{"id":76046,"date":"2020-03-30T19:42:02","date_gmt":"2020-03-30T17:42:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-6"},"modified":"2020-03-30T19:42:02","modified_gmt":"2020-03-30T17:42:02","slug":"reliz-yadra-linux-5-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-6","title":{"rendered":"Publikimi i kernelit Linux 5.6","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pas dy muajsh zhvillimi, Linus Torvalds <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2020\/3\/29\/379\">paraqiti<\/a><\/noindex> l\u00ebshimi i kernelit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/\">Linux 5.6<\/a><\/noindex>Disa n\u00eb ndryshimet m\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme: integrimi i nd\u00ebrfaqes VPN WireGuard, mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr USB4, hap\u00ebsirat em\u00ebrore p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn, mund\u00ebsia e krijimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuesve t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs TCP p\u00ebrmes BPF, mb\u00ebshtetje fillestare p\u00ebr MultiPath TCP, zgjidhja e problemit t\u00eb vitit 2038 n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb, mekanizmi \"bootconfig\", FS ZoneFS.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb versionin e ri jan\u00eb pranuar 13702 p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime nga 1810 zhvillues,<br \/>\np\u00ebrmasat e patches - 40 MB (modifikimet prekin 11577 skedar\u00eb, shtuar 610012 rreshta kodi,<br \/>\nu hoq\u00ebn 294828 rreshta). Rreth 45% e t\u00eb gjitha<br \/>\nndryshimeve t\u00eb paraqitura n\u00eb 5.6 lidhen me driver\u00ebt e pajisjeve, af\u00ebrsisht 15% e ndryshimeve kan\u00eb<br \/>\nt\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e kodit specifik p\u00ebr arkitekturat harduerike, 12%<br \/>\nt\u00eb lidhura me struktur\u00ebn rrjet\u00ebrore, 4% - lidhur me sistemet e skedar\u00ebve dhe 3% n\u00eb brend\u00ebsi<br \/>\nt\u00eb kernelit. <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kernelnewbies.org\/Linux_5.6\">Main<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/811230\/\">innovations<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Sistemi rrjetor<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51997\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> implementimi i nd\u00ebrfaqes VPN  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.io\/\">WireGuard<\/a><\/noindex>, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar mbi metoda moderne t\u00eb kriptimit (ChaCha20, Poly1305, Curve25519, BLAKE2s), \u00ebsht\u00eb e thjesht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u p\u00ebrdorur, pa kompleksitete t\u00eb panevojshme, ka d\u00ebshmuar vler\u00ebn e saj n\u00eb disa implementime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe ofron performanc\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb (3,9 her\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb throughput se OpenVPN). WireGuard p\u00ebrdor konceptin e rutimit sipas \u00e7el\u00ebsave t\u00eb kriptimit, q\u00eb n\u00ebnkupton lidhjen e nj\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsi privat me \u00e7do nd\u00ebrfaqe rrjeti dhe p\u00ebrdorimin e \u00e7el\u00ebsave publik\u00eb p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrlidhje. Shk\u00ebmbimi i \u00e7el\u00ebsave publik\u00eb p\u00ebr vendosjen e lidhjes kryhet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme me SSH. Primitive-t kriptografike t\u00eb nevojshme p\u00ebr funksionimin e WireGuard <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=0ed42a6f431e930b2e8fae21955406e09fe75d70\">isht\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=66d7fb94e4ffe5acc589e0b2b4710aecc1f07a28\">jan\u00eb transferuar<\/a><\/noindex> nga biblioteka  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=49064\">Zinc<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen e Crypto API standard dhe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=ed20078b7e3331e82828be357147af6a3282e4ce\">are packages with proprietary NVIDIA drivers. For systems with NVIDIA graphics chips, free \"Nouveau\" drivers continue to be offered by default, while proprietary drivers are available as an option for quick installation after the installation is completed;<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen e kernelit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52256\">5.5<\/a><\/noindex>.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=bd2463ac7d7ec51d432f23bf0e893fb371a908cd\">Ka filluar<\/a><\/noindex> integrimi i komponent\u00ebve t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetjen e MPTCP (MultiPath TCP), nj\u00eb zgjerim i protokollit TCP p\u00ebr organizimin e funksionimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhjeje TCP me d\u00ebrgimin e paketave nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht n\u00eb disa rrug\u00eb p\u00ebrmes nd\u00ebrfaqeve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb rrjetit, t\u00eb lidhura me adresa t\u00eb ndryshme IP. P\u00ebr aplikacionet e rrjetit, nj\u00eb lidhje e till\u00eb e agreguar duket si nj\u00eb lidhje e zakonshme TCP, nd\u00ebrsa e gjith\u00eb logjika e ndarjes s\u00eb rrjedhave kryhet nga vet\u00eb MPTCP. Multipath TCP mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret si p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur bandwidth-in, ashtu edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtuar besueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb. P\u00ebr shembull, MPTCP mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr organizimin e transmetimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb nj\u00eb smartphone duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht lidhjet WiFi dhe 4G, ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb ulur kostot duke lidhur serverin p\u00ebrmes disa lidhjeve m\u00eb t\u00eb lira n\u00eb vend t\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhjeje t\u00eb vetme m\u00eb t\u00eb shtrenjt\u00eb.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=dcc68b4d8084\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr disiplin\u00ebn e p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb radh\u00ebve t\u00eb rrjetit sch_ets (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/1.ieee802.org\/dcb\/802-1qaz\/\">Enhanced Transmission Selection<\/a><\/noindex>, IEEE 802.1Qaz), e cila mund\u00ebson shp\u00ebrndarjen e gjer\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb brezit midis klasave t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb trafikut. N\u00ebse ngarkesa n\u00eb nj\u00eb klas\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar trafiku \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt se gjer\u00ebsia e brezit e caktuar, ETS u lejon klasave t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb trafikut t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin gjer\u00ebsin\u00eb e brezit t\u00eb disponueshme (t\u00eb pap\u00ebrdorur). Qdisc sch_ets konfigurohet si disiplin\u00eb PRIO dhe p\u00ebrdor klasa trafiku p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar kufizime t\u00eb rrepta dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta t\u00eb gjer\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb brezit. ETS funksionon si nj\u00eb kombinim i disiplinave <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/linux.die.net\/man\/8\/tc-prio\">PRIO<\/a><\/noindex> dhe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man8\/tc-drr.8.html\">DRR<\/a><\/noindex> - n\u00ebse ka klasa t\u00eb kufizuara t\u00eb trafikut, p\u00ebrdoret PRIO, por n\u00ebse nuk ka n\u00eb radh\u00eb, funksionon si DRR.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb lloj i ri i programeve BPF <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=27ae7997a661\">BPF_PROG_TYPE_STRUCT_OPS<\/a><\/noindex>, q\u00eb b\u00ebn t\u00eb mundur implementimin e trajtuesve t\u00eb funksioneve t\u00eb kernelit p\u00ebrmes BPF. Aktualisht kjo mund\u00ebsi mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret tashm\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb implementuar algoritme t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb kongjestionit TCP n\u00eb form\u00ebn e programeve BPF. Si shembull, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=09903869f69f\">\u00ebsht\u00eb propozuar<\/a><\/noindex> nj\u00eb program BPF me implementimin e algoritmit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc8257\">DCTCP<\/a><\/noindex>.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb kernel jan\u00eb pranuar <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=1b3b289fd8da\">ndryshime<\/a><\/noindex>, t\u00eb cilat kalojn\u00eb instrumentarin  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ethtool\">ethtool<\/a><\/noindex> nga ioctl() n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=2b4a8990b7df\">nd\u00ebrfaqes netlink<\/a><\/noindex>. Nd\u00ebrfaqja e re thjeshton shtimin e zgjerimeve, p\u00ebrmir\u00ebson trajtimin e gabimeve, lejon d\u00ebrgimin e njoftimeve kur ndryshon gjendja, thjeshton nd\u00ebrveprimin midis kernelit dhe hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit dhe zvog\u00eblon numrin e listave em\u00ebrore q\u00eb duhen sinkronizuar.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar implementimi i algoritmit t\u00eb menaxhimit t\u00eb radh\u00ebve t\u00eb rrjetit FQ-PIE (Flow Queue PIE), i synuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb ulur ndikimin negativ t\u00eb buferimit t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebm t\u00eb paketave n\u00eb pajisjet kufitare t\u00eb rrjetit (bufferbloat). FQ-PIE tregon efikasitet t\u00eb lart\u00eb kur p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb sisteme me modem\u00eb kabllor\u00eb.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Sistemi i disqeve, hyrja\/ dalje dhe sistemet e skedar\u00ebve<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr sistemin e skedar\u00ebve Btrfs <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52228\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar implementimi asinkron i operacionit DISCARD (sh\u00ebnimi i blloqeve t\u00eb liruara, t\u00eb cilat tashm\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb ruhen fizikisht). Fillimisht, operacionet DISCARD kryheshin n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb sinkrone, gj\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb \u00e7onte n\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb pritjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb komandave p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse nga pajisjet e ruajtjes. Implementimi asinkron b\u00ebn t\u00eb mundur q\u00eb t\u00eb mos pritet p\u00ebrfundimi i DISCARD nga pajisja e ruajtjes dhe q\u00eb ky operacion t\u00eb ekzekutohet n\u00eb sfond.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb XFS <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=91f1a9566f387137f2da1957792a8f9f07cd058f\">\u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar<\/a><\/noindex> pastrim i kodit ku p\u00ebrdoreshin num\u00ebruesit e vjet\u00ebr 32-bit t\u00eb koh\u00ebs (lloji time_t \u00ebsht\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar me time64_t), t\u00eb cil\u00ebt \u00e7onin te problemi i vitit 2038. Jan\u00eb eliminuar gabimet dhe d\u00ebmtimet e memories q\u00eb shfaqeshin n\u00eb platformat 32-bit. Kodi \u00ebsht\u00eb ripunuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar me atributet e zgjeruara.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb sistemin e skedar\u00ebve ext4 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=e5da4c933c50d98d7990a7c1ca0bbf8946e80c4a\">b\u00ebr\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb optimizime t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs q\u00eb lidhen me p\u00ebrpunimin e bllokimit t\u00eb inode gjat\u00eb operacioneve t\u00eb leximit dhe shkrimit. \u00cbsht\u00eb rritur performanca e rishkrimit n\u00eb modalitetin e hyrje\/daljes direkte (Direct I\/O). P\u00ebr t\u00eb thjeshtuar diagnostikimin e problemeve, \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar ruajtja n\u00eb superbllok e kodit t\u00eb par\u00eb dhe t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb gabimit.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb sistemin e skedar\u00ebve F2FS <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=4c8ff7095bef\">\u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar<\/a><\/noindex> mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb shkurtuar. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb skedar t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb ose katalog, kompaktimi mund t\u00eb aktivizohet me komand\u00ebn \"chattr +c file\" ose \"chattr +c dir; touch dir\/file\". P\u00ebr kompaktimin e t\u00ebr\u00eb pjes\u00ebs, n\u00eb utilitarin mount mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret mund\u00ebsia \"-o compress_extension=ext\".\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje t\u00eb kernelit \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb sistemi i skedar\u00ebve <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52092\">ZoneFS<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili thjeshton pun\u00ebn n\u00eb nivel t\u00eb ul\u00ebt me pajisjet e ruajtjes t\u00eb zonuara. Me ruajt\u00ebs t\u00eb zonuar n\u00ebnkuptohen pajisje me disqe t\u00eb forta magnetike ose NVMe SSD, hap\u00ebsira e ruajtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb cilave ndahet n\u00eb zona q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb grupe blloqesh ose sektor\u00ebsh, ku lejohet vet\u00ebm shtimi sekuencial i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsim t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb grupit t\u00eb blloqeve. Sistemi i skedar\u00ebve ZoneFS \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar nga Western Digital dhe lidh \u00e7do zon\u00eb n\u00eb pajisjen e ruajtjes me nj\u00eb skedar t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, i cili mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb modalitetin raw pa manipulime n\u00eb nivel sektori dhe blloku, pra u mund\u00ebson aplikacioneve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin API-n e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve n\u00eb vend t\u00eb qasjes s\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb te pajisja bllok me ndihm\u00ebn e ioctl.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb NFS, montimi i pjes\u00ebve mbi UDP \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb paracaktuar. Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb caktuar n\u00eb specifikimin NFS 4.2 p\u00ebr kopjimin direkt t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve midis server\u00ebve. Shtuar nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb re montimi \"softreval\", n\u00eb rast t\u00eb nj\u00eb d\u00ebshtimi t\u00eb serverit, lejon p\u00ebrdorimin e vlerave t\u00eb ruajtura n\u00eb cache t\u00eb atributeve. P\u00ebr shembull, duke specifikuar k\u00ebt\u00eb mund\u00ebsi pas paprekshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb serverit, mbahet mund\u00ebsia e l\u00ebvizjes n\u00eb rrug\u00ebt n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn NFS dhe qasja n\u00eb informacionin q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb akumuluar n\u00eb cache.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=c8994374d90b5823b3b29a5e5d8648ac418b57b4\">\u00cbsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> Optimizim i performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb mekanizmit fs-verity, i p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr kontrollin e integritetit dhe verifikimin e autenticitetit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb rritur shpejt\u00ebsia e leximit sekuencial fal\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb pem\u00ebs hash Merkle. \u00cbsht\u00eb optimizuar performanca e FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY kur t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat mungojn\u00eb n\u00eb cache (\u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur leximi paraprak i faqeve me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna).\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Virtualizimi dhe siguria<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shpallur e vjetruar mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuar modulin SELinux gjat\u00eb funksionimit, dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen shkarkimi i SELinux t\u00eb aktivizuar do t\u00eb ndalohet. P\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuar SELinux, do t\u00eb nevojitet t\u00eb konfigurohet parametri \"selinux=0\" n\u00eb komand\u00ebn e linj\u00ebs s\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=769071ac9f20\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> Mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr hap\u00ebsirat e emrave t\u00eb koh\u00ebs (time namespaces), q\u00eb lejojn\u00eb lidhjen e gjendjes s\u00eb or\u00ebs s\u00eb sistemit me kontejnerin (CLOCK_REALTIME,<br \/>\nCLOCK_MONOTONIC, CLOCK_BOOTTIME), p\u00ebrdorimin e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb vet brenda kontejnerit dhe ruajtjen e pandryshueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb vlerave t\u00eb CLOCK_MONOTONIC dhe CLOCK_BOOTTIME gjat\u00eb migrimit t\u00eb kontejnerit n\u00eb nj\u00eb host tjet\u00ebr (duke marr\u00eb parasysh koh\u00ebn pas nisjes, me ose pa p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb koh\u00ebn n\u00eb gjendje gjumi).<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb hequr poole i bllokuesh\u00ebm \/dev\/random. Sjellja e \/dev\/random \u00ebsht\u00eb afruar me at\u00eb t\u00eb \/dev\/urandom p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket parandalimit t\u00eb bllokimit nga entropia pas inicializimit t\u00eb pool-it.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen kryesore t\u00eb kernelit \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb nj\u00eb driver q\u00eb u mund\u00ebson sistemeve guest q\u00eb ekzekutohen n\u00ebn VirtualBox t\u00eb montojn\u00eb direktorit\u00eb e eksportuara nga mjedisi host (VirtualBox Shared Folder).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb n\u00ebnsistemin BPF \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb grup patch-esh (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/808503\/\">BPF dispatcher<\/a><\/noindex>), i cili, n\u00eb kushtet e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb mekanizmit Retpoline p\u00ebr mbrojtje nga sulmet e klas\u00ebs Spectre V2, mund\u00ebson rritjen e efikasitetit t\u00eb thirrjes s\u00eb programeve BPF kur ndodhin ngjarjet e lidhura me to (p\u00ebr shembull, mund\u00ebson p\u00ebrshpejtimin e thirrjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuesve XDP gjat\u00eb ardhjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb pakete rrjeti).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb driver p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetjen e mjediseve TEE (Trusted Execution Environment) t\u00eb integruara n\u00eb APU-t\u00eb AMD.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Memorie dhe sh\u00ebrbime sistemike<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb BPF \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr funksione globale. Zhvillimi po kryhet n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb nism\u00ebs p\u00ebr shtimin e mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr biblioteka funksionesh q\u00eb mund t\u00eb lidhen n\u00eb programet BPF. Hapi i ardhsh\u00ebm do t\u00eb jet\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr zgjerime dinamike, q\u00eb do t\u00eb lejojn\u00eb ngarkimin e funksioneve globale, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimin e funksioneve globale ekzistuese gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb tyre. N\u00eb n\u00ebnsistemin BPF \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar gjithashtu mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr nj\u00eb variant t\u00eb operacionit map (i p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme), q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet ekzekutimin n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb batch.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=0a1990a2d1f2\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> dispositivi \"cpu_cooling\" q\u00eb lejon ftohjen e CPU t\u00eb tepruar duke e kaluar n\u00eb gjendje pushimi (idle) p\u00ebr periudha t\u00eb shkurtra kohe.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar thirrja sistemore <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/796868\/\">openat2()<\/a><\/noindex>, duke ofruar nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb shtesave p\u00ebr t\u00eb kufizuar rezolut\u00ebn e rrug\u00ebs s\u00eb skedar\u00ebve (ndalimi i nd\u00ebrthurjes s\u00eb pikave t\u00eb montimit, lidhjeve simbolike, lidhjeve magjike (\/proc\/PID\/fd), komponenteve \"..\/\").\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr sistemet heterogjene t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn big.LITTLE, q\u00eb kombinojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7ip b\u00ebrthama CPU t\u00eb fuqishme dhe b\u00ebrthama m\u00eb pak produktive por me efikasitet energjetik, gjat\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb detyrave n\u00eb koh\u00eb reale \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar vendosja e parametrit uclamp_min (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50201\">i shfaqur<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb kernelin 5.3, mekanizmi i fiksimit t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs). Ky paramet\u00ebr garanton q\u00eb detyra do t\u00eb vendoset nga planifikuesi n\u00eb nj\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb CPU me performanc\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme.\n<li class=\"l\"> Kerneli \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7liruar nga <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_2038_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0\">problemi i vitit 2038<\/a><\/noindex>. Jan\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar trajtuesit e fundit t\u00eb mbetur, ku p\u00ebr num\u00ebruesin e koh\u00ebs Unix p\u00ebrdorej tipi 32-bit (signed int) time_t, i cili, duke llogaritur nga viti 1970, duhet t\u00eb tejmbushet n\u00eb vitin 2038.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ka vazhduar p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i nd\u00ebrfaqes s\u00eb hyrje\/daljes asinkrone <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50631#io_uring\">io_uring<\/a><\/noindex>, ku  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/810414\/\">\u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr operacione t\u00eb reja: IORING_OP_FALLOCATE (rezervimi i zonave bosh), IORING_OP_OPENAT,<br \/>\n    IORING_OP_OPENAT2,<br \/>\n    IORING_OP_CLOSE (hapja dhe mbyllja e skedar\u00ebve),<br \/>\n    IORING_OP_FILES_UPDATE (shtimi dhe heqja e skedar\u00ebve nga lista e aksesit t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb),<br \/>\n IORING_OP_STATX (k\u00ebrkimi i informacionit p\u00ebr skedarin),<br \/>\n    IORING_OP_READ,<br \/>\n    IORING_OP_WRITE (analoge t\u00eb thjeshtuara t\u00eb IORING_OP_READV dhe IORING_OP_WRITEV),<br \/>\n    IORING_OP_FADVISE,<br \/>\n    IORING_OP_MADVISE (variante asinkrone t\u00eb thirrjeve posix_fadvise dhe madvise), IORING_OP_SEND,<br \/>\n    IORING_OP_RECV (d\u00ebrgimi dhe marrja e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb rrjetit),<br \/>\n    IORING_OP_EPOLL_CTL (ekzekutimi i operacioneve mbi deskriptor\u00ebt e skedar\u00ebve epoll).<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar thirrja sistemore <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/808997\/\">pidfd_getfd()<\/a><\/noindex>, q\u00eb i jep mund\u00ebsi procesit t\u00eb marr\u00eb nga nj\u00eb proces tjet\u00ebr deskriptorin e skedarit t\u00eb hapur.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/7b9b816f4b9a\">\u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar<\/a><\/noindex> mekanizmi \"bootconfig\", q\u00eb lejon p\u00ebrcaktimin e parametrave t\u00eb funksionimit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb skedari konfigurimi p\u00ebrve\u00e7 opsioneve t\u00eb komand\u00ebs. P\u00ebr t\u00eb shtuar skedar\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb n\u00eb imazhin initramfs, \u00ebsht\u00eb ofruar utilitari bootconfig. Kjo mund\u00ebsi mund t\u00eb aplikohet, p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebr konfigurimin e kprobes gjat\u00eb ngarkimit.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=0ddad21d3e99\">Rishikuar<\/a><\/noindex> mekanizmi i pritjes p\u00ebr shkrimin dhe leximin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb kanale pa em\u00ebr (pipe). Ky ndryshim b\u00ebri t\u00eb mundur p\u00ebrshpejtimin e ekzekutimit t\u00eb detyrave t\u00eb tilla si kompilimi paralel i projekteve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Megjithat\u00eb, optimizimi mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb nj\u00eb race condition n\u00eb GNU make p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nj\u00eb gabimi n\u00eb versionin 4.2.1, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb korrigjuar n\u00eb versionin 4.3.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb prctl() \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar flamuri PR_SET_IO_FLUSHER, i cili mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb sh\u00ebnuar proceset q\u00eb merren me lirimin e memories dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat nuk duhet t\u00eb zbatohen kufizime n\u00eb rast mungese memorieje n\u00eb sistem.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bazuar n\u00eb sistemin e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb memories ION t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb Android, \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar n\u00ebnsistemi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/792733\/\">dma-buf heaps<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili mund\u00ebson menaxhimin e alokimit t\u00eb DMA buffers p\u00ebr ndarjen e zonave t\u00eb memories nd\u00ebrmjet driver\u00ebve, aplikacioneve dhe n\u00ebnsistemeve t\u00eb ndryshme.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Arkitekturat harduerike<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr zgjerimin E0PD, i prezantuar n\u00eb ARMv8.5, i cili mund\u00ebson zbatimin e mbrojtjes ndaj sulmeve q\u00eb lidhen me ekzekutimin spekulativ t\u00eb instruksioneve n\u00eb CPU. Mbrojtja e bazuar n\u00eb E0PD sjell m\u00eb pak overhead se mbrojtja KPTI (Kernel Page Table Isolation).\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr sistemet e bazuara n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn ARMv8.5 \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr instruksionin RNG, i cili ofron qasje te gjeneratori harduerik i numrave pseudorast\u00ebsor\u00eb. N\u00eb kernel, instruksioni RNG p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr krijimin e entropis\u00eb gjat\u00eb inicializimit t\u00eb gjeneratorit t\u00eb numrave pseudorast\u00ebsor\u00eb q\u00eb ofrohet nga kerneli.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb hequr mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr zgjerimet MPX (Memory Protection Extensions), e shtuar n\u00eb kernel <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=41634\">3.19<\/a><\/noindex> dhe q\u00eb mund\u00ebsonte kontrollin e pointer\u00ebve p\u00ebr respektimin e kufijve t\u00eb zonave t\u00eb memories. Kjo teknologji nuk u p\u00ebrhap n\u00eb compiler\u00eb dhe u hoq nga GCC.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn RISC-V \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr mjetin e diagnostikimit KASan (Kernel address sanitizer), i cili mund\u00ebson zbulimin e gabimeve gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs me memorien.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Pajisje<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb implementuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr specifikimin <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usb.org\/document-library\/usb4tm-specification\">USB 4.0<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili bazohet n\u00eb protokollin Thunderbolt 3 dhe ofron bandwidth deri n\u00eb 40 Gbit\/s, duke ruajtur p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebrin\u00eb prapa me USB 2.0 dhe USB 3.2. Ashtu si <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thunderbolt\">Thunderbolt<\/a><\/noindex> nd\u00ebrfaqja USB 4.0 mund\u00ebson tunelimin e protokolleve t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb kablli t\u00eb vet\u00ebm me lidh\u00ebs <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USB_Type-C\">Type-C<\/a><\/noindex>, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb PCIe, Display Port dhe USB 3.x, si edhe implementime softuerike t\u00eb protokolleve, p\u00ebr shembull p\u00ebr organizimin e lidhjeve t\u00eb rrjetit midis hosteve. Implementimi bazohet n\u00eb drejtuesin Thunderbolt q\u00eb tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e kernelit Linux dhe e p\u00ebrshtat at\u00eb p\u00ebr pun\u00eb me hoste dhe pajisje t\u00eb pajtueshme me USB4. Ndryshimet shtojn\u00eb gjithashtu mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr pajisjet Thunderbolt 3 n\u00eb implementimin softuerik t\u00eb menaxherit t\u00eb lidhjeve (Connection Manager), i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr krijimin e tuneleve p\u00ebr lidhjen e disa pajisjeve p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb porte t\u00eb vetme.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drejtuesin amdgpu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=9f68e3655aae6d49d6ba05dd263f99f33c2567af\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetja fillestare p\u00ebr teknologjin\u00eb e mbrojtjes nga kopjimi HDCP 2.x (High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection). \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr \u00e7ipin ASIC AMD Pollock, i bazuar n\u00eb Raven 2. \u00cbsht\u00eb realizuar mund\u00ebsia e rivendosjes s\u00eb GPU p\u00ebr familjet Renoir dhe Navi.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drejtuesin DRM p\u00ebr kartat grafike Intel <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=9f68e3655aae6d49d6ba05dd263f99f33c2567af\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr DSI VDSC p\u00ebr \u00e7ipet e bazuara n\u00eb mikroarkitektur\u00ebn Ice Lake dhe Tiger Lake, \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar LMEM mmap (device local memory), \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar analizimi i VBT (Video BIOS Table), si dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr HDCP 2.2 p\u00ebr \u00e7ipet Coffee Lake.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ka vazhduar puna p\u00ebr unifikimin e kodit t\u00eb drejtuesit amdkfd (p\u00ebr GPU diskrete, si Fiji, Tonga, Polaris) me drejtuesin amdgpu.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb ripunuar drejtuesi k10temp, ku \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr shfaqjen e parametrave t\u00eb tensionit dhe rrym\u00ebs p\u00ebr CPU AMD Zen, si edhe e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb zgjeruara nga sensor\u00ebt e temperatur\u00ebs q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb CPU Zen dhe Zen 2.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drejtuesin nouveau <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=9f68e3655aae6d49d6ba05dd263f99f33c2567af\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr modalitetin e nisjes s\u00eb verifikuar t\u00eb firmware-it p\u00ebr GPU NVIDIA t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb mikroarkitektur\u00ebn Turing (GeForce RTX 2000), gj\u00eb q\u00eb b\u00ebri t\u00eb mundur aktivizimin e mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr p\u00ebrshpejtimin 3D p\u00ebr k\u00ebto karta (k\u00ebrkohet ngarkimi i firmware-it zyrtar me n\u00ebnshkrim dixhital nga NVIDIA). Gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr motorin grafik TU10x. Jan\u00eb zgjidhur problemet me HD Audio.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr kompresimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave gjat\u00eb transmetimit p\u00ebrmes DisplayPort MST (Multi-Stream Transport).\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar nj\u00eb driver t\u00eb ri \"<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/796850\/\">ath11k<\/a><\/noindex>\u00bb p\u00ebr \u00e7ip\u00ebt pa tel Qualcomm me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr 802.11ax.<br \/>\nDrejtuesi bazohet n\u00eb stack-un mac80211 dhe mb\u00ebshtet modalitetet e pik\u00ebs s\u00eb aksesit, stacionit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs dhe nyj\u00ebs s\u00eb rrjetit Mesh.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebrmes sysfs \u00ebsht\u00eb ofruar qasje te leximet e sensor\u00ebve t\u00eb temperatur\u00ebs t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb hard disqet moderne dhe SSD.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=80fe7430c708\">Jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> ndryshime thelb\u00ebsore n\u00eb sistemin audio ALSA, t\u00eb fokusuara n\u00eb eliminimin e kodit nga <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_2038_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0\">problemi i vitit 2038<\/a><\/noindex> (heqja dor\u00eb nga p\u00ebrdorimi i tipit 32-bit time_t n\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqet snd_pcm_mmap_status dhe snd_pcm_mmap_control). \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr kodek\u00eb t\u00eb rinj audio<br \/>\n Qualcomm WCD9340\/WCD9341, Realtek RT700, RT711, RT715, RT1308, Ingenic JZ4770.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=9f68e3655aae6d49d6ba05dd263f99f33c2567af\">shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> drejtues p\u00ebr panelet LCD Logic PD 28, Jimax8729d MIPI-DSI, igenic JZ4770, Sony acx424AKP, Leadtek LTK500HD1829, Xinpeng XPP055C272, AUO B116XAK01, GiantPlus GPM940B0,<br \/>\n    BOE NV140FHM-N49,<br \/>\n    Satoz SAT050AT40H12R2,<br \/>\n    Sharp LS020B1DD01D.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=1afa9c3b7c9bdcb562e2afe9f58cc99d0b071cdc\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr pllakat ARM dhe platformat Gen1 Amazon Echo (OMAP3630-based), Samsung Galaxy S III mini (GT-I8190), Allwinner Emlid Neutis, Libre Computer ALL-H3-IT, PineH64 Model B, Aibretech Amlogic GX PC,<br \/>\n Armada SolidRun Clearfog GTR, NXPGateworks GW59xx,<br \/>\nlexuesi i librave elektronik\u00eb Tolino Shine 3,<br \/>\n Embedded Artists COM (i.MX7ULP), SolidRun Clearfog CX\/ITX dhe HoneyComb (LX2160A), Google Coral Edge TPU (i.MX8MQ),<br \/>\n Rockchip Radxa Dalang Carrier, Radxa Rock Pi N10, VMARC RK3399Pro SOM<br \/>\nST Ericsson HREF520, Inforce 6640, SC7180 IDP, Atmel\/Microchip AM9X60 (ARM926 SoC, Kizboxmini), ST stm32mp15, AM3703\/AM3715\/DM3725, ST Ericsson ab8505, Unisoc SC9863A, Qualcomm SC7180. \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr kontrolluesin PCIe, i p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb Raspberry Pi 4.<\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, Fondi i Softuerit t\u00eb Lir\u00eb t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs Latine <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsfla.org\/ikiwiki\/selibre\/linux-libre\/\">formoi<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nnj\u00eb variant <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsfla.org\/ikiwiki\/selibre\/linux-libre\/\">b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb lir\u00eb 5.6<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/linux-libre.fsfla.org\/pub\/linux-libre\/releases\/5.6-gnu\/\">Linux-libre 5.6-gnu<\/a><\/noindex>, t\u00eb pastruar nga element\u00ebt e firmuerit dhe drejtuesit q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb komponent\u00eb jopron\u00ebsor\u00eb ose pjes\u00eb kodi, p\u00ebrdorimi i t\u00eb cilave kufizohet nga prodhuesi. N\u00eb versionin e ri \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuar ngarkimi i blob-eve n\u00eb drejtuesit p\u00ebr AMD TEE, ATH11K dhe Mediatek SCP. \u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar kodi p\u00ebr pastrimin e blob-eve n\u00eb drejtuesit dhe n\u00ebnsistemet AMD PSP, amdgpu dhe nouveau.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52632\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.6. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f VPN-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430 WireGuard, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 USB4, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 TCP \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 BPF, \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 MultiPath TCP, \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b 2038 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c &#171;bootconfig&#187;, \u0424\u0421 ZoneFS. \u0412 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043e 13702 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0442 1810 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-76046","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One 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