{"id":74853,"date":"2020-03-21T08:42:40","date_gmt":"2020-03-21T05:42:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra"},"modified":"2020-03-21T08:42:40","modified_gmt":"2020-03-21T05:42:40","slug":"linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra","title":{"rendered":"Kernel Linux 5.6 \u2014 \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb presim n\u00eb versionin e ri t\u00eb kernelit","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00ebshimi i Linux kernel 5.6 pritet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb marsit. N\u00eb materialin e sot\u00ebm diskutojm\u00eb mbi ndryshimet e ardhshme \u2014 sistemin e ri t\u00eb files, protokollin WireGuard dhe p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimet e drejtor\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

\"Kernel<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\nFoto \u2014 lucas huffman<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Protokolli i shum\u00ebpritur VPN<\/h2>\n

\nDavid Miller, p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr n\u00ebn-sistemin rrjetor t\u00eb Linux, vendosi t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshij\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn e kernelit WireGuard. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tunel VPN, i zhvilluar nga kompanin\u00eb e siguris\u00eb Edge Security. Ideja diskutuam<\/a><\/noindex> u mb\u00ebshtetje dy vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb \u2014 at\u00ebher\u00eb mb\u00ebshteti<\/a><\/noindex> vet\u00eb Linus Torvalds \u2014 megjithat\u00eb realizimi u vonua. Projekti ishte fort i lidhur me funksionet kriptike t\u00eb Edge Security. Por gjasht\u00eb muaj m\u00eb par\u00eb autor\u00ebt e protokollit t\u00eb ri b\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb kompromis dhe kaluan<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb API-n\u00eb Crypto t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur nga b\u00ebrthama.<\/p>\n

Ka opinion<\/a><\/noindex>, q\u00eb n\u00eb perspektiv\u00eb WireGuard mund t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsoj\u00eb OpenVPN. Sipas testeve<\/a><\/noindex>, kapaciteti i protokollit t\u00eb ri \u00ebsht\u00eb kat\u00ebr her\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb se ai i OpenVPN: 1011 Mbit\/s p\u00ebrball\u00eb 258 Mbit\/s. Por duhet t\u00eb theksohet se kalimi n\u00eb Crypto API t\u00eb standardizuar mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsoj\u00eb performanc\u00ebn.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nNj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7ori e WireGuard \u2014 ai nuk nd\u00ebrpret lidhjen<\/a><\/noindex>, edhe n\u00ebse p\u00ebrdoruesi merr nj\u00eb adres\u00eb IP t\u00eb re, dhe zgjidh vet\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e orientimit. P\u00ebr k\u00ebto q\u00ebllime, \u00e7do nd\u00ebrfaqe rrjeti lidhet me nj\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebs privat. Ai gjenerohet p\u00ebrmes protokollit Diffie-Hellman<\/a><\/noindex>. Kriptimi bazohet<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb ChaCha20 dhe algoritmin Poly1305<\/a><\/noindex>. K\u00ebto konsiderohen si p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime ndaj AES-256-CTR dhe HMAC<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Sistemi i ri i files<\/h2>\n

\nKy sistem u b\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> Zonefs, i paraqitur nga inxhinier\u00ebt e Western Digital. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb projektuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar me pajisje ruajtjeje t\u00eb zonuara (zoned storage<\/a><\/noindex>). K\u00ebto jan\u00eb ruajt\u00ebs bllokesh, hap\u00ebsira adresuese e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb e ndar\u00eb n\u00eb zona (p.sh., NVMe SSD). Sistemi i files lejon trajtimin e \u00e7do zone si nj\u00eb file \u2014 pra, p\u00ebrdorimi i API-ve t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta n\u00eb vend t\u00eb ioctl<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr t\u00eb aksesuar S.storage. Qasja e ngjashme \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb bazat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave RocksDB dhe LevelDB. Kjo jep mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar kostot e transferimit t\u00eb kodit, n\u00eb fillim i p\u00ebrshtatur p\u00ebr pun\u00eb me skedar\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb Linux tashm\u00eb ka nj\u00eb funksion p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrveprimin me pajisjet bllok. N\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn versioni 4.13 ka dal\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> moduli dm-zoned. Ai paraqet nj\u00eb ruajt\u00ebs t\u00eb zonuar si nj\u00eb pajisje bllok t\u00eb zakonshme, nd\u00ebrsa Zonefs do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb alternative.<\/p>\n

\"Kernel
\nFoto \u2014 Suzan Kir\u0161i\u0107<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 p\u00ebrfshirjes s\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb ri t\u00eb files, zhvilluesit e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs Linux b\u00ebn\u00eb ndryshime n\u00eb ato ekzistuese. U shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> implementuan mekanizmat e kompresimit LZO<\/a><\/noindex>\/LZ4<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr F2FS \u2014 mb\u00ebshtetje e cila do t\u00eb mbetet p\u00ebr momentin eksperimentale. Ajo do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb t\u00eb aktivizohet manualisht gjat\u00eb montimit t\u00eb seksionit (opsioni compress_algorithm<\/i>). Gjithashtu, p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimi do t\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> i EXT4 \u2014 lidhet me operacionet e hyrjes\/ndarjes direkte. Paketa e p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimeve u paraqit nga inxhinieri i IBM Ritesh Harjan. Sipas tij<\/a><\/noindex>, n\u00eb disa raste, patch mund t\u00eb rris\u00eb performanc\u00ebn e sistemit t\u00eb files me 140%.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimet e drejtor\u00ebve<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb do t\u00eb paraqitet nj\u00eb drejtor i ri cpuidle_cooling<\/i>. Ai detyra<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 p\u00ebr t\u00eb ftohur CPU\/SoC, duke integruar ciklet e papuna gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs. N\u00eb nj\u00ebfar\u00eb m\u00ebnyre ai \u00ebsht\u00eb i ngjash\u00ebm me drejtorin PowerClamp p\u00ebr procesor\u00ebt Intel, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur me nj\u00eb arkitektur\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar. Sistemi n\u00eb l\u00ebshuan<\/a><\/noindex> u zhvillua nga specialist\u00ebt e Linaro, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt merren me optimizimin e software-it me kod t\u00eb hapur p\u00ebr platformat ARM.<\/p>\n

Po ashtu do t\u00eb shtohet<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kartat grafike t\u00eb seris\u00eb GeForce 20 (TU10x). Drejtori p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs u zhvillua nga Ben Skeggs nga projekti Nouveau. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, GeForce 16 (TU11x) do t\u00eb mbeten \"jasht\u00eb bregut\" p\u00ebr momentin. Nvidia nuk ofroi imazhe t\u00eb firmuerit, t\u00eb nevojshme p\u00ebr inicializimin e kart\u00ebs. Gjithashtu, kartat grafike t\u00eb reja n\u00ebn Linux mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballen me probleme n\u00eb performanc\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb reklojes \u2014 menaxhimi automatik i frekuencave. N\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur se drejtor\u00ebt Nouveau mund t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> 20\u201330% m\u00eb ngadal\u00eb se origjinal\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

\"Kernel
\nFoto \u2014 Andrew Abbate<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Gjithashtu, b\u00ebrthama e re do t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> USB4. Ndryshimet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse propozuan<\/a><\/noindex> inxhinier\u00ebt nga Intel. Ata modifikuan baz\u00ebn ekzistuese t\u00eb kodit t\u00eb lidhur me Thunderbolt \u2014 kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth dy mij\u00eb rreshta.<\/p>\n

Sigurisht, k\u00ebto nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimet q\u00eb do t\u00eb vijn\u00eb n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb \u2014 p\u00ebr shembull, pritet<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr pajisje periferike shtes\u00eb dhe pajisje rrjeti. Gjithashtu, b\u00ebrthama 5.6 do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e para b\u00ebrtham\u00eb 32-bit, ku do t\u00eb zgjidh\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> problemin e vitit 2038.<\/a><\/noindex>. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb janarit inxhinier\u00ebt b\u00ebn\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> ndryshimet p\u00ebrfundimtare n\u00eb nfsd, xfs, alsa dhe v4l2. Ata shpresojn\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb tet\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb vitet e mbetura, p\u00ebrdoruesit dhe zhvilluesit e distribucioneve do t\u00eb ken\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn 5.6 (ose versionet e saj q\u00eb do t\u00eb pasojn\u00eb).<\/p>\n

Materialet p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb tem\u00eb nga blogu korporativ 1cloud.ru:<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Kernel Pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e superkompjuter\u00ebve punon n\u00ebn menaxhimin e Linux-it \u2014 diskutojm\u00eb situat\u00ebn<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Kernel Si t\u00eb siguroni nj\u00eb sistem Linux: 10 k\u00ebshilla<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb n\u00eb Habr:<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Kernel Analizojm\u00eb rekomandimet p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave personale dhe siguris\u00eb \u2014 \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb theksojm\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Kernel P\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb, fotonin e teletransportuan nga nj\u00eb \u00e7ip n\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Kernel Si sektori IT ndihmon bot\u00ebn t\u00eb hedh\u00eb m\u00eb pak ushqim<\/a><\/noindex><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Burimi: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 Linux kernel 5.6 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0433\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b WireGuard \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u2014 lucas huffman \u2014 Unsplash \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 VPN-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0414\u044d\u0432\u0438\u0434 \u041c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440 (David Miller), \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 Linux, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 WireGuard. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u2014 VPN-\u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u0418\u0411-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Edge Security. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":74854,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Linux kernel 5.6 \u2014 \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb presim nga versioni i ri i b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs | ProHoster","description":"L\u00ebshimi i kernelit Linux 5.6 pritet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb 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