{"id":55822,"date":"2020-01-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-28T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/uskoryaem-openvpn-za-9-99-ili-vstraivaem-orange-pi-one-v-router"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:03:58","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:03:58","slug":"uskoryaem-openvpn-za-9-99-ili-vstraivaem-orange-pi-one-v-router","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uskoryaem-openvpn-za-9-99-ili-vstraivaem-orange-pi-one-v-router","title":{"rendered":"Shpejtojm\u00eb OpenVPN p\u00ebr $9.99* ose integrojm\u00eb Orange Pi One n\u00eb router","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Shpejtojm\u00eb OpenVPN p\u00ebr $9.99* ose integrojm\u00eb Orange Pi One n\u00eb router\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/a5c5330ebe866b5859da6cbc227d057c.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nDisa disa nga ne nuk e p\u00ebrdorin internetin pa VPN p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb ndryshme: disa kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb IP t\u00eb dedikuar, dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e thjesht\u00eb dhe m\u00eb e lir\u00eb t\u00eb blini nj\u00eb VPS me dy IP sesa t\u00eb blini nj\u00eb adres\u00eb nga ofruesi, disa duan t\u00eb ken\u00eb qasje n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha uebsajtet, jo vet\u00ebm ato t\u00eb lejuara n\u00eb territorin e RF, t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr IPv6, dhe ofruesi nuk e ofron at\u00eb...<br \/>\nM\u00eb s\u00eb shpeshti, lidhja VPN vendoset n\u00eb vet\u00eb pajisjen q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb momentin e caktuar, gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht e arsyeshme n\u00ebse keni vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb kompjuter dhe nj\u00eb telefon dhe i p\u00ebrdorni ato rrall\u00eb nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht. N\u00ebse n\u00eb rrjetin tuaj n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi ka shum\u00eb pajisje, ose, p\u00ebr shembull, disa prej tyre nuk mund t\u00eb konfigurohen me VPN, do t\u00eb ishte m\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme t\u00eb ngrinin nj\u00eb tunel direkt n\u00eb routerin e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos u shqet\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr konfigurimin e \u00e7do pajisjeje ve\u00e7 e ve\u00e7.<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 OpenVPN \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0432\u044b, \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b. SoC&#8217;\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a, \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 NAT \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0438\u043f, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438, \u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044b, \u0442.\u043a. \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0440\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u2014 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0435, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 NAS, \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b.<\/p>\n<p>Routeri im, TP-Link TL-WDR4300, nuk mund t\u00eb quhet i ri \u2014 modeli u shfaq n\u00eb mesin e vitit 2012 dhe ka nj\u00eb procesor 560 MHz t\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs MIPS32 74Kc, fuqia e t\u00eb cilit \u00ebsht\u00eb e mjaftueshme p\u00ebr 20-23 Mb\/s trafik t\u00eb enkriptuar p\u00ebrmes OpenVPN, q\u00eb sipas standardeve t\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb moderne t\u00eb internetit sht\u00ebpiak \u00ebsht\u00eb pak.<br \/>\n\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044f? \u041c\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 3&#215;3 MIMO, \u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435, \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0431\u044b \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c.<br \/>\nDuke pasur parasysh se tani \u00ebsht\u00eb e zakonshme t\u00eb krijohen faqe interneti 10-megabaite, t\u00eb shkruhen aplikacione desktop n\u00eb node.js dhe t\u00eb paketohen ato n\u00eb nj\u00eb skedar 100-megabaite, t\u00eb rritet fuqia kompjuterike n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb optimizohet, ne do t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb di\u00e7ka t\u00eb tmerrshme \u2014 do t\u00eb mbajm\u00eb lidhjen VPN n\u00eb nj\u00eb \"kompjuter\" t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb plaka, Orange Pi One, i cili do t\u00eb vendoset n\u00eb trupin e routerit, pa z\u00ebn\u00eb portat ekzistuese rrjet\u00ebsore dhe USB, p\u00ebr vet\u00ebm $9.99*!<br \/>\n* + d\u00ebrgesa, + taksat, + p\u00ebr birr\u00eb, + MicroSD.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>IKEv2-IPSec<\/h3>\n<p>Nuk mund t\u00eb quhet fare i dob\u00ebt procesori i routerit \u2014 ai \u00ebsht\u00eb i aft\u00eb t\u00eb enkriptoj\u00eb dhe hashes t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat me algoritmin AES-128-CBC-SHA1 me nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi prej 50 Mb\/s, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb e shpejt\u00eb se sa punon OpenVPN, dhe algoritmi modern i enkriptimit CHACHA20 me hash POLY1305 arrin madje deri n\u00eb 130 megabit n\u00eb sekond\u00eb! Pse pra shpejt\u00ebsia e tunelit VPN \u00ebsht\u00eb kaq e ul\u00ebt? E gjith\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb kalimin e kontekstit midis hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit dhe hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs s\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs: OpenVPN enkripton trafikun dhe komunikon me bot\u00ebn e jashtme n\u00eb kontekstin e p\u00ebrdoruesit, nd\u00ebrsa rrug\u00ebzimi ndodh brenda hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs s\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs. Sistemi i operimit \u00ebsht\u00eb i detyruar t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb vazhdimisht atje-k\u00ebtu p\u00ebr \u00e7do paket\u00eb t\u00eb pranuar ose t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar, dhe kjo operacion nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i shpejt\u00eb. Kjo problematik\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e pranishme n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha aplikacionet VPN q\u00eb punojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmes TUN\/TAP-\u00e7ipit dhe nuk mund t\u00eb thuhet se problemi i shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ul\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb optimizimit t\u00eb dob\u00ebt t\u00eb OpenVPN (edhe pse, sigurisht, ka vende q\u00eb duhen rregulluar). Asnj\u00eb klient VPN n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit nuk arrin as nj\u00eb gigabit me enkriptim t\u00eb \u00e7jerr\u00eb n\u00eb laptopin tim, \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb thuash p\u00ebr sistemet me procesor\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebt.<\/p>\n<h3>Orange Pi One<\/h3>\n<p>Pllaka Orange Pi One nga kompania Xunlong \u2014 oferta m\u00eb e mir\u00eb lidhur me performanc\u00ebn dhe \u00e7mimin aktualisht. P\u00ebr $9.99* ju merrni nj\u00eb procesor kat\u00ebrb\u00ebrthamor ARM Cortex-A7, q\u00eb punon n\u00eb nj\u00eb frekuenc\u00eb 1008 MHz, duke qen\u00eb duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb efikas se konkurrent\u00ebt e tij Raspberry Pi Zero dhe Next Thing C.H.I.P. n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7mim. K\u00ebtu p\u00ebrfundon pozitiviteti. Kompania Xunlong i kushton zero v\u00ebmendje softuerit t\u00eb pllakave t\u00eb saj, dhe n\u00eb momentin e lan\u00e7imit t\u00eb One n\u00eb shitje, nuk ofronte as nj\u00eb skedar konfigurimi, pa p\u00ebrmendur imazhet e gatshme. Allwinner \u2014 prodhuesi i SoC \u2014 gjithashtu nuk ia ka shum\u00eb p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet produktin e tij. Ata interesohen vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr funksionalitetin minimal n\u00eb OS Android 4.4.4, pra e b\u00ebjm\u00eb t\u00eb nevojshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim nj\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb versioni 3.4 me patch-e Android. P\u00ebr fat, ka entuziast\u00eb q\u00eb mbledhin distribucione, rregullojn\u00eb b\u00ebrthamat, shkruajn\u00eb kod p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb pllakave n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn mainline, pra, faktikisht, e b\u00ebjn\u00eb pun\u00ebn p\u00ebr prodhuesin, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb pranueshme p\u00ebr funksionim. P\u00ebr nevojat e mia, kam zgjedhur distribucionin Armbian, i cili p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet shpesh dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme (b\u00ebrthamat e reja instalohen drejtp\u00ebrdrejt p\u00ebrmes menaxherit t\u00eb paketave, e jo duke kopjuar skedar\u00ebt n\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb zakon te Allwinner), dhe gjithashtu mb\u00ebshtet shumic\u00ebn e periferik\u00ebve, ndryshe nga t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt.<\/p>\n<h3>Router<\/h3>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb mos ngarkuar procesorin e dob\u00ebt t\u00eb router-it me enkriptimin dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar lidhjen ton\u00eb VPN, mund t\u00eb transferojm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb detyr\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb procesor m\u00eb t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm Orange Pi, duke e lidhur at\u00eb me router-in n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb apo nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr. M\u00eb vjen n\u00eb mendje lidhja p\u00ebrmes Ethernet-it ose USB \u2014 k\u00ebto standarde mb\u00ebshteten nga t\u00eb dyja pajisjet, por nuk doja t\u00eb zija portat ekzistuese. Fatmir\u00ebsisht, ka nj\u00eb zgjidhje.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7ipi i USB-hubit GL850G, i cili p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb router, mb\u00ebshtet pun\u00ebn me 4 porte USB, dy prej t\u00eb cilave nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb pse prodhuesi nuk i ka lidhur ato, supozoj p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos lejuar p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb lidhin menj\u00ebher\u00eb 4 pajisje me konsum t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb energjis\u00eb (p\u00ebr shembull, disqe t\u00eb forta), pasi bloku i furnizimit t\u00eb router-it nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i dizajnuar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb. \u00c7far\u00ebdo qoft\u00eb, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimin ton\u00eb.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Shpejtojm\u00eb OpenVPN p\u00ebr $9.99* ose integrojm\u00eb Orange Pi One n\u00eb router\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/6e36b9c769ca36945d4b3297459b479c.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb port tjet\u00ebr USB, mjafton t\u00eb lidhni dy telat n\u00eb pinat 8(D-) dhe 9(D+) ose 11(D-) dhe 12(D+).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Shpejtojm\u00eb OpenVPN p\u00ebr $9.99* ose integrojm\u00eb Orange Pi One n\u00eb router\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/023b1cb71b0e297460e4af494b219651.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nMegjithat\u00eb, nuk mjafton thjesht t\u00eb lidhni dy pajisje USB dhe t\u00eb shpresoni se gjith\u00e7ka do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb vet\u00eb, si\u00e7 ndodh me Ethernet. S\u00eb pari, na nevojitet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00ebra prej tyre t\u00eb punoj\u00eb n\u00eb modalitetin USB Client, e jo USB Host; s\u00eb dyti, na duhet t\u00eb vendosim se si pajisjet do t\u00eb njohin nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn. Ekzistojn\u00eb shum\u00eb drejtues t\u00eb ashtuquajtur\u00ebve USB Gadgets (sip\u00ebr emrin e n\u00ebn-sistemit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs Linux), t\u00eb cilat lejojn\u00eb emulimin e llojeve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb pajisjeve USB: adaptori rrjetit, kartela e z\u00ebrit, tastiera dhe miu, kujtesa USB, kamera, konsola p\u00ebrmes portit seri. Duke qen\u00eb se pajisja jon\u00eb do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb me rrjetin, emulimi i adaptorit Ethernet \u00ebsht\u00eb opsioni m\u00eb i mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Ekzistojn\u00eb tre standarde Ethernet-over-USB:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Remote NDIS (RNDIS)<\/b>. Nj\u00eb standard i vjet\u00ebr nga Microsoft, p\u00ebrdorej kryesisht n\u00eb koh\u00ebt e Windows XP.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ethernet Control Model (ECM)<\/b>. Nj\u00eb standard i thjesht\u00eb, i cili inkapsulon kornizat Ethernet n\u00eb paketa USB. P\u00ebrshtatet shk\u00eblqyesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr modelet me lidhje USB, ku \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme t\u00eb transmetohen kornizat pa p\u00ebrpunim, por p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb thjesht\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe kufizimeve t\u00eb autobusit USB, nuk funksionon shum\u00eb shpejt.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ethernet Emulation Model (EEM)<\/b>. Nj\u00eb protokoll m\u00eb inteligjent, i cili merr parasysh kufizimet e USB dhe optimizon agregimin e disa kornizave n\u00eb nj\u00eb, duke rritur k\u00ebshtu kapacitetin.<\/li>\n<li><b>Network Control Model (NCM)<\/b>. Protokolli m\u00eb i ri. Ka avantazhet e EEM dhe optimizon edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb funkcionalitetin me autobus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb funksional ndonj\u00eb nga k\u00ebto protokolle n\u00eb pllak\u00ebn ton\u00eb, si gjithmon\u00eb, do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrballemi me disa v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi. P\u00ebr shkak se Allwinner interesohen vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebt Android t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs, vet\u00ebm Android Gadget funksionon normalisht \u2014 ai kod q\u00eb realizon lidhjen me adb, eksportimin e pajisjes p\u00ebrmes protokollit MTP dhe emulimin e kujtes\u00ebs USB n\u00eb pajisjet Android. Vet\u00eb Android Gadget mb\u00ebshtet dhe protokollin RNDIS, por n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Allwinner \u00ebsht\u00eb i prishur. N\u00ebse provoni t\u00eb kompilonit b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn me ndonj\u00eb USB Gadget tjet\u00ebr, pajisja thjesht nuk do t\u00eb shfaqet n\u00eb sistem, \u00e7far\u00ebdo q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebni.<br \/>\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur problemin, n\u00eb realitet, duhet t\u00eb gjeni vendin e inicializimit t\u00eb kontrolluesit USB n\u00eb kodin e modifikuar t\u00eb Android-gadget, android.c, por ka edhe nj\u00eb manov\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb funksional, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn, emulimin e Ethernet-it p\u00ebrmes USB:<\/p>\n<pre><code>--- sun8i\/drivers\/usb\/sunxi_usb\/udc\/sunxi_udc.c 2016-04-16 15:01:40.427088792 +0300\n+++ sun8i\/drivers\/usb\/sunxi_usb\/udc\/sunxi_udc.c 2016-04-16 15:01:45.339088792 +0300\n@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@\n static sunxi_udc_io_t g_sunxi_udc_io;\n static u32 usb_connect = 0;\n static u32 is_controller_alive = 0;\n-static u8 is_udc_enable = 0;   \/* is udc enable by gadget? *\/\n+static u8 is_udc_enable = 1;   \/* is udc enable by gadget? *\/\n \n #ifdef CONFIG_USB_SUNXI_USB0_OTG\n static struct platform_device *g_udc_pdev = NULL;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Ky ky patch aktivizon forc\u00ebrisht modin USB-klient, duke lejuar p\u00ebrdorimin e Gadgets USB t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm nga Linux.<br \/>\nTani duhet t\u00eb rind\u00ebrtoj kernel-in me k\u00ebt\u00eb patch dhe gadget-in e nevojsh\u00ebm. Kam zgjedhur EEM, pasi sipas rezultateve t\u00eb testeve, ai ka rezultuar m\u00eb i shpejt\u00eb se NCM.<br \/>\nEkipi i Armbian ofron <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/igorpecovnik\/lib\">nj\u00eb sistem build shum\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb dhe t\u00eb leht\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha platformat e mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb distribucion. Mjafton ta shkarkosh, t\u00eb vendos\u00ebsh patch-un ton\u00eb n\u00eb <code>userpatches\/kernel\/sun8i-default\/otg.patch<\/code>, t\u00eb redaktosh pak <code>compile.sh<\/code> dhe t\u00eb zgjedh\u00ebsh gadget-in e nevojsh\u00ebm:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Shpejtojm\u00eb OpenVPN p\u00ebr $9.99* ose integrojm\u00eb Orange Pi One n\u00eb router\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/aa0dca97410e3064ead605f3c4ff68ca.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nKernel-i do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohet si nj\u00eb paket\u00eb deb, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u instaluar n\u00eb pllak\u00ebn p\u00ebrmes <code>dpkg<\/code>.<br \/>\nTani duhet vet\u00ebm t\u00eb lidhet pllaka p\u00ebrmes USB dhe t\u00eb konfigurohet adapterni yn\u00eb t\u00eb ri rrjetor p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb adres\u00ebn p\u00ebrmes DHCP. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb duhet t\u00eb shtosh di\u00e7ka t\u00eb till\u00eb n\u00eb <code>\/etc\/network\/interfaces<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre><code>auto usb0\n        iface usb0 inet dhcp\n        hwaddress ether c2:46:98:49:3e:9d\n        pre-up \/bin\/sh -c 'echo 2 &gt; \/sys\/bus\/platform\/devices\/sunxi_usb_udc\/otg_role'<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Adresa MAC m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb ceket manualisht, pasi ajo do t\u00eb jet\u00eb rast\u00ebsore me \u00e7do rinisje t\u00eb pajisjes, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e pak\u00ebndshme dhe e lodhshme.<br \/>\nLidhim kabllon MicroUSB n\u00eb portin OTG, lidhim energjin\u00eb nga routeri (mund ta vendosim n\u00eb pinat 2 dhe 3 t\u00eb grebenit, dhe jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb portin e energjis\u00eb).<\/p>\n<p>Tani duhet t\u00eb konfigurohet routeri. Mjafton t\u00eb instalosh paket\u00ebn me EEM-drajverin dhe t\u00eb shtosh pajisjen ton\u00eb t\u00eb re rrjetore USB n\u00eb bridge-in e zon\u00ebs lokale t\u00eb firewall-it:<\/p>\n<pre><code>opkg install kmod-usb-net-cdc-eem<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Shpejtojm\u00eb OpenVPN p\u00ebr $9.99* ose integrojm\u00eb Orange Pi One n\u00eb router\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/c3ea2b182c9cc5af19a47c5b5dca7ff1.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtuar t\u00eb gjith\u00eb trafikun n\u00eb tunelin VPN, duhet ose t\u00eb shtosh nj\u00eb rregull SNAT p\u00ebr adres\u00ebn IP t\u00eb pllak\u00ebs n\u00eb an\u00ebn e routerit, ose t\u00eb ofrosh adres\u00ebn e pllak\u00ebs si adres\u00eb gateway p\u00ebrmes dnsmasq. Kjo e fundit b\u00ebhet duke shtuar k\u00ebt\u00eb rresht n\u00eb <code>\/etc\/dnsmasq.conf<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre><code>dhcp-option = tag:lan, option:router, 192.168.1.100<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>ku <code>192.168.1.100<\/code> \u2014 Adresa IP e pllak\u00ebs tuaj. Mos harroni t\u00eb shkruani adres\u00ebn e router-it n\u00eb konfigurimet e rrjetit n\u00eb pllak\u00ebn vet\u00eb!<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb izoluara kontaktet e pllak\u00ebs nga kontaktet e routerit, u p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb sfungjer melamin. Doli k\u00ebshtu:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Shpejtojm\u00eb OpenVPN p\u00ebr $9.99* ose integrojm\u00eb Orange Pi One n\u00eb router\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/72d0a2dd667e47e31057d9e79da884fc.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>P\u00ebrfundimi<\/h3>\n<p>Rrjeti funksionon p\u00ebrmes USB-s\u00eb befasuesh\u00ebm shpejt: 100-120 Mb\/s, prisja m\u00eb pak. OpenVPN kalon rreth 70 Mb\/s t\u00eb trafikut t\u00eb enkriptuar, q\u00eb gjithashtu nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb, por mjafton p\u00ebr nevojat e mia. Kapaku i routerit nuk mbyllet mir\u00eb, duke l\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb hapje t\u00eb vog\u00ebl. Estet\u00ebt mund t\u00eb hiqnin portat Ethernet dhe USB Host nga pllak\u00eb, q\u00eb do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb kapakun t\u00eb mbyllet plot\u00ebsisht dhe t\u00eb mbetet hap\u00ebsir\u00eb.<br \/>\nM\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb mos merresh me nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb dhe t\u00eb blesh <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/omnia.turris.cz\/en\/\">Turris Omnia<\/a><\/noindex>.<br \/>\n<br \/>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/368735\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437 VPN \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c: \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443-\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 IP, \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c VPS \u0441 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f IP, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430\u043c, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0420\u0424, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d IPv6, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u2026 \u0427\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55822","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0435.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" 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