\" \u00ebsht\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht e pamundur.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb jet\u00eb e dyt\u00eb p\u00ebr PC-n\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr<\/h4>\n

\nDuket se tashm\u00eb e kam th\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb :-). Pa bler\u00eb nj\u00eb rutues t\u00eb shtrenjt\u00eb, mund t\u00eb ngriteni n\u00eb nj\u00eb PC t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr CHR.<\/p>\n

CHR plot\u00ebsisht falas<\/h2>\n

\nM\u00eb s\u00eb shpeshti han\u00eb takuar q\u00eb CHR falas po k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb p\u00ebr ngritjen e proxy n\u00eb nj\u00eb hostim vds n\u00eb t\u00eb huaj. Dhe nuk duan t\u00eb paguajn\u00eb 10,000 rubla p\u00ebr licenc\u00ebn nga paga e tyre.
\nM\u00eb rrall\u00eb, por ndodhin: nj\u00eb drejtues jasht\u00ebzakonisht p\u00ebrfituar, i cili detyron admin\u00ebt t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtojn\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb nga gj\u00ebra q\u00eb nuk jane t\u00eb mira.<\/p>\n

Prov\u00eb 60 dit\u00eb<\/h3>\n

\nMe shfaqjen e CHR provimi u zgjat nga 24 or\u00eb n\u00eb 60 dit\u00eb! Nj\u00eb kusht i domosdosh\u00ebm p\u00ebr ofrimin e saj \u00ebsht\u00eb autorizimi i instalimit me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin em\u00ebr dhe fjal\u00ebkalim si n\u00eb mikrotik.com<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

\"Kur
\n
\nNj\u00eb regjistrim i k\u00ebsaj instalimi do t\u00eb shfaqet n\u00eb llogarin\u00eb tuaj n\u00eb uebsajt:
\n\"Kur
\n<\/p>\n

Dhe provimi do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundoj\u00eb? \u00c7far\u00eb ndodh m\u00eb pas???<\/h4>\n

Asgj\u00eb! <\/p>\n

Portet do t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb me shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb plot\u00eb dhe t\u00eb gjitha funksionet do t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb punojn\u00eb...<\/p>\n

Thjesht do t\u00eb ndaloni t\u00eb merrni p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime p\u00ebr firmware, q\u00eb p\u00ebr shum\u00eb nuk \u00ebshte kritike. N\u00ebse i kushtoni mjaft v\u00ebmendje siguris\u00eb gjat\u00eb konfigurimit, nuk do t'i nevojitet as p\u00ebrdorimi p\u00ebr vite t\u00eb t\u00ebra. P\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kushtohet ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht v\u00ebmendje, kam shkruar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull habr.com\/ru\/post\/359038<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Por n\u00ebse duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsoni firmware pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb prov\u00ebs?<\/h4>\n

\nRivendosni prov\u00ebn n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb:<\/p>\n

1. B\u00ebni nj\u00eb backup.<\/p>\n

\"Kur
\n
\n2. E merrni at\u00eb p\u00ebr PC-n\u00eb tuaj.<\/p>\n

3. Rinstaloni CHR plot\u00ebsisht n\u00eb vds.<\/p>\n

4. Autorizohuni <\/p>\n

\"Kur
\n
\nK\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb llogarin\u00eb tuaj n\u00eb uebsajt Mikrotik do t\u00eb shfaqet informata p\u00ebr nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr instalim t\u00eb CHR<\/p>\n

5. Zgjidhni backup-un.<\/p>\n

\"Kur
\n
\nCil\u00ebsimet jan\u00eb rikuperuar dhe p\u00ebrs\u00ebri 60 dit\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion! <\/p>\n

Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme ta rivendosni<\/h4>\n

\nLe t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb se keni nj\u00ebqind dyqane, ku si rutuer p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb PC i vjet\u00ebr me CHR. Ju ndihni p\u00ebr CVE dhe p\u00ebrpiqeni t\u00eb reagoni shpejt ndaj dob\u00ebsive t\u00eb zbuluara.
\nRivendosja e CHR n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha objektet \u00e7do dy muaj \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb humbje e budallall\u00ebkut t\u00eb burimeve t\u00eb adminit.<\/p>\n

Por ka nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn nj\u00eb licenc\u00eb t\u00eb bler\u00eb CHR P1. 2,000 rubla mund t\u00eb gjendet pothuajse nga \u00e7do kompani, dhe n\u00ebse nuk e b\u00ebn, at\u00ebher\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ikni nga aty ^_^.<\/p>\n

Ideja \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb licenc\u00ebn ta kaloni ligj\u00ebrisht p\u00ebrmes llogaris\u00eb tuaj n\u00eb mikrotik.com nga nj\u00eb pajisje n\u00eb tjetr\u00ebn!<\/p>\n

\"Kur
\n
\nZgjidhni \"System ID\" t\u00eb rruterit. <\/p>\n

\"Kur
\n
\nDhe klikoni \"Transfer subscription\".<\/p>\n

Licenca \"u zhvendos\" n\u00eb pajisjen e re, nd\u00ebrsa pajisja e vjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb humbi licenc\u00ebn, mori nj\u00eb prov\u00eb t\u00eb re prej 60 dit\u00ebsh pa asnj\u00eb rinstalime ose veprime shtes\u00eb!<\/p>\n

Do thot\u00eb, duke pasur vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb licenc\u00eb, mund t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbeni nj\u00eb parku t\u00eb madh t\u00eb CHR!<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrse kompania Mikrotik e ka dob\u00ebsuar politik\u00ebn e licencimit?<\/h2>\n

\nDhe me aksesin n\u00eb CHR, kompania Mikrotik krijoi nj\u00eb komunitet t\u00eb madh rreth produkteve t\u00eb saj. Nj\u00eb ushtri specialist\u00ebsh dhe entuziast\u00ebsh teston produktin e tyre, b\u00ebn raporte p\u00ebr defektet e zbuluara, gjeneron nj\u00eb baz\u00eb njohurish p\u00ebr raste t\u00eb ndryshme etj., pra vepron si nj\u00eb projekt i suksessh\u00ebm opensource.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebshtu, mbledhja e njohurive nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb pool kaotik n\u00eb mjedisin virtual, por p\u00ebrgatit specialist\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme me nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb caktuar dhe, p\u00ebr pasoj\u00eb, preferojn\u00eb pajisjet e nj\u00eb prodhuesi t\u00eb caktuar. Dhe drejtuesit e kompanive priren t\u00eb d\u00ebgjojn\u00eb specialist\u00ebt q\u00eb punojn\u00eb p\u00ebr ta. <\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00ebo<\/b>\u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00ebnyra e disponueshme e trajnimit dhe konferencave MUM! N\u00eb komunitetin e specializuar n\u00eb Telegram @router_os<\/a><\/noindex> tani ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 3000 persona, ku specialist\u00ebt diskutojn\u00eb zgjidhje p\u00ebr probleme t\u00eb ndryshme. Por k\u00ebto jan\u00eb tema t\u00eb artikujve t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. <\/p>\n

Pra, t\u00eb ardhurat kryesore t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb Mikrotik i vijn\u00eb nga shitja e pajisjeve, jo nga licencat p\u00ebr $45.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebtu dhe tani po v\u00ebzhgojm\u00eb nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb gjigandit IT, i cili u shfaq relativisht koh\u00ebt e fundit \u2014 n\u00eb vitin 1997 n\u00eb Letoni.<\/p>\n

Nuk do t\u00eb surprizohem n\u00ebse pas 5 vjet\u00ebsh kompania D-Link njofton p\u00ebr nj\u00eb rruter t\u00eb ri n\u00ebn menaxhimin e RouterOS nga Mikrotik. Nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb ka ndodhur m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb histori. Merrni parasysh kur Apple u dor\u00ebzua nga PowerPC t\u00eb saj n\u00eb favor t\u00eb procesor\u00ebve Intel.<\/p>\n

Shpresoj q\u00eb ky artikull t\u00eb ket\u00eb shuar ndonj\u00eb dyshim tuajin n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb produkteve nga Mikrotik.
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u0422\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c-\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435 @router_os \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0436\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0442 Mikrotik, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f RouterOS, \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435, \u043d\u0430 \u0445\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0443. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435. \u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u044f \u043d\u0435 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