{"id":76911,"date":"2020-04-06T07:42:08","date_gmt":"2020-04-06T05:42:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-instrumentariya-upravleniya-kontejnerami-lxc-i-lxd-4-0"},"modified":"2020-04-06T07:42:08","modified_gmt":"2020-04-06T05:42:08","slug":"vypusk-instrumentariya-upravleniya-kontejnerami-lxc-i-lxd-4-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/vypusk-instrumentariya-upravleniya-kontejnerami-lxc-i-lxd-4-0","title":{"rendered":"L\u00ebshimi i mjetit p\u00ebr menaxhimin e kontejner\u00ebve LXC dhe LXD 4.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Kompania Canonical <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ubuntu.com\/blog\/lxd-4-0-lts-stable-release-is-now-available\">publikoi<\/a><\/noindex> l\u00ebshimi i mjetit p\u00ebr organizimin e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb kontejner\u00ebve t\u00eb izoluar <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/linuxcontainers.org\/lxc\/\">LXC 4.0<\/a><\/noindex>, menaxheri i kontejner\u00ebve <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/linuxcontainers.org\/lxd\/\">LXD 4.0<\/a><\/noindex> dhe sistemi virtual i skedar\u00ebve <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/linuxcontainers.org\/lxcfs\/\">LXCFS 4.0<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr simulimin n\u00eb kontejner\u00ebt \/proc, \/sys dhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimin e virtualizuar t\u00eb cgroupfs p\u00ebr distribucione pa mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr hap\u00ebsirat emnash p\u00ebr cgroup. Dega 4.0 i p\u00ebrket l\u00ebshimeve me mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimet e t\u00eb cilave formohen gjat\u00eb 5 vjet\u00ebve<\/p>\n<p>LXC p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb runtime p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtuar si kontejner\u00eb sistemik\u00eb ashtu edhe kontejner\u00eb p\u00ebr aplikacione t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta (OCI). LXC p\u00ebrfshin bibliotek\u00ebn liblxc, nj\u00eb grup mjetesh (lxc-create, lxc-start, lxc-stop, lxc-ls, etj.), modele p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e kontejner\u00ebve dhe nj\u00eb grup lidhjesh p\u00ebr gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme programuese. Izolimi realizohet me mekanizmat standard t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs Linux. P\u00ebr izolimin e proceseve, stek\u00ebve rrjet\u00eb, ipc, uts, identifikator\u00ebve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve dhe pikave t\u00eb montimit p\u00ebrdoret mekanizmi i hap\u00ebsirave emnash (namespaces). P\u00ebr kufizimin e burimeve p\u00ebrdoren cgroups. P\u00ebr uljen e privilegjeve dhe kufizimin e qasjes p\u00ebrdoren mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e tilla t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs si profili Apparmor dhe SELinux, politikat e Seccomp, Chroots (pivot_root) dhe capabilities. Kodi i LXC <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/lxc\/lxc\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn C dhe shp\u00ebrndahet n\u00ebn licenc\u00ebn GPLv2.<\/p>\n<p>LXD p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb shtres\u00eb mbi LXC, CRIU dhe QEMU, e cila p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr menaxhimin qendror t\u00eb kontejner\u00ebve dhe makinave virtuale n\u00eb nj\u00eb ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb server\u00eb. N\u00ebse LXC \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mjet me nivel t\u00eb ul\u00ebt p\u00ebr manipulimin n\u00eb nivelin e kontejner\u00ebve t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, LXD \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar si nj\u00eb proces n\u00eb sfond, duke pranuar k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebrmes RRAPI dhe duke lejuar krijimin e konfigurimeve t\u00eb shkall\u00ebzuara q\u00eb jan\u00eb aktive n\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebnd t\u00eb disa server\u00ebve.<br \/>\nP\u00ebrkrah disa backend t\u00eb ruajtjes (struktur\u00eb direktorish, ZFS, Btrfs, LVM), snapshot me gjendjen e prer\u00eb, migrimin e drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb t\u00eb kontejner\u00ebve n\u00eb pun\u00eb nga nj\u00eb makin\u00eb n\u00eb tjetr\u00ebn dhe mjete p\u00ebr organizimin e ruajtjes s\u00eb imazheve. Kodi i LXD <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/lxc\/lxd\">\u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn Go dhe shp\u00ebrndahet n\u00ebn licenc\u00ebn Apache 2.0.<\/p>\n<p>Karakteristikat kryesore <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/discuss.linuxcontainers.org\/t\/lxc-4-0-lts-has-been-released\/7182\">p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb LXC 4.0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Derdha krejt\u00ebsisht driverin p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn me cgroup. Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr hierarkin\u00eb e unifikuar t\u00eb cgroup (cgroup2). Shtuar funksionalitetin e kontrolluesit freezer, me an\u00eb t\u00eb cilit \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb ndalohet puna n\u00eb cgroup dhe p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht t\u00eb lirohen disa burime (CPU, hyrja\/dalja dhe potencialisht edhe memorje) p\u00ebr kryerjen e detyrave t\u00eb tjera;\n<li class=\"l\"> Realizuar infrastruktura p\u00ebr kapjen e thirrjeve sistemore;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 &#171;pidfd&#187;, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c PID (pidfd \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a PID \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u043a \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430, \u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c PID);\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar krijimi dhe fshirja e pajisjeve rrjet\u00eb, si dhe l\u00ebvizja e tyre midis hap\u00ebsirave t\u00eb emrave t\u00eb n\u00ebn sistemit rrjet\u00eb;\n<li class=\"l\"> Realizuar mund\u00ebsia e l\u00ebvizjes s\u00eb pajisjeve rrjet\u00eb pa tel (nl80211) n\u00eb kontejner\u00eb.\n<\/ul>\n<p>Karakteristikat kryesore  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/discuss.linuxcontainers.org\/t\/lxd-4-0-lts-has-been-released\/7231\/\">p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb LXD 4.0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr ekzekutimin jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb kontejner\u00ebve, por edhe t\u00eb makinave virtuale;\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr segmentimin e server\u00ebve LXD jan\u00eb propozuar konceptet e projekteve, q\u00eb thjeshtojn\u00eb menaxhimin e grupeve t\u00eb kontejner\u00ebve dhe makinave virtuale. \u00c7do projekt mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshij\u00eb grupin e tij t\u00eb kontejner\u00ebve, makinave virtuale, imazheve, profileve dhe p\u00ebrmbajtjeve t\u00eb ruajtjes. N\u00eb lidhje me projektet mund t\u00eb vendosen kufizime t\u00eb veta dhe t\u00eb ndryshohen cil\u00ebsimet;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kapjen e thirrjeve sistemore p\u00ebr kontejner\u00ebt;\n<li class=\"l\"> Realizuar krijimin e kopjeve rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb mjediseve dhe rikthimin nga ato;\n<li class=\"l\"> Siguruar krijimin automatizuar t\u00eb snapshoot-eve t\u00eb mjediseve dhe p\u00ebrmbajtjeve t\u00eb ruajtjes me mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e vendosjes s\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb snapshoot-it;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar API p\u00ebr monitorimin e gjendjes s\u00eb rrjetit (lxc network info);\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje   <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/linuxkit\/linuxkit\/tree\/master\/projects\/shiftfs\">shiftfs<\/a><\/noindex>, nj\u00eb FS virtuale p\u00ebr p\u00ebrputhjen e pikave t\u00eb montimit me hap\u00ebsirat e emrave t\u00eb identifikuesve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve (user namespace);\n<li class=\"l\"> \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 &#171;ipvlan&#187; \u0438 &#171;routed&#187;;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar nj\u00eb backend p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e ruajtjeve t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb CephFS;\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr klaster\u00ebt realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr replikimin e imazheve dhe konfigurimeve multiarqitektonike;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e menaxhimit t\u00eb qasjes mbi baz\u00ebn e roleve (RBAC);\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr CGroup2;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr konfigurimin e adres\u00ebs MAC dhe p\u00ebrcaktimin e adres\u00ebs s\u00eb burimit p\u00ebr NAT;\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar API p\u00ebr menaxhimin e lidhjeve n\u00eb DHCP (leases);\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr Nftables.\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52679\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Canonical \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 LXC 4.0, \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 LXD 4.0 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0421 LXCFS 4.0 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 \/proc, \/sys \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f cgroupfs \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f cgroup. \u0412\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 4.0 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0441 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0439, \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 5 \u043b\u0435\u0442 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-76911","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Canonical \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/vypusk-instrumentariya-upravleniya-kontejnerami-lxc-i-lxd-4-0\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.1.1\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, 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