{"id":56025,"date":"2020-02-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-02-02T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/v-yadro-linux-5-6-vklyuchili-vpn-wireguard"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:04:11","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:04:11","slug":"v-yadro-linux-5-6-vklyuchili-vpn-wireguard","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/v-yadro-linux-5-6-vklyuchili-vpn-wireguard","title":{"rendered":"N\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux 5.6 u p\u00ebrfshi VPN WireGuard","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Sot\u00a0Lini transferoi deg\u00ebn net-next me nd\u00ebrfaqet VPN. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.com\/\">WireGuard<\/a><\/noindex>. Rreth k\u00ebtij ngjarjeje <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.zx2c4.com\/pipermail\/wireguard\/2020-January\/004906.html\">njoftuan<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb list\u00ebn e shp\u00ebrndarjes WireGuard.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"N\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux 5.6 u p\u00ebrfshi VPN WireGuard\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/d7a3107d3ba60f906fe446dceb3bdca6.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nAktualisht \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb procesin e mbledhjes s\u00eb kodit p\u00ebr b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn e re Linux 5.6. WireGuard \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb VPN i gjenerat\u00ebs s\u00eb re, q\u00eb implementon kriptografin\u00eb moderne. Ai u zhvillua fillimisht si nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb m\u00eb e thjesht\u00eb dhe m\u00eb e leht\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u p\u00ebrdorur ndaj VPN-ve ekzistuese. Autori \u00ebsht\u00eb specialisti kanadez i siguris\u00eb informatike Jason A. Donenfeld. N\u00eb gusht 2018, WireGuard <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.openwall.net\/netdev\/2018\/08\/02\/124\">u lavd\u00ebrua<\/a><\/noindex> nga Linus Torvalds. Rreth asaj kohe filloi puna p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfshirjen e VPN n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn e Linux. Procesi u zgjat pak.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n\u2018Shikoj q\u00eb Jason ka b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfshirjen e WireGuard n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb,\u2019 shkroi Linus m\u00eb 2 gusht 2018. \u2018A mund ta shpreh s\u00ebrish dashurin\u00eb time p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb VPN dhe t\u00eb shpresoj p\u00ebr nj\u00eb bashkim t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb? Ndoshta kodi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb perfekt, por e kam par\u00eb dhe krahasuar me horrorin e OpenVPN dhe IPSec, ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr arti e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Megjith\u00ebse d\u00ebshira e Linus-it ishte, bashkimi u zgjat p\u00ebr nj\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb vit e gjysm\u00eb. Problemi kryesor doli t\u00eb ishte lidhja me implementimet e veta t\u00eb funksioneve kriptografike, t\u00eb cilat ishin p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur performanc\u00ebn. Pas negociatave t\u00eb zgjatura n\u00eb shtator 2019, u mor <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.zx2c4.com\/pipermail\/wireguard\/2019-September\/004560.html\">nj\u00eb vendim kompromisi<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr t\u00eb transferuar patch-et n\u00eb funksionet e Crypto API q\u00eb ekzistojn\u00eb n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb, ndaj t\u00eb cilave zhvilluesit e WireGuard kishin shqet\u00ebsime lidhur me performanc\u00ebn dhe sigurin\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme. Por vendos\u00ebn q\u00eb funksionet e kriptografis\u00eb nativo t\u00eb WireGuard t'i ve\u00e7onin n\u00eb nj\u00eb API t\u00eb ul\u00ebt Zinc dhe me kalimin e koh\u00ebs t'i portonin n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb. N\u00eb n\u00ebntor, zhvilluesit e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs e mbajt\u00ebn premtimin dhe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.zx2c4.com\/pipermail\/wireguard\/2019-November\/004614.html\">pranuan<\/a><\/noindex> t\u00eb transferonin n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb kodit nga Zinc. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb Crypto API <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lore.kernel.org\/linux-crypto\/CAHmME9rxGp439vNYECm85bgibkVyrN7Qc+5v3r8QBmBXPZM=Dg@mail.gmail.com\/\">are packages with proprietary NVIDIA drivers. For systems with NVIDIA graphics chips, free \"Nouveau\" drivers continue to be offered by default, while proprietary drivers are available as an option for quick installation after the installation is completed;<\/a><\/noindex> jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur n\u00eb WireGuard implementime t\u00eb shpejta t\u00eb algoritmeve ChaCha20 dhe Poly1305.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, m\u00eb 9 dhjetor 2019, David S. Miller, i cili p\u00ebrgjigjej p\u00ebr subsystemin rrjetor t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs Linux, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.zx2c4.com\/pipermail\/wireguard\/2019-December\/004704.html\">pranoi<\/a><\/noindex> si pjes\u00eb e deg\u00ebs net-next <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2019\/12\/8\/240\">patches<\/a><\/noindex> me implementimin e nd\u00ebrfaqes VPN nga projekti WireGuard.<\/p>\n<p>Dhe sot, m\u00eb 29 janar 2020, ndryshimet u d\u00ebrguan te Linus p\u00ebr t'u p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"N\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux 5.6 u p\u00ebrfshi VPN WireGuard\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/49ea5f8ed5e0d36d3ccaa974e1514086.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nAvantazhet e deklaruara t\u00eb WireGuard mbi zgjidhjet e tjera t\u00eb VPN jan\u00eb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I leht\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u p\u00ebrdorur.\n<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebrdor kriptografi moderne: Noise protocol framework, Curve25519, ChaCha20, Poly1305, BLAKE2, SipHash24, HKDF etj.\n<\/li>\n<li>Kod kompakt dhe t\u00eb lexuesh\u00ebm, m\u00eb e leht\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u hetuar p\u00ebr dob\u00ebsi.\n<\/li>\n<li>Performanc\u00eb e lart\u00eb.\n<\/li>\n<li>Logjika e qart\u00eb dhe e zhvilluar <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.com\/papers\/wireguard.pdf\">specifikimi<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nE gjith\u00eb logjika kryesore e WireGuard z\u00eb m\u00eb pak se 4000 rreshta kodi, nd\u00ebrsa OpenVPN dhe IPSec jan\u00eb qindra mij\u00ebra rreshta. <\/p>\n<blockquote><p>N\u00eb WireGuard aplikohet koncepti i rutes s\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsat e kodimit, i cili n\u00ebnkupton lidhjen e secilit nd\u00ebrfaqe rrjeti me nj\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebs privat dhe p\u00ebrdorimin e tij p\u00ebr lidhjen e \u00e7el\u00ebsave t\u00eb hapur. Shk\u00ebmbimi i \u00e7el\u00ebsave t\u00eb hapur p\u00ebr vendosjen e lidhjes b\u00ebhet sipas analogjis\u00eb me SSH. P\u00ebr pajtimin e \u00e7el\u00ebsave dhe lidhjes pa nisur nj\u00eb demon t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit, p\u00ebrdoret mekanizmi Noise_IK nga <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/noiseprotocol.org\/\">Noise Protocol Framework<\/a><\/noindex>, i ngjash\u00ebm me mbajtjen e authorized_keys n\u00eb SSH. Shk\u00ebmbimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave realizohet p\u00ebrmes inkapsulimit n\u00eb paketa UDP. Mb\u00ebshtetet nd\u00ebrrimi i adres\u00ebs IP t\u00eb serverit VPN (roaming) pa nd\u00ebrprerjen e lidhjes me riparametrizimin automatik t\u00eb klientit, \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51997\">CNBC, n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn nga 2000 deri n\u00eb 2018 Facebook, Alphabet, Microsoft, Apple dhe Amazon kan\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb milion punonj\u00ebs t\u00eb rinj. T\u00eb tilla biznese akumullojn\u00eb mjaft burime, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 aktivitetit t\u00eb tyre kryesor, p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar k\u00ebrkime dhe zhvillime masive n\u00eb fusha t\u00eb reja, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb me rrezikshm\u00ebri t\u00eb lart\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, kompanit\u00eb formojn\u00eb dhe ekosistemin e tyre, brenda t\u00eb cilit p\u00ebrdoruesit i zgjidhin nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb problemesh - porositin menj\u00ebher\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha produktet e nevojshme, nga ushqimi deri te teknika, n\u00eb Amazon. Sipas parashikimeve t\u00eb analist\u00ebve, deri n\u00eb vitin 2021 ai<\/a><\/noindex> Opennet.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr enkriptimin <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.io\/protocol\/\">p\u00ebrdoret<\/a><\/noindex> rrjedha e enkriptimit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/cr.yp.to\/chacha.html\">ChaCha20<\/a><\/noindex> dhe algoritmi i autentifikimit t\u00eb mesazheve (MAC) <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/cr.yp.to\/mac.html\">Poly1305<\/a><\/noindex>, t\u00eb zhvilluar nga Daniel Bernstein (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/cr.yp.to\/djb.html\">Daniel J. Bernstein<\/a><\/noindex>), Tanja Lange dhe Peter Schwabe. ChaCha20 dhe Poly1305 pozicionohen si alternativa m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejta dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb sigurta ndaj AES-256-CTR dhe HMAC, implementimi softuerik i t\u00eb cil\u00ebve lejon arritjen e nj\u00eb koh\u00eb ekzekutimi t\u00eb fiksuar pa angazhimin e mb\u00ebshtetjes speciale harduerike. P\u00ebr gjenerimin e \u00e7el\u00ebsit sekret t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt p\u00ebrdoret protokolli i Diffie-Hellman n\u00eb ellipsat n\u00eb implementimin <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/cr.yp.to\/ecdh.html\">Curve25519<\/a><\/noindex>, gjithashtu e propozuar nga Daniel Bernstein. P\u00ebr hashing p\u00ebrdoren algoritmi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=35676\">BLAKE2s (RFC7693)<\/a><\/noindex>\u00bb.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nRezultatet <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.com\/performance\/\">t\u00eb testeve t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs<\/a><\/noindex> nga faqja zyrtare:<\/p>\n<p><b>Banda (megabit\/s)<\/b> <br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"N\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux 5.6 u p\u00ebrfshi VPN WireGuard\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/62e73700bf3536fbc2d99ba92df4a67a.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Ping (ms)<\/b> <br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"N\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux 5.6 u p\u00ebrfshi VPN WireGuard\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/597df63e420cd6f44cd5678dbad81160.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h4>Konfigurimi i testit:<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Intel Core i7-3820QM dhe Intel Core i7-5200U<\/li>\n<li>Kartat Gigabit Intel 82579LM dhe Intel I218LM<\/li>\n<li>Linux 4.6.1<\/li>\n<li>Konfigurimi i WireGuard: ChaCha20 256-bit me Poly1305 p\u00ebr MAC<\/li>\n<li>Konfigurimi i par\u00eb IPsec: ChaCha20 256-bit me Poly1305 p\u00ebr MAC<\/li>\n<li>Konfigurimi i dyt\u00eb IPsec: AES-256-GCM-128 (me AES-NI)<\/li>\n<li>Konfigurimi OpenVPN: grupi i enkriptimit t\u00eb barabart\u00eb me AES 256-bit me HMAC-SHA2-256, m\u00ebnyra UDP<\/li>\n<li>Performanca u mat duke p\u00ebrdorur <code>iperf3<\/code>, rezultati mesatar \u00ebsht\u00eb treguar gjat\u00eb 30 minutave.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nTeorikisht, pas integrimit n\u00eb gril\u00ebn rrjet\u00ebrore, WireGuard duhet t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb edhe m\u00eb shpejt. Por n\u00eb realitet, kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb patjet\u00ebr k\u00ebshtu p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kalimit n\u00eb funksionet kriptografike t\u00eb integruara n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb Crypto API. Ndoshta, jo t\u00eb gjitha prej tyre jan\u00eb optimizuar ende n\u00eb nivelin e performanc\u00ebs natyrore t\u00eb WireGuard.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00abNga pik\u00ebpamja ime, WireGuard \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht i p\u00ebrsosur p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesin. T\u00eb gjitha zgjidhjet e nivelit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt jan\u00eb pranuar n\u00eb specifikim, prandaj procesi i p\u00ebrgatitjes s\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs tipike VPN zgjat vet\u00ebm disa minuta. Nuk ka mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb gabosh n\u00eb konfigurim, \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/432686\/\">kemi shkruar<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb Habr\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2018. \u2014 Procesi i instalimit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.com\/install\/\">\u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar n\u00eb detaje<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb faqen zyrtare, t\u00eb ve\u00e7oj mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer p\u00ebr <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/openwrt.org\/docs\/guide-user\/network\/tunneling_interface_protocols#protocol_wireguard_wireguard_vpn\">OpenWRT<\/a><\/noindex>. Ky this simplicity of use and compactness of the codebase was achieved by eliminating key distribution. There is no complex certificate system and none of that corporate nightmare; short encryption keys are distributed much like SSH keys.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nThe WireGuard project has been in development since 2015, and it has undergone an audit and <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.com\/formal-verification\/\">verifikimin formal<\/a><\/noindex>. The WireGuard support is integrated into NetworkManager and systemd, and the patches for the kernel are included in the base compositions of the Debian Unstable, Mageia, Alpine, Arch, Gentoo, OpenWrt, NixOS, Subgraph, and ALT distributions.<br \/>\n<br \/>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dcmiran\/blog\/486046\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0451\u0441 \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 net-next \u0441 VPN-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 WireGuard. \u041e\u0431 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 WireGuard. \u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.6. WireGuard \u2014 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0439 VPN \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f. \u041e\u043d \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c VPN. \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u00a0\u2014 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0451\u0441 \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 net-next \u0441 VPN-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 WireGuard.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri 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